人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit3講解與練習(xí)

人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit3講解與練習(xí)人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit3講解與練習(xí)人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit3講解與練習(xí)資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit3講解與練習(xí)版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionAFew,afew,little,alittleFew幾乎沒有+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Therearefewpeopleintheroom.Little幾乎沒有+不可數(shù)名詞Therewaslittlerainallwinter.Afew少數(shù)，幾個(gè)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Helefthishouseafewminutesago.Alittle一點(diǎn)，少許+不可數(shù)名詞Couldyougivemealittlemilk?【例】Thegirlinpurpleisnewhere,so______peopleknowher.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle2.solvevt.解答，解決Fewstudentscansolvethephysicsblem指客觀存在的等待解決的“問(wèn)題”，著重困難；e.g.:Thestudentsareworkingonamathproblem.question指對(duì)某事懷疑因而提出等待回答的“問(wèn)題”，著重疑惑和不能斷定e.g.:Thestudentsareaskingtheteachersomequestions.3.Foroneweek,shedidn’tdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.“neither+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”表示“也不”。e.g.:Hedoesn’tlikeswimmingandneitherdoI.知識(shí)擴(kuò)展：neither作代詞，意為“（兩者）都不”e.g.:Neitherofmyparentsisathome.neither作形容詞，與名詞單數(shù)連用，意為“（兩者）都不的”e.g.:Neitheranswerisright.neither…nor…意為“既不……也不……”e.g.:Theroomisneitherbignorbright.典型例題：Ican’tplaythepiano,and______.A.neithercanmysisterB.mysistercan’t,too.C.socan’tmysisterD.canmysister,either4.Finally,Icouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt.or連詞意為“也不”，表示并列關(guān)系，常用于否定句，連接并列的詞或短語(yǔ)。e.g.:Hecan’treadorwrite.表示選擇關(guān)系，用于陳述句，意為“或，或者”；用于疑問(wèn)句中，意為“還是”e.g.:Answeryesorno.Isyourbagredorblack?表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意為“否則，要不然”e.g.:Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.5.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.assoonas“一……就……”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句e.g.:Heleftassoonashheardthenews.【辨析】infrontof與inthefrontof區(qū)別infrontof“在……的前面”，是指在一定范圍外e.g.:Mhefrontof“在……的前部”，是指在一定范圍內(nèi)e.g.:Cathyisinthefrontofthecar.7.passvt.傳遞passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.遞給某人某物e.g.:Pleasepassmeatowel.=8.lend,borrow和keep的區(qū)別lendvt.(過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞lent)借給，借出常用短語(yǔ)：lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物延續(xù)性e.g.:JacklenthisbooktoMarylastweek.borrowvt.借，借用常用短語(yǔ)：borrowsb.sth.=borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物非延續(xù)性e.g.:Samborrowedacarfromhisfriend.keepvt.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；保持，保存延續(xù)性e.g.:Marymaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.典型例題：--CanI______yourbike?--Withpleasure.Butyoumustn’t_______ittoothers.lend;borrowB.borrow;lendC.lend;lendD.borrow;borrowSectionBwasten.不可數(shù)浪費(fèi)，廢物，垃圾e.g.:Ihatewaste.固定結(jié)構(gòu)：awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間adj.無(wú)用的，浪費(fèi)的，荒廢的e.g.:Weshouldn’tthrowwastepaperabout.vt.浪費(fèi)e.g.:Peopleshouldn’twastefood.10.四種“花費(fèi)”(1)spendvt.指花費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢或精力；主語(yǔ)為人。結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.spendtime/moneyonsth.=sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.e.g.:Shespent50dollarsontheskirt.(2)payv.指支付、花費(fèi)金錢；主語(yǔ)為人。結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.pay(sb.)money(forsth.)e.g.:Shepaid50,000dollarsforthecar.(3)costv.指花費(fèi)金錢、精力等；主語(yǔ)為物。結(jié)構(gòu)：sth.costs(sb.)money.e.g.:Thehousecostthemalotofmoney.(4)takev.指花費(fèi)時(shí)間。結(jié)構(gòu)：Ittakessb.timetodosth.it為形式主語(yǔ)e.g.:Ividevt.提供，供給結(jié)構(gòu)：providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.為某人提供某物e.g.:Hehastoprovidefoodandclothesforhisfamily.習(xí)語(yǔ)：Italldepends.Thatdepends.視情況而定。12.since連詞自……以后；自……以來(lái)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句e.g.:Itistwoyearssincewevisitedyourmother.由為，既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句e.g.:Sincewedon’thavemoney,wecan’tbuyahouse.13.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.asaresult習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，意為“結(jié)果，因此”e.g.:Asaresult,wehadtochangeourplan.asaresultof由于……,作為……的結(jié)果e.g.:Hewaslateasaresultofsnow.此處fall(fell,fallen)為聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞“進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)；變成”Finallyshefellsilent.【辨析】fallill與beillFallill“生病”一時(shí)動(dòng)作非延續(xù)Hefellilllastweek.Beill“生病”狀態(tài)延續(xù)Hehasbeenillforaweek.Conclusionoftheunit1.dothedishes洗餐具2.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾3.goout出去4.helpout幫助做完某事5.atleast至少6.insurprise驚訝地7.throwdown扔下8.allthetime頻繁，反復(fù)9.spend…on…在……花費(fèi)（時(shí)間或金錢）10.assoonas一……就……11.inorderto為了12.providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.為某人提供某物13.dependon依賴，信賴14.lookafter=takecareof照顧，照看15.getinto進(jìn)入16.asaresult結(jié)果，因此17finishdoingsth.做完某事18.minddoingsth.介意做某事19.learnhowtodosth.學(xué)會(huì)怎樣做某事20.the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)越……就越……【Grammar】--情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could用于有禮貌地提出要求或請(qǐng)求準(zhǔn)許，用于疑問(wèn)句，代替can，在時(shí)間上與can沒有區(qū)別，但語(yǔ)氣要比can委婉、有禮貌?；卮饡r(shí)要用can，不能用could。除此之外，肯定回答還可以用Sure./Certainly./Yes,sure./Noproblem./Withpleasure.等；否定回答還可以用I'mafraidnot.等Couldyoupleaselendmeyourdictionary?Yes,sure.Could的其他用法：(1)could為can的過(guò)去式，表示能力。e.g.:Hesaidthathecouldn’tcome.(2)表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，此時(shí)could與can無(wú)時(shí)間上區(qū)別，但語(yǔ)氣比can緩和，情緒要弱。e.g.:Hecouldn’t/can’tbeoverfifty.(3)表示可能性，指對(duì)將來(lái)、現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去某種可能的推測(cè)。e.g.:Mywifeisinhospital—ourbabycouldarriveatanytime.(4)用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣e.g.:HowIwishIcouldgowithyou!單元練習(xí)一．單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

