新概念英語第二冊筆記-第58課

新概念英語第二冊筆記-第58課Lesson

58

A

blessing

in

disguise【Text】The tiny

village of

Frinley is

said topossess

a

'cursed

tree'.

Because

the

tree

wasmentioned

in

a

newspaper,

the

number

ofvisitors

to

Frinley

has

now

increased.

The

treewas

planted

near

the

church

fifty

years

ago,but

is

only

in

recent

years

that

has

gainedan

evil

reputation.

is

said

that

if

anyonetouches

the

tree,

he

will

have

bad

luck;

if

hepicks

a

leaf,

he

will

die.

Many

villagers

believethat

the

tree

has

already

claimed

a

number

ofvictims.

The

vicar

has

been

asked

to

have

thetree

cut

down,

but

so

far

he

has

refused.

He

haspointed

out

that

the

tree

cut

down,

but

so

farhe

has

refused.

He

has

pointed

out

that

thetree

is

a

useful

source

of

income,

as

touristshave

been

coming

from

parts

of

the

countryto

see

it.

In

spite

of

that

has

been

said,

thetourists

have

been

picking

leaves

and

cuttingtheir

names

on

the

tree-trunk.

So

far,

not

oneof

them

has

been

struck

down

by

suddendeath!【課文翻譯】到過這棵樹，所以現(xiàn)在來弗林利參觀的人越來越多。該樹是50

年前栽在教堂附近的，但只是近幾年才得到了一個壞名聲。據(jù)說，誰要是觸摸了這棵樹，誰就會交上惡運(yùn)；如果誰摘了一片樹葉，誰就會死去。很多村民相信此樹已經(jīng)害了不少人。人們曾請求教區(qū)的牧師叫人把樹砍掉，但他直到現(xiàn)在也沒有同意。他指出，由于人們從全國各地紛紛前來參觀這棵樹，它成了一個有用的財源。盡管有上述種種說法，但游客們還是照常摘樹葉和把他們的名字刻在樹干上。然而到目前為止，還沒有一個人暴死呢！【New

words

and

expressions】bleessi

n 福分，福氣ngdisguis

n 偽裝etiny adj 極小的possesscursedincreaseplantchurchevilreputaclaim

vadjvvnadjnv

擁有可恨的增加種植教堂壞的名聲以…為其后果victim nvicar nsource nincom n

受害者，犧牲品教區(qū)牧師來源收入etrunk n 樹干一．

單詞講解：★

Blessing (single)

神恩，福氣，福分，神的保佑；禱告ask

for

God`s

blessing 求神保佑say

a

blessing 做禱告a

blessing

in

disguise 初看似乎不幸，過后看來卻是幸運(yùn)的事；禍中福。塞翁失馬焉知非福count

one`s

blessing 知足(數(shù)自己的福分）bless v 幸福及成功e

Bless

those

who

are

hungry,

lonely

or 于那 餓，孤獨(dú)或

（用作感嘆e

God

bless 于那 餓，孤獨(dú)或

（用作感嘆e

God

blesse

You`ve

bought

me

a

present

?

Bless

you!★

Disguisen 偽裝wear

a

beard

as

a

disguise 帶個絡(luò)腮胡子來偽裝eg

He

was

in

disguise

,

so

I

couldn`t

recognizehim.

他喬裝打扮過了，所以我沒能辨認(rèn)出來。eg

She

made

no

disguise

of

her

contempt.

她毫不掩飾的表示輕蔑之意。v 偽裝，假扮eg

I

couldn`t

disguise

my

anger.

我無法掩飾自己的憤怒。eg

He

disuised

himself

as

a

woman

for

fun. 他男扮女裝只為了好玩。disguise

one`s

voice 改變說話的強(qiáng)調(diào)，發(fā)假聲音★

Tiny adj 極小的 tiny—tiner—tinestSmall adj 小的little adj 小的（含有可愛之意）mini-(構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞)minibus n 小公共汽車miniskirt n 超短裙minicab n 小的出租車puny adj (貶義)弱小的，瘦小的，發(fā)育不全的，未充分發(fā)揮的eg A

tiny

little

girl

was

singing

very

well

inTV.一個纖小的女孩在電視上唱的很好?！?/p>

possessv 擁有eg

They

possess

three

cars.

