英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)與復(fù)習(xí)課件

第一部分：

英語(yǔ)八種常用時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞分類謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：?jiǎn)沃^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：由一個(gè)行為動(dòng)詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞復(fù)雜謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：由助動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成行為動(dòng)詞表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本意義助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助行為動(dòng)詞表示不同的語(yǔ)法意義或情態(tài)意義。助動(dòng)詞1）be/do/have表示語(yǔ)法意義be進(jìn)行時(shí)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；do表示否定、疑問have表示完成時(shí)2）情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞can/could,may/might,Will/would,shall/should,must,oughtto,need時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)中需特別注意的三個(gè)方面1）時(shí)態(tài)表示的意義/用法e.g

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法：現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或行為；目前的狀態(tài)；客觀真理2)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)e.galready,ever,just,yet,before(單獨(dú)放于句末),inthepast/lastfewyears,since+過去的時(shí)間/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,for+一段時(shí)間,etc.3)否定句，疑問句的變化謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是助動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，行為動(dòng)詞前加doesn’t,其他人稱和數(shù)的行為動(dòng)詞前加don’t,后跟動(dòng)詞原形。疑問句：①把be動(dòng)詞Am/Is/Are放于句首；②主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用Does放于句首提問，其他人稱和數(shù)用助動(dòng)詞Do提問，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。二）一般過去時(shí)用法：過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：…ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow=amomentago,attheageof10,oneday,long,longago=onceuponatime,aftertwodays,etc.

全文背景否定形式：①was/were+not；②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn’t，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。

疑問句：①把be動(dòng)詞Was或Were放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式Did提問，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞was/were；②行為動(dòng)詞用過去式三）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

用法：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now,thesedays,Look!Listen!etc.

結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把助動(dòng)詞Am/Is/Are放于句首。五）一般將來時(shí)

用法：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)以及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,in2013,inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow,in+一段時(shí)間,howsoon,etc.結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/+goingto+V原形；②will/shall+V原形。(計(jì)劃好/已決定的事情用begoingto）否定形式：①am/is/are/+not+goingto+V原形；②will/shall+not+V原形。一般疑問句：①把助動(dòng)詞Am/Is/Are放于句首；②把助動(dòng)詞Will/Shall放于句首。七）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

用法：到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響，或從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already,ever,just,yet,before(單獨(dú)放于句末),inthepast/lastfewyears,since+過去的時(shí)間/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,for+一段時(shí)間,etc.結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+done否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問句：把助動(dòng)詞have/has放于句首。時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)

1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)

賓語(yǔ)從句中，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選擇狀語(yǔ)從句中，if條件句，when/assoonas/not…until時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將將來（主將從現(xiàn)）

Idon'tknowifit________tomorrow.Ifit_________,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains,rainsB.rains,willrainC.willrain,rainsD.willrain,willrainC

時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)

2）一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從用法上區(qū)分：一般過去時(shí)只是說明過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（發(fā)生過什么事）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則說明過去發(fā)生的事情，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響（更強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響）--______mymobilephone?--Yes,Isawitonyourdeskamomentago.HaveyouseenDidyouseeA

時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)

2）一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)上區(qū)分（特別是過去時(shí)不能表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)）I________afriendofmineyesterday,andwe_______eachotherfortenyears.A.saw,had’tseenB.saw,haven'tseenC.saw,didn'tseeD.hadn'tseen,haven’tseenB

Inthepastthreeyears,there________greatchangesinmycity.A.hasbeenB.areC.havebeenD.wereIamsorryyouhavemissedthebus.It______fiveminutesago.WasleavingB.hasleftC.leftD.wouldleftCC時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)

3）一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)從意義上區(qū)分，判斷兩個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作，哪個(gè)發(fā)生在前，哪個(gè)發(fā)生在后。Thepopsinger_________whenIgottothemusichalllastnight.Whatapity.haveleftB.wereleftC.hadleftD.leftC時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)

4）一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)在when和while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中如果一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中，則該動(dòng)作用過去時(shí)，正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。A…did（短時(shí)間）…when/while…wasdoing（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）B…wasdoing（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）…when…did（短時(shí)間）注意，如兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都用wasdoingC…wasdoing（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）…when/while…wasdoing–Didyouseetheaccidentyesterday?-Yes,ithappenedwhenI_________pastthemuseum.A.walkB.amwalkingC.waswalkingD.hadwalkedSomeone_________atthedoorwhenshewascookinginthekitchen.A.hadknockedB.hasknockedC.wasknockingD.knockedCD1.borrow借→keep保存2.die死→bedead死的3.buy買→have有、擁有4.come/goto/reach/arrivein/at/getto+地點(diǎn)來到/去到某地→bein/at+地點(diǎn)在某地6.jointheParty/league/army入黨/入團(tuán)/參軍→beintheParty/league/army在黨/團(tuán)/軍隊(duì)里或→beamemberof…7.leave離開→beaway8.(themeeting/match)begin/start會(huì)議/比賽開始→beon進(jìn)行9.becomea+職業(yè)→bea+職業(yè)10.getmarried→bemarried

–Whendidyou________thishouse?-Well,I_______itforhalfayear.A.have;haveboughtB.buy,havehadC.buy;haveboughtD.had;havehad.

