2021-2022學(xué)年山東省棗莊市高三（第3次）調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2021?2022學(xué)年山東省棗莊市高三（第3次）調(diào)研考試英

語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AThereareabout100beachesaroundtheSydneyHarborandalongthecoast.Ifyoufindithardtopickthebestdestination,herearefourwaitingforyou.FreshwaterBeachFreshwaterBeachisthelocationwheresurfingwasfirstintroducedtoAustraliain1915.Thebeachisonly350meterslongandisapopulardestinationforsurfers.Thebeachisprotectedandthereforeprovidesaquietswimmingexperienceawayfromthehustleandbustleofitsbusyneighboringbeaches.BondiBeachBondiBeach,Australia'smostfamousbeach,ismorethan100meterswideandover3kilometerslong,whichallowsplentyofspaceforthelargenumberoftouristsandlocals.Onasunnyday,everygrainofsandiscoveredwithbodies,withcrowdspouringintonearbybarsandcafes.Parkingnearthebeachisimpossible.Ifsalsotheperfectspottoseeasunsetandthesceneoffamilypartiesduringsummer.ClovellyBeachAsoneofthebestoptionsforsurfingandexploringwhathidesbeneaththewater'ssurface,Clovelly,notedforitsuniquenarrowbaybetweentworockyridges,isapopulardestinationforswimmers.Itsagoodbasewhereyoucancheckoutdivingroutesthroughthewaters,ortakeacoastalwalktoBondi.PalmBeachIt'sthesceneofthelong-runningHomeandAwayTVseriesandendlesscelebrityspotting.Asaltwaterlakeaffordsgreatviews,typicalofbeachesonthenorthsideoftheharbor.Onaniceday,PalmBeachisapostcard-perfectsanddestination.WhatdoFreshwaterBeachandClovellyBeachhaveincommon?Theybothhavefreetrainingservices.Theyarebothsuitableforswimming.Theyareboththebirthplacesofsurfing.Theybothprovideunderwaterexploration.WhatcantouristsdoatBondiBeach?A.Haveasunbathing. B.Holdaliveconcert.C.Parktheircarsatwill. D.Enjoyasunrisewatching.WhereareyoumostlikelytoseeTVshowshooting?A.FreshwaterBeach. B.BondiBeach.C.ClovellyBeach. D.PalmBeach.BGutierrez^lifechangedafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninainthetrash（垃圾）20yearsago.Ithappenedonenightwhenhesawdiscardedbookswhiledrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighborhoods.Itignitedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthetrash.Hetookhomeabout50bookseverymorningafterhisnightshift.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryfbrchildrenfromlow-incomefamilies.Bogota,Colombia'scapital,has19publiclibraries.However,theyarefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisoutofreachforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.GutierreZscommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman'strashcanbeanother'streasure.MIdon'tthinkI'mdoingsomethingsogreat.Thelibraryissimplyabridgebetweenpeoplewhothrowbooksandthosewhohavenoaccesstobooks,"hesaidabouthisremarkableefforts.Today,hislibrary,calledntheStrengthofWords'1,containsover20,000booksandoccupiesmostofhishome.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollection.Thelibraryisopeneveryweekend,whenneighborhoodchildrenpourin."Thewholevalueofthelibraryliesinhelpingkidsstartreading.ThisisimportantforkidsinBogotawheremanyyoungpeoplekilltimeinthestreetsandfallvictimtovicessuchastakingdrugs,"saidGutierrez.Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldn'taffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,heneverletsalackofformaleducationstophimfromreading.MBooksarethegreatestinventionofhumanbeings.There'snothingmorebeautifulthanhavingabookhandy,"Guierrezsaid.Hisjourneytogivingbacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyidentifyingneeds,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ignited1'meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Indicated.B.Satisfied.C.Limited. D.Stimulated.