老師-辭典第133天

133(2016/7/5)：第1321頁：possibility,probabilitypossibilityprobabilitypossibilityitmightbethecaseanditmighthappen.相比之下《牛津高階》的解釋則強(qiáng)調(diào)“不太確定的可能性”（…butisnotcertainto）而probability則強(qiáng)調(diào)那種可以用數(shù)值表現(xiàn)出來的可能性，看來probability翻譯成“幾率”更為合aprobabilitythatsomethingwillhappenwhenitislikelytohappenislikelytohappen，而possibility的解釋是mighthappen，看來在表示可能性的時(shí)候，probability的幾率還是要大一些。說起兩個(gè)詞的差異，還有一段無從考證的軼事，1996年關(guān)系緊張，通過公司對(duì)臺(tái)海進(jìn)行判斷，公司在素以預(yù)測(cè)準(zhǔn)確著稱，其中比較準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)是1950年的，當(dāng)時(shí)花費(fèi)高價(jià)請(qǐng)公司預(yù)測(cè)否參戰(zhàn)公司的結(jié)論是一句話中國(guó)將出兵那么1996年關(guān)系是否到達(dá)開戰(zhàn)的邊緣呢？公司的回答很有意思：開戰(zhàn)有possibility，但是沒有possibility用于寫作possibility,記住一個(gè)短語結(jié)構(gòu)Itisbeyondthepossibilitythat，然后在后面加句子就可以了，然后再用Asamatteroffact：Inavirtualworld,itisbeyondthepossibilitythatoneendsupathomeforhisdailylife communication.Asamatteroffact,Internetisdeprivingtheopportunityoflivinganormallifefromthosepeoplewholackself-control.（在虛擬世界內(nèi)，一個(gè)人不可能宅在家homeforhisdailylifewithout communication.（在所有可能性中，最不實(shí)際的是13221323keepsomebodypostkeepsomebodyposted,這個(gè)短語是“使人充分了解”的意思，We'dveryinterestedtoknowyourfirstimpressionsofthetown,andhowyoulikethenewjob-dokeepusposted.（我們很想知道你對(duì)本鎮(zhèn)的初步印象如何,對(duì)新工作覺得怎樣——?jiǎng)?wù)請(qǐng)告訴我們keepuspostedprovideuswiththelatestinformation，如果將post如果涉及和網(wǎng)絡(luò)有關(guān)的寫作體裁，keepsomebodyposted：InternetalwayskeepsusposedonthelatestsocialchangesWithaclickofcomputermouseabulkofup-to-dateinformationisimmediayatourfingertips.（因特網(wǎng)總是能讓我們及時(shí)了解到的社會(huì)變化，只keepuspostedlookforwardtoyourreplyIfyouhaveotherplans,pleasekeepusposted.Icanbereachedatmyofficefrom9:00a.m.to5:30p.m.另一個(gè)值得注意的詞則是posting，和我們?cè)?jīng)學(xué)過的position不同，posting是“駐外工作”的意思，和position不是一個(gè)詞，說Igotaposting和Igotaposition，兩者的意思是完全不同的。1324postponepostpone在詞義上和delay首先，兩個(gè)詞都有延誤的意思，但是postpone一般是postponetheevent，delay則是delay此外，postpone恢復(fù)，而delayyoudonottimmediayorattheplannedorexpectedtime,butyouleaveituntillater),這就是為什么當(dāng)我們說“航班”延誤的時(shí)候，一般是flightdelayed，而很少說flightpostponed.有對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞形式(postponement)indefinitepostponement（無限延遲）做搭配使用。1325Theschoolstrivestotreatpupilsasindividualsandtohelpeachonetoachievetheirfullpotential.在這個(gè)句子里面，fullpotential是“充分發(fā)揮潛能”的意思。TheywereamongthefirstcompaniestoexploitthecommercialpotentialoftheInternet.potentialcommercial和potential夠憑空想出來的了，商業(yè)潛能和市場(chǎng)潛能都可以用potential，前者為commercialpotential，后者為marketpotential。