初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)

初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去式小結(jié)

一，一般現(xiàn)在時的用法

1)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。

時間狀語：every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday

Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.

2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.

3)表示格言或警句中。

Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必?cái)　?/p>

注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..

4)現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。

Idon‘twantsomuch.

AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.

比較：NowIputthesugarinthecup.

Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.

第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。5）時間標(biāo)志詞：every…,sometimes,oftenusually6）一般現(xiàn)在時中的動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：1、人稱代詞he,she,it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起來像只貓。2、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①HanMeilookslikehermother.韓梅看起來像她的母親。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中國。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。3、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this/that/the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①Ahorseisausefulanimal.馬是有用的動物。②Thisbookisyours.這本書是你的。③Thatcarisred.那輛小汽車是紅色的。④ThecatisLucy's.這只貓是露茜的。4、不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代詞this,

that作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①Everyoneishere.大家到齊了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.這塊手表有毛病。③Thisisapen.這是一支鋼筆。④Thatisaneraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。5、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。6、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①"6"isaluckynumber."6"是個吉利數(shù)字。②"I"isaletter."I"是個字母。

二，一般過去時的用法,

1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

時間狀語有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。

Wheredidyougojustnow?

2）表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。

WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.

WhenevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.

3）句型：

Itistimeforsb.todosth"到……時間了""該……了"

Itistimesb.didsth."時間已遲了""早該……了"

Itistimeforyoutogotobed.你該睡覺了。

Itistimeyouwenttobed.你早該睡覺了。

would(had)rathersb.didsth.表示‘寧愿某人做某事‘

I‘dratheryoucametomorrow.

4)時間標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow5）一般過去時：一般過去時的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式形式。be動詞的過去式有兩種：was(是is,am的過去式)，were(是are的過去式)；行為動詞的過去式一般在詞尾加-ed；不規(guī)則變化的動詞要參看不規(guī)則動詞表。含有be的過去時，變否定句在was和were的后面加not。wasnot與werenot可縮寫成wasn't和weren't。一般疑問句是把was/were提到句首，并大寫第一個字母w，句末用問號。例：Hewasn'tintheclassroomjustnow.剛才他不在教室?！猈ereyouathomelastnight?

—Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn't.—昨天晚上你在家嗎？

—是的，我在。/不，我不在。6）行為動詞的過去時的否定句、一般疑問句怎樣改寫呢？這就要借助助動詞do/does的過去式did了。否定句在did后加not,并把行為動詞恢復(fù)原形。如：

Hedidn'tdohishomeworklastnight.昨天晚上他沒寫作業(yè)。而一般疑問句要把did提到句首，行為動詞也要恢復(fù)原形。如：—Didyoulistentotheradioyesterday?

—Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.—昨天你聽收音機(jī)了嗎？

—是的，我聽了。/不，我沒聽。鞏固練習(xí)題：

I.寫出下列動詞的相應(yīng)形式：

1.第三人稱單數(shù)：wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________

go________snow______carry_________

2.寫出下列動詞的過去式：stop______see________drive________let_______carry______

keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______

3.寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式：stay_______begin______forget_______

forget______lie________die_______run_______prefer______give________

ring_______dance______hope_______

II.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1．I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.

2.Hedoesn’tfeelwelland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.

3.He______not_______(see)mecomein,forhe___________(read)something

withgreatinterest.

4.I_________(let)youhavethebookassoonasI_________(finish)it.

5.Whilewe________(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy________(run)uptous.6.Don’tmakeaniose.Grandpa__________(sleep).

7.It’ssevennow,Tom’sfamily__________(watch)TV.

8.It________(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.

9.What______yourmother_______(do)ateightyesterdayevening

She

_______(wash)clothes.

10._______it______(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?

11.What_______(do)_______tomorrow

We________(play)football.

12.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.

13.Theysaidthey________(visit)theGreatWallthenextsummerholiday.

14.Who_______(dance)thebestinyourclass?

15.Willyoucomeifhe_____________(notcome)

16.Theteachertoldustheearth__________(move)roundthesun.

17.They_______(have)apartyinthegardenifit________(notrain)

tomorrow.

18She________(buy)asweateryesterday.

19.Idon’tknowifMr.Wang______(go)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe_____(go),

I______(ask)him_______(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe_______(study)there.

III單項(xiàng)選擇：

1.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.

A.don’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’train

2.There_____anEnglishfilmnextweek.

A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobe

3.Thepicture_______nice.

A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking

4.She______downandsoonfellasleep.

A.liveB.lainC.laidD.lay

5.They_____theofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.

A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.getto

6.WeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyou_____backnextweek.

A.wilcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.come

7.Don’tsmokeuntiltheplane______off.

A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istake

8.Isawher____theroomthismorning.

A.toenter()B.enteredC.enterD.enters

9.theteacheraskedus______toschoolontime.

A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comes

10.Johnisalways______others.

A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp

11.Hetoldus______ateight.

A.workingB.toworkC.workD.worked

12.You’dbetter______athomeand______yourhomework.

A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todo

13.Hesatdown______arest.

A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.had

14.UncleWangknows_______awashingmachine.

A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomake

15.Jimdecided_______PollytoLingFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland

練習(xí)題（二）一、寫出下列動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化形式；behavecomegostayteachwritetakestudywatchflyplay二、用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1．Thebuses______(use)alotofoil.2．Eachofus______(have)strongpointsandweakpoints.3．Mydaughter_________(watch)TVeveryday.Sometimesshe_______(see)afilmonSunday.4．LiWei________(have)adaughter.Shestaysinanursery.5．Ourfamily_________(be)ahappyone.6．Hermother___________(teach)Englishatamiddleschool.7．Jackoften___________(listen)totheradio.8．He________(say)thatProf.Liistired.三、將下列句子變成否定式和疑問式：1．Wegotoeveningschoolatnight.2．Mybrotherworksinaradiofactory.3．Herna