江西省奉新一中2023學年高三第二次診斷性檢測英語試卷（含答案解析）

2023高考英語模擬試卷注意事項:1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．答題時請按要求用筆。3．請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4．作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5．保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Ican________Diana’sthoughtsfromthechangesinherfacialexpressions.A．readB．noticeC．countD．watch2．Thankstothe“sugartax”，foodfactorieshavereducedsugarintheirproducts,________about45millionkilogramsofsugar.A．tosaveB．savedC．savingD．havingsaved3．—BoB．couldIuseyourcomputerthisevening?—Sorry.Iareportonitthen.A．willbewriting B．havebeenwritingC．havewritten D．willhavewritten4．Iwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,somychoicewasquite_______.A．a(chǎn)rbitraryB．reasonableC．mechanicalD．conventional5．I'dadviseanyonetoputasideaproportionoftheirearnings—____________.A．nothinggreatiseasy B．nothingcomesfromnothingC．a(chǎn)badpennyalwaysturnsup D．a(chǎn)pennysavedisapennyearned6．—________It’sonlyaninterview!—Onlyaninterview?Onlyaninterview?WhatifIpanic?WhatifIsayasillywordbyaccident?A．Welldone!B．Comeon!C．Howcome?D．Nodoubt!7．Aftercollege,hewasemployedinamiddleschoolandthereeversince.A．wouldworkedB．hadworkedC．workedD．hasworked8．Pelehadbagsofnaturaltalent,buthe______withoutthedeterminationtodealwithalltheproblemslifethrewinhispath.A．wouldneversucceed B．neversucceededC．wouldneverhavesucceeded D．haveneversucceeded9．—Excuseme,canyoutellmewhereIcanfindasupermarket?—Ihappentoknow________nearby.Comeon,I’llshowyoutheway.A．one B．itC．that D．some10．Whatmadethemmissthedeadlinewasnottheirlackoffunding,but________theirlackofplanning.A．even B．stillC．rather D．ever11．Davewasa________.Becauseofhismisconductinclass,thewholeclasshadtostayafterschool.A．wetblanketB．leadinglightC．blacksheepD．darkhorse12．Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.A．shallnot B．can'tC．needn't D．mustn't13．---Didyouvisitthefamousculturalrelicslastmonth?---No,we____it,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping．A．couldhavevisited B．musthavevisitedC．can'thavevisited D．shouldn'thavevisited14．---Hi,Betty,areyoufreeatpresent?Ihavetoaskyouforafavor．----_____．Withpleasure．A．Sorry,Iambusy B．GoaheadC．Helpyourself D．Ask,please15．Itisnotonlyblindmenwhomakesuchstupidmistakes.Peoplewhocanseesometimesact__________.A．justfoolishlyB．lessfoolishlyC．a(chǎn)sfoolishlyD．sofoolishly16．Itwasintheremotemountainareas______Ispentthegapyear______Ilearnedhowtoworkwithagroupofstrangersandhowtolookaftermyself.A．where;that B．when;thatC．where;when D．that;where17．Theinnerstrengthofthegirlallowsher_____goingwhenshegetsintotrouble.A．keepB．keepingC．tokeepD．kept18．I’dneverwonderedbeforewhetherornothewaskid-friendly.Withoneglance,Iquicklythatheprobablywasn’t.A．a(chǎn)greed B．reportedC．explained D．decided19．-Areyoureadyforthehistorytesttomorrow?-No,IwishI_____theclockback.A．hadturned B．couldturnC．willturn D．wouldhaveturned20．---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot________byshipforachange?A．totrygoing B．tryingtogoC．totryandgo D．trygoing第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Theaye-aye,inthesamefamilyaspeople,monkeysandapes,isabout40cmlong,withabushytaleaboutthesamelengthasthebody.Thedarkbrownfurislongandwoolly,givingtheanimalarathershaggy(蓬松的)appearance.TheyarefoundonlyonMadagascar,anislandoffthecoastofAfrica.ItlivesinthetropicalforestsintheeastandnorthofMadagascar.Theaye-ayeismostlyarboreal(棲息在樹上的),butissometimesseenwalkingontheground.It’sactiveduringthenight,lookingaroundinthetreesforfood.Theaye-ayeisactuallythelargestprimate(靈長類動物)activeduringthenight.Largeeyeshelptheaye-ayefinditswayaboutatnight.Duringtheday,theaye-ayesleepsinanestinatree.Aye-ayesspendalmostthewholenighttravellingaboutandfeeding.Aye-ayeslivealone.Sometimespairsareseen,butbasicallylittleisabouttheirlives.Theydon’tIcapandclingtotreeslikeprimates.Theymoveaboutonallfourlegs.Theyoccasionallymakebriefcriesbutaresilent.WormsinsidedeadwoodformthelargestpartOftheaye-ayediet.Theaye-ayealsofeedsonfruit,eggs,andbambooshoots.Thefrontfeetoftheaye-ayeareunique.Allthetoesarelongandthin,butthethirdisexceptionallylong.Theaye-ayetapsonthetreetrunkandlistensformovementassearchesplaces"‘herewormsmight-belocated.Itbitesatthetreetomakehomes.thenitusesitsthirdfingertoreachinsideandhookoutworms,Thefrontteethoftheaye-ayegrowcontinuouslyandareworndownbyitseatingatbarkinitssearchforworms.Aye-ayesareclosetobegoneortotallygone.Becauseofdeforestation(伐木),orforestdestruction,theanimalshavethereforebeenforcedtoeatvillagers’crops,andmanyaye-ayesbeenhavebeenkilledwhiledoingInaddition.somepeopleonMadagascarbelievethatseeinganaye-ayeisasignthatsomeoneclosetothemwilldie,sotheykilltheanimalsonsight.1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theaye.A．lookscolorful.B．hasahairlesstail.C．likesthehotplaces.D．soundslikemonkeys.2、Theaye-aye’sthirdfingerisA．mainlytomakeholesbigenoughB．reachintotheholeforfoodC．roodhelpwalkfastonthegroundD．groundgettheanimalstofixonthetree3、Whatarereducingthenumberofaye-ayes?A．People’sactivities.B．Environmentchanges.C．Globalwarming.D．Environmentalprotection.4、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toprotecttheaye-ayes.B．Tostopforestsbeingdestroyed.C．Tomaketheaye-ayeslivebetter.D．Tointroducetheaye-ayes.22．（8分）EveryJanuary,morethan3,000peopletakepartinoneofthemostdifficultracesonEarth:theToughMancompetitionintheUK.Theparticipantsrun,swimandclimbaroundthe15kmcourse.Butthisisnonormalrace.Theserunnershavetocrawlthroughtunnels,runacrossafieldofnettles(蕁麻)andjumpoverfire.What’smore,thecompetitiontakesplaceinJanuarywhentemperaturesarefreezing.Peopletravelfromthroughouttheworldtoparticipateinit.Thecompetitionisquitedangerousandeveryyearthereareaccidents.Injurieslikebrokenbonesandcutsarequitecommon.One-thirdoftheparticipantsdonotcompleteit.Runnershavetobeveryathleticandmostpeopletrainalltheyeartoprepareforit.Therearesimilarevents,butthisisthefirstoneintheworld.Manypeopledothecompetitionbecauseitissofamous.Everyyeartheorganizerschangetheeventsandaddnewthings.Thismeansthatthecompetitionstaysthrillingandchallenging,sopeoplegobackyearafteryear.First,theparticipantsrun1kmalongamuddyroad.Next,theycrawlunderlownetsontheground.Afterthenets,therunnersjumpoffahighplatformintoalakeandswimfor1km.Then,theyreachthefieldoffire.Here,therunnersrunacrossafieldandjumpoversmallbonfires(篝火).Next,theparticipantsmustcrawlthroughalongtunnelwhichispartlyunderwater.Finally,therunnersrun2kmthroughnettlesbeforetheyreachthefinishingline.1、637．Accordingtothetext,theparticipantsinthecompetition________.A．a(chǎn)rerequiredtorun15kmB．maytaketheriskofbeinginjuredC．havetotakeamedicalexaminationD．a(chǎn)retrainedtodealwithemergencies2、639．WhatdowelearnabouttheToughMancompetition?A．Itisexcitingbutquitetough.B．Itisintendedforoverweightpeople.C．TheparticipantsaremainlyBritishnatives.D．Onlyone-thirdoftheparticipantscanmakeit.3、641．Toattractparticipants,theorganizersusually________.A．createmoreitemsB．holdthesimilaractivitiesC．holdthecompetitioninwinterD．organizethecompetitionindifferentcounties4、643．Thepurposeofthetextisto________.A．warntheparticipantsofdangerB．a(chǎn)dvertisetheToughMancompetitionC．introducetheToughMancompetitionD．informtheparticipantsofthecompetition23．