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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)珠江學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thetraincametoa/an(

)stop,makingmanypassengersfallofftheirseats.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasty

B.incidental

C.swift

D.abrupt

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)hasty“草率的,匆忙的”;B選項(xiàng)incidental“偶然的”;C選項(xiàng)swift“迅速的,敏捷的”;D選項(xiàng)abrupt“突然的”。

句意:火車(chē)突然停了下來(lái),許多乘客從座位上摔了下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

2.單選題

Anarrowhasasharp,pointedheadwithwhichitperforatesitstarget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facestoward

B.follows

C.pierces

D.fliestoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。perforate表示“穿過(guò),穿孔”。A項(xiàng)facetoward“正對(duì)著”,B項(xiàng)follow“跟隨”,C項(xiàng)pierce“刺穿,穿破”,D項(xiàng)flytoward“飛向”;句意:箭頭前端很尖銳,可以用它來(lái)刺穿目標(biāo)物。根據(jù)句意該題選C。

3.單選題

Sheisavery(

)student.She’salwaystalkingabouttravelingtoouterspace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginary

B.imaginative

C.imaginable

D.imagining

【答案】B

【解析】考察形似形容詞詞義辨析。imaginary“虛構(gòu)的,假想的”;imaginative“富于想象的,有創(chuàng)造力的”;imaginable“可能的,可想象的”;imagining是image的動(dòng)名詞形式。句意:她是一個(gè)富有想象力的學(xué)生。她總是談?wù)撽P(guān)于在外太空漫游的事。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

(),thebookhasmanymistakes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Havingnotbeenwrittencarefully

B.Notwritingcarefully

C.Havingwrittennotcarefully

D.Nothavingbeenwrittencarefully

【答案】D

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定使用。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式通常是就在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前加not或never,由此可以排除A,C選項(xiàng)。句意:這本書(shū)寫(xiě)得不細(xì)心,有很多錯(cuò)誤。在發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候書(shū)已經(jīng)完成了,所以需要使用完成時(shí)態(tài),而書(shū)本的編撰是由人完成的,需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whoishe他是誰(shuí)B.whoitis它是誰(shuí)

C.whoheis他是誰(shuí)D.whoisit它是誰(shuí)

【考查點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知,空格處為賓語(yǔ)從句,跟在動(dòng)詞go和see的后面,根據(jù)前一句“有人在按門(mén)鈴”可知,賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)要用who,從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣,who指的是someone,所以要用代詞he,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、D項(xiàng)不是陳述語(yǔ)氣;

B項(xiàng)it不指人。

【句意】有人在按門(mén)鈴。去看看他是誰(shuí)。

6.單選題

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalfhournap(

)me.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。revive使恢復(fù)體力(或精力、活力等);release釋放,發(fā)布;relieve緩解,減輕;recover恢復(fù)健康。句意:我下班回家的時(shí)候非常累,但睡了半小時(shí)后我又有精神了。由but可知前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,前半句提到“非常疲勞”,后半句句意應(yīng)與之相反,再?gòu)摹癮halfhournap”可推知睡半小時(shí)后恢復(fù)了體力。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

RogerRosenblatt’sbookBlackFiction,inattemptingtoapplyliteraryratherthansociopoliticalcriteriatoitssubject,successfullyalterstheapproachtakenbymostpreviousstudies.AsRosenblattnotes,criticismofblackwritinghasoftenservedasapretextforexpoundingonBlackhistory.AddisonGayle’srecentwork,forexample,judgesthevalueofBlackfictionbyovertlypoliticalstandards,ratingeachworkaccordingtothenotionsofBlackidentitywhichitpropounds.

Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrompoliticalcircumstances,itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesinwaysotherthanideological,andtalkingaboutnovelsandstoriesprimarilyasinstrumentsofideologycircumventsmuchofthefictionalenterprise.Rosenblatt’sliteraryanalysisdisclosesaffinitiesandconnectionsamongworksofBlackfictionwhichsolelypoliticalstudieshaveoverlookedorignored.

WritingacceptablecriticismofBlackfiction,however,presupposesgivingsatisfactoryanswerstoanumberofquestions.Firstofall,isthereasufficientreason,otherthantheracialidentityoftheauthors,togrouptogetherworksbyBlackauthors?Second,howdoesBlackfictionmakeitselfdistinctfromothermodernfictionwithwhichitislargelycontemporaneous?Rosenblattshowsthatblackfictionconstitutesadistinctbodyofwritingthathasanidentifiable,coherentliterarytradition.Lookingatnovelswrittenbyblacksoverthelasteightyyears,hediscoversrecurringconcernsanddesignsindependentofchronology.Thesestructuresarethematic,andtheyspringnotsurprisingly,fromthecentralfactthattheBlackcharactersinthesenovelsexistinapredominantlywhiteculture,whethertheytrytoconformtothatcultureorrebelagainstit.

