高級英語第二冊1-4課課后答案

高級英語第二冊1----4課課后答案高級英語第二冊1----4課課后答案高級英語第二冊1----4課課后答案xxx公司高級英語第二冊1----4課課后答案文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度第一課位于高爾夫港以西的帕斯克里斯琴鎮(zhèn)幾乎被夷為平地。住在該鎮(zhèn)那座豪華的黎賽留公寓度假的幾位旅客組織了一次聚會，從他們所居的有利地位觀賞颶風的壯觀景象，結果像是有一個其大無比的拳頭把公寓打得粉碎，26人因此喪生。柯夏克家的屋頂一被掀走，約翰就高喊道：“快上樓一一到臥室里去!數(shù)數(shù)孩子?！痹趦A盆大雨中，大人們圍成一圈，讓孩子們緊緊地擠在中間?？孪目死夏棠贪暻星械卣f道：“孩子們，咱們大家來唱支歌吧!”孩子們都嚇呆了，根本沒一點反應。老奶奶獨個兒唱了幾句，然后她的聲音就完全消失了。客廳的壁爐和煙囪崩塌了下來。弄得瓦礫橫飛。眼看他們棲身的那間臥室電有兩面墻壁行將崩塌，約翰立即命令大伙：“進電視室去!”這是離開風頭最遠的一個房間。約翰用手將妻子摟了一下。詹妮絲心里明白了他的意思。由于風雨和恐懼，她不住地發(fā)抖。她一面拉過兩個孩子緊貼在自己身邊，一面默禱著：親愛的上帝啊，賜給我力量，讓我經(jīng)受住必須經(jīng)受的一切吧。她心里怨恨這場颶風。我們一定不會讓它得勝。柯夏克老爹心中窩著一團火，深為自己在颶風面前無能為力而感到懊喪。也說不清為什么，他跑到一問臥室里去將一只杉木箱和一個雙人床墊拖進了電視室。就在這里，一面墻壁被風刮倒了，提燈也被吹滅。另外又有一面墻壁在移動，在搖晃。查理.希爾試圖以身子撐住它，但結果墻還是朝他這邊塌了下來，把他的背部也給砸傷了。房子在顫動搖晃，已從地基上挪開了25英尺。整個世界似乎都要分崩離析了?！拔覀儊戆汛矇|豎起來!”約翰對父親大聲叫道。“把它斜靠著擋擋風。讓孩子們躲到墊子下面去，我們可以用頭和肩膀把墊子大一點的孩子趴在地板上，小一點的一層層地壓在大的身上，大人們都彎下身子罩住他們。地板傾斜了。裝著那一窩四只小貓的盒子從架上滑下來，一下子就在風中消失了。斯普琪被從一個嵌板書柜頂上刮走而不見蹤影了。那只狗緊閉著雙眼，縮成一團。又一面墻壁倒塌了。水拍打著傾斜的地板。約翰抓住一扇還連在壁柜墻上的門，對他父親大聲叫道：“假若地板塌了，咱們就把孩子放到這塊門板上面。”就在這一剎那間，風勢稍緩了一些，水也不再上漲了。隨后水開始退落?？谞柼栵Z風的中心過去了。柯夏克一家和他們的朋友都幸存下來了。第二課然而這些人的真正奇特之處還在于他們的隱身的特性。一連幾個星期，每天幾乎在同一時候總有一隊老嫗扛著柴草從我房前蹣跚走過。雖然他們的身影以映入我的眼簾，但老實說，我并不曾看見她們。我所看見的是一捆捆的柴草從屋外掠過。直到有一天我碰巧走在她們身后時，堆柴草奇異的起伏動作才使我注意到原來下面有人。這才第一次看見那些與泥土同色的可憐老嫗的軀體——枯瘦的只剩下皮包骨頭、被沉重的負荷壓得彎腰駝背的軀體。然而，我踏上摩洛哥國土還不到五分鐘就已注意到驢子的負荷過重，并為此感到憤怒。驢子遭到荷虐，這是無疑的事實。摩洛哥的驢子不過如一只瑞士雪山救人犬一般大小，可它馱負的貨物重量在英國軍隊里讓一頭五英尺高的大騾子來馱都嫌過重。而且，它還常常是一連幾個星期不卸馱鞍。尤其讓人覺得可悲的是，它是世上最馴服聽話的牲畜。不需要鞍轡會僵繩。它便會像狗一樣更隨著自己的主人。為主人拼命干上十幾年活后，它便猝然倒地死去，這時，主人就把它仍進溝里，尸體未寒，其五臟六腑便被村狗扒出來吃掉。這種事情當然令人發(fā)指，可是，一般說來，人的苦難卻沒人理會。我并非在亂發(fā)議論，只不過是指出一個事實而已。這種人簡直就是一種無影無行之物。一頭背上被磨得皮破肉爛的驢子人人見了都會同情，而那馱著大捆柴草的老婦人則往往要有某種偶然因素才會受到注意。第三課有人舉出了一個人所共知，但仍值得提出來發(fā)人深思的例子。我們談到飯桌上的肉食時用法語詞，而談到提供這些肉食的牲畜時則用盎格魯一撒克遜詞。豬圈里的活豬叫pig，飯桌上吃的豬肉便成了pork(來自法語pore)；地里放牧著的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉則叫beef(來自法語boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食時變成poultry(來自法語poulet)；calf加工成肉則變成veal(來自法語vcau)。即便我們的菜單沒有為了裝洋耍派頭而寫成法語，我們所用的英語仍然是諾曼底式的英語。這一切向我們昭示了諾曼底人征服之后英國文化上所存在的深刻的階級裂痕。撒克遜農(nóng)民種地養(yǎng)畜，自己出產(chǎn)的肉自己卻吃不起，全都送上了諾曼底人的餐桌。農(nóng)民們只能吃到在地里亂竄的兔子。兔子肉因為便宜，諾曼底貴族自然不屑去吃它。因此，活兔子和吃的兔子肉共用rabbit這個詞表示，而沒有換成由法語lapin轉化而來的某個詞。當我們今天聽著有關雙語教育問題的爭論時，我們應該設身處地替當時的撒克遜農(nóng)民想一想，新的統(tǒng)治階級把法語用來對抗撒克遜農(nóng)民自己的語言，從而在農(nóng)民周圍筑起一道文化障礙。當英國人在像覺醒者赫里沃德這樣的撒克遜領袖領導下起來造反時，他們一定深深地感受到了文化上的屈辱。“標準英語”——如果那時候有這個名詞的話——已經(jīng)變成法語。而九百年后我們在美國這兒仍然繼承了這種影響。第四課我們能否建立一個把東西南北聯(lián)在一起的偉大的全球聯(lián)盟來對付這些敵人，以確保人類享有更為富有成效的生活呢你是否愿意參加這一具有歷史意義的行動呢

在世界漫長的歷史上，只有少數(shù)幾代人能在自由面臨極大危險的時刻被賦予保衛(wèi)自由的任務。在這一重任面前，我不退縮，我歡迎這一重任。我認為我們中間不會有人愿意與別人或另一代人調換位置。我們從事這一事業(yè)的那種精力、信念和獻身精神將照耀我們的國家和一切為此出力的人們。這一火焰所發(fā)出的光芒將真正照亮這個世界。因此，美國同胞們，你們應該問的不是你們的國家能為你們做些什么，而是你們自己能為你們的國家做些什么。和我處在同樣地位的世界各國的公民們，你們應該問的不是美國會為你們做些什么，而是我們一起能為人類自由做些什么。Lesson11.We'reelevated23feet.(para3)We're23feetabovesealevel.2.Theplacehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehaseverbotheredit.(para3)Thehousehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehasevercausedanydamagetoit.3.Wecanbattendownandrideitout.(para4)Wecanmakethenecessarypreparationsandsurvivethehurricanewithoutmuchdamage.4.Thegeneratorwasdoused,andthelightswentout.(para9)Watergotintothegeneratorandputitout.Itstoppedproducingelectricity,sothelightsalsowentout.5.Everybodyoutthebackdoortothecars!(para10)Everybodygooutthroughthebackdoorandruntothecars.6.Theelectricalsystemshadbeenkilledbywater.(para11)Theelectricalsystemsinthecarhadbeenputoutbywater.7.Johnwatchedthewaterlapatthesteps,andfeltacrushingguilt.(para17)AsJohnwatchedthewaterinchitswayupthesteps,hefeltastrongsenseofguiltbecauseheblamedhimselfforendangeringthewholefamilybydecidingnottofleeinland.8.Getusthroughthismess,willyou(para17)OhGod,pleasehelpustogetthroughthisstormsafely.9.Shecarriedonaloneforafewbars;thenhervoicetrailedaway.(para21)GrandmotherKoshaksangafewwordsaloneandthenhervoicegraduallygrewdimmerandstopped.10.Janishadjustonedelayedreaction.(para34)Janisdisplayedratherlatetheexhaustionbroughtaboutbythenervoustensioncausedbythehurricane.Lesson21.Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.(para2)Theburying-groundisnothingmorethanahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearthlookinglikeadesertedandabandonedpieceoflandonwhichabuildingwasgoingtobeputup.2.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.(para3)Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals(bynottreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesashumanbeings).3.Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyard.(para3)Theyareborn.Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname.4.Acarpentersitscrossleggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightingspeed.(para9)Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingaveryold-fashionedlathe,acarpenterquicklygivesaroundshapetothechair-legsheismaking.5.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.(para10)Immediatelyfromtheirdarkhole-likecellseverywhereagreatnumberofJewsrushedoutwildlyexcited.6.…everyoneofthemlooksonacigaretteasamoreorlessimpossibleluxury.(para10)EveryoneofthesepoorJewslookedonthecigaretteasapieceofluxurywhichtheycouldnotpossiblyafford.7.Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.(para16)However,awhite-skinnedEuropeanisalwaysquitenoticeable.8.Inatropicallandscapeone’seyetakesineverythingexceptthehumanbeings.(para16)Ifyoutakealookatthenaturalsceneryinatropicalregion,youseeeverythingbutthehumanbeings.9.NoonewouldthinkofrunningcheaptripstotheDistressedAreas.(para17)Noonewouldthinkoforganizingcheaptripsforthetouriststovisitthepoorslumareas(forthesetripswouldnotbeinteresting)．10.…fornine-tenthsofthepeopletherealityoflifeisanendless,back-breakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil.(para17)lifeisveryhardforninetypercentofthepeople．Withhardbackbreakingtoiltheycanproducealittlefoodonthepoorsoil．11．Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.Shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthecommunity，thatshewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal．12.Peoplewithbrownskinsarenextdoortoinvisible.(para21)Peoplewithbrownskinsarealmostinvisible．13．Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms,…(para23)TheSenegalesesoldierswerewearingready-madekhakiuniformswhichhidtheirbeautifulwell-builtbodies．14.Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection(para25)Howmuchlongerbeforetheyturntheirgunsaroundandattackus?15．Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind.(para26)Everywhiteman，theonlookers，theofficersontheirhorsesandthewhiteN.C.Os.marchingwiththeblacksoldiers，hadthisthoughthiddensomewhereorotherinhismind．Lesson31．Anditisanactivityonlyofhuman.(para1)Andconversationisanactivitywhichisfoundonlyamonghumanbeings．2．Conversationisnotformakingapoint.(para2)Conversationisnotforpersuadingotherstoacceptourideaorpointofview．3．Infact,thebestconversationalistsarethosewhoarepreparedtolose.(para2)Infactapersonwhoreallyenjoysandisskilledatconversationwillnotarguetowinorforceotherstoaccepthispointofview．4．Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives.(para3)Peoplewhomeeteachotherforadrinkinthebarofapubarenotintimatefriendsfortheyarenotdeeplyabsorbedorengrossedineachother'slives．5.…itcouldstillgoignorantlyon…(para6)Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong．6．Therearecattleinthefields,butwesitdowntobeef(boeuf).(para9)Theseanimalsarecalledcattlewhentheyarealiveandfeedinginthefields；butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat．wecalltheirmeatbeef．7.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.(para11)ThenewrulingclassbyusingFrenchinsteadofEnglishmadeitdifficultfortheEnglishtoacceptorabsorbthecultureoftherulers．8．Englishhadcomeroyallyintoitsown.(para13)TheEnglishlanguagereceivedproperrecognitionandwasusedbytheKingoncemore．9.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.(para15)Thephrase，theKing'sEnglish，hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses．Theworkingpeopleveryoftenmakefunoftheproperandformallanguageoftheeducatedpeople．10.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.(para15)Therestillexistsintheworkingpeople，asintheearlySaxonpeasants，aspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass．11.Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthat“wordswillhardenintothingsforus.”(para18)Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthatwemightforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingstheyaresupposedtorepresent．12.Evenwiththemosteducatedandthemostliterate,theKing’sEnglishslipsandslidesinconversation.(para18)Eventhemosteducatedandliteratepeopledonotusestandard，formalEnglishallthetimeintheirconversationLesson41.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe...(para2)OurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartomaintainthatallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadgiventhemcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.Buttodaythisissuehasnotyetbeendecidedinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.2.Thismuchwepledge—andmore.(para5)Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.3.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.(para6)Unitedandworkingtogetherwecanaccomplishalotofthingsinagreatnumberofjointundertakings.4.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.(para9)Wewillnotallowanyenemycountrytosubvertthispeacefulrevolutionwhichbringshopeofprogresstoallourcountries.5.…ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace…(para10)TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.6.…toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun…(para10)WepledgetohelptheUnitedNationsenlargetheareainwhichitsauthorityandmandatewouldcontinuetobeineffectorinforce.7.…beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction…(para11)Beforetheterribleforcesofdestruction,whichsciencecannowrelease,overwhelmmankind;beforethisself-destruction,whichmaybeplannedorbroughtaboutbyanaccident,takesplace8.…yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthehandofmankind’sfinalwar…(para13)Yetbothgroupsofnationsaretryingtochangeasquicklyaspossiblethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerwhichrestrainseachgroupfromlaunchingmankind'sfinalwar.9.Soletusbeginanew,rememberingonbothsidesthatcivilityisnotasignofweakness,…(para14)Soletusstartonceagain(todiscussandnegotiate)andletusrememberthatbeingpoliteisnotasignofweakness.10.Letbothsidestrytocallforththewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadofthefrightfulthingsitcando.11.…eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.(para21)Americansofeverygenerationhavebeencalledupontoprovetheirloyaltytotheircountry(byfightinganddyingfortheircountry'scause).12.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove,…(para27)Lethistoryfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskweltornot,butoursurerewardwillbeagoodcon-scienceforwewillhaveworkedsincerelyandtothebestofourability.Lesson11.Windandrainnowwipedthehouse.----metaphor(暗喻)2.Thechildrenwentfromadulttoadultlikebucketsinafirebrigade.--simile(明喻)3.Thewindsoundedliketheroarofatrainpassingafewyardsaway.-----simile4.…itseizeda600,00gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpedit3.5milesaway.----personification(擬人)5.RcihelieuApartmentsweresmashedapartasifbyagiganticfist,and26peopleperished.----simile、personification6.…theSalvationArmy’scanteentrucksandRedCrossvolunteersandstaffersweregoingwhereverpossibletodistributehotdrinks,food,clothingandbedding.-----7.Thefederalgovernmentshipped4,400,000poundsoffood,movedinmobilehomes,setupportableclassrooms,openedofficestoprovidelow-interest,long-termbusinessloans.----8.Wecanbattendownandrideitout.-----metaphor9.Everybodyoutthebackdoortothecars!—ellipsis(省略)sentence

10.Telephonepolesand20-inch-thickpinescrackedlikegunsasthewindssnappedthem.-----simile、onomatopoeia(擬聲)11.SeveralvacationersattheluxuriousRichelieuApartmentsthereheldahurricanepartytowatchthestormfromtheirspectacularvantagepoint-----transferredepithet12.Stripsofclothingfestoonedthestandingtrees,andblowndownpowerlinescoiledlikeblackspaghettiovertheroads----metaphor;13.Heheldhisheadbetweenhishands,andsilentlyprayed:“Getusthroughthismess,willYou”

-------alliteration押頭韻14..…h(huán)ouseholdandmedicalsuppliesstreamedinbyplane,train,truckandcar.------metaphorLesson21.Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.-----simile2.Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears.----alliteration3....andsore-eyedchildrenclustereverywhereinunbelievablenumbers,likecloudsofflies.----simile4.Andreallyitwasalmostlikewatchingaflockofcattletoseethelongcolumn,amileortwomilesofarmedmen,flowingpeacefullyuptheroad,whilethegreatwhitebirdsdriftedoverthemintheoppositedirection,glitteringlikescrapsofpaper.-----simile5.

The

little

crowd

of

mourners

–all

men

and

boys,

no

women—threadedtheirwayacrossthemarketplacebetweenthepilesofpomegranatesandthetaxisandthecamels,wailingashortchantoverandoveragain.--—Contrast(對比)6.

A

carpenter

sits

cross-legged

at

a

prehistoric

lathe,

turning

chair-legsatlightningspeed.—-transferredepithet

7.

Instantly,

from

the

dark

holes

all

round,

there

was

a

frenzied

rush

of

Jews,

many

of

them

old

grandfathers

with

flowing

grey

beards,

all

clamoring

for

a

cigarette.

-----transferred

epithet

8.

Still,

a

white

skin

is

always

fairly

conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)

9.

As

the

storks

flew

northward

the

Negroes

were

marching

southward—a

long,

dusty

column,

infantry,

screw-gunbatteries,andthenmoreinfantry,fourorfivethousandmeninall,windinguptheroadwithaclumpingofbootsandaclatterofironwheels.—---onomatopoetic

10.

Not

hostile,

not

contemptuous,

not

sullen,

not

even

inquisitive.

—--elliptical

sentence

11.

This

wretched

boy,

who

is

a

French

citizen

and

has

therefore

been

dragged

from

the

forest

to

scrub

floors

and

catch

syphilis

in

garrison

towns,

actually

has

feelings

of

reverence

before

a

white

skin.

—-synecdoche提喻

12.ThegazelleIwasfeedingseemedtoknowthatthisthoughtwasinmymind.我現(xiàn)在喂著的這只瞪羚好象已經(jīng)看透了我的心思?！狿ersonification（擬人）13.Sheaccept-edherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.-----Alliteration(頭韻)14.Iamnotcommenting,merelypointingtoafact.(P21)我并不是在發(fā)表議論，而僅僅是在陳述一個事實----Understatement(含蓄陳述)

Lesson3

1.…

and

no

one

has

any

idea

where

it

will

go

as

it

meanders

or

leaps

and

sparkles

or

just

glows.

---mixed-metaphor

2.”herewillbeanoldabusingofGod’spatienceandtheKing’sEnglish.”--pan3.

…

that

suddenly

the

alchemy

of

conversation

took

place,

and

all

at

once

there

was

a

focus.

----metaphor

4.

The

glow

of

the

conversation

burst

into

flames.

----metaphor

5.

We

had

traveled

in

five

minutes

to

Australia.

-----metaphor

The

fact

that

their

marriages

may

be

on

the

rocks,

or

that

their

love

affairs

have

been

broken

or

even

that

they

got

out

of

bed

on

the

wrong

side

is

simply

not

a

concern.--—metaphor

6.

The

conversation

was

on

wings.

----metaphor

8.

The

bother

about

teaching

chimpanzees

how

to

talk

is

that

they

will

probably

try

to

talk

sense

and

so

ruin

all

conversation.

-----sarcasm反諷

9.

They

are

like

the

musketeers

of

Dumas

who,

although

they

lived

side

by

side

with

each

other,

did

not

delve

into

each

other's

lives

or

the

recesses

of

their

thoughts

and

feelings.

-----simile

10.

…

we

ought

to

think

ourselves

back

into

the

shoes

of

the

Saxon

peasant.

----11.

Otherwise

one

will

bind

the

conversation,

one

will

not

let

it

flow

freely

here

and

there.

----

12.

We

would

never

hay

gone

to

Australia,

or

leaped

back

in

time

to

the

Norman

Conquest.

----

13.

They

are

like

the

musketeers

of

Dumas

who,

although

they

lived

side

by

side

with

each

other,

did

not

delve

into,

each

other’s

lives

or

the

recesses

of

their

thoughts

and

feelings.—-simile

14.

Is

the

phrase

in

Shakespeare?

----metonymy

15.

The

Elizabethans

blew

on

it

as

on

a

dandelion

clock,

and

its

seeds

multiplied,

and

floated

to

the

ends

of

the

earth.—simile

16.

Even

with

the

most

educated

and

the

most

literate,

the

King’s

English

slips

and

slides

in

conversation.—alliteration，

metaphor17.

When

E.M.F

orster

writes

of

―the

sinister

corridor

of

our

age,‖

we

sit

up

at

the

vividness

of

the

phrase,

the

force

and

even

terror

in

the

image.—--metaphor

18.PerhapsitbecauseofmyupbringinginEnglishpubsthatIthinkbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.(P3)-------exaggerationLesson4

1.

United,

there

is

little

we

cannot

do

in

a

host

of

co-operativeventures.Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedarenotmeetapowerfullchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.—antithesis2.…in

t