（8分）TheDamagethatagingdoestoabodyextendsallthewaydowntothecellularlevel.Butthedamageincreasedbycellsinoldermusclesisespeciallysevere,becausethecellsdonotreproduceeasilyandtheybecomeweakerastheirmitochondria（線粒體）,whichproduceenergy,reduceinenergyandnumber.Astudy,however,suggeststhatcertainsortsofexercisemayremovesomeofwhattimecandotoourmitochondria.Exerciseisgoodforpeople,aseveryoneknows.Butscientistshavesurprisinglylittleunderstandingofitscellularimpactsandhowthosemightvarybyactivityandtheageoftheexerciser.Soresearchersrecentlyconductedanexperimentonthecellsof72healthybutsedentary（久坐的）menandwomenwhowere30oryoungerorolderthan64.Afterbaselinemeasureswereestablishedfortheiraerobic（有氧的）fitness,theirblood-sugarlevelsandthegeneactivityandmitochondrialhealthintheirmusclecells,thevolunteerswererandomlyassignedtoaparticularexerciseprogram.Someofthemdidintense（強烈的）weighttrainingseveraltimesaweek;somedidbriefintervaltrainingthreetimesaweekonexercisebicycles;somerodeexercisebikesatanappropriatepacefor30minutesafewtimesaweekandliftedweightslightlyonotherdays.Afourthgroup,thecontrol（對照組）,didnotexercise.After12weeks,thelabtestswererepeated.Ingeneral,everyoneexperiencedimprovementsinfitnessandanabilitytoregulatebloodsugar.Butmoreunexpectedresultswerefoundinthebiopsied（活組織檢查）musclecells.Amongtheyoungersubjectswhowentthroughintervaltraining,theactivitylevelshadchangedin274genes,comparedwith170genesforthosewhoexercisedmoreappropriatelyand74fortheweightlifters.Amongtheoldergroup,almost400geneswereworkingdifferentlynow,comparedwith33fortheweightliftersandonly19fortheappropriateexercisers.Manyoftheseaffectedgenes,especiallyinthecellsoftheintervaltrainers,arebelievedtoinfluencetheabilityofmitochondriatoproduceenergyformusclecells;thesubjectswhodidtheintervalexerciseshowedanincreaseinthenumberandhealthoftheirmitochondria—animpactthatwasparticularlypronouncedamongtheoldercyclists.Itseemsexercisecouldhelpcontainthedeclineinthecellularhealthofmusclesassociatedwithaging,especiallyifitwasintense,saysDr.SreekumaranNair,thestudy’sseniorauthor.Infact,olderpeople’scellsrespondedinsomewaysmorestronglytointenseexercisethanthecellsoftheyoungdid—suggesting,hesays,thatitisnevertoolatetobenefitfromexercise.1、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．exerciseMightBenefitAgingMusclesB．ExerciseMightIncreaseAgingMusclesC．ExerciseMightDoHarmtoMitochondriaD．AgingMainlyOccursintheCellularLevel2、WhatcanweknowabouttheexperimentmentionedinParagraph2?A．Volunteerscannotbegoodatexercising.B．Allvolunteersmusthavethesamebaseline.C．Itwascarriedoutamongtheyouthofdifferentsexes.D．Volunteersreceivedarandomparticularexerciseprogram.3、HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?A．Byanalyzingeverygroup’sdifferentdata.B．Bycomparingeverygroup’strainingtime.C．Bylistingeverygroup’sdifferenttraining.D．Bydescribingeverygroup’strainingresults.4、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that______.A．theexperimentdidnotgetexpectedresultsB．ridingexercisebikeshasnoinfluenceonthevolunteersC．weightliftingisthemostusefultrainingamongtheseexercisesD．intervaltrainingbringsstrongerinfluencetotheelderthantotheyouth5、Theunderlinedword“contain”canbereplacedby“______”.A．change B．stopC．record D．cause24．（8分）Mydreamofworkinginaflowershophaditsrootsinmygrandmother'sgarden,alwaysinbloom,whereImadebuncheswithwhateverIcouldgetmyhandson.However,Iwasn'tpreparedforthepeople.TheirstoriesimpressedmelongafterIlockedupforthenight.Ialwaysenjoyedreadingthemessagesthatwentalongwitheachbunch.Mostwerewhatyouwouldexpect,plentyof“ILoveYou”and“GetWellSoon.”Wegot“HappyBirthday,”“HappyAnniversary”and“ThinkingofYou”requeststhatphonemessageswerewritteninshorthand:H.B．,H.A．