Blackfictiondoesleavesomeaestheticquestionsopen.Rosenblatt’sthematicanalysispermitsconsiderableobjectivity;heevenexplicitlystatesthatitisnothisintentiontojudgethemeritofthevariousworksyethisreluctanceseemsmisplaced,especiallysinceanattempttoappraisemighthaveledtointerestingresults.Forinstance,someofthenovelsappeartobestructurallydiffuse.Isthisadefect,oraretheauthorsworkingoutof,ortryingtoforge,adifferentkindofaesthetic?Inaddition,thestyleofsomeblacknovels,likeJeanToomer’sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism;doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportraysthefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusuallyconveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?

Inspiteofsuchomissions,whatRosenblattdoesincludeinhisdiscussionmakesforanastuteandworthwhilestudy.BlackFictionsurveysawidevarietyofnovels,bringingtoourattentionintheprocesssomefascinatingandlittle-knownworkslikeJamesWeldonJohnson’sAutobiographyofanEx-ColoredMan.Itsargumentistightlyconstructed,anditsforthright,lucidstyleexemplifieslevelheadedandpenetratingcriticism.

1.TheauthorofthepassageobjectstocriticismofBlackfictionlikethatbyAddisonGaylebecauseit().

2.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith().

3.Theauthor'sdiscussionofBlackFictioncanbebestdescribedas().

4.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthepassagewouldbeLEASTlikelytoapproveofwhichofthefollowing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emphasizespurelyliteraryaspectsofsuchfiction

B.misinterpretstheideologicalcontentofsuchfiction

C.misunderstandsthenotionsofBlackidentitycontainedinsuchfiction

D.substitutespoliticalforliterarycriteriainevaluatingsuchfiction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.evaluatingthesoundnessofaworkofcriticism

B.comparingvariouscriticalapproachestoasubject

C.discussingthelimitationsofaparticularkindofcriticism

D.summarizingthemajorpointsmadeinaworkofcriticism

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.pedanticandcontentious

B.criticalbutadmiring

C.ironicanddeprecating

D.argumentativebutunfocused

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.AnanalysisoftheinfluenceofpoliticaleventsonthepersonalideologyofBlackwriters.

B.AcriticalstudythatappliessociopoliticalcriteriatoautobiographiesbyBlackauthors.

C.AliterarystudyofBlackpoetrythatappraisesthemeritsofpoemsaccordingtothepoliticalacceptabilityoftheirthemes.

D.AnexaminationofthegrowthofadistinctBlackliterarytraditionwithinthecontextofBlackhistory.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.TheauthorofthepassageobjectstocriticismofBlackfictionlikethatbyAddisonGaylebecauseit______.1.這篇文章的作者反對(duì)艾迪生?蓋爾對(duì)黑人小說(shuō)的批評(píng),因?yàn)樗黖_____。

A.emphasizespurelyliteraryaspectsofsuchfictionA.強(qiáng)調(diào)這種小說(shuō)的純文學(xué)方面

B.misinterpretstheideologicalcontentofsuchfictionB.誤解了這種小說(shuō)的意識(shí)形態(tài)內(nèi)容

C.misunderstandsthenotionsofBlackidentitycontainedinsuchfictionC.誤解了這些小說(shuō)中包含的黑人身份的概念

D.substitutespoliticalforliterarycriteriainevaluatingsuchfictionD.用政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)代替文學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)這類(lèi)小說(shuō)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞AddisonGayle定位到第一段第三句“AddisonGayle最近的作品就是以公然的政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)評(píng)判黑人小說(shuō)的價(jià)值,按照每一部作品所提出的黑人身份來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)每部作品”,由此可推斷,作者反對(duì)像AddisonGayle那樣對(duì)黑人小說(shuō)的批評(píng),是因?yàn)樗麄円哉螛?biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)文學(xué)作品,D項(xiàng)“用政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)代替文學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)這類(lèi)小說(shuō)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)這種小說(shuō)的純文學(xué)方面”與文意相反,反向干擾;

B項(xiàng)“誤解了這種小說(shuō)的意識(shí)形態(tài)內(nèi)容”和C項(xiàng)“誤解了這些小說(shuō)中包含的黑人身份的概念”在文中都沒(méi)提到,無(wú)中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______.2.本文作者主要關(guān)注的是______。

A.evaluatingthesoundnessofaworkofcriticismA.評(píng)價(jià)某一批評(píng)作品的合理性

B.comparingvariouscriticalapproachestoasubjectB.比較對(duì)一門(mén)學(xué)科的各種批評(píng)方法

