非謂語動(dòng)詞課件講義

主語賓語定語表語補(bǔ)語狀語TodoV-ingV-ed非謂語動(dòng)詞功能表主語賓語定語表語補(bǔ)語狀語TodoV-ingV-ed非謂1非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing過去分詞done

現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)態(tài)

被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone

完成式havingdonehavingbeendone動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式todo2Trueorfalse?1.Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.2.Jackhavingnotcometothepartygreatlydisappointedme.5.Itisbadmannersofyoutostareataguest.6.Youareconvenienttotravelaround.4.Walkaftersupperisveryusefultome.3.Doyoumindmesmokinghere?7.It’suselesstostudyEnglishwithoutpractice.Trueorfalse?5.Itisbadman32.動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語可以由for短語表示。如果邏輯主語與前面的形容詞有主表關(guān)系，則由of短語表示。而-ing形式的邏輯主語可用名詞或代詞的普通格或所有格來表示。如：2.動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語可以由for短語表示。如果4不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做狀語的區(qū)別

不定式作狀語一般表示目的,(onlytodo意外結(jié)果，nevertodo)

1.Theyrantothehalltotalkabouttheplan(目的)2.Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(結(jié)果)(句式)

3.Wearegladtohearthenews.(原因,形容詞后）

現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞作狀語一般表示其他狀語.注意以下3種作狀語都表示被動(dòng)Beingdone進(jìn)行Havingbeendone強(qiáng)調(diào)完成Done一般的形式不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做狀語的區(qū)別5Protectedbyguardsthen,hefeltsafe.Livinginthecountryformanyyears,heknewalittleaboutfarming.Hehurriedtheretohopetogettheform.4.Theystoodbytheroadsideandwatchingtheperformance．Didn’tknowwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.6.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.7.Thepopsinger,followedbytwobodyguards,cametomeethisfans.8.Havingalotofdebts,thebossofferedhimawell-paidjob.Protectedbyguardsthen,hef6Trueorfalse?1.Customerscan’tavoidpersuadingtobuywhattheydon’tlikeatall.2.Thenursesneedtolookafterthepatientswantingtocarefor.3.I’dlovetocometotheparty,butIwastoobusy.4.Itisbeginningraining.5.Heregrettedtohaveraisedobjection.6.Nobodyispermittedsmokinginpublic.7.Youneedn’ttotellhimnow,hehappenedtohavebeeninformedalready.8.--Iusuallygotoworkbybus.--whynottryridingforachange?9.Thevirusisbelievedspreadingfast.Trueorfalse?1.Customers7作賓語應(yīng)注意的問題

A.只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞和詞組：

finish,admit,allow,avoid,escape,risk,suggest,consider(考慮),imagine,delay(,mind,appreciate,enjoy,miss(錯(cuò)過),practise,deny(否認(rèn)),insiston(堅(jiān)持),lookforwardto,beworth,devote…to,setabout(動(dòng)手去做),putoff(推遲),can’thelp,cannotstand(不能忍受),keep,giveup(放棄),getdownto,payattentionto,beusedto,turnto,devote…to,stickto,risk,excuse,forgive等等作賓語應(yīng)注意的問題A.只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞和詞組：8易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)回顧：下面短語中的to是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞：belongto,objectto(反對(duì))，devoteoneself/one’stime/energyto，getdownto(著手干……)，leadto(通向，導(dǎo)致)，payattentionto，lookforwardto(盼望)，beusedto(習(xí)慣于)，stickto(堅(jiān)持),seeto,referto,turnto等。Eg:Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgiveupthejob.Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgivingupthejob.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)回顧：Hiswholefamilyobjecte9B.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別不大的有：

like,love,start,begin,continue,prefer,hate,等C.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別較大的有：rememberdoingsth.（記得做了某事）

