$3$1 光隔離器及其它微光學器件課件

光隔離器OpticalIsolator

光環(huán)行器OpticalCirculator

光梳狀濾波器OpticalInterleaver——磁光晶體、雙折射晶體的應用——蔡志崗光電材料與技術國家重點實驗室中山大學激光與光譜學研究所11/28/20221Faraday磁光效應11/28/20222線偏振光變成橢圓偏振光11/28/20223Faraday效應光路圖Ingoingthroughaslabofmagneticmaterial,alinearly-polarizedbeamoflightwithitsE-fieldalongtheX-axisacquiresacomponentofpolarizationalongY.ThelinesofB-fieldshownwithinthemediumrepresenteitheranexternally-appliedmagneticfieldortheintrinsicmagnetizationofthemedium.11/28/20225Faraday效應Theeffectisalsoobservedatobliqueincidence.Shownhereisap-polarizedincidentbeam,whichacquiresas-componentupontransmissionthroughthemagneticmedium.(Iftheincidentbeamweres-polarized,themagneto-opticallyinducedpolarizationwouldhavebeeninthep-direction.)Ingeneral,uponreversingtheB-fieldfrom+Zto–Zdirection,themagneto-opticallyinducedcomponentofpolarizationchangessign.

11/28/20226正入射The20mm-thickslab(e

=

5.5,e′

=

0.01i)ismagnetizedalongtheZ-axis.11/28/20227P偏振斜入射The20mm-thickslab(e

=

5.5,e′

=

0.01i)ismagnetizedalongtheZ-axis.11/28/20228S偏振斜入射The20mm-thickslab(e

=

5.5,e′

=

0.01i)ismagnetizedalongtheZ-axis.11/28/202210FaradaymediuminaFabry-PerotresonatorX-polarizedcomponentY-polarizedcomponentqFis-23o(black)to+63o(white)hFis-32o(black)to+42o(white).11/28/202212LongitudinalgeometriesexzInthelongitudinalcaseatnormalincidencenopolarizationrotationoccurs,buttheeffectbeginstoshowupwithanincreasingangleofincidence.11/28/202214TransversegeometriesThetransverseeffectisverydifferentfrombothpolarandlongitudinaleffects.Withs-polarizedincidentlight,wheretheopticalE-fieldisparalleltothedirectionoftheB-fieldintheslab,thereisnoMOeffectwhatsoever,butforp-polarizedlightthemediumexhibitsaneffectiverefractiveindexn

=

[e

+

(e′2/e)]?.Thusinthetransversecaseneithers-norp-polarizedbeamsundergopolarizationrotation,butthemagnitudeofthetransmittedp-lightshowsaweakdependenceonmagnetization,thatis,Tp

=

|tp|2becomesafunctionofthestrengthoftheB-field.qB

=

66.9o11/28/202215實驗裝置測量磁場的分布測量電流磁場強度的關系分別測量兩個偏振的光強測量偏振面的旋轉(zhuǎn)與橢偏度11/28/202216光路安排11/28/202217樣品位置11/28/202218磁場分布Flux-densitydistributionbetweenthepolepiecesfordifferentcoilcurrents.11/28/202220磁場線圈Meanfluxdensitybetweenthepolepiecesasafunctionofthecoilcurrent.11/28/202221Angleofrotationofthepolarization-planeasafunctionofthemeanflux-densityforλ=505nm.11/28/202223Angleofrotationofthepolarization-planeasafunctionofthemeanflux-densityforλ>595nm.11/28/202225Rotationanglevs.magneticfielddependence11/28/202226Magneto-opticalfilms11/28/202227磁光薄膜AnumberofdifferentmaterialshavebeenappliedasindicatorsinMOimaging:cerousnitrate-glycerol,variouseuropiumcompounds(EuS,EuSe)[H.Kirchner,Phys.Lett.26A,651(1968)]andbismuth-substitutedirongarnets[A.A.Polyanskiietal.Sov.Tech.Phys.Lett.15,872(1989)].Today,themostpopularindicatoristheferri-magneticBi:YIGfilmwithin-planespontaneousmagnetization.Applicationofaperpendicularmagneticfieldcreatesanout-of-planecomponentofthemagnetizationresponsiblefortheFaradayrotation.Asingle-crystalfilmwithtypicalthicknessofafewmicronscanbegrownbyliquid-phaseepitaxyonagadolinium-gallium-garnet(GGG)substrate.11/28/202228Verdet'sconstantasafunctionofthewavelength11/28/202230電流傳感器11/28/202231Magneto-opticalsetupTheMOindicatorisplacedinthelightbeampathbetweenapolarizerandananalyzercrossedby90degrees.Ifamagneticfieldispresentperpendicularlytothefilm,themagnetizationoftheBi:YIGwillbetiltedoutoftheplane.TheperpendicularcomponentofthemagnetizationwillcauseaFaradayrotationofthelight.Therotationanglewillbesmallwherethemagneticfieldissmall,andlargeinregionsofhighfields.Afterleavingtheanalyzerthelightwillthereforehaveanintensitydistributionthatreflectsthemagnitudeofthefieldintheplaneoftheindicatorfilm.11/28/202232magneto-opticalmicroscope