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGuterrez?Caringandhumble.Smartandindependent.Traditionalandself-disciplined.Ambitiousandeasy-going.Whatdoparagraphs2and3mainlytellus?Bogota'smainsocialproblems.Thelibrary'srichvarietyofbooks.ThebadhabitsofBogota'syoungpeople.Thelibrary'ssignificancefortheneighborhood.WhatmessagedoesGutierrez'sstorydeliver?Educationisthekeytosuccess.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.Smallactsofkindnessmakeabigdifference.Booksarethefoodforthehungryofgreatmind.cAgroundbreakingnewstudyfindsthatcoffeebeansarebiggerandmoreplentifulwhenbirdsandbeesteamuptoprotectandpollinate（授粉）coffeeplants.Withoutthesewingedhelpers,sometravelingthousandsofmiles,coffeefarmerswouldseea25%dropincrops,alossofroughly$1,066peracreofcoffee.That*simportantforthe$26billioncoffeeindustry-includingconsumers,farmers,andcorporationswhodependonnature'sunpaidlabor一buttheresearchgoesbeyondthat.ThestudyintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesisthefirsttoshow,usingreal-worldexperimentsat30coffeefarms,thatthecontributionsofnature-inthiscase,beepollinationcombinedwithpest（害蟲(chóng)）controlbybirds——arelargerthantheirindividualcontributions."Untilnow,researchershavetypicallycalculatedthebenefitsofnatureseparately,andthensimplyaddedthemup,whichactuallyunderestimatesthebenefitsbiodiversityprovidestoagricultureandhumanwellbeing/'saysleadexpertAlejandra."Butnatureisaninteractingsystem,fullofimportantsynergies（協(xié)同）.Weshowtheecologicalandeconomicimportanceoftheseinteractionsinoneofthefirstexperimentsinactualfarms.”Fortheexperiment,researchersdealtwithcoffeeplantsacross30farms,excludingbirdsandbeeswithacombinationoflargenetsandsmallbags.Theytestedfourkeysituations:birdactivityalone,beeactivityalone,nobirdorbeeactivityatall,andfinally,anaturalenvironment,wherebeesandbirdswerefreetopollinateandeatinsectslikethecoffeeberryborer,oneofthemostdamagingpestsaffectingcoffeeproductionworldwide.Thecombinedpositiveeffectsofbirdsandbeesonfruitset,fruitweightandfruituniformity—keyfactorsinqualityandprice-weregreaterthantheirindividualeffects,thestudyshows."Birds,bees,andmillionsofotherspeciessupportourlivesandlivelihoods,butfacethreatslikehabitatdestructionandclimatechange,°saysAlejandra.nOneimportantreasonwemeasurethesecontributionsistohelpprotectthemanyspeciesthatwedependon,andsometimestakeforgranted."Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?Waystoincreasecoffeeproduction.Wingedhelpers'effectsoncoffeeplants.Factorsaffectingcoffeeplants*pollination.Theimportanceofpestcontroloncoffeeplants.Whichofthefollowingisamajorboosttothecoffeeindustry?A.High-qualityservice. B.Governmentintervention.C.Expandinginvestment. D.Maintainingbiodiversity.Howdidtheresearchersconductthetestsaccordingtoparagraph5?Byintroducingaconcept.Bymakingcomparisons.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.Byreferringtoapreviousstudy.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?Advertisement. B.Health.C.Science. D.Travel.DWhenelderlypeoplestayactive,theirbrainshavemoreofaclassofproteinsthatenhancestheconnectionsbetweenneurons（神經(jīng)元）tomaintainhealthycognition（認(rèn)知）,aUCSanFranciscostudyhasfound.