Unit4 單元綜合測評 附答案 人教版高中英語必修第一冊

單元綜合測評選擇題部分第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AI’maspeakerandgivehundredsofspeecheseveryyear.Ispokeaboutappreciation(感激)lastmonthandIusedthisquotebyAlbertSchweitzer“Sometimesourlightgoesoutbutisblownagainintoflamebymeetingwithanotherhumanbeing.Eachofusshouldexpressthedeepestthankstothosewhohaverelightedthisinner(內(nèi)心的)light.”Iaskedmyaudiencestoshuttheireyesandthinkaboutsomeonewho，atsometimeintheirlives，hasrelightedtheirinnerlight.ThenIlefttheroominsilenceforseveralminutes.Itwasalwaysameaningfulexperienceastheyrememberedthejoytheyfeltfromanotherperson.Oneday，agentlemancameuptotalkwithmeandthankedmeforcreatinganewawareness(意識)inhim.Hesaidhethoughtofhiseighth-gradehistoryteacherbecauseshewaseveryone’sfavoriteteacherandhadreallymadeadifferenceinalloftheirlives.Severaldayslater，thegentlemanfoundhishistoryteacherandhewrotetoher.Thefollowingweekhereceivedthisletter：DearJohn，Youwillneverknowhowmuchyourlettermeanttome.Iam83yearsold，andIamlivingallaloneinoneroom.Myfriendsareallgone.Myfamily’sgone.Itaught50yearsandyoursisthefirst“thankyou”letterIhaveevergottenfromastudent.SometimesIwonderwhatIdidwithmylife.IwillreadandrereadyourletteruntilthedayIdie.Thegentlemanwassad，“Sheisalwaystheonewetalkaboutwhenwehaveaget-together.Sheiseveryone’sfavoriteteacher—weloveher！Butnoonehadevertoldheruntilshereceivedmyletter...”【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者以“感激”為主題的演講使一位先生對“感激”有了新的認識。作者通過這位先生與他曾經(jīng)的老師的書信往來告訴我們：要及時表達對別人的感激。21.WhydidtheauthoruseAlbertSchweitzer’swordsinhisspeech?A.Todrawtheattentionoftheaudiences.B.ToshowhishonortoAlbertSchweitzer.C.Toshowtheimportanceofappreciation.D.Toprovehumansshouldhelpeachother.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者演講的主題是“感激”，再結(jié)合AlbertSchweitzer的名言的內(nèi)容可以推知，作者通過引用名人名言來強調(diào)“感激”的重要性。]22.Whydidthegentlemancomeuptotheauthor?A.Toaskquestions.B.Tothanktheauthor.C.Totrytofindhishistoryteacher.D.Tointroducehishistoryteachertohim.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句可知，作者的演講使這位先生對“感激”有了新的認識，作者啟發(fā)了他，他因此來感謝作者。]23.Whywasthegentlemansadafterreceivinghisteacher’sletter?A.Noonelovedtheteacher.B.Hemissedhisteacherverymuch.C.Histeacherlostmanylovedones.D.Hedidn’tthankhisteacherintime.答案D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段可知，這位先生為自己沒能盡早向他的老師表示感激而感到傷心。]BEarthquakesstrikesuddenlyatanytimeofthedayornight，butthere’snowaytotellwhen.Ifanearthquakehappens，itmaycausemanydeaths，injuriesanddamage.Soyouneedagoodpreparationaheadoftime.Decidehowandwhereyourfamilywillgettogetherifseparated.Chooseanout-of-statefriendorrelativethatthefamilymemberscancallafterthequaketoreportwheretheyareandhowtheyare.Knowthesafeplacesineachroom：underthestrongtables，desks，oragainstinsidewalls.Keepenoughfood，waterandotherthings，includingaflashlight，aradio，medicinesandclothing.Duringtheearthquake，youshouldkeepaclearheadandneverbetoonervoustoknowwhattodo.Protectyourheadandneckwithyourarms.Ifpossible，takeabook，apilloworanyotherthingstoprotectyourselffromfallingglassandruins.Ifyouareindoors，youmustimmediatelylieunderanystrongfurniture.Ifoutdoors，movetoanopenareaawayfromtrees，buildings，wallsorpowerpoles.Ifyouareinanarrowvalley，movetothecentreofitandlookupforfallingstones.Ifyouareinacar，movetothesideoftheroadandstopthecar.Donotstopnearbuildings，powerlinesoronorunderbridges.Stayinyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.Donotmoveabadlyinjuredpersonunlessheisingreatdangeraftertheearthquake.Donotusethetelephoneimmediatelyunlessthereisaseriousinjuryorfire.Turnonyourradioforinstructionsandnewsreports.Bepreparedforaftershocks.Ifyouwanttoleaveyourhome，postamessageinsideyourhometellingyourfamilymemberswhereyoucanbefound.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了人們在地震前、地震中和地震后應(yīng)該做的事情。