C.discussingthelimitationsofaparticularkindofcriticismC.討論一種特定批評(píng)的局限性

D.summarizingthemajorpointsmadeinaworkofcriticismD.總結(jié)批評(píng)作品中的主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】通過(guò)閱讀本文各段,尤其是首段第一句“RogerRosenblatt的著作《黑人小說(shuō)》試圖將文學(xué)而非社會(huì)政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于其研究對(duì)象,成功地改變了以前大多數(shù)研究采用的研究方法”,及最后一段第一句“盡管有這樣的遺漏,Rosenblatt在他的討論中所包含的內(nèi)容使其成為一項(xiàng)精明而有價(jià)值的研究”,我們可以推斷出文章中,作者主要關(guān)心的是合理地對(duì)作品進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),突出的是evaluating這一個(gè)詞語(yǔ),所以A項(xiàng)“評(píng)價(jià)某一批評(píng)作品的合理性”是正確的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“比較對(duì)一個(gè)主題的各種批評(píng)方法”、C項(xiàng)“討論一種特定批評(píng)的局限性”和D項(xiàng)“總結(jié)批評(píng)作品中的主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)”都只是其中的一部分,以偏概全。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Theauthor’sdiscussionofBlackFictioncanbebestdescribedas______.3.作者對(duì)《黑人小說(shuō)》的討論可以用______來(lái)描述。

A.pedanticandcontentiousA.迂腐而有爭(zhēng)議的

B.criticalbutadmiringB.批判但欣賞的

C.ironicanddeprecatingC.諷刺和不贊成的

D.argumentativebutunfocusedD.爭(zhēng)論性但沒(méi)有重點(diǎn)的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)首段第一句“RogerRosenblatt的著作《黑人小說(shuō)》試圖將文學(xué)而非社會(huì)政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于其研究對(duì)象,成功地改變了以前大多數(shù)研究采用的研究方法”,以及末段第一句“盡管有這樣的遺漏,Rosenblatt在他的討論中所包含的內(nèi)容使其成為一項(xiàng)精明而有價(jià)值的研究”,結(jié)合文章的主旨,即“評(píng)價(jià)某一批評(píng)作品的合理性”,可以得出,作者對(duì)《黑人小說(shuō)》的討論是批判但欣賞的。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“迂腐而有爭(zhēng)議的”、C項(xiàng)“諷刺和不贊成的”和D項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)論性但沒(méi)有重點(diǎn)的”都與文章中心主旨句不符合,曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthepassagewouldbeLEASTlikelytoapproveofwhichofthefollowing?4.可以推斷出,文章的作者最不可能贊成下列哪一種?

A.AnanalysisoftheinfluenceofpoliticaleventsonthepersonalideologyofBlackwriters.A.政治事件對(duì)黑人作家個(gè)人意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響分析。

B.AcriticalstudythatappliessociopoliticalcriteriatoautobiographiesbyBlackauthors.B.一項(xiàng)將社會(huì)政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于黑人作家自傳的批判性研究。

C.AliterarystudyofBlackpoetrythatappraisesthemeritsofpoemsaccordingtothepoliticalacceptabilityoftheirthemes.C.黑人詩(shī)歌的文學(xué)研究,根據(jù)詩(shī)歌主題在政治上的可接受性來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)詩(shī)歌的價(jià)值。

D.AnexaminationofthegrowthofadistinctBlackliterarytraditionwithinthecontextofBlackhistory.D.在黑人歷史的背景下對(duì)一種獨(dú)特的黑人文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行的考察。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】原文第一段作者贊賞羅森布拉特運(yùn)用文學(xué)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究黑人小說(shuō),而明確地反對(duì)蓋爾單純用政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)判黑人小說(shuō)的做法。原文第二段第一句,作者明確指出:雖然小說(shuō)確實(shí)是源于政治環(huán)境,但作者反映這些環(huán)境的方法是非意識(shí)形態(tài)的,如把小說(shuō)和故事的討論作為意識(shí)形態(tài)的工具,則會(huì)忽視了許多小說(shuō)的成就;也就是說(shuō)把小說(shuō)主要看作意識(shí)形態(tài)的工具大大傷害了小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作事業(yè)的發(fā)展。由此可以推論作者會(huì)反對(duì)按主題的政治可接受性(thepoliticalacceptabilityoftheirthemes)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)黑人詩(shī)歌。C選項(xiàng)“黑人詩(shī)歌的文學(xué)研究,根據(jù)詩(shī)歌主題在政治上的可接受性來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)詩(shī)歌的價(jià)值”符合這一分析,故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“政治事件對(duì)黑人作家個(gè)人意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響分析”、B項(xiàng)“一項(xiàng)將社會(huì)政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于黑人作家自傳的批判性研究”和D項(xiàng)“在黑人歷史的背景下對(duì)一種獨(dú)特的黑人文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行的考察”符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

8.單選題

()youpromiseyouwillworkhard,()supportyoutocollege.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifonly...willI