“Ourworkisthefirstthatuseshumandatatoshowthatsynapseproteinregulation（突觸蛋白質(zhì)調(diào)節(jié)）isrelatedtophysicalactivityandmaydrivethebeneficialcognitiveoutcomeswesee,'*saidKaitlinCasaletto,PhD,anassistantprofessorofneurologyandleadauthoronthestudy.Thebeneficialeffectsofphysicalactivityoncognitionhavebeenshowninmicebuthavebeenmuchhardertodemonstrateinpeople.Theprojecttrackedthelate-lifephysicalactivityofelderlyparticipants,whoalsoagreedtodonatetheirbrainswhentheydied.Maintainingtheintegrityoftheseconnectionsbetweenneuronsmaybevitaltofightingagainstmentaldisorder,sincethesynapseisreallythesitewherecognitionhappens.Physicalactivity—areadilyavailabletool——mayhelpboostthissynapticfunctioning.Casalettofoundthatelderlypeoplewhoremainedactivehadhigherlevelsofproteinsthatfacilitatetheexchangeofinformationbetweenneurons.Thisresultagreedwiththeearlierfindingthatpeoplewhohadmoreoftheseproteinsintheirbrainswhentheydiedwerebetterabletomaintaintheircognitionlateinlife."Itmaybethatphysicalactivitygeneratesaglobalsustainingeffect,supportingthehealthyfunctionofproteinsthatfacilitatesynaptictransmissionthroughoutthebrain,"Casalettosaid.Thebrainsofmostolderadultsstorepoisonousproteinsthatarethemarksofmentalillnesses,andtheproteinscancausesynapsesandneuronstofallapart,"Inolderadultswithhigherlevelsoftheproteinsassociatedwithsynapticintegrity,thiseffectthatleadstomentaldiseasesappearstobeweakened,"shesaid."ThestudyshowsthepotentialimportanceofmaintainingsynaptichealthtosupportthebrainagainstmentaldiseaseslikeAlzheimer's."12.Whathelpselderlypeoplekeepcognitiveabilityaccordingtothestudy?A.Proteinsproducedduringphysicalactivity.Bodytissueswithhealthychemicalsubstances.Acertainconnectionbetweenthebrainregions.Atypeofneuronformedwhilethey'rethinking.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?Mentaldiseasesmayaffectsynaptichealth.LowlevelsofproteinshelptopreventAlzheimer's.Synapticintegritysafeguardsbrainsagainstmentalillnesses.Thebraincanautomaticallybreakdownthepoisonousproteins.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentaresearchresult. B.Togivepracticaladvice.C.Totellaninterestingstory. D.Tosolveanacademicproblem.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?BreakthroughsHaveBeenMadeintheFieldofNeuronsCasalettoMakesAchievementsinStudyingHumanBrainsWaysAreCreatedtoEnsurethePhysicalHealthoftheOldExerciseChangesBrainChemistrytoProtectAgingSynapses二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）LookslikeHankandStefanwerehangingoutatOlivia'slastnight.Whatweretheydoingthere?Wasanyoneelsethere?Whywasn'tIinvited?Dotheynotlikeme?YoumighthaveexperiencedthisemotionwecallFOMO,orthefearofmissingout.⑴PsychologistshavebeenstudyingwhyFOMOhappens,whatharmitdoesandhowwecancopewithit.⑵Thisgoesbacktoourearliestancestorsthatformedcooperativegroupsforsurvival.Atthattime,beingleftalonemeantbeingexposedtogreatdanger.Sohumanshaveevolvedtofeelanxiouswhentheyfindthemselvesleftout.Nowadays,withtheriseofsocialmedia,FOMOhasbecomeanevenbiggerissue,especiallyforyoungpeoplewhoseemtobealwaysonline.Onesurveyhasfoundthat60%ofteensfeelstressediftheylosetrackoftheirfriendsorwhentheyfindouttheirfriendsarehavingfunwithoutthem.Infact,excessive（過(guò)度的）worryingaboutwhatothersaredoingonlycausesteenstoadmireothersblindlyandmissoutontheirownlives.⑶Andconsequently,theteenslosetheirsenseofidentityandstrugglewithlowself-confidence.Researchprovesthereisarealrelationbetweenthetimespentondigitaltechnologyandhigherlevelsofanxiety.ButjustswitchingthephoneoffdoesnoterasethefeelingsthatFOMOcauses.Teensmaystillworrythattheyaremissingout.（4）Thekeyistosetasidespecifictimeeachdaytochecksocialmedia.Bydoingthis,teenswillnotbegluedtotheirscreensandwillbecomemoreproductive.Theycanalsopracticefull-concentration,anexercisewhereapersonlearnstointenselyfocusonsomethingotherthansocialmedia.Whetheritisreadingabook,chattingwithafriend,tryinganewrecipe,orhikingthroughtheforest,thegoaloffull-concentrationisthatteenscompletelyabsorbthemselvesinwhattheyaredoingatthemoment.