24.Toprepareforanearthquake，weshouldmakesureof.A.whenanearthquakemayhappenB.theplacewherewecanfindourfamilyC.howtoreceiveinstructionsandnewsreportsD.themoneywithwhichwecanbuyfoodandwater答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句可知，要提前確定地震后家人會合的地點，故B項正確。]25.Ifwearedrivingwhenanearthquakehappens，weshould.A.findastrongbuildingtohideinB.leavethecarassoonaspossibleC.goondrivingquicklytoleavetheareaD.movetothesideoftheroadandstopthere答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句可知，如果發(fā)生地震時你在開車，要把車開到路邊停下，所以D項正確。]26.Fromthepassage，weknowthatduringanearthquake.A.weshouldkeepcalmandknowwhattodoclearlyB.thetreesandwallscanprotectusifweareoutdoorsC.weshouldprotectourneckswithapilloworabookD.fallingglasscanbeusedtohelpus答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，地震時，要保持頭腦冷靜，不能因為太緊張而不知所措，故正確答案為A項。]27.Afteranearthquake，weshould.A.moveaninjuredpersonquicklyB.usethetelephoneimmediatelyC.turnontheTVtogetnewsreportsD.leaveamessagebeforeleavinghome答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知，地震后，在離開家之前，要留下信息告訴家人去哪里能找到你，故D項正確。]CEverybodyhatesrats.Butintheearthquakecapitalsoftheworld—Japan，LosAngeles，Turkey—ratswillsoonbeman’snewbestfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?Wesendinrescuedogs.Why?Becausetheycansmellpeople.Dogssavelives.Theyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeople.Butdogsarebigandtheycan’tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives：therat.Howdoesitwork?First，theratistrainedtosmellpeople.Whenthishappens，therat’sbraingivesasignal(信號).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whentherat’sbrainactivityjumps，therescuersknowthatsomeoneisalive.Therathassmelledthatperson.Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob，ratsarebetter.ChristianLinsteratCornellUniversity，NewYork，says，“Robots’nosesdon’tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.”Ratscanalsoseeinthedark.Theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs，andunlikerobots，theydon’tneedelectricity!The“ratproject”isnotfinished，butJulieRyanofInternationalRescueCorpsinScotlandsays，“Itwouldbefantastic.Aratcouldgetintospaceswecouldn’tgetto，andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn’tsafe.”Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory，peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding(butonlyafteranearthquake，ofcourse).【語篇解讀】文章介紹了用老鼠來尋找在地震中被困的人的優(yōu)勢。28.Intheworldearthquakecapitals，ratswillbecomeman’sbestfriendsbecausetheycan.A.taketheplaceofman’srescuejobsB.findthepositionofpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsC.serveasfoodforpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsD.getintosmallspaces答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，人們利用老鼠來搜尋地震中的被困人員，因此答案為B。]29.Fromthethirdparagraphweknowtherescuerscanjudgeapersonisaliveby.A.thenoisemadebytheratB.therat’sunusualbehaviourC.thesignalsentbytheradioontherat’sbackD.thesmellgivenoffbytheperson答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenthishappens，therat’sbraingivesasignal(信號).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.”可知答案為C。]30.Afterreadingthepassageweknow.A.atpresentratshavetakentheplaceofdogsinsearchingforpeopleB.the“ratproject”hasbeencompletedC.peoplearenowhappytoseearatinabuildingD.nowpeoplestillusedogsandrobotsinperformingrescues答案D[推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的“The‘ratproject’isnotfinished...”可知A、B兩項錯誤；由文章最后兩句可排除C。]第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Firstrainsoftheseasonalwaysmakeeverybodyhappy.However，asitbeginstorainoften，youwillpossiblyfeelbored.31Well，youcandomanyfunthings，whichwillmakethedayatrulyenjoyableone.32Takealittletimeoutforyourself.Thentakealongwalkandwatcheverything.Youcanwalkinyourneighborhoodoreventakethesubwayanddiscovernewplacesinthetown.Ifyouliketakingpictures，takeyourcameraalongwithyoutocatchbeautifulmoments.Hostaraindanceparty！33Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard.Makesurethatthedancefloorishardandeventoavoidaccidents.Placethestereo(立體聲音響)undertheroofincaseitgetswet.Callyourfriendsandenjoytheparty!Watchandlistentonature.Forexample，youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea.34Ifyoucan’tgooutsideyourhouse，sitinthebalcony(陽臺)withacupofteaandlistentothesoundofwaterfallingondifferentobjects.Therearemanythingstodoonarainyday.Butmakesureyoutakearainjacketoranumbrellawhilegoingoutintherains.35Whenitcomestopreventingyoucatchingacoldintherains，youcaneatalotofvitaminC，andtakeabathonceyoucomebackhome.A.Takeawalkbyyourself.B.Youcanstoptobuyanicecream.C.Sohowcanyouhavefunonsucharainyday?D.Youcansitonthetopofahillandenjoytheview.E.Youwon’tgetcompletelywetandthencatchacold.F.Havesomecoffeeoutsideandenjoytheconversation.G.Thedancefloorcanbenearyourhome’sswimmingpool.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要介紹了如何開心地度過雨天。31.C[該空前說下雨天你可能會覺得很煩惱，所以如何開心地度過雨天呢？其實你可以做許多開心的事，由此可知C項正確。]32.A[該空為該段的主題句，根據(jù)該空后的Takealittletimeoutforyourself以及下文多次提到的walk可知，選項A正確。]33.G[根據(jù)空后Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard.Makesurethatthedancefloorishard...可知，It指代的是thedancefloor，G項中提到Thedancefloor，所以應(yīng)選G項。]34.D[根據(jù)該段的主題句Watchandlistentonature和空前的Forexample，youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea可知，D項正確。雖然B項也是以Youcan開頭，但是與本段的主題句“賞雨和聽雨”不一致。]35.E[外出的時候記得要帶雨衣或雨傘，否則會淋濕感冒，由此可知E項符合語境。]第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Earthquakesarecommon；thousandsofthemhappeneachday.Butmostaretoo36tofeel.Duringa37earthquake，thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst.Thentheearth38terriblyandmanyhouses39down.Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo40lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare41；thousandsofdeathsarecaused，andmanymorelosehomes...42thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake43，otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften44.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmore45caused.Manknowsthe46ofapossibleearthquake，andforcenturiesmanhasbeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.Morethan2，000yearsago，47，aChinesescientistnamedZhangHeng48amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhich49theseismicwaveshadcome，andthismachineisstill50byscientiststoday.Nowweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakesand51theyhappen，butwestillcannot52exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen，andcannot53itfromhappening.Soearthquakesareamongthe54disastersintheworld.Noonecanstopnaturalearthquakes.55，scientistscanhelpstopearthquakesdestroyingwholecitiesandcausingtoomanydeaths.【語篇解讀】地震是常見的，會給人們帶來很大的災(zāi)難。現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)了解許多關(guān)于地震發(fā)生的原因，但我們?nèi)匀徊恢谰烤乖诤螘r何地會發(fā)生地震，并不能阻止這一切的發(fā)生。36.A.extreme B.weakC.frightening D.frequent答案B[有些地震太弱了，以至于人們感覺不到。]37.A.real B.exactC.big D.small答案C[根據(jù)其后的“thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst”可推知應(yīng)選big。]38.A.moves B.shakesC.jumps D.breaks答案B[由常識可知，發(fā)生地震時，地面在晃動(shake)。]39.A.get B.putC.set D.fall答案D[地震導(dǎo)致房屋倒塌(falldown)。getdown“下來”；putdown“放下”；setdown“記下，寫下”。]40.A.off B.onC.into D.behind答案A[由“railwaytracksbreak”可知，鐵軌斷了，火車出軌(off)了。]41.A.burst B.struckC.destroyed D.buried答案C[工廠被破壞(destroyed)。burst“爆發(fā)”；strike“襲擊，攻擊”；bury“埋”，均不符合句意。]42.A.Except B.BesidesC.Insteadof D.Becauseof答案B[由第43空后的otherdisasters可知“除了”地震造成的損失之外，還有別的災(zāi)難，故B項正確。]43.A.lonely B.laterC.themselves D.itself答案D[與后面的火災(zāi)相對應(yīng)，強調(diào)地震“本身”造成的破壞。]44.A.follow B.copyC.come D.enter答案A[此處表示伴隨地震而來的災(zāi)害，用follow“跟著”。]45.A.quakes B.deathsC.difficulties D.results答案B[地震引發(fā)的其他災(zāi)害造成更多的房屋倒塌和人員死亡。]46.A.information B.questionsC.dangers D.frights答案C[由常識可知，地震是很危險的。]47.A.asaresult B.infactC.forexample D.aswell答案C[下面是作者的舉例，說明人們?yōu)轭A(yù)測地震所做的研究，故選C項。]