他們有三輛小汽車。possess

patience 有耐性possess

courage 有勇氣be

possess

with

sth/be

possess

by

sth

(尤指人的思想）

被…控制，支配She

suddenly

possessed

with

fear.她突然被恐懼的情緒所控制。eg

She

was

suddenly

possessed

by

fear.她突然感到非常的害怕。possession n [u](ownership)

有eg

I`ve

had

possession

of

this

house

for

7years.我擁有這座房子已經(jīng)

7

年了。[c] 財產(chǎn)eg

He

lost

his

possessions in

the

fire.他在大火中喪失所有的財產(chǎn)。be

in

possession

of

sth 擁有某物eg

He

is

in

lawful

possession

of

a

shotgun.possessor n 擁有者（owner）possessed adj (

被強(qiáng)烈的感情，惡魔等

)

纏附的，瘋狂的eg He

studied

like

one

possessed. 他拼命的用功。eg He

fought

like

a

man

possessed. 他進(jìn)行了殊死的戰(zhàn)斗。eg Possession

is

nine

points

of

the

law.

現(xiàn)實占有，敗一勝九（占有或控制某物者打起官司來總占上風(fēng)）★

cursed adj 可恨的，討厭的（常做定語）相當(dāng)于

hateful,

unpleasanta

cursed

person 一個可恨的人curse n 咒罵的話，咒語be

under

a

curse 被咒罵的eg The

witch

laid

a

curse

upon

the

princess.那個巫婆詛咒這個公主。The

witch

laid

the

princess

under

a

curse.v 詛咒eg He

cursed

(at)

his

bad

luck

.他詛咒他的壞運(yùn)氣。eg I

cursed

her

for

spoiling

my

plans.因為她破壞我的計劃所以我詛咒她。★

Increase V

增加Increase

one’s

speed

加速eg The

population

has

increased

greatly.人口急劇的增長。increased

profits 增大的利潤50%的增長v增加，成長權(quán)利等)削減減少

add

to 增加，增加到

50%的增長v增加，成長權(quán)利等)削減減少

add

to 增加，增加到

變少，變小reduce va

wage

increase 工資增加額eg an

increase

of

nearly

50%

over

last

year比去年差不多了50%。a

50%vraise 提高，增加vgrowvenlarge 變大，擴(kuò)大，增vv(decli 大v(ne★

Plant n. 樹木，植物1

n

植物，wilde 野生植物2.garden 花園里的植物2.plants 動植物and

工廠，生產(chǎn) 化工廠a

power 電廠plant3 v 種植，栽種eg We

are

going

to

plant

trees

around

thehouse.

我們打算在房子周圍種滿樹。eg Farmers

should

know

the

time

to

plant.農(nóng)民應(yīng)該知道種植的時間。4 v 布置，安頓，固定eg Policemen

were

planted

along

the

routeof

the

parade.警察被部署在游行的路線上。planter n 種植者或花盆★

Church n 教堂， 禮拜，禮拜儀式，去教堂（church

之前不加

the）Churchgoer n

按時去教堂做禮拜的人Attend

church 去做禮拜At

church

/

in

church

在做禮拜eg Church

begins

at

9

o`clock. 禮拜在

9:00開始。eg They

are

at

church. 他們在做禮拜。as

poor

as

a

church

mouse. 像教堂的老鼠一樣窮，一文不名在

church

之前不加定冠詞

the,類似的短語有：go

to

school 去上學(xué)go

to

university

/go

to

collage 去上大學(xué)be

out

of

hospital 出院be

sent

to

prison 入獄be

at

work 在上班，在工作著★

Evil1.adj

道德敗壞的，

邪惡的an

evil

reputation 一個惡名聲2 adj

令人不快的，壞的，有害的an

evil

smell 難聞的氣味an

evil

temper 壞脾氣evil

weather 惡劣的天氣give

sb

the

evil

eye 惡毒的目光an

evil

tongue 說人壞話的惡習(xí)★

reputation1 [c]

名聲eg He

has

a

good

reputation

as

a

doctor.他是一個名聲很好的醫(yī)生。eg He

has

a

bad

reputation

as

a

doctor.他是一個名聲很差的醫(yī)生。eg She

has

a

reputation

for

generosity.她以慷慨大方而出名。have

a

reputation

for

laziness

以懶惰出名eg He

has

the

reputation

of

being

spiteful.他的壞心眼是出了名的。2 信譽(yù)establish a reputation/build up areputation/make

a

reputation 樹立聲譽(yù)eg He

is

eager

to

win

a

reputation.他渴望獲得聲譽(yù)。eg If

the

fact

is

published

,

will

ruin

yourreputation.要是事實被公開的話，會毀了你的名聲的。live

up

to

one`s

reputation

不負(fù)盛名，行為與聲望相符★

claim1

claim

the 索取保險金claim

the 要求獎賞2 事故，災(zāi)難造成的人員傷亡現(xiàn)象eg The

earthquake

claimed

thousands

ofvictims.地震造成成千上萬的人死亡3 v 聲稱，聲言，斷言claim

to

do… (

某人)聲稱曾經(jīng)...eg He

claimed

to

have

seen

the

Mona

Lisa.他宣稱他曾經(jīng)看過蒙娜麗莎(那幅畫)。claim

that(賓語從句）…eg The

lawyer

claimed

that

the

defendantwas

not

guilty.