⑸A.Humanbeingsarehistoricallyasocialspecies.B.Thatanxietyyoufeelcanbeawful,butnotsohopeless.C.InthiswaytherewillbenoroomintheirbrainsforFOMO.D.GenerallypeoplewithlowsocialrankstendtosufferfromFOMO.E.Thatis,FOMOkeepstheirattentionfocusedoutwardinsteadofinward.F.OnepracticalapproachtohandlingFOMOistoscheduletechnologybreaks.G.Encourageteenstorecognizewhattheyseeonlinemaynotactuallybethecase.16.A.AEB.BC.CD.DE.F.FG.G17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共22.5分)RandyhappenedtobewatchingthenewsonTVmonthsago.Thereporterwasinterviewingaman,whose(21)appearedonthescreen.Randynoticedthey(22)thesamelastnameWaites-aratherunusualone.Randyfoundthat(23),wonderingiftherecouldbeany(24).WhenRandy'sdaughtertookacloserlook,she(25)alikenessbetweenthem.Shedidsomesleuthing(調(diào)查)onlineand(26)RandyandEddiehavethesamebiologicalfather!Itwasn'tlongbeforeRandy(27)Eddie,wholivedover500kilometersaway.Eddiewas(28)thattheunlikelystorywastruethemomenthesawRandy'spictures,noticinghowmuchRandylookedliketheirfather.Randyneverknewhisfather,who(29)hismotherandhimwhenhewasababy.Eddie,however,was(30)byhisdadandenjoyedagreatrelationshipwithhim.Thatfactcouldhavecausedproblemsforthetwolong-lostbrothers,butitdidnot!Theyreunitedafter50yearsof(31).

Eddie(32)toRandyonbehalfoftheirdeadfather,butRandyheldnoresentment(怨恨).Hesaid,MIdon*t(33)anyone.EddieandIarebothextremelygratefultohavemadethisunexpected(34)andtohavetheyearsaheadtobebrothers!"Thetwobrothershavereallyprovidedabeautifulexampleofloveand(35)fbrus.21.A.faceB.familyC.nameD.profession22.A.mentionedB.offeredC.confirmedD.shared23.A.curiousB.familiarC.naturalD.complicated24.A.differenceB.connectionC.alternativeD.explanation25.A.treasuredB.suspectedC.detectedD.appreciated26.A.imaginedB.determinedC.recalledD.responded27.A.madefriendswithB.tookpityonC.caughtsightofD.reachedoutto28.A.proudB.convincedC.upsetD.concerned29.A.leftB.contactedC.informedD.ignored30.A.raisedB.adopted.C.influencedD.comforted31.A.absenceB.separationC.adventureD.expectation32.A.talkedB.admittedC.apologizedD.promised33.A.trustB.blameC.forgiveD.punish34.A.discoveryB.encounterC.achievementD.comparison35.A.responsibilityB.cooperationC.acceptanceD.sympathy四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)36.Knownas"MagicoftheEast',,shadowplay(皮影戲)isconsideredtheearlyformofmodemcinemaandcartoon.Thisuniqueart⑴(create)duringtheWestemHanDynastysome2,000yearsago.Shadowplayisakindofdrama⑵theplayersmadeofanimalskinsareprojectedontoawhitescreen.Theplayersaredyedinfivecolorsandmadetransparent(j^^)afterchemical⑶(treat).Sotheshadowshowsdramaticcolorsonthescreen,⑷(add)greatappealtotheplay.Moreinterestingly,everyplayeriscomprisedof11parts:ahead,twobodyparts,twolegs,twoupperarmsandlowerarmsaswellastwohands.⑸(control)throughsticksandstringsbytheperformersbehindthescreen,theplayerscandovariousmovements⑹(vivid).Shadowplaydemandshighperformingskills.Besidesoperatingthreeorfourplayersatatime,performershavetocatchupwiththemusicaswellasspeakorsing⑺(tell)thestory.Hence,itisnot⑻easyjobtobecomeamatureshadowplayperformer.Withthedevelopmentofmodemaudio-visualmedia,shadowplayisnotaspopularasbefore.⑼thankstotheharmoniousapplicationofsomanyartisticfactors-light,screen,music,singingandpuppetry(木偶)，thisartremainsahighly(10)(value)culturalheritageinChineseartfield.