(

)1.

—Could

you

please

your

room,

Tom?

—

.

A.

cleaning,

No

problem

B.

clean,

Certainly

C.

to

clean,

Of

course

D.

clean,

No

I

couldn’t

(

)2.—Do

you

like

to_______

your

bed?

—No，I

hate

to_______

chores．

A．do；do

B．do；make

C．make；do

D．make；make

(

)3._______

you

tell

me

how

I_______

get

to

the

No．168

Middle

School?

Do；can

B．Can；could

C．Could；can

D．Could；could

(

)4.

Miss

White,

I’m

going

out,

could

you

_______

my

child

for

a

while?

look

for

B.

look

over

C.

look

at

D.

look

after

(

)5.__________

you

like

a

cup

of

tea?

A.

Would

B.

Do

C.

Are

D.

Could

(

)6.

It

is

a

year

of

ox.

My

parents

gave

_____a

nice

toy

ox

on

New

Year’s

Day.

A.

I

B.

me

C.

mine

D.

my

(

)7.

—Meimei

is

_____the

difficult

math

problem.

—

I’m

sure

she’ll

_____.

working

on;

work

it

on

B.

working

out;

work

it

out

C.

working

out;

work

it

on

D.

working

on;

work

it

out

(

)8.

Could

you

_____the

window?

I

feel

a

little

cold.

A.

please

not

open

B.

please

not

to

open

C.

not

please

to

close

D.

please

not

to

close

(

)9.

Many

kids

like

________

very

much,

but

they

are

not

good

for

their

health.

A.singers

B.

chores

C.

snacks

D.watching

TV

(

)10.

—Could

I

use

your

computer,

Dad?

—Sorry,

you

_______.

I’m

going

to

work

on

it.

