時(shí)間和原因狀語(yǔ)從句

AdverbialClausesofTimeUnit4Grammar(1)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：when,while,as,before,after,till,until,since,assoonas,themoment,immediately,everytime,nexttime,thefirsttime,once等。

when,while,as表“當(dāng)...時(shí)”的異同

：

相同點(diǎn): 當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，三者常 可互換i.e.

When/While/Aswewerestilllaughing,theteachercamein.

不同點(diǎn): 1)when既表“時(shí)間段”又表“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”(=duringor atthetimethat),從句中動(dòng)詞既可是終止性的， 也可是持續(xù)性的，還可表“正在這時(shí)”i.e.(1).WhenIarrivedthere,theywerewatching TV.

(2).

WhenIwasyoung,Ilikedsingingand dancing.

2)while只表“時(shí)間段”(=duringthetimethat),從句中動(dòng)詞只限于持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，它有時(shí)含對(duì)照之意，表“然”而i.e. (1)Hefellasleepwhilehewasstudyinghisgrammarbook.

3)as用法與when相似，但它側(cè)重動(dòng)作的同時(shí)性，表“一邊...一邊...”，還表“隨著”i.e. (1)Theytalkedastheywalked. (2)Astimegoesby,wegetwiser.1.when---正在…的時(shí)候，突然…

IwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenImethim.Oneevening,littleHanswassittingnearthefirewhen

heheardaloudknockatthedoor.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhen

mysistercamein.Hehadjustgotbackhomewhen

thetelephonerang.我正準(zhǔn)備告訴他那個(gè)秘密，這時(shí)有人拍了拍我的肩膀。Iwasabouttotellhimthesecretwhensomeonepattedmeontheshoulder.Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.1.Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden______itwasthebesttimeforit.

A.whereB.whenC.that D.until2.---DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?---Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock____hearrivedhome.

A.beforeB.whenC.that D.until3.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.

A.why B.whereC.whenD.while1)ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,______thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.

A.since B.whenC.as D.while2)______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.

A.While B.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.連接詞while的用法小結(jié)

1)while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對(duì)比。如：Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2)while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。3)while可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于although。

While

IwaswaitingforTom,threebuseswentby.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework,whilemyhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.While

modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.