48.A.invented B.discoveredC.found D.bought答案A[invent指發(fā)明原來世上不存在的東西或事物，符合句意。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”；buy“買”。]49.A.nation B.directionC.item D.pace答案B[張衡發(fā)明的地動儀能夠根據(jù)地震波來的方向測定地震的方向。direction“方向”。]50.A.improved B.repairedC.protected D.used答案D[現(xiàn)代的科學(xué)家仍然在“使用”張衡發(fā)明的地動儀。由still可知D項正確。]51.A.where B.whenC.what D.why答案D[由后面的whenandwhere判斷，此空選why。]52.A.persuade B.tellC.express D.point答案B[tell“說明白，講清楚”。]53.A.frighten B.prepareC.prevent D.rescue答案C[我們已經(jīng)研究出為什么會發(fā)生地震，但無法預(yù)測它什么時間，在哪里發(fā)生，也無法阻止它發(fā)生。prevent...fromdoing...“阻止……做……”。]54.A.worst B.bestC.most D.fastest答案A[worst“最壞的”；best“最好的”；most“最多的”；fastest“最快的”。由于無法準確預(yù)測地震何時何地發(fā)生，故認為其是嚴重的災(zāi)難之一。]55.A.However B.ButC.And D.So答案A[前后句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折時不用逗號與其后內(nèi)容隔開。]非選擇題部分第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Livingbesideanactivevolcano(火山)meansthatsmallearthquakesarenotunusual.Everybodyhereknows56.theyfeellike，andtheycome57.nosurprisetothelocalpeople.Forme，they’realittledifferent，though.Whatdoyoudowhenthere’sanearthquake？Mostpeoplewouldtrytoleavethebuilding.Iliveon58.thirdfloorofaflatwithseveralmorestoresaboveme—nobodywants59.(trap)underthatafteranearthquake.Iguess，ifanearthquakecame，IwouldprobablyjustpanicratherthanthinkaboutwhatIneedtodo，suchashidingsomewhereor60.(run)outofthebuilding.Ihadneverfeltanearthquakeuntillastweek.Therewasasmallearthquake61.couldhardlyevenbecalledanearthquake.Iwasnotreally62.(frighten).Tofeeltheearthmovelikethatwasjuststrange.Ofcourse，it63.(last)onlyafewseconds.Ihavespokentothelocalpeoplesincetheeventand64.(luck)，therewerenoinjuriesordamage65.(do)byit.Butifithadbeenarealearthquake，IthinkIwouldhavefeltquitedifferently.答案56.what[設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且作介詞like的賓語，故填what。]57.as[comeasnosurprise意為“來得不稀奇，發(fā)生在意料之中”。]58.the[序數(shù)詞前應(yīng)用定冠詞限定，故填the。]59.tobetrapped[want后跟帶to的不定式作賓語，因trap與nobody之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填tobetrapped。]60.running[設(shè)空處與hidingsomewhere并列作suchas的賓語，故填running。]61.that/which[設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句修飾先行詞earthquake，且在從句中作主語，故填that/which。]62.frightened[設(shè)空處作表語，表示“受驚嚇的”，故填frightened。]63.lasted[由語境可知，此處描述的是發(fā)生在上周的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填lasted。]64.luckily[設(shè)空處作狀語修飾分句therewerenoinjuries...byit，故填luckily。]65.done[設(shè)空處作后置定語修飾injuriesordamage，因do與injuriesordamage之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填done。]第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假設(shè)你是來自美國的湯姆，你從電視新聞上得知你朋友王林所在的城市發(fā)生了地震。請你給王林寫一封信，內(nèi)容包括：1.詢問王林及其家人是否安好；2.得知該地震的影響：6人死亡，500多人受傷，20人失蹤，200多所房子坍塌；3.愿意盡最大努力提供幫助。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearWangLin，Yourssincerely，Tom【參考范文】DearWangLin，Howareyoudoing？WhenIwatchedthenewsonTV，Ilearnedthataterribleearthquakehappenedinyourcity.Iwasreallyconcernedaboutyouandyourfamily.I’msosorrytohearaboutthedisaster.Itcausedsixdeathsandleftmorethanfivehundredpersonsinjured.What’sworse，20personsweremissingandovertwohundredhousesfelldown.Ihopethatnoneofyourfamilymemberswasinjured.Pleasedon’tbeworried.Everythingwillbefine.Ifyouneedanyhelp，pleaseletmeknow.Asoneofyourbestfriends，IwilldowhatIcantohelpyou.Yourssincerely，Tom第二節(jié)概要寫作(滿分25分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Howmanyofuscouldgoaweekwithoutourcellphone？Doyouevenbothertomemorizephonenumbersanymore？Technologyhasmadelifesoconvenientforus.However，wehavetofacefacts：Technologyhasmadeuslazyanddependent.What’sthepointofgettingup，takingashower，gettingdressed，anddrivingtothemovieswhenyoucanjustsitonthecouchandfireupNetflix?We’veallbeentherebefore.You’reonthefenceaboutwhetherornotyouwanttogetoutanddosomething，butthensomethingcomesoveryou.Youstartlookingaro