人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)與練習(xí)題

一、詞匯拓展(1)turrl?;轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向一turning轉(zhuǎn)彎處(2)cross橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)facrosspref橫.過(guò)；在對(duì)面fcrossingr十字路口enjoy諄受；喜愛(ài)fenjoymentn樂(lè)趣；愉快的事fenjoyablead快樂(lè)的；令人愉快的noise匸噪音；嘈雜聲一noisyadj嘈雜的；吵鬧的fnoisilyad吵鬧地；嘈雜地(5)climbV爬fclimbern攀登者；登山者(6)freead自由的；閑著的；免費(fèi)的ffreedomn自由(7)easyadj容.易的；簡(jiǎn)單的feasilyad容?易地；輕而易舉地(8)quickad快的；迅速的fquicklyadv快地；迅速地二、短語(yǔ)(((((((1)postoffidi^(((((((5)freetim空閑時(shí)間7)tumleft/ri向左右轉(zhuǎn)9)5)freetim空閑時(shí)間7)tumleft/ri向左右轉(zhuǎn)9)goalong沿著走11)goacross橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)13)gettc到達(dá)(6)freshai新鮮空氣(8)tumleft/right在t.■…(地方)(10)godown順著■往下走(12)goshopping去購(gòu)物(14(15(16(17(18同(14(15(16(17(18)spendtime/weekends度過(guò)時(shí)光周末)enjoydoingst喜歡做某事)watchsh/sth,doings觀?看某人某物在做某事)watchsb./sth.dos觀?看某人物做某事(19)walkout走出去；步行外出(19)walkout走出去；步行外出(20)crossthestre橫過(guò)街道=goacrossthestreet方面好，擅長(zhǎng)于=dowellin(地方)遠(yuǎn)(23acrossfrom在對(duì)面(21)begoodat在…)next旁邊；靠近同beside)betweenAandB)next旁邊；靠近同beside)betweenAandB在A與B之間)infronto在.前面)onone's/theleft/r在ght某人的)左邊右邊)onschooldays在學(xué)校上課(29)atthecrossi在十字路口nearhere在附近(24(25(26(27(28(30)nearhere在附近(31)inli在一生中；在生活中intheneighborhood在附近，同nearhereNoproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題；沒(méi)什么；不用謝onthestreet/ro在街路上(35)Excuseme打擾一下(36)onweekends.在周末三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)spend動(dòng)詞，表示“花(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))”spend^onsth(.名詞)“在某事或某物上花費(fèi)金錢(qián)或時(shí)間”spend…(indoingsth?“花費(fèi)金錢(qián)或時(shí)間做某事”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.E.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.pay動(dòng)詞，表示“付錢(qián)；付費(fèi)；付款”(過(guò)去式為pai)dpayfor物+“付錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物”E.g.Hepaidforthebookspay+戔+for+物“付多少錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物”

E.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebookspaysb.somemoneyforsth?cost花“費(fèi)”通常以物作主語(yǔ)，某物花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間或金錢(qián)。takeIttakessb?+間金錢(qián)todosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.四、知識(shí)點(diǎn)enjoyV表示“享受；喜愛(ài)”一enjoyablead表.示“高興的”①enjoysth./sb!歡“某物某人”E.g.Doyouenjoythisbook?enjoydoingsth喜歡“做某事”E.g.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodti表示“玩得高興”E.g.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.做某事很有樂(lè)趣”E.g.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.五、知識(shí)點(diǎn)cross動(dòng)詞表示“橫過(guò)；越過(guò)”=goacrossE.g.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介詞表示“橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)”E.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介詞，表示“(從中間)穿過(guò)”E.g.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示從一定范圍的一邊另一邊，動(dòng)作在物體表面進(jìn)行。E.g.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street六、知識(shí)點(diǎn)see/watch/hearsb.dos表?示“看見(jiàn)觀看聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事”的全過(guò)程see/watch/hearsb.doings表示“看見(jiàn)觀看聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”E.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.oftenhearsomegirlssingintheclassroom.七、知識(shí)點(diǎn)turn轉(zhuǎn)“變，轉(zhuǎn)身”turnleft/r向左/右轉(zhuǎn)含有turn的短語(yǔ)：Turnon/of打開(kāi)/關(guān)閉turnup/down調(diào)高調(diào)低Turn“變，變成”用作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)Thetreesturngreen.