B.Only...Iwill

C.Onlyif...willI

D.Onlyif...Iwill、

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。觀(guān)察第一空的選項(xiàng),ifonly“只要;但愿”后面一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;onlyif“只有”后用倒裝。再綜合題干可判定此題使用倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

TheGovernmentis()thedangerofleadpollutioninourcities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.goingfor

B.countingon

C.lookinginto

D.turningup

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。gofor主張,擁護(hù);counton指望,依靠;lookinto調(diào)查,觀(guān)察;turnup出現(xiàn),

發(fā)生。句意:政府正在對(duì)本城市的主要危險(xiǎn)污染物進(jìn)行調(diào)查。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

WhenColumbus()Americain1492,thecontinentsmayhavebeenpeopledbyasmanyastwenty-fivemillionIndians.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whodiscovered

B.discovering

C.discovered

D.todiscover

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)哥倫布于1492年()美洲大陸時(shí),這塊大陸上居住著多達(dá)2500萬(wàn)印第安人。通過(guò)題干可知哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸是在1492年,是一個(gè)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事,因此C選項(xiàng)discovered表示過(guò)去符合題意。A選項(xiàng)是定語(yǔ)從句,這個(gè)句子中不需要定語(yǔ)從句;B選項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行;D選項(xiàng)表示將來(lái)。

11.單選題

Thepriestmadetheofthe(

)crosswhenheenteredthechurch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mark

B.signal

C.sign

D.gesture

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:牧師進(jìn)入教堂之前比劃了一個(gè)十字。

Signofthecross為固定搭配,意為“十字架”,mark標(biāo)記,記號(hào);signal信號(hào);gesture手勢(shì),makeagesture做手勢(shì);擺...姿態(tài),但是通常不和thecross連用。故選C。

12.單選題

73.5percentofmajorU.S.firmsreportthattheyrecordandreviewtheiremployees'communicationsandactivitiesonthejoB.Thelargerthecompany,themorelikelyitistoengageinmonitoringandsurveillanceactivities,accordingtoasurvey.Brokendownbybusinesscategory,surveyrespondentsinthefinancialservicessectorleadthepackswhenitcomestomonitoringtheiremployeese-mailandInternetconnections.

Webersaysheseescompaniesgothrougha"lifecycle"withtheirInternetexperience.Whentheyfirstgetconnected,companiesseeasurgeofactivityandanimmediatedrop-offinproductivity.Afterabouttwoorthreeweeks,Internetuselevelsoff,Webernotes.Weberobservesthatamonghisclients,he'sseeingatrendwhereemployersarelettingthelifecyclerunitscourse.Inothercases,Webersayshisclientsarecapturingtheinformation,butnotreallydoinganythingaboutit.OnethingtheexpertsallagreeonisthatifyouusetheInternetandprovideaccesstoyouremployees,youshouldhaveapolicyinplacethatdefineswhatyoudeemtobepermissibleusebyemployees.WeberbelievesthatnocompanywantstobeintheroteofBigBrother,butstillmustprotectoneofitsmostvaluableassets.Norareemployerslookingtomicro-managetheiremployees.ManycompaniesareviewinguseoftheInternetassimilartothephone,andoperatingwiththephilosophythatincidentalpersonaluseisokay."Butsomeclientsdon'tseeaneedtorestrictaccess,"heexplains.ForcertaintheissuesthatsurroundmonitoringemployeeInternetusearen'tgoingtoquietdownanythingsoon,theexpertssay."Maybethesimplestsolutionistojustallowacertainpercentagetogotoemployeeuse."

1.InmonitoringtheInternetuseoftheemployees,whichofthefollowingtakethelead?

2.WhichofthefollowingmayrightlydescribethelifecycleofInternetuse()

3.Whatcanwesayaboutmostcompanies'attitudetowardsemployeeInternetuse?

4.Weknowfromthispassagethatexpertsthink().

5.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitle?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Computercompanies.

B.Telecommunicationcompanies.

C.Financialfirms.

D.Largecompanies.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Asuddenriseinthefirst2-3weeksfollowedbyasuddendrop-off.

B.Agradualincreasetothefirst2-3weeksfollowedbyagradualdecrease.

C.Agradualincreasetothefirst2-3weeksfollowedbylevelingoff.

D.Asuddenriseinthefirst2-3weeksfollowedbylevelingoff.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Supportive.

B.Disapproving.

C.Tolerant.

D.Cautious

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theeasiestsolutionistoconfineInternetusetocertainemployees

B.policiesshouldbelaiddowndefiningthelimitofinternetuseforemployees

C.restrictionsonemployeeInternetusemayhelpincreaseproductivity

D.limitingemployeeInternetusemaydoharmtotheimageofcompanies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.InternetIsCausingTroubleforEmployers

B.ManagingEmployeeUseoftheInternet.

C.TheControversyoverInternetUse.