用potential寫和教育有關(guān)的體裁：可以直接用的例句，然后將這個(gè)句子和knowledge,yticalskills,problemsolvingabilities連接在一起，不會(huì)寫就用前面的beyondpossibilitystrengthen,betterItisimportantthattheschoolstrivetotreatpupilsasindividualsandtohelpeachonetoachievetheirfullpotential.Knowledgeisonlyapartofqualityeducation:whatreallymattersistoinstruct,inspireandenlighten.Otherwise,itisbeyondthepossibilitythatstudentspolishtheiryticalskillsandproblemsolvingabilities.1326只將pour理解成“下大雨”是不夠的，和我們?cè)?jīng)講過的overflow類似，該詞可以表達(dá)“信息過用pourin寫環(huán)保話題：Eachyear,hundredsandthousandsoftouristspourintothetourismspots.Thisisablessingforthelocaltourismdevelopment.However,thisalsobringsahostofenvironmentalproblems,particularlyovercrowding,waterpollutionandgarbagedisposal.Ifhandled petently,theseproblemswillaccumulate,andinthelongrun,exertnegativeeffectsuponthesustainabledevelopmentoflocaltourismindustry.（成千上萬的旅游者每年涌入1327：havethepowertodosomethingwithinthepowertodo是havethepowertodosomethingwithinthepowertodo132813291330：practicallypractical,這三頁中有多個(gè)詞和“實(shí)用”有關(guān)，但是大家首先要特別注意practically，和以后要學(xué)到的virtuallycompley）另外兩個(gè)詞，practical和pragmaticarelight,fashionableandpractical.內(nèi)涵為“衣服非常合身，而不僅僅是好看”而pragmatic就沒有這么多內(nèi)涵了，它的強(qiáng)調(diào)了理論的對(duì)立面：實(shí)踐性，因此，如果我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的是事物的實(shí)際狀況、務(wù)實(shí)思想、實(shí)用觀點(diǎn)，一般使用pragmaticideas或者pragmatism.紙；有的人住，英語說得也不錯(cuò)，關(guān)鍵在于怎樣將英文融入到生活和工作中，多用，而不是多學(xué)從應(yīng)試寫作而言，要想以實(shí)用方法應(yīng)對(duì)，而不怕考，則先不要有的想法，系統(tǒng)地將各種話地是非常的。大家，命題者是怎么對(duì)付你和死記硬背的一、20122013例如說，2012中心思想的同學(xué)，最后也因?yàn)檠灾袚?jù)獲得了不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)。而在2013（20109屬于自由發(fā)揮寫作方法寫好了高分寫砸“應(yīng)該說命題的思想非常靈活屬“防背出的題目。二、2012有可能對(duì)酗酒這個(gè)問題看法吧？如果那樣的話alcoholaddiction也未必不是選擇，就看怎么寫了。救藥。那么這些考生都應(yīng)該得多少分呢？?jī)H僅因?yàn)樗麄兊男叛觥⑸畹汝P(guān)系，沒有想到喝酒也能和樂Undeniably,thetwodrunkardsshouldbecondemned,especiallythesecondonethatisstaringatthewinebottleontheground.Heissoaddictedtotheliquorthathehastotallyfallpreytohissins.Inthisway,heiscapableofsatisfyinghisdesires,butwhileheissiphiswhisky,howcanitbepossibleforhimtoshoulderhisresponsibilities?Forexample,canyouimaginethathecan,deaddrunklikeajellyfish,bringhomebreadandbaconorinstructhissonsanddaughtersthatthebestvirtueintheworldistemperance?Andcanyouimaginethathecanresistthetemptationofotherdesires,workingdiligentlyandfulfillotherobligations?Therefore,theseconddrunkardseemstobemoreevilthanthefirstone,notonlybecauseofhisinsatiablegreed,butalsoonaccountofhisexcessiveindulgenceinthedrinks.么可能肩扛起責(zé)任?