(3)用作名詞“順序，輪流”It'sone'sturntosth示.“輪到某人做某事”E.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom—taketurnstodos表示“輪流去做某事”P(pán)leasetaketurnstotellstories.七、知識(shí)點(diǎn)Onthewayto地點(diǎn)表示“去…的路”E.g.Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?注意：home,here,thef是地點(diǎn)副詞，表示到這幾個(gè)地方去的時(shí)候，前面的介詞要省略。八、知識(shí)點(diǎn)Therebe句型1.Therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Therebe+sb./sth?地點(diǎn)表示“在某地有某人或某物”E.g.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.Therebe句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上應(yīng)以后面的第一個(gè)名詞保持一致?！绻竺娴拿~是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is.E.g.Thereissomesaladonthetable.▲如果后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are.E.g.Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.▲如果Therebe句型中有多個(gè)名詞，be動(dòng)詞通常與第一個(gè)名詞保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。E.g.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.Therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句：將be動(dòng)詞提到句首。—Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?肯定回答：Yes,thereis/ar否定回答：No,thereis'nt/aren't.Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加notE.g.ThereisapostofficenearheafFhereisn'tapostofficenearhear?Therebe句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞(組)+be+there其+他E.g.TherearethreepensinmyschoolbUg對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)).—Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有..，.”但有所區(qū)別：①含義不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是“某地有某物人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“存在關(guān)系”；have則表示“某人/某物所有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系”。E.g.ThereisabusinourfactoryO.urfactoryhasabus②句型不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的句型為“Therebe某+物某人+某地”，否定句是把not放在be之后，疑問(wèn)句是把be提到句首；have句型為“某人/某物+have/has某+物/某人”，否定句通常是在have前加don't(has前加doesn',t疑問(wèn)句是在句首加do(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)加does)。g.Thereisn'tacatunderthechair.Shedoesn'thavetwobrothers.③用therei或therear還是用have或has均取決于句子的主語(yǔ)。但thereb句型里有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，be習(xí)慣上和最靠近的那個(gè)在數(shù)上保持一致。g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhavesomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.④當(dāng)表示某物的構(gòu)成和組成部分時(shí)，用therebe和have均可。E.g.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)十、知識(shí)點(diǎn)表示地點(diǎn)方位的主要介詞運(yùn)用under“在下..面”Behind“在后..面”⑶Near“在…?附近”nearhere=intheneighborhoodnext俵示“在?旁邊；靠近；緊挨著”，后接表地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.【辨析】near也表示“在??旁邊”，但與nextt有所區(qū)別：從空間上講，near只表示“在?旁邊；在??附近”而nextt有“緊挨著”之意；也就是說(shuō)nextt比near靠的更近。acrossfrom意為“在的對(duì)面”，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。Weliveacrossfromthestreet.【辨析】between和amongbetween表示“在..中..間”，常與and連接，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)betweenand..，..指.在兩者之間E.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.▲among也表示“在..中..間”，指在三者或三者以上的中間。Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.【辨析】infrontof/inthefro都表示“在?前面”infront指在物體外部的前面Thefront指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Theteacher'sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Herbrothersenjoy__playing__(play)soccerafterclass.．Katespendsmuchtime__speaking__(speak)Englisheverymorning.．