when/whiledoing:1)When/WhileIwaslookingthroughthepaper,InoticedafewgrammaticalmistakesWhen/Whilelookingthroughthepaper,Inoticedafewgrammaticalmistakes.2)Whilehewaswanderingthroughthesquare,hecaughtsightofasnake-charmerWhilewanderingthroughthesquare,hecaughtsightofasnake-charmerwhen/whiledoneWhenweweretakenroundthecity,wewereimpressedbythecity'snewlook.Whentakenroundthecity,wewereimpressedbythecity'snewlook.3.not…until---直到……才Hedidn’tgetoffthebusuntilitstopped.Notuntilthebusstoppeddidhegetoffit.Itwasnotuntilthebusstoppedthathegotoffit.直到被送入手術(shù)間時(shí)，他才明白遵守交通規(guī)則的重要性。Hedidn'trealizetheimportanceofobservingthetrafficregulationsuntilhewassentintotheoperatingroom.1.---Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?---Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim___hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when2.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’’curiosity___hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot___shetookoffherdarkglasses___Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then小結(jié)：till,until和not…until：1.until/till引引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀狀語(yǔ)從句用用于肯定句句時(shí)，主句句的動(dòng)詞是是延續(xù)性性動(dòng)詞，表表示動(dòng)作或或狀態(tài)一直直持續(xù)到until/till所表表示的時(shí)間間，意為““某動(dòng)作一一直延續(xù)到到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)點(diǎn)才停止””。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否否定句時(shí)，，主句謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非非延續(xù)性動(dòng)動(dòng)詞，從句句為肯定，，意為“某某動(dòng)作直到到某時(shí)間才才開(kāi)始”。。如：Theboywon’tgotobedtill/untilhismumreturns.3．till不可以以置于句首首，而until可可以。如：：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)調(diào)和倒裝說(shuō)說(shuō)法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.4.before---在………之前HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.現(xiàn)在就做，，免得你忘忘記了。Doitnowbeforeyouforgetit.幾個(gè)星期過(guò)過(guò)去了我才才意識(shí)到那那幅畫(huà)丟了了。SeveralweekshadgonebybeforeIrealizedthepaintingwasmissing.ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.五年后我們們才會(huì)再見(jiàn)見(jiàn)面呢。Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.我們將作進(jìn)進(jìn)一步的討討論，然后后再作出最最終的結(jié)論論。Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedraw/makeafinalconclusion.1.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as2.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when3.---Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?---Herushedoutoftheroom___Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after4.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.because連接詞before的小結(jié)：：Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.Before從句中中謂語(yǔ)不用用否定式。。如：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.1)句型Itwillbe/was＋段時(shí)時(shí)間＋before…“還要要過(guò)多久才才…”Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2)句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋段時(shí)時(shí)間＋before…“不多多久就…””Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.3)句型Itis＋段時(shí)間間＋since…時(shí)時(shí)間的計(jì)算算一律從since從句的動(dòng)動(dòng)作完成成或狀態(tài)結(jié)結(jié)束時(shí)算起起。Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.1)Applyitafterwettingyourhairwithwarmwater.Youapplyitafteryouwetyourhairwithwarmwater2)Aftershampooing,squeezeouttheextrawaterandapplyconditioner.Afteryoushampoo,yousqueezeouttheextrawaterandapplyconditioner3)Afterwashingouttheshampoo,applytheconditionerandcombitintoyourhair...Afteryouwashouttheshampoo,youapplytheconditionerandcombitintoyourhair...4)Beforetheywereshownaroundit,thevisitorswatchedavideoaboutthemuseum.Beforebeingshownaroundit,thevisitorswatchedavideoaboutthemuseum.before/afterdoing/beingdone5.since---自從……,通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成成時(shí)IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot.Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.---HaveyouknownMr.Smithforalongtime?