D.TheNegativeSideofInternet.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句:"surveyrespondentsinthefinancialservicessectorleadthepackswhenitcomestomonitoringtheiremployeese-mailandInternetconnections."句中的financialservicessector與選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)。故答案為C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞lifecycleofInternetuse定位到第二段的第二、三句"Whentheyfirstgetconnected,companiesseeasurgeofactivityandanimmediatedrop-offinproductivity.Afterabouttwoorthreeweeks,Internetuselevelsoff,Webernotes."網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽量前兩周激增,隨后逐步下降。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第四句"ManycompaniesareviewinguseoftheInternetassimilartothephone,andoperatingwiththephilosophythatincidentalpersonaluseisokay."大部分的公司允許員工因私人原因適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡蛱鼐W(wǎng)。選項(xiàng)C比選項(xiàng)A更符合。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞experts定位到第二段的第六句"Onethingtheexpertsallagreeonisthat...usebyemployees."專(zhuān)家們一致同意的一件事是,如果你使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并為你的員工提供訪(fǎng)問(wèn)權(quán)限,你應(yīng)該制定一個(gè)政策來(lái)定義你認(rèn)為雇員可以使用的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容分析,本文主要是講述企業(yè)主應(yīng)該如何處理員工上網(wǎng)的問(wèn)題。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.單選題

Itisimpossibletosayhowitwilltakeplace,becauseitwillhappen____,anditwillnotbealongprocess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consequently

B.approximately

C.principally

D.spontaneously

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.consequently因此B.approximately大約

C.principally原則上D.spontaneously自發(fā)地

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯

【解題思路】由because可知,前后兩句之間是因果關(guān)系。因此空格處所在分句“它會(huì)____發(fā)生”是前文“不可能說(shuō)它將如何發(fā)生”的原因。因此,D選項(xiàng)spontaneously“自發(fā)地”符合原句語(yǔ)義邏輯,因?yàn)槭亲园l(fā)發(fā)生的,所以不清楚它將如何發(fā)生。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原句語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】不可能說(shuō)它將如何發(fā)生,因?yàn)樗鼘⒆园l(fā)地發(fā)生,并且不會(huì)是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。

14.單選題

Criticsofearlyschoolingciteresearchthatquestionswhether4-year-oldchildrenarereadytotakeonformallearning.Educatorsfindthat(1)toddlersaremorelikelytosucceedduringtheirschoolcareers.(2)theiryoungercounterpartsaremorelikelyto(3).Kindergartenchildrenwhoturnfiveduringthe(4)halfoftheyearseemtobeatadisadvantagewhenit(5)physical,emotional,social,andintellectualdevelopment.Additionally,childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergarten(6)toreceivebettergradesandscorehigheronachievement(7)throughouttheirschoolingexperience(8)dothosewhobeginkindergartenhavingjustturnedfive.Beingbrightandverballyskillfulandbeingreadyforschooldonotseemtobethe(9)thing.Itiseasytoconfusethesuperficialpoiseandsophisticationofmanyoftoday'schildren(10)innermaturity.Indeed,evidencesuggeststhatearlyschoolingboomerangs.Youngsters(11)parentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccessinpreschoolarelesscreative,have(12)anxietyabouttests,and,bytheendofkindergarten,falltomaintaintheirinitialacademicadvantage(13)theirless-pressuredpeers.

Manypsychologistsandeducatorsremainskepticalofapproachesthatplace4-year-oldsinaformaleducationalsetting.Theyquestion(14)environmentalenrichmentcansignificantlyalterthebuilt-indevelopmentaltimetableofachildrearedinanon-disadvantagedhome.Theydonotdeny,however,the(15)ofday-carecentersandnurseryschoolsthatprovideahomelikeenvironmentandallowchildren(16)freedomtoplay,developattheirown(17),andevolvetheirsocialskills.Buttheypointoutthatmanyofthethingschildrenoncedidinfirstgradearenow(18)oftheminkindergarten,andtheyworrylestmoreandmorewillnowbeaskedof4-year-olds.Thesepsychologistsandeducatorsbelievewearedrivingyoungchildrentoo(19)andtherebydeprivingthemoftheir(20)