例如說，你能想象他在半夜喝的爛醉之后，還能養(yǎng)家糊口、教導(dǎo)他的兒子和女兒控制三、2013例如：Thekeencompetitionmakesitlesspossibleforacollegegraduatetolandhimselfawell-paidvacancyinacompany.Foranotherthing,itseemstobechallengingforayoungstertoeithergoingabroadorcarvingouthiscareer,becausewhatrequiresinthetwooptionsisarichfatherorasavingaccount.Bycomparison,formostyoungpeopleborninahouseholdwithaverageannual e,takingpartinthePostgraduateAdmissionTestappearsrationalandrealistic.(80words)是全對(duì)，你又不是nativespeaker,我就這么寫了，你怎么著吧？”如文：Thepicturelsusthatnomatterwhateverwedo,adown-to-earthworkingstyleisreallyimportant,andthereforewehavetoputmoreemphasisonitsrole.Foronething,tomakeourdreamtrue,wehavetoworkhardandsticktoagoal.Foranotherthing,itisnecessarythatwecultivateyticalthinkingandextendprofessionalknowledge.Asaresult,itispossibleforustoboostabilitiesandachieveourgoal,whateveritis,goingabroad,studyingabroad,startingourownbusinessorlookingforagoodjob.（95words）評(píng)點(diǎn)：詞如果由dow--rthwoigtyle變成s-ce,hadork,diligence,pere，依然沿著勵(lì)志方向展開，則全都切題，在延伸句不變的情況下，依然能夠安全完成全段。這種寫法可能有點(diǎn)模版痕跡，你像是補(bǔ)習(xí)班畢業(yè)的，但是它切題而且實(shí)用，屬于談不上好、也談不上20122008272004年的終點(diǎn)起點(diǎn)這四篇文章給了一遍說你沒有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性吧你比較聰明沒有順著題目“抉擇寫而是巧妙的將其轉(zhuǎn)換成“即使有了抉擇也得有腳踏實(shí)地”的然后用勵(lì)志成功的句子結(jié)束全段。說你寫得好吧，基本也談不上有什么華麗的詞句、說你寫得次吧，沒有基本的搭配用法、語法和單詞錯(cuò)誤很鮮明、內(nèi)容較具體規(guī)范整齊沒錯(cuò)題目暗示也兼顧了對(duì)于好好上過課并進(jìn)行過練習(xí)的同學(xué)，這是最現(xiàn)實(shí)、最安全的寫法了。如文：Thefiercesocialcompetitionmakesitbarelypossibleforacollegestudenttofindagood-payingjoborearnhandsomesalaryForonethingmanyofthesestudentsseldomaffordtheirtuitionfee,iftheychoosetostudyabroad.Andstartingabusinessofhisownseemstoincreasinglydifficult,becauseitrequiressomefinancialsupportfromwealthyparents.SothelastoptionistotakepartintheCollegeAdmissionTest,whichdefiniyoccupiesourtimeandenergy.Butevenifwewereadmittedtoacollege,whatwouldhappenaftergraduation?Itappearsequallyimpossibletofindagood-payingjoborearnhandsomesalary.SoIseemtobeoneofthoseconfusedandbewilderedyoungstersinthepictureabove.Weareallthesame,inthetwenties,weseekhappiness,butinvain.(137words)點(diǎn)評(píng)：這個(gè)寫法有點(diǎn)兒“，但可能是考生的心里話，可是就算是真知灼見，也得用簡(jiǎn)單的英文2012findgo-ayigjoborrnhaomealary，筆者略感失望。不過最后一句直接和題目掛鉤，玩了個(gè)同4：如文：Beforetheimplicationofthispictureisinterpreteditisnecessarytoclarifyaquestionthatis,whatdoesoptionmeantoyoungpeople?Inmyview,optionmeanspeople’sdecisionsandchoicesespeciallywhentheymeetawiderangeofopportunitiesItisessentialthatayoungmandemonstratehisdeterminationaudacityandperseveranceHoweverwhatthisyoungmanhastovanquishishisirresolution,cowardi