那個律師聲稱被告是無罪的。4 n 索賠5 n 權(quán)利，資格eg They

have

no

claim

to

this

property.

他們沒有資格取得這些財產(chǎn)?！?/p>

victim1 n 犧牲者，受害者 （同義詞：sufferer)the

victims

of

a

plane

crash 空難事件的受害者the

victims

of

a

swindler 受騙者eg Those

children

aer

the

sad

victims

oftheir

parents

divorce.那些孩子是父母親離婚的受害者。2 n (祭神的)祭品，犧牲品fall

(a)

victim

to… 成為…的犧牲品eg A

man

like

you

easily

falls

victim

to

thegreed

of

others.像你這樣的人很容易成為別人貪婪的犧牲品。★

vicar

教區(qū)牧師 基督教會priestvicar (

英國國教的

)

教區(qū)牧師 基督教會priestminister

教的牧師的神職人員，牧師，神rector (英國國教的

)牧區(qū)長；

(天主教curate

的)教區(qū)首席神甫black 牧師★

source1 n 河流的發(fā)源地 (starting

point

of

ariver）the

source

of

the

Nile 尼羅河的發(fā)源地eg This

stream

has

its

source

in

Qinghai.這條河起源于青海。2 n 來源，出處a

limited

source

of

income 有限的收入來源news

from

a

reliable

source 來源可靠的消息eg Idleness

is

the

source

of

evil.

(諺) 懶惰是萬惡之源。eg Idleness

is

the

root

of

evil. (諺) 懶惰是萬惡之源。the

source

of

the

trouble 紛爭的原因3 n 消息來源，出處，可靠的根據(jù)historical

source 史料eg I

got

the

news

from

a

reliable

source.

我的消息非?？煽?。a

source

book 原始資料★

income

收入（最通用的詞）eg what`s

your

income? 你的工資怎么樣？eg I

have

an

income

of

200

dollars

a

week.我每周的收入是

200

美元。earned

income 工作所得unearned

income 非工作所得eg My

income

isn`t

enough

to

support

myfamily.我的收入不夠養(yǎng)家糊口。wage n 周薪salary n 月薪bonus n 獎金，紅包★

trunk1 n 樹干eg The

trunk

of

that

fir

is

about

2

metersthick.那顆冷杉的樹干有

2

米那么粗。2 n 軀干eg He

had

a

powerful

trunk.

他身材偉岸。3 n 衣箱eg She

packed

her

trunk.他把衣箱填滿了。4 n 干線，主流the

trunk

of

the

Nile尼羅河的主流trunk

call(英）長途電話

（long

distance

call）二．

Key

structures：被動語態(tài)1 有些動詞置于被動語態(tài)后，可采用兩種形式。這兩種形式在含以上沒有差別，但由于不定式結(jié)構(gòu)更為簡單，所以經(jīng)常用不定式。1）

to-不定式即： be

done

to…2）

that

從句即：

is

said

that…eg People

say

that

he

is

a

genius.

人們說他是天才。eg He

is

said

to

be

a

genius.

他被說是個天才。eg

is

said

that

he

is

a

genius.

據(jù)說他是一個天才。2 當(dāng)一個動詞帶有雙賓語時，兩個賓語中任何一個都可做被動語態(tài)的主語，但間接做主語(指人的賓語)較為常見eg The

manager

offered

the

vacant

post

tohim

.

經(jīng)理把空缺職位給了他。這句話有

2

個賓語，一個是空缺職位，另一個是他。eg He

was

offered

the

vacant

post. 他被給了那個空缺的職位。間接賓語做主語eg The

vacant

post

was

offered

to

him.

空缺職位被給了他。直接賓語做主語。Exercise:

把句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1 She

gave

me

a

pen.I

was

given

a

pen.The

pen

was

given

to

me

.2 People

say

that

there

is

under

theNorth

Sea.