,T.O.Y.Iwouldlaughatmessagesthatseemedtoosugaryorboring,anditdisheartenedmewhencustomersaskedwhattheirsympathycardshouldsay.ButIalsounderstoodthatfindingtherightwordscanbeamonumentaltaskandthatsometimesthosewordsjusthappentobethesameoneseveryoneelseisusing.Ihavesoldflowerstosinglemenandwomen;tocolor-blindfathersshoppingwiththeirprecociousdaughters,tonewparents,grandparents,auntsanduncles,toengaged20-somethingsandcouplescelebrating50years.I'vegivenflowerstohomelessmenwhohaveinturngiventhemtoprettygirlsinsummerdresses.Peoplebuyflowerswhenthey’reinlove,introuble,drunk,devastated,excitedandsometimesfornoobviousreason.Itookphotosofcardmessagesandtoldmyfavoriteshopstoriestoco-workers,familyandfriends,butstillsomuchhasgottenaway.Preciousmomentsmadeallthemorepreciousbythefactthattheyhavealreadycomeandgone.NowIgaugemonthsbywhat'sinseason:sunflowersinJuly,dahlias（大麗花）inAugust,rosesandmapleinOctober,pineinDecember,hyacinth（風信子）inMarch.Afavoriteofmineistulipmagnolia（紫玉蘭）,thewaythebuds（花蕾）breakintoflowersandtheflowersintomanycolorsonlawns,allinamatterofweekswhileit'ssnowingcherryblossoms.Howsurprisinglybeautifulthelifeofflowerscanbe.1、Whydidtheauthorlikereadingthemessagesgoingwiththebunches?A．Theyconveyedfriendship,loveandbestwishes.B．Theyremindedtheauthorofhispast.C．Theyweresugaryandtheauthorfoundthemfunny.D．Theyhelpedtoattractcustomerstobuyflowers.2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．Themessageswereboringbecauseofrepetitions.B．Theauthorlikestulipmagnoliabecauseofitsgrowingplace.C．Theauthorfounditdepressingtotalkaboutsympathycards.D．Theauthorlearnedalotinhergrandmother'sgarden.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gauge"probablymeaninParagraph5?A．Spend.B．Forget.C．Arrange.D．Measure.4、Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromtheflowershop?A．Sheunderstandsthateveryonehasafavoriteflower.B．Shelearnsthatlifeismorebeautifulwithflowers.C．Sherealizesthatflowerssellwellwithmessagecards.D．Shefindsoutthatmessagecardsareworthcherishing.25．（10分）Haveyoueverwonderedwhatwildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?Lowcost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasofferedabighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lowingcatsinthenorthernRockyMountains.Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe“private”momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.GrantHarrisisagovernmentbiologistwiththeUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Inhiswords,“there’snodoubtthatthesewildcamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife.”Harrissaidsomeimageshelpscientistsseetheeflectsofclimatechange.ResearcherswiththeWyomingMigrationInitiative,orWMI,areamongthoseusingwildcamerasalongwithglobalpositioningsystems,orGPS.ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS.However,camerascanbeleftinverywildareasfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Wildvideocanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,wildcamerashavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverinesandbearssometimesattackthem.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“document”inparagraph2mean?A．Remind. B．Enrich.C．Appreciate. D．Record.2、Whichisadisadvantageofwildcameras?A．Theycannotbeleftinthewildoveralongperiod.B．Theycannotbeplacedinhard-to-reachareas.C．Theyprovidelimitedinformation.D．Theymightbestolenbypeople.3、Whydosomepeopleargueagainstusingwildcameras?A．Itisdifficulttofixthecameras.B．Ithelpshuntersfindanimalseasily.C．Itishardtoachievecarefulplanning.D．Itmakesanimalsinterestedinthecameras.4、Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardswildcameras?A．Doubtful. B．