–Howlong______thefilmKingKong_____?--Forjustafewminutes.A.Did,beginB.has,begunC.has,beenonD.had,beenonB

D(2006)()19.Thebus______suddenlywhenagroupofstudentsranontotheroad.A.stopsB.stoppedC.hasstoppedD.isstopping()20.----I______togettotheSouthMall.CouldyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?----JustcatchtheNo.10busfromhere.It’sthe4thstop.A.amtryingB.wouldtryC.triedD.havetriedB

A

(2007)()21.Thelittlegirl______hercupamomentago,butluckilyitisn’tbroken.

A.droppedB.isdroppingC.haddroppedD.wasdropping()22.Asweknow,thingslikethat______allovertheworldeveryday.

A.happensB.arehappenedC.arehappeningD.willbehappenedA

C

(2008)()23.Hi,Mr.Smith.Ididn’tknowyouwereinNewYork.Howlong______here?A.haveyoucomeB.wereyouC.haveyoubeenD.willyoucome(2009)()24.----There’ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.----Don’tworry.I______torepairittomorrow.A.willcomeB.cameC.comeD.havecomeC

A

第二部分：

賓語(yǔ)從句/間接引語(yǔ)1.三種類型的賓語(yǔ)從句（間接引語(yǔ)）1）‘WewillvisitYuexiuParkthisafternoon.’Kellysaidtoherbrother.Kelly

herbrother

.

2）‘Whenareyougoingtoseethefilm?’

Couldyoutellme？Couldyoutellme______________________.3）“Doyouneedanyhelp?”Thebossaskedtheworkers.Thebossaskedtheworkers_____________________________________.toldtheywould…thatafternoonwhenyouweregoing…?if/whethertheyneededsomehelp2.非賓語(yǔ)從句的間接引語(yǔ)(1)

1）‘Whenareyougoingtoseethefilm?’

Couldyoutellme？Couldyoutellme______________________.

2)“Whereareyougoingtospendyourholiday?”Tomaskedme.Tomaskedme________________________.whentogotosee…wheretospendyour…

2)Thechildrensaid“MissGreen,wouldyoupleasegiveussomesweets?”Thechildren___________________________.“Washyourhandsbeforedinner.”MothersaidtoTom.Mother_______________________________.2.非賓語(yǔ)從句的間接引語(yǔ)(2)

toldTomtowashhishand…askedMissGreentogive…3.賓語(yǔ)從句難點(diǎn)：（1）時(shí)態(tài)1）主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)。2）主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句必須用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)→一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)3）引述的句子為客觀真理時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不改變。"Theearthgoesroundthesun."Theteachersaidtous.

Theteachertoldus_____________________________________.thattheearthgoesroundthesunHesaidhe________withusifhe_______free.A.Wouldgo,wouldbeB.willgo,isC.willgo,willbeD.wouldgo,wasNobodynoticedwhattheyoungman_______atthemoment.A.willdoB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.haddone–HowdidMr.BlakelikeBeijing?-Hesaidhe_________suchabeautifulcitybefore.A.doesn'tvisitB.didn'tvisitC.hasn'tvisitedD.hadn'tvisitedD

B

D3.賓語(yǔ)從句難點(diǎn)：（2）語(yǔ)序3)“WhichChristmascarddoyoulike?”

1)“WhenwillyougotoJapanwithyourfamily?”

2)“Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkornot?”4)“WheredidyouspendyourChristmasholiday?”

Kellyaskedmesomequestions.whenIwouldgo…withmyfamily.IfIhadfinishedmyhomeworkornot.WhichChristmascardIlikedwhereIspentmyChristmas…3.賓語(yǔ)從句難點(diǎn)：（3）連接詞的選擇1）–Whatdidyousaytoyourmotherjustnow?-Iaskedher_______shecookedfordinner.thatB.ifC.whatD.how2）--Doyouknow______Icouldpasstheexam?--Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.whichask,wonder,wanttoknow,don’tknow,don’tunderstand,notsure,doyouknow,canyoutellme,canyoumakesure表示不確定/不肯定的詞后不能跟陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句。CB

3）–Doyouknow______dotohelpmyfriend?whatIcanB.whatcanIC.howIcanD.howcanI4）--Idon’tknow______withthisproblem.Itistoodifficult.--YoucanaskMr.Smithforhelp.whichtodoB.whentodoC.whattodoD.howtodo5）--I’mafraidthatnooneknows______.whenwillthegamestartwherehasourteachergonewhowillwinthematch考慮句子中疑問詞是充當(dāng)什么成分，考慮句子中缺什么成分。AC

C

突破練習(xí)二:（1）中考鏈接之選擇題

1、----Doyoustillremember_____?(1996)----No,I’msorry.A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay2、----Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?----Weareallinterestedin________(1997).A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.howeggfriesD.howdoeseggfry3、Didyoufindout________?(1998)A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildwassheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor4、Areyouinterestedin________?(1999)A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdiditADCB

5、Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?（2000）A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare6、----Whatdidthescientistsay?（2001）----Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly7、Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme_____?(2002)A.whereisthebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere8、----Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.(2004)A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchooseDBCB9、----Canyoumakesure__________?----Sorry,Ican’t.ButIdidseeherjustnow.(2005)A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego10、Haveyoudecided__________Canada?A.whenyouwillleaveB.whenwillyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.ifwhenyouwillleave11.----We’regoingtoflytoParis.Howaboutyou?(2007)----Wehaven’tdecided_____ourChristmasholidays.A.whereweshouldspendB.thatweshouldspendC.whereshouldwespendD.whenweshouldspend12.----Ihearwe’llhaveanewforeignteachersoon.Doyouknowwhen_____?----Sorry,Ihavenoidea.(2008)A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.ishecomingD.hewascomingCAAA突破練習(xí)二：（2）中考鏈接之完成句子1.妹妹問我是否可以在回家的路上給她買些面包。（2008）Mysisteraskedme_______________________________somebreadforheronmywayhome.if/whetherIcouldbuy突破練習(xí)二：（3）中考鏈接之句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Shesaidtome,“Don’twritetheletterwithapencil.”(2006)Shetoldme________________________________withapencil.2.Samaskedme,“Didyouoftenrideabikefromplacetoplacewhenyouwereatschool?”(2005)Samaskedme____________________________fromplacetoplacewhen__________________atschool.3.Mr.Brownsaid,“Don’tmakesuchamistakeagain,Margaret.”(2004)Mr.BrowntoldMargaret________________________.nottowritetheletterif/whetherIoftenrodeabikeIwasnottomakesuchamistakeagain第三部分：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Tom___________(speak)Englisheveryday.2.I__________(clean)thewindowsyesterday.3.We___________(plant)moretreesnextyear.4.We__________________________thebooksontime.5.She______________(learn)sixsongssince2003.speakscleanedwillplantmustreturnhaslearnedEnglishisspokenby

Tomeveryday.Thewindowswerecleanedby

meyesterday.Moretreeswillbeplantedby

usnextyear.ThebooksSixsongsmustbereturnedhavebeenlearnedby

usby

herOntime.since2003.1.Icleanedthewindowsyesterday.Thewindowswerecleanedby

meyesterday.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法：1.把賓語(yǔ)提于句首作主語(yǔ)；2.根據(jù)不同時(shí)態(tài)，把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e＋V.p.p.”的相應(yīng)形式；3.原句中的主語(yǔ)改為“by+賓語(yǔ)”（有時(shí)可省略）歌訣是:賓變主，主變賓，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be+“過分”

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)v.原形v.+s/es(第三人稱單數(shù))v.過去式will+v.原形have/has+V.p.p.am/is/are+V.p.p.was/were+V.p.p.will+be+V.p.p.can/may/must+V.原形can/may/must+be+V.p.p.have/has+been+V.p.p.be(am/is/are/was/were/been)+V.p.p.1.

TheygaveLucysomeflowers.Lucy____________________________bythem.Someflowers____________________bythem.2.Icanmakethecow______(go).Thecow__________________________.3.Anaccident_________nearourschoolyesterday.A.hadhappenedB.washappenedC.happenedwasgivensomeflowersweregiventoLucy注意1：含有雙賓語(yǔ)(人/物)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí):-人+be+v.p.p.+物-物+be+v.p.p.+人注意2：make,have，let；help,see,watch,hear，feel等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中省去to，但改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后都加上to.

gocanbetogoC注意3：一些動(dòng)詞只有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。中考?？嫉脑~有:happen=takeplace(發(fā)生),sellwell(賣得好),writewell(寫得好)，

belongto(屬于)等。

madeto+4.

TheylookedafterTomwell.Tom_______________________bythem.5.Theytakecareoftheflowers.Theflowers_____________________bythem.waslookedafter注意4：當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為短語(yǔ)時(shí),不能丟掉詞組末尾的介詞-或副詞，如handin,takecareof等。well

are

takencareof

1.

TheygaveLucysomeflowers.Lucy____________________________bythem.Someflowers____________________bythem.2.Icanmakethecow______(go).thecow__________________________.3.Anaccident_________nearourschoolyesterday.A.hadhappenedB.washappenedC.happened4.TheylookedafterTomwell.Tom_______________________bythem.wasgivensomeflowersweregiven

toLucygocanbemadetogoCwaslookedafterwell突破練習(xí)三：（1）中考鏈接之選擇題()1.Thisclassroom______everydaybythestudentsonduty.(1996)A.iscleanB.cleanC.iscleanedD.cleaned()2.----Whyistheirclassroomsocleanandtidy?(1997)----Becauseit______everyday.A.iscleanedB.cleansC.iscleaningD.isclean()3.----Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?(1997)----Weareallinterestedin______.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.howeggfriesD.howdoeseggfry()4.Thelightintheroom______beforeyouleave.(1998)A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.areturnedoffD.mustbeturnedoff()5.Football______allovertheworld.(1999)A.isplayingB.playC.playsD.isplayedCAADD

6.Manymorehouses__forteacherssincelastyear.(2000)A.arebuildingB.builtC.havebuiltD.havebeenbuilt7.Themanwholivedaloneonthatislandthoughthe____never______.(2001)A.will,findB.would,befoundC.is,foundD.had,beenfound

8.

Nooneknowshowthehugerocks___and___withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsago.(2001)A.werecut,movedB.werecut,moveC.arecut,movedD.arecut,moving

9.Don’tworry.Allthechildren____bythenurse..(2002)A.arewelltakencareofB.takegoodcareC.takegoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare

DBAA

10.Mr.Johnson’sstory____byeveryonewhoheardit.(2003)A.laughedatB.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat

11.

Attheendofthemeeting,MissGreen_____twominutestodecidewhethersheshouldjointheprojectornot.(2004)A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wasgivenD.wasgivingDC

()12.Aneighbourhelpedtokeepourdog.It______whilewewereonholiday.(2005)A.wastakencareB.tookcareofC.istakencareofD.wastakencareof()13.Asusual,Meihua_______at6:30thismorningbyhermothertogetreadyforschool.(2006)A.haswokenupB.wokeupC.wakesupD.waswokenup()14.Ithinkthatbicycle_______forthistrip.Itwillbefunandgoodforourhealth.(2007)A.shoulduseB.willuseC.shouldbeusedD.willbeabletouseDDC突破練習(xí)三：（2）中考鏈接之完成句子

1.這些花必須天天澆水，否則就會(huì)枯死。（2008）Alltheseflowers________________________everyday,ortheywilldie.2.去年我們學(xué)校建了一個(gè)新的游泳池。（2009）Anewswimmingpool___________________inourschoollastyear.mustbewateredwasbuilt第四部分：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具體解釋略突破練習(xí)四：（1）中考鏈接

之選擇題(2009-2001)(2009)()1.MrGreenwantstotravelaroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys______newplaces.A.toseeB.seeingC.seesD.see(2008)()2.FromthattimeonMarypractised_______thepianoeveryday.A.playsB.playingC.playedD.toplay(2007)()3.Thefinalexamsarecoming.IthinkyoushouldaskyourcousinTim______you.A.tohelpB.helpsC.helpD.helpedBBA(2006)()4.----Wouldyoumind______measweater?Ifeelalittlecold.----Ofcoursenot.I’llgoandgetitrightnow.A.togetB.getC.gettingD.willget(2005)()5.Mygrandfatherwants______aroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys_____newplaces.A.travelling;seeingB.totravel;toseeC.totravel;seeingD.travelling;tosee(2004)()6.Martinlookssowell.We’veneverseenhim___sowell.A.islookedB.islookingC.tolookD.lookCCD(2003)()7.YesterdayafternoonMrsGreentoldtheboys____footballintheclassroom.A.didn’tplayB.tonotplayC.notplayD.nottoplay(2002)()8.Hi,Tom!Canyoutellmewhen______forLondon?A.leavingB.leavesC.toleaveD.areyouleaving(2001)()9.Lookatthesignonthewall!Stop______photographs,please.A.totakeB.takingC.takeD.nottaking()10.Y