現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(初二)課件

初二英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)：ThePastTense（一般過去時(shí)）（1）yesterday例：Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.（2）…ago例：DidMarycomeherethreedaysago?（3）last…例：Wedidn’tlearnchemistrylastyear.（4）in1990例：Iwasasmallchildin1990.（5）justnow/amomentago例：

IwatchedTVathomejustnow.Thetimeadverbial（時(shí)間狀語）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)二、句子結(jié)構(gòu):have/has+p.p(動(dòng)詞的過去分詞)一、

概念:過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.(屬于現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，含有“bynow到現(xiàn)在止”的意思)四、Difficulties（難點(diǎn)）havebeento

---ShehasbeentoGuangzhou.havegoneto（到……去了）

---ShehasgonetoGuangzhou.havebeenin（到……多久了）

---ShehasbeeninGuangzhouforthreedays.五、過去分詞（一）規(guī)則變化1、一般加ed：looked,played,watched,planted,washed2、e結(jié)尾加d:hated,loved,saved3、輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，改y為i加ed:study—studied,hurry—hurried,worry--worried4、以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫輔音字母加ed:stopped,shopped,travelled（二）不規(guī)則變化have/has+過去分詞我已經(jīng)做了作業(yè)。Ihavedonemyhomework.我們已經(jīng)種了些樹。Wehaveplantedsometrees.你已經(jīng)買了輛新自行車。

Youhaveboughtanewbike.他們已打掃了房間。

Theyhavewashedtheroom.瑪麗已睡了10小時(shí)。Maryhassleptfortenhours.杰克踢足球兩小時(shí)了。Jackhasplayedfootballfortwohours.

我父親1990年以來就在這里工作。Myfatherhasworkedheresince1990.練習(xí)一：連詞成句we,three,have,apples,eaten

Wehaveeatenthreeapples.2.have,they,swept,thefloor

Theyhavesweptthefloor.3.has,thefilm,seen,theboy

Theboyhasseenthefilm.4.people,known,have,thenews

Peoplehaveknownthenews.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般問句

將Have/has提到句子前面1.Wehaveeatenthreeapples.2.Theyhavesweptthefloor.3.Theboyhasseenthefilm.4.Peoplehaveknownthenews.Haveyoueatenthreeapples?—Yes,wehave./No,wehaven’t.Havetheysweptthefloor?—Yes,theyhave.Hastheboyseenthefilm?—No,hehasn’t.Havepeopleknownthenews?—Yes,theyhave.練習(xí)二1.我們曾經(jīng)種過一棵蘋果樹。We____ever________anappletree.2.我從沒看過那本書。I_____never_______thebook.3.瑪麗早已經(jīng)看了那場電影。Mary_______already_______thefilm.4.我爺爺還沒有吃午飯。Mygrandfather__________lunchyet.5.你們已經(jīng)看電視兩小時(shí)了。You_____already______TVfortwohours.havehavehavehashasn’tplantedreadseenhadwatched

(3)sofar（到目前止）

、inthelast/past…（在過去的…..）

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。例：

Sofar,

manycountrieshavesentup

satellitesintospace.

2.Inthelast30years,

ourliveshavechangeda

lot.練習(xí)三()1.John____fiveapplessince8’clockA.eatsB.haseatenC.ate()2.I___EnglishsincefiveyearsagoA.learnedB.haslearnedC.havelearnt()3.We____eachotherfortenyears.A.hasknownB.haveknownC.knew()4.Sofar,we_____twothousandwords.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.havelearnt()5.Inthepasttwo

years,she___manyfriends.A.hasmadeB.hasmakedC.havemadeBBCCA練習(xí)四：用所給的詞填空1.Tom_________(work)theresincetwoyearsago.2.I_______never_______（hear)ofthatmanbefore.3.Thetwins______________(wash)theclothesforanhour.4.He_________(play)basketballsincehecamehere.5.How

long____Sally_____(sing)?hasworkedhashavehavewashedhasplayedsungheard注意:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(如:yesterday,last,year,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等)連用，但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等)連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等)連用。與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)都可以表示“從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”這一概念,有時(shí)兩者可以互相代用,但前者多用于口語。在含義上如著重表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果時(shí),多用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);如著重表示動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行,即動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性時(shí),則多用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。要求1.背不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表，默寫2.記住現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語與副詞3.練習(xí)beento三個(gè)易混的結(jié)構(gòu)havebeento去過havegoneto到……去了havebeenin去了/來了/到了+一段時(shí)間1.IhavebeentoGuangzhou.2.Ihave_________Guangzhoumanytimes.3.Hehas__________Harbin.4.Myfatherisn’tathome.Hehasgoneto

thelibrary.

beento

IV.有些動(dòng)詞屬于”結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞”(或叫瞬間動(dòng)詞)即動(dòng)作不能持續(xù),一發(fā)生即結(jié)束,因此不能接一段時(shí)間.如以下詞:go/come/arrive/getto/join/leave/die/begin/buy在接一段時(shí)間時(shí),就要用另外的詞來代替:1.havejoined---havebeen(in)/a…HehasjoinedtheParty.他已入黨了.Hehas_______thePartyfortenyears.他已入黨十年了.HehasbeenaPartymemberfortenyears.2.haveleft---havebeenawayShehasleftZhuhai.她已經(jīng)離開珠海.Shehas__________Zhuhaiforhalfaday.

她已經(jīng)離開珠海半天了.beeninbeenaway

from3.havedied---havebeendead4.havebegun---havebeenon5.havebought---havehad6.havecome(to)—havebeen(in)7.havegone(to)---havebeen(in)8.havearrived(in/at)---havebeen(in)9.havegotto---havebeen(in)1.我們到了.Wehavearrived.我們到了10分鐘了.We___________________for10minutes.2.飛機(jī)到達(dá)機(jī)場半小時(shí)了.Theplane________________theairportforhalfanhour.3.她已經(jīng)死了.Shehasdied.她死了好幾年了.She_________________forseveralyears.4.電影已經(jīng)開始了.Thefilmhasbegun.電影已經(jīng)開始15分鐘了.Thefilm______________forfifteenminutes.havebeenherehasbeenonhasbeendeadhavebeenin5.他已經(jīng)參軍了.He____________thearmy.6.他已經(jīng)參軍兩年了.He____________thearmyfortwoyears.He_____________asoldierfortwoyears.hasjoinedhasbeeninhasbee