spatialresolution1micron,fieldresolution1Gausstemporalresolution10ms.11/28/202233磁光顯微鏡在超導中的應用11/28/202234雙向-轉(zhuǎn)角加倍11/28/202235光隔離器11/28/202236光隔離器11/28/202237隔離度11/28/202238雙折射Birefringentcrystals

tComparedtoCalcite,YVO4hasbettertemperaturestabilityandphysicalandmechnicalproperties.Calciteishardtoobtainhighopticalqualitybecauseofitslowsusceptibilitytomoistureandlowhardness.tComparedtoRutile(TiO2)whichexhibitstoohighhardness,YVO4iseasiertobehandledforopticalsurfaceprocessingthatgreatlyreducescostoffabrication,especiallyforbatchproduction.tComparedtoLiNbO3,althoughtheyhavesimilarmechanicalandphysicalproperties,YVO4hasmorethanthreetimeslargerbirefringence,thatmakesyourdesignmorecompact.11/28/202239YVO4Crystals

TransparencyRange

hightransmittancefrom0.4to5mm

TransparencyCurveofYVO4(Thickness=1mm)

CrystalSymmetry

ZirconTetragonal,spacegroupD4hCrystalCell

a=b=7.12Å;c=6.29?Density:4.22g/cm3HygroscopicSusceptibility:Non-hygroscopicThermalExpansionCoefficient

aa=4.43x10-6/K;ac=11.37x10-6/KThermalConductivityCoefficient

ïïC:5.23W/m/K;^C:5.10W/m/KCrystalClass:Positiveuniaxialwithno=na=nb,ne=ncRefractiveIndices,Birefringence(Dn=ne-no)andWalk-offAngleat45o(r):

no=1.

9929,ne=2.2154,Dn=0.2225,r=6.04oº:at0.63mm

no=1.9500,ne=2.1554,Dn=0.2054,r=5.72o

º:at1.30mm

no=1.9447,ne=2.1486,Dn=0.2039,r=5.69o

º:at1.55mmSellmeierEquation(linmm):

no2=3.77834+0.069736/(l2-0.04724)-0.0108133l2

no2=4.59905+0.110534/(l2-0.04813)-0.0122676l2ThermalOpticalCoefficient:dna/dT=8.5x10-6/K;dnc/dT=3.0x10-6/K11/28/202240TransparencyCurveofa-BBO11/28/202241TransparencyCurveofCalcite

11/28/202242Glan-Taylor

Polarizer偏振器WavelengthRange:

190-3500nm(a-BBO),

350-2300nm(Calcite),

450-5000nm(YVO4)

SurfaceQuality:20-10scratchanddig

DimensionsTolerance:±0.1mm

BeamDeviation:<3arcminutes

Coating:SinglelayerMgF2onInputandoutputsurface

Housing:BlackAnodizedAluminum11/28/202243Glan-Laser

Polarizer

偏振器WavelengthRange:

190-3500nm(a-BBO),

350-2300nm(Calcite),

SurfaceQuality:20-10ScratchandDig

DimensionsTolerance:±0.1mm

BeamDeviation:<3arcminutes

TransmissionWavefrontDistortion:

<l/4@632.8nmfora-BBO

<l/2@632.8nmforCalcite

EscapeWindow:Double

Coating:SingleLayerMgF2onInputandOutputSurface

DamageThreshold:>1GW/cm2at1064nmfora-BBO

Housing:BlackAnodizedAluminum11/28/202244Glan-Thompson

Polarizer

偏振器Material:Calcite

WavelengthRange:350-2300nm

SurfaceQuality:60-40scratchanddig

DimensionsTolerance:±0.1mm

BeamDeviation:<3arcminutes

Coating:SinglelayerMgF2ARCoating@633nm

Housing:BlackAnodizedAluminum11/28/202245Wollastom

Polarizer偏振器Material:Calcite

WavelengthRange:350-2300nm

SurfaceQuality:60-40scratchanddig

DimensionsTolerance:±0.1mm

Coating:SinglelayerMgF2ARCoating@633nm

Housing:BlackAnodizedAluminum11/28/202246Rochon

Polarizer偏振器Material:a-BBO

WavelengthRange:190-3500nm

ExtinctionRatio:<10-6

Parallelism:<1'

SurfaceQuality:20-10ScratchandDig

TransmissionWavefrontDistortion:<l/4@632.8nm

Coating:SingleLayerSiO2onInputandOutputSurface

DamageThreshold:>500MW/cm2at1064nm11/28/202247窄帶偏振分離器Material:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

SurfaceQuality:60-40scratchanddig

BeamDeviation:3arcminutes

ExtinctionRatio:>100:1

PrincipalTransmittance:Tp>99%andTs<1%

PrincipalReflectance:Rs>95%andRp<5%

Coatings:

Polarizationbeamsplittercoating:onhypotenuse

ARcoating:R<0.25%perfacefor4faces11/28/202248窄帶分束器Material:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

Flatness:l/4@632.8nm

SurfaceQuality:60/40scratchanddig

T/R:

50/50±5%fornatruallight

T=(Ts+Tp)/2,R=(Rs+Rp)/2

BeamDeviation:<3arcminutes

Coatings:

Singlewavelengthpartialreflectance:onhypotenuseface

"V"AR-coatings:onallinputandoutputface11/28/202249LaserLinePolarizationBeamsplitterCoatings(LPS)11/28/202250偏振無關窄帶

分束器Material:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

SurfaceQuality:60-40scratchanddig

BeamDeviation:3arcminutes

PrincipalTransmittance:Tp=Ts=50%±5%

PrincipalReflectance:Rs=Rp=50%±5%

Coatings:

Non-Polarizationbeamsplittercoating:onhypotenuse

ARcoating:R<0.25%perfacefor4faces11/28/202251窄帶BeamspitterPlateMaterial:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

ThicknessTolerance:±0.2mm

Flatness:

l/4@632.8nmper25mm

SurfaceQuality:60/40scratchanddig

Parallelism:1arcminute

T/R:

50/50±5%,fornatruallight

T=(Ts+Tp)/2,R=(Rs+Rp)/2

Coatings:(Incidenceangle:45degree)

S1:Singlewavelengthpartialreflectance

S2:"V"AR-coatings11/28/202252寬帶BeamspitterPlateMaterial:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

ThicknessTolerance:±0.2mm

Flatness:

l/4@632.8nmper25mm

SurfaceQuality:60/40scratchanddig

Parallelism:1arcminute

T/R:

50/50±5%,fornatruallight

T=(Ts+Tp)/2,R=(Rs+Rp)/2

Coatings:(Incidenceangle:45degree)

S1:Broadbandpartialreflectance

S2:BBAR-coatings11/28/202253寬帶偏振分離器Material:SF2OpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

SurfaceQuality:60-40

BeamDeviation:3arcminutes

PrincipalTransmittance:Tp>99%andTs<1%

PrincipalReflectance:Rs>95%andRp<5%

Coating:

BBARcoating:onallinputandoutputface

Broadbandpolarizationbeamsplittercoating:onhypotenuse11/28/202254寬帶分束器Material:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

Flatness:

l/4@632.8nm

SurfaceQuality:60/40scratchanddig

T/R:

50/50±5%

T=(Ts+Tp)/2,R=(Rs+Rp)/2

BeamDeviation:<3arcminutes

Coatings:

Broadbandpartialreflectance:onhypotenuseface

BBAR-coatings:onallinputandoutputface11/28/202255偏振無關寬帶

分束器Material:BK7GradeAOpticalGlass

DimensionTolerance:±0.2mm

SurfaceQuality:60-40scratchanddig

BeamDeviation:3arcminutes

PrincipalTransmittance:Tp=Ts=45%±5%

PrincipalReflectance:Rs=Rp=45%±5%

Coatings:

BBARcoating:onallinputandoutputface

BroadbandNon-polarizationbeamsplittercoatingonhypotenuse11/28/202256BroadbandPolarizationBeamsplitterCoatings(BPS)11/28/202257DichroicBeamsplittersMirrors(DBS)11/28/202258偏振分離器11/28/202259光隔離器11/28/202260BirefringentMicro-Wedges11/28/202261楔形雙折射晶體偏振分束器11/28/202262偏振無關型光隔離器Wedge型偏振無關型光隔離器結構11/28/202263偏振無關型光隔離器結構二11/28/202264偏振無關型光隔離器結構三11/28/202265BirefringentWedgesforFiber-OpticIsolatorsSpecifications

MaterialYVO4,LiNbO3CrystalAperture1.0×1.0mm2to2.0×2.0mm2DimensionTolerance±0.03mmWedgeAngleTolerance±0.1°OpticalAxisOrientation±0.1°Flatnessλ/4@632.8nmSurfaceQuality10/5ARCoatingR<0.2%atspecifiedWavelength11/28/202266楔型晶體標準尺寸CrystalXYZθφAR@YVO4XS=0.5mm2229.5°0°/90°1400～1500nmYVO4XL=0.89mm1.41.411.33°0°/90°1420～1495nmYVO4XS=0.5mm2.02.05°45°1550±40nmYVO4XL=0.5mm1.82.04°52.5°1520～1580nmYVO4XL=0.4mm1.261.268°0°/45°1500～1600nmYVO4XL+XS=2mm2.02.09.7°45°1570±50nmYVO4XL+XS=2mm2.02.018.1°45°1570±50nmLiNbO3XL=05mm1.251.2513°22.5°1550nm11/28/202267華科光電/福建華科光電有限公司（OCLI-CASIX）成立于1992年，現(xiàn)是跨國企業(yè)JDSUniphase的全資子公司，是