人們說在北海下面有石油。

There

be

句型There

is

said

to

be

under

the

NorthSea.據(jù)說北海下面有石油。把

there

be

句型改為

there

is

said…

is

said

that

there

is

under

the

NorthSea.據(jù)說北海下面有石油。3 They

are

sending

him

abroad.他們正在送他出國。He

is

being

sent

abroad.他正在被他們送出國。Be

being

done

是正在進(jìn)行時的被動形式。4 He

asked

me

to

wait

for

him.他讓我等他。me

是賓語，

后面動詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。這樣留下來。

I

was

asked

to

wait

for

him.

我被要求等他。was/were

done是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)5 The

police

has

found

your

wallet.

警察已經(jīng)找到你的錢包了?，F(xiàn)在完成時Your

wallet

has

been

found

(by

thepolice).你的錢包被警察找打了?，F(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)

has/have been

done三

課文講解The

tinytree'.

cursed village

of

Frinley

is

said

The

tinytree'.is

said

to

possess是個被動語態(tài)，在被動語態(tài)

issaid后面出現(xiàn)不定式

to

possess.這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以換成that從句表達(dá)：

is

said

that

the

tiny

village

of

Frinleypossesses

a

'cursed

tree'.據(jù)說Frinley這個小村莊有一顆受了詛咒的樹

.2. Because

the

tree

was

mentioned

in

anewspaper,

the

number

of

visitors

to

Frinleyhas

now

increased.mentio v 對…說，mentio 對某人eg He

mentioned

to

me

that

he

was

going

tosell

his

car.他對我說他打算把車賣了。eg He

mentioned

to

event,but

didn`t

go

intodetails.他提到過這件事情，但沒有細(xì)說。increase vt (在規(guī)模，數(shù)量和程度上)增加，增長grow (動植物)成長，生長，在表示數(shù)量上增加時，可以代替increaseeg The

number

of

visitors

has

now

increased.游客的人數(shù)增長了The

number

of

visitors

has

now

grown.eg She

has

grown

so

much,

she

is

nearly

as

as

I

am.她長了這么多了，差不多和我一樣高了。the

number

of+(pl.)n …語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式eg

The

number

of

people

who

own

color

TVs

isincreasing

every

year.擁有彩電的人的數(shù)量逐年在增加。主語是the

number

of

people,謂語動詞是isincreasing,留意是單數(shù)形式。a

number

of

+pl.(謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù))，表示許許多多eg

A

number

of

books

have

been

stolen

fromthe

library.The

number

of

stolen

books

is

large.圖書館里很多書被盜了，被盜書的數(shù)量很大。注意2個謂語動詞，當(dāng)主語是a

number

of

books 許多書時，

謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)have

been

stolen；當(dāng)主語是the

number

of

stolen

books

被盜圖書的數(shù)量時，謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式is.3.

The

tree

was

planted

near

the

church

fiftyyears

ago,

but

is

only

in

recent

years

that

has

gained

an

evil

reputation.

is

only

in

recent

years

that

has

gained

anevil

reputation.

is/was

+

被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that從句/who從句，

這是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。中間是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，可以是主語，狀語，賓語等成分。eg

is

yesteday

that

I

saw

you.是昨天我看到你的。Yesterday

是時間狀語，當(dāng)我強(qiáng)調(diào)昨天的時候，把yesterday放在

is…that中間起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。eg

is

Henry

that

was

fined

a

large

sum

ofmoney.是Henry被罰了一大筆錢。Henry

is…that中間。eg

is

cathy

that

I

like

best.我最喜歡的就是Cathy.Cathy在句中做賓語成分，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語時，把賓語放在

is…that中間eg

is

in

a

small

city

that

I

spent

mychildhood.在一個小城市里我度過童年的。In

a

small

city是個地點(diǎn)狀語，對地點(diǎn)狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)也放在

is…that的中間。eg

is

Lesson

59

that

we

will

begin

with.我們將從59課開始。Lesson

59

做with的介詞賓語也放在

is…that中間起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)人的時候的句式是：

is…who獲得知識gain v get,獲得知識gain obtain)gain 獲得寵愛4.

is

siad

that

if

anyone

touches

the

tree,

hewill

have

bad

luck;

if

he

picks

a

leaf,

he

willdie.