A.

wouldn’t

B.

can’t

C.

needn’t

D.

don’t

have

to

(

)11.

─

_____

do

you

do

the

dishes?

─

Every

day.

How

soon

B.

How

long

C.

How

often

D.

When

(

)12.

—Could

you

buy

us

_________

drinks?

—Sorry,

I

don’t

have

_____

money.

A.

any;

any

B.

any;

some

C.

some;

some

D.

some;

any

(

)13.

Excuse

me,

Peter.

There’s

something

wrong

with

my

car.

Could

I

______

?

A.

go

for

a

drive

B.

get

a

ride

C.

give

me

a

ride

D.

go

for

a

walk

(

)14.

There

are

still

a

few

hamburgers.

Would

you

like

to

have

______one,

Julia?

A.

the

other

B.

other

C.

others

D.

another

(

)15.

My

dad

tells

me

not

to

________

too

late

in

the

evening.

He

says

it

is

dangerous.

A.

stay

out

B.

grow

up

C.

come

out

D.

get

up

二．完形填空（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）

閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Lisa

is

serious

about

the

chores

in

her

house.

She

gives

her

children

things

that

they

16

do

according

to

their

ages.

She

started

by

asking

John,

the

17

of

her

two

sons,

to

help

with

the

dishes.

It

is

now

an

easy

chore

18

the

15-year-old.

His

13-year-old

brother,

Dave,

now

19

John

tooThey

take

turns

(輪流)washing

the

20

each

week.

The

boys

also

clean

their

study

tables,

make

their

beds

and

21

food

from

the

market

on

Sunday

mornings.

Besides

(除了)

These，the

boys

also

know

how

to

cook

easy

meals

22

their

parents

are

not

at

home.

The

family

of

23

live

in

a

big

house

but

they

do

all

the

housework

themselves.

Lisa

says,

"When

I

was

young,

my

father

wanted

us

to

do

things

on

our

own

and

learn

how

to

24

ourselves.

Now

I’m

doing

it

to

my

kids."John

says,

"Doing

chores

is

25

.

You

can

learn

important

life

skills

and

responsibility

(責(zé)任)."

(

)16.

A.

must

B.

can

C.

may

D.

will

(

)17.

A.

elder

B.

taller

C.

younger

D.

shorter

(

)18.

A.

with

B.

as

C.

for

D.

by

(

)19.

A.

likes

B.

finds

C.

hates

D.

helps

(

)20.

A.

hands

B.

dishes

C.

fruit

D.

clothes

(

)21.

A.

borrow

B.

cook

C.

buy

D.

sell

(

)22.

A.

when

B.

how

C.

what

D.

why

(

)23.

A.

two

B.

three

C.

four

D.

five

(

)24.

A.

work

on

B.live

in

C.look

at

D.

take

care

of

(

)25.

A.

difficult

B.

good

C.

bad

D.

Boring三．補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，其中有兩個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。

(Rose

and

Ann

are

talking

about

chores.)

Rose:

Ann,

could

you

please

get

me

some

water?Ann:

Sure.

26

Rose:

I’m

sweeping

the

floor.

Ann:

Do

you

like

it?

Rose:

27

It’s

too

boring,

but

I

have

to

do

it.

How

about

you?

Ann:

I

hate

sweeping

the

floor,

too,

but

I

like

other

chores.

Rose:

Really?

28

Ann:

I

like

to

make

the

bed

and

water

the

flowes.Rose:

29

Ann:

Yes.

30

And

you?

Rose:

I

agree.

I

often

help

my

mother

do

the

dishes.A.I

think

it’s

relaxing.

B.Do

you

like

doing

the

dishes?

C.

What

do

you

want

to

do?

D.No,

not

really.

E.What

are

you

doing

now?

F.Yes,

it’s

very

interesting.

G.What

chores

do

you

like?

四．閱讀理解

（共10小題；每小題3分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Do

teenagers

in

small

villages

do

chores

at

home

How

about

the

teenagers

in

big

cities

Here

is

a

survey.

We

asked

4,000

teenagers

in

China

several

questions.

Half

of

them

come

from

big

cities

like

Beijing,

Shanghai

and

Guangzhou.The

others

are

from

small

villages.

We

made

a

diagram

of

the

result

of

our

survey.