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.older

B.taller

C.stronger

D.smarter

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Since

B.Nowthat

C.Thereby

D.Whereas

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.fall

B.fail

C.flee

D.fear

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.late

B.later

C.latest

D.latter

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.liesin

B.dealswith

C.comesto

D.callsfor

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.help

B.want

C.tend

D.prefer

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.tests

B.trials

C.performance

D.competition

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.then

D.than

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.easy

B.hard

C.same

D.similar

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.against

C.with

D.towards

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.with

C.those

D.whose

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.much

B.more

C.many

D.most

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.against

C.over

D.than

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.that

C.why

D.whether

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.value

B.power

C.consideration

D.responsibility

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.reasonable

C.imaginable

D.considerable

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.way

B.case

C.pace

D.means

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.thought

B.reminded

C.expected

D.regarded

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.well

B.hard

C.badly

D.directly

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.memory

B.childhood

C.ambitions

D.simplicity

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:C

第19題:B

第20題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)下文“theiryoungercounterparts”可以推測(cè)出,填空處應(yīng)該填入“older”,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)下文的“seemtobeatadisadvantage”可以推測(cè),年幼的學(xué)齡前兒童相比年長(zhǎng)的學(xué)齡前兒童處于劣勢(shì),所以前后形成對(duì)比,選項(xiàng)D符合原文語(yǔ)境。

3.填空處與上文的“succeed”相對(duì)應(yīng),應(yīng)填入success的反義詞“fail”,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.late遲的,晚的,最近的;later后來(lái),更遲的;latest最新的;latter后者的,較后的。根據(jù)原文可知,這里指后半年滿(mǎn)5歲的幼兒園兒童,選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.liein在于;dealwith處理;comesto談到,達(dá)到;callfor要求,需要。whenitcomesto指涉及,談到。句意:幼兒園的孩子如果在下半年才滿(mǎn)五歲,在身體、情感、社交和智力發(fā)展方面就會(huì)處于劣勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

6.根據(jù)句意:接近6歲的孩子進(jìn)入幼兒園時(shí),往往會(huì)獲得更好的成績(jī)。tendto表示趨向,易于...,符合原文句意,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.根據(jù)原文可知,這里指成就測(cè)試的得分也更高。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

8.根據(jù)句意,這里是將剛滿(mǎn)5歲和剛滿(mǎn)6歲進(jìn)入幼兒園的孩子進(jìn)行比較,只有選D表示比較,所以正確。

9.句意:聰明、語(yǔ)言能力強(qiáng)和準(zhǔn)備好上學(xué)似乎不是同一件事。句中有兩個(gè)being,作者是將兩件事進(jìn)行對(duì)比,說(shuō)明二者不是同一件事。

10.confusewith混淆,這里指我們很容易把如今孩子們表面上的沉著和老練與內(nèi)心的成熟混為一談。選項(xiàng)C符合原文句意。

11.“whose”在這里引導(dǎo)定于從句,相當(dāng)于“Youngsters’parents”。句意:父母強(qiáng)迫孩子在學(xué)前班取得學(xué)業(yè)上的成功會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子缺乏創(chuàng)造力。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

12.根據(jù)句意,這里指考試的時(shí)候會(huì)更焦慮,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.maintainadvantageoversb.為固定搭配,意為“對(duì)...保持優(yōu)勢(shì)”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

14.句意:他們質(zhì)疑,豐富的環(huán)境是否能顯著改變一個(gè)在沒(méi)有缺點(diǎn)的家庭中長(zhǎng)大的孩子固定的發(fā)展軌跡。whether引導(dǎo)疑問(wèn)句,意為“是否”。選項(xiàng)D正確。

15.根據(jù)原文句意可知,這里指他們并不否認(rèn)日托中心和幼兒園的價(jià)值。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

16.句意:它們提供一個(gè)像家一樣的環(huán)境,給孩子足夠的自由玩耍。選項(xiàng)D符合原文句意。

17.atone’sownpace為固定搭配,意為“按自己的節(jié)奏”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

18.根據(jù)下文:他們擔(dān)心現(xiàn)在會(huì)有越來(lái)越多的孩子在4歲的時(shí)候就被要求這樣做。由此可以推斷,上文指的是:孩子們?cè)谝荒昙?jí)時(shí)做的許多事情,現(xiàn)在在幼兒園就被期望去做。選項(xiàng)C更符合句意。

19.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,too在這里后面應(yīng)接形容詞,首先排除選項(xiàng)C和D;再根據(jù)句意可知,選項(xiàng)B符合原文句意,所以正確。句意:心理學(xué)家和教育家認(rèn)為我們對(duì)小孩太嚴(yán)厲了。

20.根據(jù)句意可知,這路指剝奪了孩子們的童年。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。選項(xiàng)D雖符合句意,但不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),所以不正確。

15.單選題

Viruses,infectiousparticlesconsistingofnucleicacidpackagedinaproteincoat(thecapsid),aredifficulttoresist.Unabletoreproduceoutsidealivingcell,virusesreproduceonlybysubvertingthegeneticmechanismsofahostcell.Inonekindofvirallifecycle,thevirusfirstbindstothecell’ssurface,thenpenetratesthecellandshedsitscapsid.Theexposedviralnucleicacidproducesnewvirusesfromthecontentsofthecell.Finally,thecellreleasestheviralprogeny,andanewcellcycleofinfectionbegins.