Positive.C．Uncertain. D．Uncaring.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）ThisisatruestoryofMother’sSacrificeduringtheJapanEarthquake.Aftertheearthquake,therescuersreachedtheruinsofayoungwoman’shouse.Theysawherdeadbodythroughthecracks.However,her1wasstrangeasshekneltonherknees;herbodywas2forward,andhertwohandsweresupportedbyanobject.Thecollapsedhousehad3onherbackandhead.Withmanydifficulties,theleaderoftherescueteamputhishand4anarrowgaponthewalltoreachthewoman’sbody.Hewas5thatthiswomanwouldbestillalive.However,thecoldandstiffbodytoldhimthatshehadpassedaway6Heandtherestofthe7leftthehouseandweregoingtosearchthenextcollapsedbuilding.Forsomereason,theteamleaderwas8byaforcetogobacktothehouseforthedeadwoman.Thistime,hecarefullypassedhishandthroughthe9crackstosearchthelittlespaceunderthedeadbody.Suddenly,hescreamedwith10,“Achild!Thereisachild!”Thewholeteamworkedtogether.Theycarefully11thepilesofruinedobjectsaroundthedeadwoman.Therewasathree-month-oldboy12inhismother’sbody13,thewomanhadusedherbodytoprotecthersonwhenthehousecollapsed.Thelittleboywasstillsleeping14whentheteamleaderpickedhimup.Themedicaldoctorcamequicklytoexaminethelittleboy15heopenedtheblanket,hesawacellphoneinsidetheblanket.Therewasatext16onthescreen.Itsaid,“Ifyou17,youmustrememberthatIloveyou.”Thiscellphonewaspassedaroundfromonehandtoanotheramongtherescuers.Everybodythatreadthemessage18.Asisknown,itismother’s19lovethatprotectsusfromcoldandhunger,butatcertain20points,itismother’slovethatsheltersusfromdangeranddeath.1、A．expression B．position C．pose D．behavior2、A．placing B．leaning C．falling D．relying3、A．stood B．covered C．slipped D．crashed4、A．a(chǎn)cross B．beyond C．through D．beneath5、A．hoping B．confirming C．determining D．predicting6、A．inadvance B．forsure C．onpurpose D．inhonour7、A．team B．villagers C．doctors D．volunteers8、A．a(chǎn)rouse B．a(chǎn)ttacked C．grasped D．driven9、A．broad B．smooth C．narrow D．deep10、A．sorrow B．excitement C．satisfaction D．disappointment11、A．removed B．discovered C．wrapped D．folded12、A．delivered B．blocked C．held D．treasured13、A．Unfortunately B．Obviously C．Coincidently D．Hopefully14、A．helplessly B．unconsciously C．peacefully D．bitterly15、A．Until B．Since C．Before D．After16、A．telephone B．letter C．information D．message17、A．survive B．wake C．live D．spot18、A．relieved B．sighed C．signed D．wept19、A．unconditional B．permanent C．fundamental D．unbearable20、A．meaningful B．critical C．controversial D．influential第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Overthepastfewdays,ayoungadult,maybeinhisearlytwenties,hasbeensleepingonthesidewalkinfrontofapostbox.As1．matteroffact,everytimeI2．(drive)by,Iwouldseehimthere;onetimeheseemed3．(lose)inthought.I’veofferedhimacoupleofdrinksfromStarbucksonetimeandJambaJuicetheother.He4．(polite)acceptedbothbutsaidverylittle.Forthepasttwomornings,I5．(make)himbreakfastatmyhomeandthendroppingitofftohim6．heslept.Thismorning,besidesfood,IaddedaYouMattercardandlefthimanotejust7．(let)himknowthatsomeonecaresabouthim.Ihopetotalkwithhimsomedayandhearhisstory.Itoldmyownsonaboutgivingthemanbreakfast.Isaid,“Ihopesomeonewouldbekindtoyouifyouwereinhisposition.“Mysonresponded8．“Thankyou.”Forme,lifeisabouttryingtoseeothersasfamily,orevenas9．(I).Evenifwearenotvery10．(wealth),wecanhelpotherswithourefforts.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。TodayisSunday.Theskyisfullofsunshine,sodoesmylife.Atabout9:00a.m.,Igotothebookstorewithmyfriends.Therewasalotofnewbooks,Ididn'tknowwhichonetobuy,becausethesebookswerebothusefultome.Atlast,Ichosetwo.At10:00,wewenttothecinema;thefilmcallingTitanicwasverypopular.Ittookusabout3hourstoseeit.Havingseenthefilm,a