Let’s

have

a

look

at

it.We

found

out

that

teenagers

from

small

villages

do

more

chores

than

those

from

big

cities.

Maybe

it

is

because

they

live

a

harder

life.

Our

advice

to

parents

in

big

cities

is

that

parents

should

give

their

children

some

chores

to

do.

Doing

chores

teaches

teenagers

to

take

care

of

themselves.

(

)31.

They

surveyed

______

teenagers

from

small

villages.

A.

1,000

B.

2,000

C.

3,000

D.

4,000

(

)32.

There

are

1,000

teenagers

from

the

cities

who

______.

take

out

the

trash

B.

do

the

dishes

C.

make

the

bed

D.

fold

the

clothes

(

)33.

Fewer

than

______

teenagers

in

big

cities

sweep

the

floor

and

make

the

bed.

A.

500

B.

1,000

C.

1,500

D.

2,000

(

)34.

The

number

of

teenagers

______

in

big

cities

is

bigger

than

that

in

small

villages.

A.

making

the

bed

B.

taking

out

the

trash

C.

folding

the

clothes

D.doing

the

dishes

(

)35.

Why

did

they

make

the

survey?

A.

Because

they

don’t

want

teenagers

in

China

to

do

chores

at

home.

B.

Because

they

thought

itwill

help

teenagers

to

take

good

care

of

themselves

to

do

chores

at

home.

C.

Because

they

wanted

to

know

if

teenagers

in

China

do

chores

at

home.

D.Because

they

thought

it’s

not

necessary

for

teenagers

to

look

after

themselves.CAn

exhausted（筋疲力盡的）looking

woman

came

into

the

doctor’s

office.

She

said,

“Doctor,

there

are

a

lot

of

dogs

all

over

my

neighborhood.

They

bark（犬吠）all

day

and

all

night,

and

I

can’t

get

a

good

sleep.”

“I

have

good

news

for

you,”

the

doctor

said,

taking

out

a

small

bottle.

“Here

are

some

new

sleeping

pills（安眠藥）that

work

like

a

dream.

A

few

of

these

and

your

trouble

will

be

over.”

“Great,

thank

you.”

the

woman

was

very

glad

to

go

back

home

with

the

pills.

A

few

weeks

later,

the

woman

came

again,

looked

worse

than

ever.

She

said,

“Doctor,

your

pills

are

not

good

at

all.

I’m

more

tired

than

before.”

“I

don’t

understand

how

that

could

be,”

said

the

doctor,

shaking

his

head,

“Those

are

the

strongest

pills

on

the

market.”

“That

may

be

true,”

answered

the

woman,

“but

I’m

still

up

all

night

running

after

those

dogs

and

when

I

finally

catch

one,

itis

hard

to

get

him

to

eat

the

pills.”

(

)36.

The

woman

came

to

see

the

doctor

because

_____.

her

dog

was

ill

B.

she

was

bitten（被咬）by

dogs

C.

she

couldn’t

sleep

well

D.

her

son

was

ill

(

)37.

The

doctor

gave

some

pills

to

the

woman

for

_____.

the

dogs

B.

herself

C.

her

son

D.

her

neighbors

(

)38.

The

woman

got

_____

in

a

few

weeks.

worse

B.

healthier

`

C.

better

D.

stronger

(

)39.

Which

of

the

following

is

RIGHT?

The

doctor

gave

the

woman

wrong

pills.

B.

The

woman

liked

to

run

with

the

dogs.

C.

The

woman

took

the

pills

but

the

pills

didn’t

work

at

all.

D.

The

woman

might

feel

better

if

she

took

the

pills.

(

)40.

When

he

heard

what

the

woman

said,

the

doctor

might

think

that

_____.

he

gave

the

woman

the

right

pills

B.

the

woman

was

a

very

clever

person

C.

the

woman

was

very

foolish（愚蠢的）

D.

he

should

give

the

woman

the

pills

again

五．單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

A)根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語(yǔ)言通順。

41.I

don’t

think

children

should

d

(依靠)

on

their

parents

too

much.42.

John

often

helps

his

mother

do

c

(家務(wù)),

like

folding

the

clothes

,

taking

out

the

rubbish

or

cleaning

the

living

room.

Alice

h________

(厭惡)to

do

the

dishes,

but

she

likes

sweeping

the

floor.

Playing

computer

games

too

much

is

a

w________(浪費(fèi)