Thehumanbodyrespondstoaviralinfectionbyproducingantibodies:complex,highlyspecificproteinsthatselectivelybindtoforeignmoleculessuchasviruses.Anantibodycaneitherinterferewithavirus’sabilitybindtoacell,orcanpreventitfromreleasingitsnucleicacid.

Unfortunately,thecommoncold,producedmostoftenbyrhinoviruses,isintractabletoantiviraldefense.Humanshavedifficultyresistingcoldsbecauserhinovirusesaresodiverse,includingatleast100strains.Thestrainsdiffermostinthemolecularstructureoftheproteinsintheircapsids.Sincedisease-fightingantibodiesbindtothecapsid,anantibodydevelopedtoprotectagainst-onerhinovirusstrainisuselessagainstotherstrains.Differentantibodiesmustbeproducedforeachstrain.

Adefenseagainstrhinovirusesmightnonethelesssucceedbyexploitinghiddensimilaritiesamongtherhinovirusstrains.Forexample,mostrhinovirusstrainsbindtothesamekindofmolecule(delta-receptors)onacell’ssurfacewhentheyattackhumancells.Colonno,takingadvantageofthesecommonreceptors,devisedastrategyforblockingtheattachmentofrhinovirusestotheirappropriatereceptors.Ratherthanfruitlesslysearchingforanantibodythatwouldbindtoallrhinoviruses,Colonnorealizedthatanantibodybindingtothecommonreceptorsofahumancellwouldpreventrhinovirusesfrominitiatinganinfection.Becausehumancellsnormallydonotdevelopantibodiestocomponentsoftheirowncells,Colonnoinjectedhumancellsintomice,whichdidproduceanantibodytothecommonreceptor.Inisolatedhumancells,thisantibodyprovedtobeextraordinarilyeffectiveatthwartingtherhinovirus.Moreover,whentheantibodywasgiventochimpanzees,itinhibitedrhinoviralgrowth,andinhumansitlessenedboththeseverityanddurationofcoldsymptoms.

AnotherpossibledefenseagainstrhinoviruseswasproposedbyRossman,whodescribedrhinoviruses’detailedmolecularStructure.Rossmanshowedthatproteinsequencescommontoallrhinovirusstrainslieatthebaseofadeep“canyon”scoringeachfaceoftheCapsid.Thenarrowopeningofthiscanyorpossiblypreventstherelativelylargeantibodymoleculesfrombindingtothecommonsequence,butsmallermoleculesmightreachit.Amongthesesmaller,nonantibodymolecules,somemightbindtothecommonsequence,lockthenucleicacidinitscoat,andtherebypreventthevirusfromreproducing.

54.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

55.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheproteinsequencesofthecapsidthatvarymostamongstrainsofrhinovirusarethose______.

56.Whichofthefollowingresearchstrategiesfordevelopingadefenseagainstthecommoncoldwouldtheauthorbelikelytofindmostpromising?

57.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepurposeofColonno’sexperimentswastodeterminewhether______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discussviralmechanismsandpossiblewaysofcircumventingcertainkindsofthosemechanisms

B.challengerecentresearchonhowrhinovirusesbindtoreceptorsonthesurfacesofcells

C.suggestfutureresearchonrhinoviralgrowthinchimpanzees

D.defendacontroversialresearchprogramwhosepurposeistodiscoverthemolecularstructureofrhinoviruscapsids

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atthebaseofthe“canyon”

B.outsideofthe“canyon”

C.responsibleforproducingnucleicacid

D.responsibleforpreventingtheformationofdelta-receptors

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Continuingtolookforageneralantirhinoviralantibody.

B.Searchingforcommoncell-surfacereceptorsinhumansandmice.

C.Continuingtolookforsimilaritiesamongthevariousstrainsofrhinovirus.

D.Discoveringhowthehumanbodyproducesantibodiesinresponsetoarhinoviralinfection.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.chimpanzeesandhumanscanbothbeinfectedbyrhinoviruses