remembertodosth.（記住去做某事forgetdoingsth.（忘記做過某事）forgettodosth.（忘記去做某事)B.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別不大的10stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）stoptodosth.（停下來去做某事）trydoingsth.（試著做某事）trytodosth.（盡力去做某事）meandoingsth.（意味著做）meantodosth.（意欲/打算去做）regretdoingsth.（后悔做過某事）regrettodosth.（對(duì)要做的事表示歉）:tell/say/inform…stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）11goondoingsth.（繼續(xù)做同一件事）goontodosth.（接著做另一件事）beusedtodoingsth.（習(xí)慣于做某事）beusedtodosth.（被用來做某事）can’thelpdoingsomething（情不自禁…）can’thelptodosomething（不能幫助做….）goondoingsth.（繼續(xù)12D.allow,advise,forbid,permit的特別用法。1.Thedoctoradvisedtakingaweek’srest.2.Thedoctoradvisedustotakeaweek’srest.3.Wewereadvisedtotakeaweek’srest.1.Theydon’tpermit_______carshere.2.Theydon’tpermitanyone___hiscarhere.3.Carsarenottopermitted_______here.D.allow,advise,forbid,per13E.need,require,want的特別用法。1.TheTVsetneedsrepairing(toberepaired).2.Ithinkyourgardenwantswatering(tobewatered).3.Thepatientsrequired______(lookafter).4.Theyneed_____(borrow)anecklace.E.need,require,want的特142.下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式：afford,agree,ask,attempt,choose,decide,hope,expect,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等。(F)Heofferedhelpingme.(T)Heofferedtohelpme.2.下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式：15Translation.一個(gè)書面答復(fù)2.二手房3.來年4.批改過的作業(yè)5.聽起來不錯(cuò)的主意

6.正在召開的會(huì)議7.下次討論的主題8.上周組織的活動(dòng)9.正在攻讀學(xué)位的人

10.在國外工作多年的專家

11.最后一個(gè)離開的人12.冰雪覆蓋的草原13.感到失望的觀眾14.令人失望的回應(yīng)15.昨天來參觀的人Translation.16不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別Theschooltobebuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbeingbuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschool,havingbeenbuiltfortwoyears,，isintendedforthedisabledchildren.即將要建的正在建設(shè)的去年建的（這形式也表示一般現(xiàn)在的被動(dòng)。）花了兩年多建設(shè)的,(僅作非限定性)不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別即將要建的正在建17.Heplannedtomakeupforthelosttimeintheyearstocome..Theroomfacingsouthis….Thematerialfeelingsmoothwasheseasily..Thehousebelongingtohimisunderrepair..Therisingsunlookssobright..Thebelovedteacheriseasy-going..Ausedcarisasgoodasanyother..Awritingdeskisusedfor…即將到來的習(xí)慣狀態(tài)正在進(jìn)行一般現(xiàn)在的被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞，指用途.Heplannedtomakeupforth181.不定代詞something,nothing,little,much,alot等習(xí)慣上用不定式做定語Ihavesomethingtodotonight.Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish.2.get/fetch/find/givesb…todo.

1.不定代詞something,nothing,litt19asleepingcarasmokingroom

listeningpractice

anopeningspeechabookingofficerunningwater臥鋪車吸煙室聽力練習(xí)開幕詞售票處自來水a(chǎn)sleepingcarasmokingrooml20不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別:A>ordersbtodo/ordersthtobedoneB>havesbdoC>havesthdoneD>(not)have…doing/havesbdoingallmorningE>with…+賓語+賓補(bǔ)F>不定式to的省略情況不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別:21

非謂語動(dòng)詞中的句型

1)Itis+nouse/good(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,...)等名詞+doingsth.Itisnousecrying.2)Thereisnouse(good/point/sense/harm)+doingsth

做某事沒用

Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk．

非謂語動(dòng)詞中的句型

1)22Predicative1.Herwishis_________(成為工程師).2.Herjobis_____(看護(hù))thechildren.3.Hisattention____________(集中于)whathewasdoing.4.Theywere________（震驚）atthenews.5.Thedoor______________(仍然未鎖).6.Whattheysawwas_________（令人震驚）.7.Nowadays,theyare________(忙于)theprogramme.Predicative23下列動(dòng)詞的形容詞有兩種形式（-ed/-ing）excite,interest,disappoint,encourage,discourage,puzzle,amaze,surprise,astonish,shock,confuse,amuse,delight,tire,satisfy,please,worry…特別注意不常用的非謂語形式:(背誦例句)tobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendoinghaving(been)done下列動(dòng)詞的形容詞有兩種形式（-ed/-ing）243.疑問詞who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式構(gòu)成一種特殊的不定式短語:

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(主語)Idon’tknowwhattodo．我不知道該怎么辦。(賓語)

Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver．(表語3.疑問詞who，what，which，when，where251.Dareyoutosayso?Trueorfalse?2.Wewouldrathernottotellaboutit.3.Thereisnochoicebutgotothedoctor.4.thereisnothingtodobutwait.5.–Haveyoujoinedtheclub?--no,butI’mgoingto.6.Heisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.7.Hedidn’tattendit,becausehewastoldnotto.8.Hedidn’tpayanyattention,butheshould.1.Dareyoutosayso?26

主語賓語定語表語補(bǔ)語狀語TodoV-ingV-ed非謂語動(dòng)詞功能表主語賓語定語表語補(bǔ)語狀語TodoV-ingV-ed非謂27非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing過去分詞done

現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)態(tài)

被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone

完成式havingdonehavingbeendone動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式todo28Trueorfalse?1.Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.2.Jackhavingnotcometothepartygreatlydisappointedme.5.Itisbadmannersofyoutostareataguest.6.Youareconvenienttotravelaround.4.Walkaftersupperisveryusefultome.3.Doyoumindmesmokinghere?7.It’suselesstostudyEnglishwithoutpractice.Trueorfalse?5.Itisbadman292.動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語可以由for短語表示。如果邏輯主語與前面的形容詞有主表關(guān)系，則由of短語表示。而-ing形式的邏輯主語可用名詞或代詞的普通格或所有格來表示。如：2.動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語可以由for短語表示。如果30不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做狀語的區(qū)別

不定式作狀語一般表示目的,(onlytodo意外結(jié)果，nevertodo)

1.Theyrantothehalltotalkabouttheplan(目的)2.Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(結(jié)果)(句式)

3.Wearegladtohearthenews.(原因,形容詞后）

現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞作狀語一般表示其他狀語.注意以下3種作狀語都表示被動(dòng)Beingdone進(jìn)行Havingbeendone強(qiáng)調(diào)完成Done一般的形式不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做狀語的區(qū)別31Protectedbyguardsthen,hefeltsafe.Livinginthecountryformanyyears,heknewalittleaboutfarming.Hehurriedtheretohopetogettheform.4.Theystoodbytheroadsideandwatchingtheperformance．Didn’tknowwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.6.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.7.Thepopsinger,followedbytwobodyguards,cametomeethisfans.8.Havingalotofdebts,thebossofferedhimawell-paidjob.Protectedbyguardsthen,hef32Trueorfalse?1.Customerscan’tavoidpersuadingtobuywhattheydon’tlikeatall.2.Thenursesneedtolookafterthepatientswantingtocarefor.3.I’dlovetocometotheparty,butIwastoobusy.4.Itisbeginningraining.5.Heregrettedtohaveraisedobjection.6.Nobodyispermittedsmokinginpublic.7.Youneedn’ttotellhimnow,hehappenedtohavebeeninformedalready.8.--Iusuallygotoworkbybus.--whynottryridingforachange?9.Thevirusisbelievedspreadingfast.Trueorfalse?1.Customers33作賓語應(yīng)注意的問題

A.只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞和詞組：

finish,admit,allow,avoid,escape,risk,suggest,consider(考慮),imagine,delay(,mind,appreciate,enjoy,miss(錯(cuò)過),practise,deny(否認(rèn)),insiston(堅(jiān)持),lookforwardto,beworth,devote…to,setabout(動(dòng)手去做),putoff(推遲),can’thelp,cannotstand(不能忍受),keep,giveup(放棄),getdownto,payattentionto,beusedto,turnto,devote…to,stickto,risk,excuse,forgive等等作賓語應(yīng)注意的問題A.只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞和詞組：34易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)回顧：下面短語中的to是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞：belongto,objectto(反對(duì))，devoteoneself/one’stime/energyto，getdownto(著手干……)，leadto(通向，導(dǎo)致)，payattentionto，lookforwardto(盼望)，beusedto(習(xí)慣于)，stickto(堅(jiān)持),seeto,referto,turnto等。Eg:Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgiveupthejob.Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgivingupthejob.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)回顧：Hiswholefamilyobjecte35B.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別不大的有：