is

said

that… 據(jù)說…

is

reported

that… 據(jù)報道…

is

believed

that… 據(jù)相信…

is

eastimated

that… 據(jù)估計…

is

found

that… 據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)…

is

well-known

眾所周知含有被動語態(tài)eg

is

reported

that

President

Bush

isvisiting

Canada

these

days.據(jù)報道

Bush

總統(tǒng)近期正在訪問加拿大。eg

is

estimated

that

there

will

be

half

ofthe

students

tomorrow.據(jù)估計明天只有一半的學(xué)生了。eg

is

said

that

he

was

put

into

prison.據(jù)說他被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄了。eg

is

well-known

that

he

is

innocent.眾所周知他是清白的。pick v 采摘eg She

has

picked

a

of

flowers.她摘了許多花。cut v 砍，切，割eg She

cut

the

apple

into

two.她把蘋果切成2半了。die v 死die

for… 為…戰(zhàn)死die

for

one`s

country 為祖國而死，殉國die

for

one`s

post 為職位而死，殉職die

of/die

from/die

by… 因…而死，后面加原因eg She

died

of

canser.她死于癌癥。eg She

died

of

old

age.她因為年老而死。die

from

overwork因過度勞累而死亡（外因）die

from

wound由于受傷而死亡（外因）die

by

drowning 淹死die

by

fire 燒死die

by

one`s

own

hand 自殺be

dying

for (口)

渴望eg He

was

dying

for

a

drink.他渴望喝點(diǎn)什么東西。die

away (聲音，光線，風(fēng)等)減弱，漸息dead adj 死的，無生命的dead

leaves 枯葉the

dead 死人（指一類人）2 adj 完全的，絕對的a

dead

silence 一片死寂come

to

a

dead

stop 完全停業(yè)3 n 最黑暗，最寒冷的時候in

the

dead

of

night 在深夜in

the

dead

of

winter 在隆冬death n 死亡put

someone

to

death 處死，殺死starved

to

death 餓死deadly adj

致命的，不共戴天的a

deadly

wound 致命的傷口a

deadly

weapon 兇器5. Many

villagers

believe

that

the

tree

hasalready

claimed

a

number

of

victims.claim v

索取某人性命，造a 許多犧牲者6. The

vicar

has

been

asked

to

have

the

treecut

down,

but

so

far

he

has

refused.have+賓語+p.p(過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語) 表示動作不是have的主語完成的，而是別人執(zhí)行的eg You`d

better

have

the

dangerousbuilding

pulled

down.你最好找人把這個危樓推到。eg I

had

my

hair

cut

yesterday.（我昨天理發(fā)了。

（理的)eg I`d

like

to

have

the

package

weighed.eg I

had

my

bike

repaired.我找人把車修了一下。so

far

到目前為止eg He

has

written

three

books

so

far.到目前為止他寫了三本書了。eg I

can

only

help

him

so

far.我能幫他的僅止于此。go

far1 成功eg He

is

hardworking

and

will

go

far.他工作和努力，會成功的。2 (錢，衣物等)經(jīng)用，有價值的（用于否定句）eg A

dollar

doesn`t

go

far

these

days.最近一美元不管用了。go

as

far

as/go

so

far

as

+不定式 竟然eg He

went

so

far

as

to

call

me

an

idiot.他竟然管我叫白癡。7. He

has

pointed

out

that

the

tree

is

a

usufulsource

of

income,

as

tourists

have

beencoming

from

parts

of

country

to

see

it.point v

指eg It`s

rude

to

point.指手畫腳是不禮貌的。eg ‘That`s

the

man

who

did

it,'

she

saidpointing

at

me

.“那事是他干的，”她指著我說。Pointing

at

是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。point

out 指出point

sth

out 使注意某事物point

the

finger(at

sb) 公開指責(zé)某人point

the

way

to

sth/point

the

way

towards

sth指出發(fā)展的可能性tourist n 游客tour n 旅游--ist

后綴，B2302以--ize結(jié)尾的動詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成名詞dramatist n 劇作家，戲曲家publicist n 國際法學(xué)家；評論家--ist

后綴，以--ism結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)合

，“…的信仰者；…主義者；…實行者”have

been

coming 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，“一直…”8. In

spite

of

that

has

been

said,

thetourists

have

been

picking

leaves

and

cuttingtheir

names

on

the

tree-trunk.in

spite

of 盡管，相當(dāng)于

despite(prep)that

has

been

said

定語從句，修飾 (現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)has/have

been

done）have

been

picking/have

been

cutting 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表示不停的重復(fù)做某事9. So

far,

not

one

of

them

has

been

struckdown

by

sudden

death!not

of

相當(dāng)于

none

of 一個都沒有strike

down 將…擊倒stricke--struck—struckeg

Most

people

in

the

town

were

struck

downwith

the

strange

fever.鎮(zhèn)上大多數(shù)人被一種及怪的病魔擊垮了stricke1 n 罷工on

stricke/

go

o