B.chimpanzeescanproduceantibodiestohumancell-surfacereceptors

C.arhinovirus’nucleicacidmightbelockedinitsproteincoat

D.bindingantibodiestocommonreceptorscouldproduceapossibledefenseagainstrhinoviruses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】54.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章開(kāi)始先闡述的病毒的繁殖和人體的抗體反映,接著引用了鼻病毒來(lái)討論病毒的攻擊機(jī)制以及抵御這種機(jī)制的辦法,故A項(xiàng)“討論病毒機(jī)制和規(guī)避某些機(jī)制的可能方法”符合題意;B項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)最近關(guān)于鼻病毒如何與細(xì)胞表面受體結(jié)合的研究”、C項(xiàng)“建議對(duì)黑猩猩鼻病毒生長(zhǎng)的未來(lái)研究”和D項(xiàng)“為一個(gè)旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)鼻病毒衣殼分子結(jié)構(gòu)的有爭(zhēng)議的研究項(xiàng)目辯護(hù)”都不夠全面。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出,鼻病毒株衣殼蛋白序列差異最大的是……的那些”。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Rossmanshowedthatproteinsequencescommontoallrhinovirusstrainslieatthebaseofadeep“canyon”scoringeachfaceoftheCapsid.(羅斯曼指出,所有鼻病毒株共有的蛋白質(zhì)序列位于衣殼表面的一個(gè)深“峽谷”的底部。)可知,擁有共同的蛋白質(zhì)序列的鼻病毒株都是位于衣殼表面的一個(gè)深“峽谷”的底部里,那么“峽谷”外的那些鼻病毒株則是沒(méi)有共同的蛋白質(zhì)序列,所以“峽谷”外的鼻病毒株的衣殼蛋白序列差異最大,故B項(xiàng)“‘峽谷’外”正確;A項(xiàng)“在‘峽谷’的底部”錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“負(fù)責(zé)生產(chǎn)核酸”和D項(xiàng)“負(fù)責(zé)阻止受體的形成”并不符合題干。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于對(duì)普通感冒的防御,以下哪一種是作者認(rèn)為可能是最有希望的方法?”。由第四段第一句Adefenseagainstrhinovirusesmightnonethelesssucceedbyexploitinghiddensimilaritiesamongtherhinovirusstrains.(盡管如此,通過(guò)利用鼻病毒株之間隱藏的相似性,對(duì)鼻病毒的防御可能會(huì)成功。)可知,C項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)尋找各種鼻病毒株之間的相似性”正確;根據(jù)第三段中的Humanshavedifficultyresistingcoldsbecauserhinovirusesaresodiverse,includingatleast100strains…Sincedisease-fightingantibodiesbindtothecapsid,anantibodydevelopedtoprotectagainst-onerhinovirusstrainisuselessagainstotherstrains.Differentantibodiesmustbeproducedforeachstrain.(人類(lèi)很難抵抗感冒,因?yàn)楸遣《痉N類(lèi)繁多,至少有100種……由于抗病抗體與衣殼結(jié)合,一種用于對(duì)抗一種鼻病毒株的抗體對(duì)其他病毒株無(wú)效。每個(gè)毒株必須產(chǎn)生不同的抗體。)可知,鼻病毒種類(lèi)很多,只尋找一般的抗鼻病毒抗體是難以對(duì)抗感冒的,A項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)尋找一般的抗鼻病毒抗體”錯(cuò)誤;B項(xiàng)“尋找人類(lèi)和小鼠中常見(jiàn)的細(xì)胞表面受體”,只是Colonno設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程,該項(xiàng)不選;D項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)人體如何產(chǎn)生抗體以應(yīng)對(duì)鼻病毒感染”文中沒(méi)有提及。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出,Colonno實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是確定是否……”。根據(jù)第四段中的Ratherthanfruitlesslysearchingforanantibodythatwouldbindtoallrhinoviruses,Colonnorealizedthatanantibodybindingtothecommonreceptorsofahumancellwouldpreventrhinovirusesfrominitiatinganinfection.(科洛諾不是徒勞地尋找一種能與所有鼻病毒結(jié)合的抗體,而是意識(shí)到一種與人類(lèi)細(xì)胞的普通受體結(jié)合的抗體可以防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染。)可推斷,Colonno實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是確定與人類(lèi)細(xì)胞的普通受體結(jié)合的抗體是否可以防止鼻病毒引發(fā)感染,D項(xiàng)“與普通受體結(jié)合的抗體可能產(chǎn)生一種對(duì)抗鼻病毒的防御”正確;A項(xiàng)“黑猩猩和人類(lèi)都可以被鼻病毒感染”只是實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程,并不是目的;B項(xiàng)“黑猩猩能產(chǎn)生對(duì)人類(lèi)細(xì)胞表面受體的抗體”,根據(jù)第四段對(duì)該實(shí)驗(yàn)的描述Becausehumancellsnormallydonotdevelopantibodiestocomponentsoftheirowncells,Colonnoinjectedhumancellsintomice,whichdidproduceanantibodytothecommonreceptor.(由于人類(lèi)細(xì)胞通常不會(huì)產(chǎn)生針對(duì)自身細(xì)胞成分的抗體,Colonno將人類(lèi)細(xì)胞注射到小鼠體內(nèi),小鼠確實(shí)產(chǎn)生了針對(duì)共同受體的抗體。),可知產(chǎn)生對(duì)人類(lèi)細(xì)胞表面受體的抗體是小老鼠,而黑猩猩只是被注射了小鼠產(chǎn)生的抗體,該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“鼻病毒的核酸可能被鎖在它的蛋白質(zhì)外殼中”并不是Colonno的實(shí)驗(yàn)。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

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(2)

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(4)

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(5)

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(6)

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