Rosecanfindthehotel__easily__(easy)withthehelpofthegirl.．Youshouldturnrightatthesecond__crossing__(c．ross)．Thechildrenlovetowatchmonkeys__climbing__(climb)trees.Myuncleoftenworkslatebecausehehasalotofworkto．do(do)Afterschoolheoftenoes(go)shoppinginthesupermarketDoesyoursisterlikereading(read)inherspareti業(yè)余時(shí)間)?Theyhavefunwalking__(walk)inthepark?Thanks(thank)forhelpingme二、單項(xiàng)選擇(B)1.Youmustrideyourbiketherightsideoftheroad.AmatBmonCminmDfor(A)2.TherearealotofpeopleandcarsonNewStreet.It'sastreetAmbusyBmsmallCmbigDmdirty(D)3.—Peter，arethesepicturesyours?Yes.Ispendtwohourseveryday.(C)4.Idon'thavemuchtimeonschooldays.AmcleanmBeasyCmfreemDcute(A)5.—Walkthisstree，tandturnmYoucanseethesupermarket.Thankyou.Amalong；leftBmalong；theleftCmto；leftDmto；theleft(D)6.Howmuchdoyouthebook?(B)7.—Whois___manwithamonkeyoverthere?一Oh,heismyuncle.Heisacroba雜技演員)?Amthe；aBmthe；anCma；anDma；a(B)8.一Doyouenjoycomputergamesonweekends?一Yes，Ido.A．playB．playingC．toplayD．plays(B)9.Theresomemilkinthebox.A．hasB．isC．a(chǎn)reD．have(A)10.—Paul，isthereapostofficenearourschool?—．It'sjustnexttothesupermarket.A．Yes，thereis．BYes，itisC．No，thereisn't．DYes，theyare(A)11.—What'sinthebox?A．Therearesomeapplesini．tTBheyareapplesC．ItisanapplDe．Thisisanapple(C)12.—Isthereapayphoneintheneighborhood?—Yes，it'sCenterStreettheright.A．from；onB．on；atC．on；onD．on；in(C)13.—DoyouknowthestudentDavidandJack?—Yeah.It'sJim.A．a(chǎn)mongB．inC．betweenD．a(chǎn)round(A)14.thejobin10da，yswehavetoworkdayangnightA．TofinishB．FinishC．FinishingD．Isfinishing(C)15.—Whereisthebank?A．It'sblack．BIt'sinteresti．ngICt'snexttothepa．rkItD'sgreat(C)16.Istherea___nearhe？reIwanttoeatriceandchicken.A．policestation．BParkC．restaurant．Dzoo17.—Isthejuice？_—Yes，youdon'tneedtopayforit.A．free．BhealthyC．delicious．Dcold(B)18.Theworkisnotdifficult.Icanfinishit.19.—Jimalwaystoomuchtimeoncomputergames.—That'stoobad.20.Ienjoyintherivernearmyhouseinsummer.A．swimB．SwimmingC．toswimmingD．toswim21.Iliketowatchmysister.A．todrawB．drawingC．todrawingD．draws(B)22.toschoolontim，eJackieupearlyeverymorningA．Getting；getsB．Toget；getsC．Getting；getD．Toget；get(D)24.Signtellsusthatwehavetoturnleft(B)25.—Arethereanybooksonthedesk?—.ButtherearesomeCDs.A．Yes，thereareB．No，therearen'tC．Yes，theyare．DNo，thereisn't(B)26.—isthepostoffice?—It'snexttothehospital.A．HowB．WhereC．WhatD．When(A)27.Thereasmallpostofficeandsomebookstoresintheschool.A．isB．a(chǎn)reC．a(chǎn)mD．be28.—？—Well，I'mnewhere.Isthereaparkaroundhere?C．HowcanIhelpyouD．Whereareyoufrom29.—Thankyousomuch.A．That'srightB．GoodluckC．NoproblemD．Soundsgrea(B)30.Juststraightandturnright.A.goingB.goC.togoD.goes三、完形填空。從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MynameisDavid.I__16__inabigcitywithmyparents.Myhomeisonthesixth__17__ofatallbuil建筑物)It'sabeautifulbuilding.It__18__14floors.It'sona__19__street.Therearealotofcarsandpeoplethere.Andthestreetisvery__20__，soIdon'tlikeit.Buttherearealotof__21__tohavefun.Wecan__22__gamesinthepark.Andwecantakea__23_inthegarden(花園)?SometimesIreadbooksinthe__24__．It'sreallyquiet.Ienjoyreadingthere.Doyoulikeourne？igIhfboyrohuoodlike，__25__tomyhome.It'sonGreenStreet.(B)16.A.take?Blive?ChaveD?go(C)17.A.street?BparkC?floorD?house(D)18.A.is?BhaveC?areD?has(A)19.A.busyB?newC?oldD?quiet(B)20?A?cleanB．dirty．Cbig．Dgood(C)21?A?gardensB．parksC．placesD．restaurants(D)22?A?makeB．takeC．doD．play(A)23?A?walkB．car．CbusD．bike(C)24?A?bankB．restaurant．Clibrary．Dhotel(A)