like,love,start,begin,continue,prefer,hate,等C.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別較大的有：rememberdoingsth.（記得做了某事）

remembertodosth.（記住去做某事forgetdoingsth.（忘記做過某事）forgettodosth.（忘記去做某事)B.既可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，且意思區(qū)別不大的36stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）stoptodosth.（停下來去做某事）trydoingsth.（試著做某事）trytodosth.（盡力去做某事）meandoingsth.（意味著做）meantodosth.（意欲/打算去做）regretdoingsth.（后悔做過某事）regrettodosth.（對(duì)要做的事表示歉）:tell/say/inform…stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）37goondoingsth.（繼續(xù)做同一件事）goontodosth.（接著做另一件事）beusedtodoingsth.（習(xí)慣于做某事）beusedtodosth.（被用來做某事）can’thelpdoingsomething（情不自禁…）can’thelptodosomething（不能幫助做….）goondoingsth.（繼續(xù)38D.allow,advise,forbid,permit的特別用法。1.Thedoctoradvisedtakingaweek’srest.2.Thedoctoradvisedustotakeaweek’srest.3.Wewereadvisedtotakeaweek’srest.1.Theydon’tpermit_______carshere.2.Theydon’tpermitanyone___hiscarhere.3.Carsarenottopermitted_______here.D.allow,advise,forbid,per39E.need,require,want的特別用法。1.TheTVsetneedsrepairing(toberepaired).2.Ithinkyourgardenwantswatering(tobewatered).3.Thepatientsrequired______(lookafter).4.Theyneed_____(borrow)anecklace.E.need,require,want的特402.下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式：afford,agree,ask,attempt,choose,decide,hope,expect,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等。(F)Heofferedhelpingme.(T)Heofferedtohelpme.2.下列動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式：41Translation.一個(gè)書面答復(fù)2.二手房3.來年4.批改過的作業(yè)5.聽起來不錯(cuò)的主意

6.正在召開的會(huì)議7.下次討論的主題8.上周組織的活動(dòng)9.正在攻讀學(xué)位的人

10.在國外工作多年的專家

11.最后一個(gè)離開的人12.冰雪覆蓋的草原13.感到失望的觀眾14.令人失望的回應(yīng)15.昨天來參觀的人Translation.42不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別Theschooltobebuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbeingbuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschool,havingbeenbuiltfortwoyears,，isintendedforthedisabledchildren.即將要建的正在建設(shè)的去年建的（這形式也表示一般現(xiàn)在的被動(dòng)。）花了兩年多建設(shè)的,(僅作非限定性)不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別即將要建的正在建43.Heplannedtomakeupforthelosttimeintheyearstocome..Theroomfacingsouthis….Thematerialfeelingsmoothwasheseasily..Thehousebelongingtohimisunderrepair..Therisingsunlookssobright..Thebelovedteacheriseasy-going..Ausedcarisasgoodasanyother..Awritingdeskisusedfor…即將到來的習(xí)慣狀態(tài)正在進(jìn)行一般現(xiàn)在的被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞，指用途.Heplannedtomakeupforth441.不定代詞something,nothing,little,much,alot等習(xí)慣上用不定式做定語Ihavesomethingtodotonight.Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish.2.get/fetch/find/givesb…todo.

1.不定代詞something,nothing,litt45asleepingcarasmokingroom

listeningpractice

anopeningspeechabookingofficerunningwater臥鋪車吸煙室聽力練習(xí)開幕詞售票處自來水a(chǎn)sleepingcarasmokingrooml46不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別:A>ordersbtodo/ordersthtobedoneB>havesbdoC>havesthdoneD>(not)have…doing/havesbdoingallmorningE>with…+賓語+賓補(bǔ)F>不定式to的省略情況不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別:47

非謂語動(dòng)詞中的句型

1)Itis+nouse/good(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteof