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崇明區(qū)2021屆第二次高考模擬考試試卷英語(考試時間120分鐘,滿分140分。請將答案填寫在答題紙上)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.D.Advisethewomantojointhebiologydepartment.twanttotransferB.Shedoesn'tthinkherbrothershouldtransfer.D.Advisethewomantojointhebiologydepartment.twanttotransferB.Shedoesn'tthinkherbrothershouldtransfer.A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.A.Atoydesigner.B.Ashopassistant.A.Frank.B.Aggressive.A.Theirphysicsclass.C.Themid-termexam.A.Takealatertrain.C.Waitanother20minutes.A.Hedoesn'tlikeshopping.C.HissuitfitsJameswell.A.Shecanhelpthemantomorrow.C.Thelibrarywillhiremorepeople.A.Workasanadviserfortheclub.C.Introducetheprofessortothewoman.A.HerbrotherdoesnC.Inaclinic.D.Inauniversity.C.Atrainconductor.D.Aschoolteacher.Inconsiderate.D.Responsible.B.Correctingamistake.Findingaprivateteacher.B.Gotothecityonweekdays.D.Checktheweekendschedule.B.Hedoesn'twanttoattendwedding.D.Hissuitistoooldtowear.B.Themanshouldleavethelibrary.D.It'snormalforthatperiodoftime.Asktheprofessortoheadtheclub.Herbrotheristryingtotalkwithher.D.She'stalkedtoherbrothersincehetransferred.A.ThemanlikesDr.White'slessoBs.Themanhasdroppedthecourse.C.Thewomancanskiptheexperiments.D.Thewomanhastocontinuethecourse.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Sixty-onepercentoftheworldsfoodiswastedeveryyear.Wastedfoodismostlyfromstoresandfoodservicecompanies.Foodwasteismoreseriousinrichcountriesthaninpoorcountries.Lackofcoldstorageisthemaincauseoffoodwasteinpoorcountries.A.Cuttingfoodprices.C.Eliminatingstarvation.A.Improperwaysofmanufacturingfood.Unclearinstructionsonfoodcontainers.B.Stoppingthedestructionofnature.Lesseningcarbondioxideemissions.Highfrequencyoffoodpromotion.D.Lackofdeadlinesforfoodconsumption.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Reducingtheworkinghoursoffooddeliveryriders.Classingfooddeliveryridersascompany-employed.Ensuringtheuseofnewtechnologyinfooddelivery.Definingthedutiesoffooddeliverycompaniesandriders.A.Toensuretheriders'rights.B.Topublicizethedigitalprocesses.C.Topromotethedigitaleconomy.D.Toimprovefooddeliveryservice.A.Itlowerstheriders'pay.B.Itrestrictscustomers'freedom.C.Itreducesthenumberofriders.D.Itharmsintellectualpropertyrights.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theircollectionsofalbums.C.Thelivingofmusicians.A.Theyaresharedtoowidely.C.Theyignorethepopularsongs.A.Toavoidadvertisements.C.Toaccessbetterplaylists.A.Togetfreequalitysongs.Tovaluetheworkofmusicians.B.Theirdifferenthabitsofenjoyingmusic.Thevariousmeansofstreamingmusic.B.Theyharmtherightsofmusiclovers.D.Theyonlyfocusonapartofanalbum.B.Tolistentomusicofhigherquality.D.Tosavestoragespaceonthephone.B.Toenjoymusicconveniently.D.Tocommunicatewithmusicfans.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PhotographersTurnTheirCamerasonPetsIn2019photographersKendrickBrinsonandDavidWalterBanksvisited14countriesonassignment.Whenthecoupledescribedtheadventures(21)theyhadexperiencedwhenphotographing,peopleinvariablyasked,“Butwhotakescareofyourfourcatsanddogs?”丁thatthepetsitter(臨時看護(hù)寵物的人)madealotofmoney.But2020couldn'thavebeen(22)(different).DuetoCOV1D9,BrinsonandBanksneverlefttheUnitedStates.Often,theydidn'tevenleavetheirLosAngelesneighborhood.(23)spendinglonghoursinairportsecuritylinesandwaitingfortheperfectlighting,thepairstayedalongwithdogsTuxandTiaandcatsRexandKudzu."Ourpetsbecameemotionaltherapyanimals,andouronlyfriendswecouldsafelyhuginaworld(24)(strike)byadeadlypandemic(大流行病),”Bankssaid.AsCOVID-19lockdownssweptacrosstheworldinMarchof2020,thechangemadeanespeciallygreatimpactonphotographers,whoareaccustomedto(25)(spend)longperiodsabroad.Andsomanycameras(26)(turn)onadomesticsubject:thepet.Researchsuggeststhatpetshaveofferedemotionalsupportduringthepandemic,helping(27)(make)thelongdaysofisolationmorebearable,saysEmilyMcCobb,aclinicalassociateprofessoratCummingsSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineatTuftsUniversity.Infact,thepandemichasspedupatrend,accordingtoMcCobb'sandotherscientistsobservation,(28)thepetisbecomingamemberofthefamily."Inthepast20to30years,theroleofthepetilyt(29fami(take)onawholenewrole,"saysMcCobb."Itreallyhasn'tbeenthatlong(30)thesefurrychildsubstitutesgainedthiskindofimportanceinAmericansociety.”SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.vacantB.raisedC.acknowledgesD.quotedE.alertsF.colonialG.housedH.formerI.recommendationsJ.requestsK.reviewsMuseumsRethinkWhattoDowithTheirAfricanArtCollectionsRecently,adiscussionishappeninginmuseumsaroundtheworldoverthevolumeofAfricanartintheircollections.OfficialsinGermanyandtheNetherlandshaveannouncedplanstoreturnartandartifacts(文物)takenfromAfricaduringthe31period.AndmoremuseumstaffaremeetingonthetopicacrossEurope.Accordingtothemostcommonly32figuresfromUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization),90%to95%ofsub-Saharanculturalartifactsare33outsideAfrica.ManyweretakenbyforcelongagoandendedupinmuseumsacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica.AttheAfricaMuseuminBelgium,directorGuidoGryseelssays85percentofthemuseumcollectioncomesfromtheCongo—thesiteofBelgium',34colonyinCentralAfrica.Fordecades,Congoleseleadershaveaskedfortheseobjectstobereturned.Mostoftheir35,andthosebyAfricancountriestoothermuseums,havebeenrefused.ButrecenteventsinEuropehave36thepossibilityofreturnsatamuchlargerscale.InadditiontotheplansannouncedinGermany,lastyearFranceconductedastudyofhowmuchAfricanartFrenchmuseumsareholdingandmade37aboutwhattodowithit.Thestudyrecommendedthereturnofawiderangeofobjectstakenbyforce.Thesuggestiongotmixed38inFrance,wherethereareatleast90,000Africanitemsinmuseums.InFrance,somepeoplehavesuggestedreturnscouldleaveshelves39inFrenchmuseums.C6cileFromont,aFrenchhistorianofCentralAfricanart,saysthat'snotgoingtohappen.Onethinkingaboutit,shesays,isthatmoreAfricanartcangoondisplay.However,GuidoGryseelsoftheAfricaMuseuminBelgium40thatattitudesarechanging.Hesayshe'sindiscussionwiththeCongotoreturnworks.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Around13,000yearsagoNorthAmericahadawidervarietyofmammals(哺孚L動物)thanmodernAfrica.Thereweremultiplehorsespecies,camelsandsomenow-extinctanimals.Andsuch_41creatureswerenotjustfoundinNorthAmerica.Oneverycontinentmammalsonaveragewerealotlargerfromaround2.5millionuntilabout11,700yearsago.Scientistshavelongdebatedwhatcausedalltheselargecreaturestogoextinctwhilemanyofthesmallerones_42.AteamofresearchersledbybiologistFelisaSmithanalyzedevidencefrommillionsofyears'worthofmammalianextinctionsandfoundthatoneachcontinentlargemammalsstartedto43aroundthesametimehumansfirstshowedup.Iftheextinctiontrendcontinues,manymorelargemammalswillsoondisappearaswell,astheprimarythreatsfromhumanshave<4fromoverhuntingtoindirectprocessessuchashabitatloss.IntheirnewstudySmithandherteamanalyzedadatabaseofalllandmammalsthatlivedfrom65millionyearsagountiltoday."We5foundoeffectofclimateonmammalianextinctionover65millionyears,“shesays.Butstartingaround125,000yearsagonaindinguntiltoday,largemammalshavebeenmorelikelytogoextinctthansmallerones,theresearchersfound.Theaverage46ofsurvivingmammalshasdecreasedasaresult.Andthoselarge-mammalextinctionsaretightlycoupledwiththe47ofhumans.Formostofmammalian48history,ananimal'ssizewasnotpredictiveofitsextinctionrisk.That49onlyappearedoncehumansbegantolivealongsidelargemammals.

Thisfindingdoesnotmeanclimate-relatedchangescouldnothave50somewildlifepopulations,enablinghumanstomoreeasilybringabouttheireventualdownfall.51,itsuggeststhegreaterlikelihoodoflargemammalsgoingextinctistiedtohumanactivities.Theanimalsthatevolvedwithouttheriskofhuntingfromhumansweresuddenlyfacedwithanew52.Theysimplycouldnot53fastenoughtosurvivetheinvasionofhumans.Smithsaysthelessontobelearnedfromthenewfindingsisthatourancestorspreparedustobeextremelyskillfulkillers.54Whatow,“shesays,“isthatsomeofusarecomfortableenough,haveahighenoughstandardofliving,thatwecanstartthinkingaboutouruseoftheEarth.thansimplybehavingas55,manyofusarenowinapositiontobecomeenvironmentalprotectors.41.A.smartB.massiveC.marineD.ancient42.A.survivedB.shrankC.escapedD.returned43.A.hideawayB.makeoffC.breakupD.dieout44.A.fadedB.restoredC.improvedD.expanded45.A.absolutelyB.predictablyC.exclusivelyD.potentially46.A.weightB.speedC.sizeD.appetite47.A.productionB.appearanceC.explorationD.cruelty48.A.recordedB.contemporaryC.evolutionaryD.ancient49.A.linkB.contactC.adaptationD.distinction50.A.enlargedB.stressedC.impressedD.dominated51.A.MoreoverB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.Rather52.A.speciesB.hopeC.ruleD.threat53.A.growB.digestC.withdrawD.adapt54.A.instructiveB.fashionableC.differentD.marvelous55.A.sponsorsB.creatorsC.consumersD.designersSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)tsureiftheyAstheCOVID-19pandemichithard,fishermenwatchedtheirmarketsdryup.Restaurants—normallymajorfishbuyers——closedorcutbackorderssignificantly.Fishermenwerenweregoingtogetpaidforwhattheyfished.tsureiftheyMeanwhileaspeoplelostjobs,foodbanksstartedtoseeagreatdemandforservices.Thingsweregettingdesperate,withlonglinesforfoodassistanceinmanystates.Outofthesedualcrises,anewideawasborn.Foodassistanceprogramsacrossthecountryhavestartedconnectingwithlocalfishermentostockuponlocalseafood,manyforthefirsttime.Andthearrangementseemstobehelpingthefishermen,theeconomyandthoseinneedofhealthyfood.AccordingtoCatherineD'Amato,CEOoftheGreaterBostonFoodBank,thenetworkusuallykeepsfourorfiveweeksoffoodonhandincaseofemergencies.Thepandemichit,and”weourselvesbelowoneweekofstockandgoingdownrapidly,“shesays.That'sbecausethefoodbanknormallydistributesabout1millionpoundsoffoodaweek,andthatbecame2.5millionpoundsoffoodaweek,D'Amatosays.WhileCongressandthestateshaveincreasedfundinganddonationsforfoodbanksduringthepandemic,ithasn'tbeenenough.“Formanyyears,wehavebeenwantingtobeabletoworkwithorganizationsinthefishingindustry,"D'Amatosays.Butit'scomplicated.Fishermencatchalotofbigfish,andfoodbankswhomighttakeitneedtheproductstobecutsmallandeasytouseforcustomers.Italsohastobefishtheyknowandrecognize.Thebarriershavebeentoohighinmanyplacestomakeitwork.Butthisspring,thestatedepartmentofagricultureconnectedthefoodbankwithsomegrantmakers.TheytalkedtosomelocalfishermenaboutdevelopingatraditionalNewEnglandfishsoup.Thegrantspaidfishermenfortheircatchandprovidedmoneyforalocalmanufacturertoprocess,freezeanddeliverthesouptofoodbanksinfamily-sizeservings.Thesoupishelpingtofeedfamiliesandkeepfishermenfishing.Thefishermenhopetosellitinstoressoon,andD'Amatohopestopurchasemoresoupandexpandintonewseafoodproductsforhercustomers.Thepassageismainlyabout.thefoodshortageduringtheCOVID-19pandemicthecooperationbetweenfishermenandfoodbanksthedramaticimpactthepandemichadonfishermenthenewseafoodproductmanufacturedforfoodbanksWhatdodualcrises"inparagraph3referto?Fishermen;sdifficultyinstoringseafoodandthedeclineoftheeconomy.Fishermen'sdifficultyinsellingfishandfoodbanks'needformorefood.Theclosureofrestaurantsandfoodbanks'greatdemandforfoodassistance.Manypeople'sunemploymentandmanystates'badservicesinfoodindustry.Accordingtoparagraph5,CatherineD'Amatothinksthat.fishermenshouldstarttoprocessfishB.manyfishesareunknowntocustomersthere'sagapbetweensupplyandneedD.thefishingorganizationsaretooindependent59.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthefishsoup.A.increasesfishermen'sproductivityB.iscommonlyconsumedbylocalfishermenmakesfoodbanksrethinktheirproductsD.isproducedbyfoodbanksinatraditionalway

Ccurrtms*WorldHealthOrganization(B)Emergencies*Mta*AboutU昌*WhoweneedWearelookingfortalentedandpassionatepeopletoworkforhealth.WHOiscommittedtoachievingworkforcevariety,aimingtoachieveabroadrepresentationofnationalsofourmembercountries.Particularattentionispaidtocandidatesfromdevelopingcountriesandgenderbalance.Selectionofstaffismadeonacompetitivebasis.AllpostsarefilledinaccordancewithWHOsabilitymodel.TherearetwokeycategoriesofstaffatWHO:professionals(P)ordirectors(D)whoareinternationallyrecruited(招募)andgeneral(G)ornationalprofessional(NPO)staffwhoarerecruitedlocallyforbothfixedorshort-termpositions.Wealsoruninternship(實習(xí))andopportunitiesforjuniorprofessionalofficers(JPOs).lnt?rnatiandllYrecrurt^d|POfD)Ccurrtms*WorldHealthOrganization(B)Emergencies*Mta*AboutU昌*WhoweneedWearelookingfortalentedandpassionatepeopletoworkforhealth.WHOiscommittedtoachievingworkforcevariety,aimingtoachieveabroadrepresentationofnationalsofourmembercountries.Particularattentionispaidtocandidatesfromdevelopingcountriesandgenderbalance.Selectionofstaffismadeonacompetitivebasis.AllpostsarefilledinaccordancewithWHOsabilitymodel.TherearetwokeycategoriesofstaffatWHO:professionals(P)ordirectors(D)whoareinternationallyrecruited(招募)andgeneral(G)ornationalprofessional(NPO)staffwhoarerecruitedlocallyforbothfixedorshort-termpositions.Wealsoruninternship(實習(xí))andopportunitiesforjuniorprofessionalofficers(JPOs).lnt?rnatiandllYrecrurt^d|POfD)Professionalstaffanddirectorsarehiredinternationallyandoccupyleadershipfunctionsorpositionsthatrequireasignificantleveloftechnicalknowledge.PorDstaffaremobileandareexpectedtoworkacrosstheglobe.JuniorprotessiorwlafficerprogrjmmtLocallyrecruited{GorNPO|口■=■■,===-======,1==internshipsGeneralServicestaffarehiredlocallyattherespectivedutystation.Theirmainroleistoworkwithandsupportinternationallyrecruitedstaffintheirrolesandtoassurethesmoothfunctioningofalladministrativematters.NationalProfessionalOfficersarenationalsofthecountryinwhichtheyserveandperformfunctionsofaprofessionalnaturerequiringlocalknowledge,professionalknowledgeandexperience.Weofferinternshipsforcurrentstudentswitheducationalbackgroundinpublichealth,managementoradministrationfields.RecruitmentTheJuniorProfessionalOfficer(JPO)Programmeprovidesyoungprofessionalsatanearlystageintheircareerwithpracticalexperienceininternationaltechnicalcooperation.JPOsaresponsoredbytheirrespectivegovernments.RelativesofWHOStaff:Exceptwhereanotherequallywellqualifiedpersoncannotberecruited,appointmentshallnotbegrantedtoapersonwhobearsanyofthefollowingrelationshipstoastaffmember:father,mother,son,daughter,brotherorsister.Candidatesundertheageof20andabovetheageof62willnotbeconsideredforanyvacancy.PolicyonNon-RecruitmentofSmokers:WHOhasasmoke-freeenvironmentanddoesnotrecruitsmokerswhodonotindicateawillingnesstostopsmoking.ThispolicyunderscorestheOrganization'scommitmenttopromotingasm-fteeenvironment.Theabovewebpageaimsat.A.recruitingvolunteersforWHOB.achievingabroadrepresentationofnationalsC.explainingthefunctionsofWHOD.providinginformationaboutWHOpositionsWhatkindofapplicantswilldefinitelybeturneddownaccordingtotherestrictions?A.Malesintheirlater60s.B.Peoplewhohavehealthproblems.C.ChildrenofWHOstaff.D.Candidateswithasmokinghistory.Whatcanbelearnedfromthewebpage?GeneralServicestaffarerecruitedallaroundtheworld.JuniorProfessionalOfficersworkforlocalgovernments.Currentstudentsmajoringinengineeringcanapplyforinternships.D.Professionalsanddirectorsareaninternationallymobileworkforce.(C)Aseismic(地震的;重大的)shiftinclimatesciencemightbeheatingup.Newresearchshowsthatsoundwavesproducedbyearthquakescanbeusedtomeasuretemperaturesintheoceanwhichtraps90%oftheheatEarthabsorbsfromthesun,makinglong-termchangesinoceanwarmth,amajorfactorinhowtheworldmightrespondtoglobalwarming.ForyearsthemainapproachofmeasuringoceantemperaturehasbeenArgo,anarray(陣歹U)of4000automaticfloats,whichdriftstheglobe,samplingoceanwaterandmeasuringitstemperature.YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.Thenewtechniquecalled“SeismicOceanThermometry"wouldbeespeciallyusefulindetectinglong-termchangesinoceantemperaturesdeeperthanArgo'sreach.“OceanAcousticTomography”,thebasisefc口rrentresearch,wasfirsttestednearly30yearsago.Theinitialstudiescreatedsoundwavesartificially,basicallyincreasingthevolumeongiantunderwaterspeakers.Scientistsmeasuredthesound'traveltimefromthespeakerstoreceiversthousandsofkilometersaway.Becauseoceantemperaturesaffectthespeedofthewaves,theresearcherscouldcalculateaveragetemperaturesalongtheirpaths.Butsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookoff.Thenewstudyinsteadusesanaturalsoundsourceforinvestigation:earthquakesmakingalow,continuousnoisebeneaththeseaflooroffthecoastofSumatrathatdrumupsoundwavesintheocean.OntheshoresoftheChagosIslandsintheEastIndianOcean,between2005and2016SeismicStationDiegoGarciarecordedseismicwavesproducedbythoseearthquakes.Someofthosewavescreatedphysicalchangesinlandandseaastheytraveled.OthersweresoundwavesorTwavesthatmovedthroughthedeepocean,deliveringvaluabledataaboutoceantemperature.12yearsofdatacoupledwithmathematicalmodelspointedtoatemperaturechangeofroughly0.044degreesperdecade,atrendlargerthanthosepredictedbyArgo.ThefindingssuggestthatSeismicOceanThermometryisafeasiblemethodtomeasurechangesinoceantemperature.Furtherdatafromotherregionsoftheglobeandothertimeframeswouldhelpimprovethewarmingmodelsandpredictions.Andinfuturestudiestheresearchersplantolistendirectlyforsoundwaves,usinganetworkofhydrophones,microphoneswhichdetectsoundwavesunderwater.Soundwavessetthetoneforadeepdiveintoourwarmingoceanseveniftheyfailtoreach60000milesunderthesea.WhatdisadvantagedoesArgohave?A.Itsreachislimited.B.Ittakeslongtocollectsamples.C.Itdoesn'tworkglobally.D.Itspredictionisn'treliableatall.ItcanbelearnedthatOceanAcousticTomography.wastestedmanytimesbutneversucceededremainedunpopularforfearofpotentialharmwasassumedtobetoocomplicatedtobecontrollablemeasuredoceantemperaturejustasthenewresearchdoes65.Itcanbeinferredfromthenewfindingsthat.somewarmingisworkingitswaydeeperintotheoceanoceantemperatureisrisingfasterowingtoearthquakessoundtravelsfasterincolderwaterthaninhotterwatersoundwaveswillslowdownthewarmingoftheocean66.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?SoundWavesFirstAppliedtoClimateScienceNewFactorsFoundtoBeHeatinguptheOceanANaturalApproachHoldingBackGlobalWarmingOcean’sHiddenHeatMeasuredwithEarthquakeSoundsSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Butthechallengeisfiguringouthowtocollecttheenergyfromthosewinds.Kitepowerhasthepotentialtogreatlyimproveoncurrentwind-powerstrategies.Windatthesealtitudes(海拔高度)isstrongerandsteadierwhichincreasesproductivityfactorsofthesystemtoabout60%.Itsplanistobuildakitepowerstationusingtechnologythatcancollectivelygenerate(產(chǎn)生)largeamountsofenergy.Nevertheless,theysuccessfullydemonstratedthattheirkitescouldoperateautomaticallyatanaltitudeofupto700meters.Aftertheinitialcostofdesigningandsettinguptheplant,littleadditionalinvestmentwillbenecessary,apartfromstandardmaintenance.KitePowerThesearchfornew,cleanenergysourceshasoccupiedtheattentionofscientistsandpoliticiansforyears.Onecommonresourceforgreenenergyisthewind.Anewtwistonthisoldresourcecouldcausetheenergyoutputofwind-powerplantstorisedramatically.Standardwind-powerplantsrelyonfixedsupportandgenerallycanonlyreachaheightof200metersorso.Higherthanthat,windstendtobestrongerandmorepersistent.67DelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlandsandKarlsruheUniversityofAppliedSciencesinGermanyhaveformedakite-powerresearchgroup.Thegroupisworkingtodevelopkiteswithinflatable(可充氣的)wingsconnectedtoelectricalgeneratorsontheground.Theresearchgroup'sgoalistodesignakitethatcanoperateonitsownfor24hours.Researchhasbegun,butmanychallengesremain,includingmakingthegeneratorsmoreefficientandperfectingtheautomaticflightcontrolandthestructureofthekites.68Meanwhile,inItaly,researchersareworkinginasimilarpowergeneratorthatreliesonkites.Whenthegenerator,calledKiteGen,sensesthewindblowing,kitesarereleasedfromtheendsofpoleswithhigh-resistancecablestocontroltheirheightandangle.Thesecablesareabletomovethekitesifthesystemsensesincomingobjectssuchasplanes,helicoptersorevenindividualbirds.Thekitesthemselvesarelight,toughandabletoreachfairlyhighaltitudes.Theyformacircularshapeinthewind,whichsetsthecoreofthegeneratorinmotion,producingelectriccurrent.KiteGenhasthepotentialtobeverycost-effectiveinthelongrun.69Theplantalsorequiresrelativelylittlespace,whichmakesitidealforcitiesandmeansthatmultipleplantscanbesetuptoprovideevenmoreenergy.70Inthefuture,itmaybeanefficient,cost-effectiveadditiontotheothersourcesofenergyweuse,orevenareplacementforsomeofthem.

SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.RoboticExoskeletonsRoboticThankstoroboticexoskeletons,victimsofspinalcord(脊髓)injuryhaveanewRoboticreasontohope.Roboticexoskeletons,consistingofmetallegs,motors,batteries,wiring,acontrollerandasetofstrips,worktogetherliketheusermusclesandnerves-outsidethebody.Fastenedintoanexoskeletonandsupportedbysticks,userscandirectthemachinerytotakethemwheretheywanttogo.Inadditiontopartlyrestoringmobility,roboticexoskeletonsofferthesignificantmentalandphysicalhealthbenefitsofstandingupandmoving.Justbeingabletogetupfromawheelchairgivespatientsamorenatural,positiveviewoftheworld.Italsohelpsrelievepressureonpatientsskinandreducesthedangerofpressuresores.Standinguprightstrengthensadisabledperson'musclesandbones,improveshearthealth,andreducescertainotherhealthcomplications(并發(fā)癥).Anditmayactuallyresultinpartialnerverepair,somethingthatcanonlyhappenwhenapatientisabletomove.Aspromisingasthistechnologyis,however,itisnosimplecure-allforparalysis(癱瘓)oritscomplications.Themotionisnotaccuratecomparedwithnaturalwalking,andexoskeletonsarenoteasytouse,especiallyonsurfacesthatarenotsmooth.Theyareveryexpensive,costingaboutUS$100,000.Healthinsuranceplansandgovernmentprogramsmaynotcoverthecostofbuyingone.Nevertheless,roboticexoskeletons,andaccesstothem,willcontinuetoimprove.Aswithmuchmoderntechnology,roboticexoskeletonswilllikelybecomemorecapableandeasytouse,evenastheircostgoesdown.Governmentsandinsurersmayincreasinglyseethatthehealthbenefitsofthesewalkingmachinesoutweighthecosts,makingiteasiertofundthem.Perhapsthedaywillcomewhennearlyeveryoneparalyzedbyspinalcordinjurywillbeableto"walk"again.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..她為了紀(jì)念已故母親拍了這部電影,卻不料大受歡迎。(memory).這位老人盡管生活條件一般,卻似乎很滿足于退休后自由自在的生活。(content).這位剛畢業(yè)的年輕老師特別熱愛這份工作,不斷地追求卓越,所以同事們都寄予他厚望。(pursue).只有提前了解所申請學(xué)校的要求,且充分做準(zhǔn)備,你才有可能在面試中脫穎而出。(Only)VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.76.中華中學(xué)為了建設(shè)書香校園,計劃在教學(xué)樓道內(nèi)設(shè)計一些“讀書角”。為此,學(xué)校向廣大師生征求意見。假設(shè)你是該校學(xué)生王宏,給負(fù)責(zé)的張老師寫一封電子郵件,提出你的建議與理由。你的郵件應(yīng)包括:?對“讀書角”的內(nèi)容、布置、管理等的建議;?說明這些建議的理由。注:文中不得提及你的真實姓名或?qū)W校。崇明區(qū)2021屆第二次高考模擬考試英語參考答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)I.ListeningComprehension(共25分。第1至10小題,每題1分;第11至20小題,每題1.5分。)1.C2.B3.A4.D5.D6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D11.D12.D13.C14.B15.A16.D17.B18.D19.A20.CII.GrammarandVocabulary(共20分。每小題1分。)21.that/which22.moredifferent23.Insteadof/Ratherthan24.struck/stricken25.spending26.wereturned27.(to)makewhere/thathastaken30.since31.F32.D33.G34.H35.J36.B37.I26.wereturned27.(to)makewhere/thathastaken30.since31.F32.D33.G34.H35.J36.B37.I38.K39.A40.CReadingComprehension(共45分。第41至55小題,每題1分;第56至70小題,每題2分。)41.B42.A51.D52.41.B42.A51.D52.D61.A62.D43.D44.D53.D54.C63.A64.B45.A46.C55.C56.B65.A66.D47.B48.C57.B58.C67.A68.E49.A50.B59.C60.D69.F70.BSummaryWriting(共10分)Roboticexoskeletons,akindofmachineryworkingoutsidethebody,giveparalyzedpatientsnewhopetostandorwalkagain.Theybenefitpatientsalotbothphysicallyandmentally.Butcurrently,they'rehardtouseforlackofaccuratemotionanddifficulttoaccessforhighcosts.Butthesituationisimprovingwithmoderntechnology.(55words)檔次內(nèi)容語百A55B44C33D22E11F00評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):.本題總分為10分,其中內(nèi)容5分,語言5分。.評分時應(yīng)注意的主要方面:內(nèi)容要點、信息呈現(xiàn)的連貫性和準(zhǔn)確性。.詞數(shù)超過60,酌情扣分。各檔次給分要求:內(nèi)容部分:A.能準(zhǔn)確、全面地概括文章主旨大意,并涵蓋主要信息。B.能準(zhǔn)確概括文章主旨大意,但遺漏個別主要信息。C.能概括文章主旨大意,但遺漏部分主要信息。D.未能準(zhǔn)確概括文章主旨大意,遺漏較多主要信息或留有過多細(xì)節(jié)信息。E.幾乎不能概括文章的主旨大意,未涉及文中有意義的相關(guān)信息。F.完全未作答或作答與本題無關(guān)。語言部分:A.能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述。B.能用自己的語言較連貫、正確地表述,但有個別語言錯誤。C.基本能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述,但連貫性較差,且有少量不影響表意的語言錯誤D.基本能用自己的語言表述,但連貫性較差,且嚴(yán)重語言錯誤較多。E.幾乎不能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述。F.完全未作答或作答與本題無關(guān)。V.Translation(共15分)Shemadethefilminmemoryofherlatemother,onlytobewellreceived.Theoldmanseemstobecontentwiththefreelifeafterretirementdespitehisaveragelivingconditions.Theyoungteacherwhoisfreshoutofschoollovesthejobverymuchandkeepspursuingexcellence,sohiscolleaguesplacehighhopesonhim.Onlybylearninginadvanceabouttherequirementsoftheschoolyouaregoingtoapplytoandgettingfullyprepared,canyoupossiblystandoutintheinterview.翻譯評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):1、第1-2題,每題3分。第3題4分,第4題5分。2、在每題中,單詞拼寫、標(biāo)點符號、大小寫錯誤累計每兩處扣1分。3、語法錯誤每處扣1分。每句同類語法錯誤不重復(fù)扣分。4、譯文沒有用所給單詞,扣1分。VI.GuidedWriting(共25分)檔次內(nèi)容語百組織結(jié)構(gòu)A9-109-105-4B7-87-83C5-65-62D3-43-41E0-20-20評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):.本題總分為25分,按A,B,C,D,E五個檔次給分。.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來衡量,確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。其中,內(nèi)容和語言兩部分相加,得15分或以上者,可考慮加4-5分,15分以上下只能考慮加0,1,2,3分。.詞數(shù)少于70,總分最多不超過10分。.評分時,應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為:內(nèi)容要點、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性及語言的得體性。.拼寫與標(biāo)點符號是語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個方面,評分時,應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫和詞匯用法均可接受。.如書寫較差,以至影響交際,將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次。.內(nèi)容要點可用不同方式表達(dá),對緊扣主題的適當(dāng)發(fā)揮不予扣分。崇明區(qū)2021屆第二次高考模擬考試英語試卷聽力錄音文字ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.M:Excuseme,whereshallIregister?W:Here,please.Tellmeyoursymptomsbrieflyandshowmeyourregistrationcard.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?M:Canyourecommendsomethingthataschoolboyof7or8willreallylike?W:I'dsuggestthistoytrain,sir.It'sanexcellentbrand,verypopularallovertheworldthesedays.Q:What'sthemostprobableoccupationofthewoman?M:I'msurprisedthaarahtoldherbosshewaswrongtohavefiredhissecretary.W:ThatisSarah.Ifshehasanopinion,everyonewillknowit.Q:WhatdoesthewomanthinkofSarah?W:I'mhavingahardtimekeepingupwithmyphysicsclass.I'mthinkingofhiringatutor.M:Don'tmakeamistakeImadelastsemester.I'dadviseyoutowaitun-ierrftejxhmmidQ:Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?M:Doyouknowwhattimethetraingoestothecity?W:Normally,it'severy20minutes.Butit'sweekend,soI'mnotsure.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplythemanshoulddo?W:I'mthinkingofgettinganewsuitforyoutoweartoJames'wedding.M:Ijusthopemyoldsuitstillfits.YouknowhowIfeelabo

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