---Yes,sincehe____ourBadmintonClub.A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.joinedIhaveknownhimeversincehewasaboy.Hehadworkedheresincehehadgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Itis(hasbeen)twoyearssincehecamehere.Itwas(hadbeen)twoyearssincehehadcomehere.6.nosooner……than---一………就………Hehadnosoonerfallenasleepthanheheardaknockonthedoor.(nosooner…than…用于于句首要求求倒裝)Nosoonerhadhefallenasleepthanheheardaknockonthedoor.Hardly…when……Scarcely……when…他剛離開(kāi)家家，天就開(kāi)開(kāi)始下雨了了。(Hardly)Hardlyhadhelefthomewhenitbegantorain.7.assoonas---DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?---Yes,IgaveherthemomentIsawher.一些詞，，如themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner……than等也也可引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)時(shí)間狀狀語(yǔ)從句句，相當(dāng)當(dāng)于assoonas的的意思。。Ididn’’twaitamoment,butcameimmediatelyyoucalled.一些含有有time的名名詞短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)，如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime,thefirsttime等，以以及theday,theyear,themorning等，，也可引引導(dǎo)一個(gè)個(gè)時(shí)間狀狀語(yǔ)從句句。Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.8.Thefirsttime等Ithoughtherniceandhonest____Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttimeUnit4Grammar(2)AdverbialClausesofReason原因狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句because,as,since,nowthat,和和consideringthat,seeingthat這這六個(gè)個(gè)連詞都都用于表表示表示示原因,但在在語(yǔ)氣上上一個(gè)比比一個(gè)弱弱.IcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’’sbeginourmeeting.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthedictionary.Hemustbeill,forheisabsentfromthemeeting.1.由由于準(zhǔn)備備充分，，他在面面試中一一點(diǎn)也不不緊張。。(not…atall)Becausehewaswell-prepared,hedidn’tfeelnervousatallduringtheinterview.2.____you'vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas3.____everybodyknowsaboutit,Idon'twanttotalkaboutitanymore.A.ForB.EvenC.SinceD.However4.Didhecome____hewantedhelp?A.sinceB.asC.becauseD.nowthat1.Itwas____itwastooexpensivethatIdidn’tbuyit.A.sinceB.asC.becauseD.nowthat2.Hegotthehighestmarksinthefinalexam.Itwasall____hehadworkedveryhard.A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.because3.Itrainedlastnight,____thegroundiswetthismorning.A.sinceB.asC.becauseD.for4.____adifficultsituation,soyoushouldsendhimamessageandgivehimsomeadvice.A.AsheisinB.HeisinC.BeinginD.Hebeingin1.今今天下午午我沒(méi)空空，我和和牙醫(yī)有有約。(appointment)IamnotfreethisafternoonbecauseIhaveanappointmentwithmydentist.2.我我不需要要買(mǎi)新車(chē)車(chē)，我的的那輛舊舊車(chē)還很很好。Idon’tneedtobuyanewcar,becausemyoldoneisstillingoodcondition.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyouneverlisten?Howcanyouhopeformercywhenyoushownone?Hepaidforaseatwhenhecouldhaveenteredfree.Weliveinanagewhenmanythingsaredoneonthecomputer.ThetimeisnotfarawaywhenChinacansendamannedspaceshiptothemoon.9、靜夜夜四無(wú)無(wú)鄰，，荒居居舊業(yè)業(yè)貧。。。12月月-2212月月-22Saturday,December24,202210、雨中黃葉葉樹(shù)，燈下下白頭人。。。21:10:5921:10:5921:1012/24/20229:10:59PM11、以我獨(dú)沈沈久，愧君君相見(jiàn)頻。。。12月-2221:10:5921:10Dec-2224-Dec-2212、故人江海海別，幾度度隔山川。。。21:10:5921:10:5921:10Saturday,December24,202213、乍乍見(jiàn)見(jiàn)翻翻疑疑夢(mèng)夢(mèng)，，相相悲悲各各問(wèn)問(wèn)年年。。。。12月月-2212月月-2221:10:5921:10:59December24,202214、他他鄉(xiāng)鄉(xiāng)生生白白發(fā)發(fā)，，舊舊國(guó)國(guó)見(jiàn)見(jiàn)青青山山。。。。24十十二二月月20229:10:59下下午午21:10:5912月月-2215、比比不不了了得得就就不不比比，，得得不不到到的的就就不不要要。。。。。十二二月月229:10下下午午12月月-2221:10December24,202216、行行動(dòng)動(dòng)出出成成果果，，工工作作出出財(cái)財(cái)富富。。。。2022/12/2421:10:5921:10:5924December202217、做前，能夠夠環(huán)視四周；；做時(shí)，你只只能或者最好好沿著以腳為為起點(diǎn)的射線(xiàn)線(xiàn)向前。。9:10:59下午9:10下下午21:10:5912月-229、沒(méi)有失敗，，只有暫時(shí)停停止成功！。。12月-2212月-22Saturday,December24,202210、很多多事情情努力力了未未必有有結(jié)果果，但但是不不努力力卻什什么改改變也也沒(méi)有有。。。21:10:5921:10:5921:1012/24/20229:10:59PM11、成功功就是是日復(fù)復(fù)一日日那一一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小小努力力的積積累。。。12月月-2221:10:5921:10Dec-2224-Dec-2212、世間間成事事，不不求其其絕對(duì)對(duì)圓滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)，留留一份份不足足，可可得無(wú)無(wú)限完完美。。。21:10:5921:10:5921:10Saturday,December24,202213、不知香積積寺，數(shù)里里入云峰。。。12月-2212月