五、任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AChristmasTreeforMrsMuellerMrs.Muellerwasournext-doorneighborwhenmysisterLaurelandIweregrowingup.Shemovedhereafterherhusbanddied.Shehadnochildrenandnorelativesthatweknewof.Shewasgentleandkind,andLaurelandIconsideredherourspecialfriend.OneDecember,Mrs.Muellerwasillinhospital.LaurelandIwerebusymakingChristmaspresents,andweponderedwhattomakeforMrsMueller.Wecouldn'tbearseeinghercomehomebeforeChristmastoanemptyhousewithnoholidaydecorations.Thenwelitupontheideaofdecoratingasmalltreethatwouldgreetherwithlightsandcheer.Wewerewonderinghowtocarryoutourplanwhentheanswerappeared.IwasinMissO'Keefe'ssixthgradeclassthatyear,andwedecoratedasmalltreewithpaper-linkchainsandornamentswe'dmadeinartclass.Itwasbeautiful.Bestofall,ithadtoberemovedfromtheclassroombeforeChristmasvacation.MissO'Keefesaidtherewouldbeadrawingfbrthetree.We'deachwriteournameonapieceofpaperandputitintheboxshehadprepared.Onthelastdayofschoolbeforevacation,she'ddrawanamefromthebox,andthatstudentcouldtakethetreehome.Great!ThatwasexactlywhatIwaslongingfor!SoIwrotemyname"HelenWheeler"neatlyonapieceofpaperandfoldeditcarefully.AsIputitintothebox,IwhisperedtoMissO'KeefethatIreallyhopedI'dwinthetreebecausemysisterandIwantedtogiveittoourneighbor.Thoughtherewere30childrenintheclassandeachmightwinthetree,IwassomehowcertainthatIwouldgetitbecauseourcausewasgood:wewantedtomakeMrsMuellerhappy.Thedaybeforevacationfinallyarrived.LaurelandIusuallywalkedtoandfromschool,butthatdayIpersuadedMomtopickusupinhercarafterschoolincaseIreallygotthetree.注意：.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右：.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragragh1:Beforeschoolwasover,MissO'Keefeannounceditwastimeforthedrawing.Paragragh2：ThenexteveningwewelcomedMrsMuellerbackatherdoor.六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）38.假定你是李華，本周是你校的體育周。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)為你校英文廣播站寫(xiě)一篇題為“運(yùn)動(dòng)改變了我”的稿件，介紹你運(yùn)動(dòng)觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變。內(nèi)容包括：.你之前的狀態(tài)；.你的運(yùn)動(dòng)經(jīng)歷；.你的改變。注意：.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。SportsHaveChangedMe答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】1?【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了悉尼港周?chē)脱睾０兜乃膫€(gè)沙灘的情況。根據(jù)第二段中的Thebeachisprotectedandthereforeprovidesaquietswimmingexperienceawayfromthehustleandbustleofitsbusyneighboringbeaches.（海灘受到保護(hù)，因此提供了一個(gè)安靜的游泳體驗(yàn)，遠(yuǎn)離它的繁忙的鄰近海灘的喧囂。）以及倒數(shù)第二段中的Asoneofthebestoptionsfbrsurfingandexploringwhathidesbeneaththewater'ssurface,Clovelly,notedforitsuniquenarrowbaybetweentworockyridges,isapopulardestinationfbrswimmers.（作為沖浪和探索隱藏在水面下的東西的最佳選擇之一，克洛夫利以其兩個(gè)巖石山脊之間獨(dú)特的狹窄海灣而聞名，是游泳者的熱門(mén)目的地。）可知，淡水灘和克洛夫利灘的共同之處是都適合游泳。故選B。.根據(jù)第三段中的BondiBeach,Australia'smostfamousbeach,ismorethan100meterswideandover3kilometerslong,whichallowsplentyofspacefbrthelargenumberoftouristsandlocals.Onasunnyday,everygrainofsandiscoveredwithbodies,withcrowdspouringinlonearbybarsandcafes.（邦迪海灘是澳大利亞最著名的海灘，100多米寬，3公里多長(zhǎng)，為大量的游客和當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┝顺渥愕目臻g。在陽(yáng)光明媚的日子里，每一粒沙子上都是人,人群涌入附近的酒吧和咖啡館。）可知，游客在邦迪海灘可以享受日光浴。故選A。.根據(jù)最后一段中的It'sthesceneofthelong-runningHomeandAwayTVseriesandendlesscelebrilyspoiling.（這是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間播出的電視連續(xù)劇《聚散離合》的場(chǎng)景，也是無(wú)數(shù)名人圍觀的場(chǎng)景。）可知，你最可能在PalmBeach看到電視劇拍攝。故選D。4~7.【答案】D、A、D、C【解析】1?【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Gutidrrez通過(guò)從垃圾堆中收集廢書(shū)的方式建立了一個(gè)社區(qū)圖書(shū)館，幫助農(nóng)村和貧困社區(qū)的孩子們開(kāi)始閱讀，改善了孩子們的生活的故事。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容（20年前，Gutierrez在垃圾桶中發(fā)現(xiàn)了《安娜?卡列尼娜》，從此改變了自己的生活?一天晚上，他開(kāi)著垃圾車(chē)經(jīng)過(guò)富人區(qū)，看到了被丟棄的書(shū)。這點(diǎn)燃了他開(kāi)始從垃圾中拯救書(shū)籍的愿望。每天上完夜班，他帶回家的書(shū)大約有50本。最后，他把自己的藏書(shū)變成了一個(gè)社區(qū)圖書(shū)館，供低收入家庭的孩子們使用。）可知，被丟棄的書(shū)籍使Gutierrez有了收集這些書(shū)的想法，而且他也確實(shí)開(kāi)始從垃圾堆里收集廢書(shū)帶回第12頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)家，此處ignitedhisdesire指點(diǎn)燃或激發(fā)他的欲望。A.indicated表明；B.satisfied使?jié)M意;C.limite限制；D.stimulated激發(fā)。故選D。.根據(jù)第二段中的Bogota,Colombia'scapital,has19publiclibraries.However,theyarefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisoutofreachforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.（哥倫比亞首都波哥大有19個(gè)公共圖書(shū)館。然而，他們遠(yuǎn)離農(nóng)村和貧困社區(qū)。對(duì)于那些努力維持生計(jì)的家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，購(gòu)買(mǎi)新書(shū)是難以承受的。）可知，Gu亞rrez考慮到貧困家庭買(mǎi)不起新書(shū)，孩子沒(méi)有書(shū)可讀，說(shuō)明GulCrrez對(duì)他人的關(guān)心。根據(jù)第二段中的"Idon'tthinkI'mdoingsomethingsogreat.Thelibraryissimplyabridgebetweenpeoplewhothrowbooksandthosewhohavenoaccesstobooks/'hesaidabouthisremarkableefforts.（“我不認(rèn)為我在做什么偉大的事情。圖書(shū)館只是把扔書(shū)的人和沒(méi)辦法接觸到書(shū)的人聯(lián)系起來(lái)的橋梁，”他這樣評(píng)價(jià)自己非凡的努力。）可知，GutCrrez其實(shí)做著偉大的事情，但他自己并不這樣認(rèn)為，說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)謙虛的人。故選Ao.根據(jù)第二段中的Gutierrez'scommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman'strashcanbeanothefstreasure.（Guli6rrez的社區(qū)圖書(shū)館是一個(gè)關(guān)于“一個(gè)人的垃圾可以成為另一個(gè)人的財(cái)富”的真實(shí)例子。）及第三段中的Thewholevalueofthelibraryliesinhelpingkidsstartreading.（圖書(shū)館的全部?jī)r(jià)值在于幫助孩子們開(kāi)始閱讀。）可知，第二段和第三段主要告訴我們圖書(shū)館對(duì)社區(qū)的意義。故選D。.文章主要講述Guti6rrez通過(guò)從垃圾堆中收集廢書(shū)的方式為農(nóng)村和貧困社區(qū)的孩子們建立了一個(gè)社區(qū)圖書(shū)館從而幫助他們開(kāi)始閱讀的故事。及根據(jù)最后一段中的Hisjourneytogivingbacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyidentifyingneeds,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.（他回饋當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的故事是一個(gè)驚人的例子，說(shuō)明我們每個(gè)人都可以通過(guò)識(shí)別需求、投入時(shí)間和找到簡(jiǎn)單的解決方案來(lái)改善我們周?chē)说纳睢＃┛芍?，作者通過(guò)GutiWrrez的故事想傳達(dá)給我們：小的善舉會(huì)帶來(lái)大的不同。故選C。8TL【答案】B、D、B、C【解析】L【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)突破性的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和蜜蜂合作保護(hù)咖啡樹(shù)并為其授粉時(shí)，咖啡豆會(huì)更大、更豐富。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容（如果沒(méi)有這些帶翅膀的幫手，有些需要長(zhǎng)途跋涉數(shù)千英里，咖啡農(nóng)的收成將下降25%,每英畝咖啡的損失約為1066美元。這對(duì)價(jià)值260億美元的咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)很重要一一包括依賴大自然無(wú)償勞動(dòng)的消費(fèi)者、農(nóng)民和企業(yè)一一但研究的范圍不止于此。）可知，新研究關(guān)注的是長(zhǎng)翅膀的幫手對(duì)咖啡樹(shù)的影響。故選B。.根據(jù)第四段中的"Untilnow,researchershavetypicallycalculatedthebenefitsofnatureseparately,andthensimplyaddedthemup,whichactuallyunderestimatesthebenefitsbiodiversityprovidestoagricultureandhumanwellbeing,"saysleadexpertAlejandra.（“至目前為止，研究人員通常單獨(dú)計(jì)算自然的好處，然后簡(jiǎn)單地把它們加起來(lái)，這實(shí)際上低估了生物多樣性對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)和人類(lèi)福祉的好處，”首席專(zhuān)家Alejandra說(shuō)。）可知，維護(hù)生物多樣性是對(duì)咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)的重大推動(dòng)。故選D。.根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容（在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員在30個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)中處理咖啡植物，不包括鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和蜜蜂，同時(shí)使用大網(wǎng)和小袋子。他們測(cè)試了四種關(guān)鍵情況：只有鳥(niǎo)的活動(dòng)，只有蜜蜂的活動(dòng)，沒(méi)有鳥(niǎo)或蜜蜂的活動(dòng)，最后，一個(gè)自然環(huán)境，蜜蜂和鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可以自由授粉和吃昆蟲(chóng)，比如咖啡漿果蛀蟲(chóng)，這是影響全球咖啡生產(chǎn)的最具破壞性的害蟲(chóng)之一。研究顯示，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和蜜蜂對(duì)坐果率、果實(shí)重量和果實(shí)均勻度的綜合積極影響一一這些都是影響質(zhì)量和價(jià)格的關(guān)鍵因素。）可知，研究人員通過(guò)對(duì)比進(jìn)行測(cè)試的。故選B。.根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容（一項(xiàng)突破性的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和蜜蜂合作保護(hù)咖啡樹(shù)并為其授粉時(shí)，咖啡豆會(huì)更大、更豐富。）可知，這是一篇新研究。由此推知，文章也許選自報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版面。故選C。12?15.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】L【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老年人保持活躍時(shí)，他們的大腦中有更多的蛋白質(zhì)，這些蛋白質(zhì)可以增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元之間的連接，以保持健康的認(rèn)知。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容（加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老年人保持活躍時(shí)，他們的大腦中有更多的蛋白質(zhì)，這些蛋白質(zhì)可以增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元之間的連接，以保持健康的認(rèn)知。）可知，研究表明，運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的蛋白質(zhì)有助于老年人保持認(rèn)知能力。故選A。.根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Inolderadultswithhigherlevelsoftheproteinsassociatedwithsynapticintegrity,thiseffectthatleadstomentaldiseasesappearstobeweakened,"shesaid.（在與突觸完整性相關(guān)的蛋白質(zhì)水平較高的老年人中，這種導(dǎo)致精神疾病的影響似乎減弱了，“她說(shuō)。）^0ThestudyshowsthepotentialimportanceofmaintainingsynaptichealthtosupportthebrainagainstmentaldiseaseslikeAlzheimer's.（這項(xiàng)研究顯示了保持突觸健康對(duì)支持大腦對(duì)抗阿爾茨海默氏癥等精神疾病的潛在重要性。）可推知，突觸完整性保護(hù)大腦免受精神疾病的侵害。故選C。.根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容（加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老年人保持活躍時(shí)，他們的大腦中有更多的蛋白質(zhì)，這些蛋白質(zhì)可以增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元之間的連接，以保持健康的認(rèn)知。）及第四段中的Casalettofoundthatelderlypeoplewhoremainedactivehadhigherlevelsofproteinsthatfacilitatetheexchangeofinformationbetweenneurons.（卡薩雷托發(fā)現(xiàn)，保持活躍的老年人體內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)水平較高，這種蛋白質(zhì)有助于神經(jīng)元之間的信息交換。）和文章最后一段中的"Inolderadultswithhigherlevelsoftheproteinsassociatedwithsynapticintegrity,thiseffectthatleadstomentaldiseasesappearstobeweakened,"shesaid."ThestudyshowsthepotentialimportanceofmaintainingsynaptichealthtosupportthebrainagainstmentaldiseaseslikeAlzheimer's."（"在與突觸完整性相關(guān)的蛋白質(zhì)水平較高的老年人中，這種導(dǎo)致精神疾病的影響似乎減弱了，”她說(shuō)?！斑@項(xiàng)研究顯示了保持突觸健康對(duì)支持大腦對(duì)抗阿爾茨海默氏癥等精神疾病的潛在重要性。”）可推知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的是為了呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)研究結(jié)果。故選A。.根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容（加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老年人保持活躍時(shí)，他們的大腦中有更多的蛋白質(zhì)，這些蛋白質(zhì)可以增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元之間的連接，以保持健康的認(rèn)知。）可知，文章主要講述了運(yùn)動(dòng)改變大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)保護(hù)老化的突觸。故選D。16-20.【答案】B、A、E、F、C【解析】L【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文。講述了隨著社交媒體的興起，錯(cuò)失恐懼癥成為了青少年的一個(gè)更大的問(wèn)題，文章分析了原因，給出了解決辦法。根據(jù)上文YoumighthaveexperiencedthisemotionwecallFOMO,orthefearofmissingout.（你可能經(jīng)歷過(guò)這種我們稱(chēng)為FOMO的情緒，或者稱(chēng)為錯(cuò)失恐懼癥。）可知，提到錯(cuò)失恐懼癥；及下文PsychologistshavebeenstudyingwhyFOMOhappens,whatharmitdoesandhowwecancopewithit.（心理學(xué)家一直在研究FOMO發(fā)生的原因、它的危害以及我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)。）可知，心理學(xué)家研究錯(cuò)失恐懼癥的原因和危害，并給出了應(yīng)對(duì)辦法，說(shuō)明措施恐懼癥不是沒(méi)有希望的解決的，因此推斷B項(xiàng)（你感到的焦慮可能是可怕的，但不是那么無(wú)望。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。.根據(jù)下文Thisgoesbacktoourearliestancestorsthatformedcooperativegroupsforsurvival.Atthattime,beingleftalonemeantbeingexposedtogreatdanger.Sohumanshaveevolvedtofeelanxiouswhentheyfindthemselvesleftout.（這可以追溯到我們最早的祖先為了生存而形成的合作群體。在那個(gè)時(shí)候，獨(dú)自一人意味著面臨巨大的危險(xiǎn)。因此，當(dāng)人類(lèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被忽視時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到焦慮。）可知，本段講述錯(cuò)失恐懼癥有歷史淵源，A項(xiàng)中的"historically”與下文呼應(yīng)，因此A項(xiàng)（從歷史上看，人類(lèi)是一個(gè)社會(huì)物種。）符合語(yǔ)境，下文的this指代這件事，下文接著解釋說(shuō)明。故選A。.根據(jù)上文Infact,excessive（過(guò)度的）worryingaboutwhatothersaredoingonlycausesteenstoadmireothersblindlyandmissoutontheirownlives.（事實(shí)上，過(guò)度擔(dān)心別人在做什么只會(huì)導(dǎo)致青少年盲目崇拜別人，錯(cuò)過(guò)自己的生活。）可知，青少年過(guò)度擔(dān)心別人容易忽視自己，也就是說(shuō)錯(cuò)失恐懼癥集中在外部而不是內(nèi)部，E項(xiàng)（也就是說(shuō)，F(xiàn)OMO讓他們的注意力集中在外部而不是內(nèi)部。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。根據(jù)上文ButjustswitchingthephoneoffdoesnoterasethefeelingsthatFOMOcauses.Teensmaystillworrythattheyaremissingout.（但只是關(guān)掉手機(jī)并不能抹去FOMO造成的感覺(jué)。青少年可能仍然擔(dān)心他們錯(cuò)過(guò)了什么。）可知，關(guān)掉手機(jī)不能消除青少年的擔(dān)憂；及下文Thekeyistosetasidespecifictimeeachdaytochecksocialmedia.Bydoingthis,teenswillnotbegluedtotheirscreensandwillbecomemoreproductive.（關(guān)鍵是每天留出特定的時(shí)間查看社交媒體。通過(guò)這樣做，青少年將不會(huì)粘在他們的屏幕上，將變得更有效率。）可知，具體解釋解決辦法，因此推斷空格處講述給出的解決辦法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（處理FOMO的一個(gè)實(shí)用方法是計(jì)劃技術(shù)間歇。）符合語(yǔ)境，承接上文給出解決辦法，引出下文對(duì)這個(gè)辦法的具體解釋。故選F。根據(jù)上文最后段內(nèi)容（他們還可以練習(xí)全神貫注，在這種練習(xí)中，人們學(xué)會(huì)將注意力集中在社交媒體以外的事情上。無(wú)論是閱讀書(shū)籍，與朋友聊天，嘗試新的食譜，還是徒步穿越森林，全神貫注的目的是讓青少年完全沉浸在他們此刻正在做的事情中。）可知，本段講述青少年可以練習(xí)全神貫注在其它事情上，諸如讀書(shū)，與朋友聊天等，這樣做的結(jié)果就是大腦沒(méi)有措施恐懼癥的空間了，因此推斷C項(xiàng)（這樣，他們的大腦就不會(huì)有FOMO的空間。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。21?35.【答案】C、D、A、B、B、B、D、B、A、A、B、C、B、B、C【解析】1?【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。沒(méi)有血緣關(guān)系，但是有同一個(gè)父親的兩人偶然通過(guò)電視聯(lián)系到彼此，并互相接納。句意：記者正在采訪一個(gè)男人，他的名字出現(xiàn)在屏幕上。A.face面部；B.family家庭；C.name名字；D.pro佗ssion職業(yè)。根據(jù)后文thesamelastnameWaites可知，此處是名字出現(xiàn)在了屏幕上。故選C。.句意：蘭迪注意到他們的姓氏都是Waitsz一個(gè)很不尋常的姓氏。A.mentioned提到；B.offered提供；C.confirmed確定；D.shared分享。根據(jù)thesamelastnameWaites可知，他們的姓氏一樣，即共用一個(gè)姓氏。故選D。.句意：蘭迪對(duì)此很好奇，想知道這其中是否有聯(lián)系。A.curious好奇的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.natural自然的；D.complicated復(fù)雜的。蘭迪在電視上看到一個(gè)陌生人與自己有相同的姓氏，對(duì)此感到很好奇。故選A。.句意同上。A.difference不同；B.connection聯(lián)系；C.altemative選擇；D.expkmation解釋。根據(jù)上文的thesamelastnameWailes—aratherunusualone.nf,這個(gè)姓氏很少見(jiàn)，因此蘭迪想知道他們之間是否有什么聯(lián)系。故選B。.句意：蘭迪的女兒仔細(xì)一看，懷疑他們之間有相似之處。A.treasured珍愛(ài)；B.suspected懷疑；C.detected查明；D.appreciated欣賞。根據(jù)后文Shedidsomesleuthing（調(diào)查）online可知，女兒是懷疑兩個(gè)人有相似之處，然后調(diào)查證實(shí)。故選B。.句意：她在網(wǎng)上查了一下，查明了蘭迪和埃迪是同一個(gè)生父。A.imagined想象；B.determined決定，查明；C.recalled回想起；D.responded回應(yīng)。由上文Shedidsomesleuthing（調(diào)查）online可知，此處指在網(wǎng)上查明了他們的關(guān)系。故選B。7,句意：沒(méi)過(guò)多久，蘭迪就聯(lián)系住在500多公里外的埃迪。A.madefriendswith與……交朋友；B.tookpityon同情;C.caughtsightof看到；D.reachedoutto聯(lián)系，接觸。后文說(shuō)到兩人相見(jiàn)可知，此處是聯(lián)系了埃迪。故選D。.句意：埃迪一看到蘭迪的照片就確信這個(gè)不太可能的故事是真的，他注意到蘭迪長(zhǎng)得很像他們的父親。A.proud驕傲的；B.convinced確信的；C.upset失望的；D.concerned擔(dān)憂的。后文說(shuō)蘭迪長(zhǎng)得很像他們的父親，所以此處埃迪相信這個(gè)故事是真的。故選B。.句意：蘭迪從不認(rèn)識(shí)他的父親，他父親在他還是嬰兒的時(shí)候就離開(kāi)了他的母親和他。A.left離開(kāi)；B.contacted聯(lián)系；C.informed通知；D.ignored忽略。蘭迪從不認(rèn)識(shí)他的父親可知，是父親從小就離開(kāi)了蘭迪和母親。故選A。.句意：然而，埃迪是被父親養(yǎng)大的，和他的關(guān)系很好。A.raised舉起，養(yǎng)；B.adopted收養(yǎng)；C.influenced影響；D.comforted使舒適。因?yàn)榘５细赣H，因此是被父親養(yǎng)大的。故選A。.句意：他們?cè)?0年的分離后重聚了。A.absence缺席；B.separation分開(kāi)；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)：D.expectation期待。根據(jù)reunit可知，是分開(kāi)后重聚。故選B。.句意：埃迪代表他們死去的父親向蘭迪道歉，但蘭迪并沒(méi)有怨恨他。A.talked談?wù)?；B.admitted承認(rèn)；C.apologized道歉；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)后文的resentment可知，埃迪怕蘭迪怨恨父親而道歉。故選C。.句意：他說(shuō)：“我不怪任何人。埃迪和我都非常感激這次意外的相遇，并在未來(lái)的歲月里成為兄