高三英語(yǔ)閱讀表達(dá) 學(xué)情反饋

OneofmyChinadialoguecolleaguesinBeijingrecentlyboughtaPhilipsenergy-savinglightbulbtoreplaceastandardone.Hewashappywithhischoice.Itmayhavecost30yuan(justunderUS$4.50)–tentimesthepriceofafilament（燈絲）bulb–buthewantedtosaveenergyaspartofhislow-carbonlifestyle.Andaccordingtotheshopkeeper,hewouldsave,inthelongrun,muchmorethanthe30yuanhewasspending.Yetonlyonemonthlater,hisexpensivelightbulbblewup,beforehehadsavedevenasmallpartofthepurchaseprice.Willhesticktohishigh-cost,low-carbonlifestyle?

China’senvironmentalorganizationshavestartedtoadvocatelow-carbonlifestylesandthedecreaseofcarbonfootprintstohelpfightagainstclimatechange.Buttheyhaveoverlookedonefact:inChina,low-carbonlivingcomesatahighcost.Itmeansbuyingenergy-savingbulbsandappliances,andenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterialsanddailygoods.Costcannolongerbetheonlystandardforpurchases.Anenergy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyproductismoreexpensivethanastandardalternative–whetherit’sasimplelightbulborthehouseitshines.Foraverageconsumers,evenbuyinganordinarybulbisahugeburden.Howcanwepersuadeordinarypeopletochooseanenergy-savingresidence?Thisisnotatrendtheycanaffordtofollow;perhapsthisfashionisonlyfortherich.Mostconsumerstodaydonotcausehugecarbondioxide(CO2)emissions.Theirresponsibilityliesnotinchoosingalow-carbonlifestyletoday,butinavoidingahigh-carbonlifeinthefuture.InChina,low-carbonlivingstillisresistedbyalackofsocialinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).Evenifyoursalaryallowsyoutomakethatchoice,nobodyistheretohelpyouaccomplishit.Considerenergy-savinghomes.Youneedtofindoutwhetherornotthedeveloperhasusednaturalmaterialswhereverpossible;howeffectivetheinsulation(絕緣物、隔熱物)is;andwhatthegreencredentials(證件)ofinstalledequipmentare.Youcanreadupalittle,butyou’llstillbeluckytoavoidbeingpuzzledbythedevelopers’marketing.Manyso-calledenergy-savingbuildingsarenothingofthesort,andsomeareevenmoreenergy-hungrythantheaveragehome.1.Whydidthewriter’scolleaguegetanenergy-savinglightbulb?___________________________________________________________________________________2.HowdoChina’senvironmentalorganizationshelptofightagainstclimatechange?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?___________________________________________________________________________________4.What’syourattitudetowardalow-carbonlifestyle?Why?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Graspthemainideaofthepassage:Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation.thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation.Especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanyLanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot.wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000.Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.Whatistheminideaofthetext?______________________________________________________________________________.OneofmyChinadialoguecolleaguesinBeijingrecentlyboughtaPhilipsenergy-savinglightbulbtoreplaceastandardone.Hewashappywithhischoice.Itmayhavecost30yuan(justunderUS$4.50)–tentimesthepriceofafilament（燈絲）bulb–buthewantedtosaveenergyaspartofhislow-carbonlifestyle.Andaccordingtotheshopkeeper,hewouldsave,inthelongrun,muchmorethanthe30yuanhewasspending.Yetonlyonemonthlater,hisexpensivelightbulbblewup,beforehehadsavedevenasmallpartofthepurchaseprice.Willhesticktohishigh-cost,low-carbonlifestyle?

China’senvironmentalorganizationshavestartedtoadvocatelow-carbonlifestylesandthedecreaseofcarbonfootprintstohelpfightagainstclimatechange.Buttheyhaveoverlookedonefact:inChina,low-carbonlivingcomesatahighcost.Itmeansbuyingenergy-savingbulbsandappliances,andenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterialsanddailygoods.Costcannolongerbetheonlystandardforpurchases.Anenergy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyproductismoreexpensivethanastandardalternative–whetherit’sasimplelightbulborthehouseitshines.Foraverageconsumers,evenbuyinganordinarybulbisahugeburden.Howcanwepersuadeordinarypeopletochooseanenergy-savingresidence?Thisisnotatrendtheycanaffordtofollow;perhapsthisfashionisonlyfortherich.Mostconsumerstodaydonotcausehugecarbondioxide(CO2)emissions.Theirresponsibilityliesnotinchoosingalow-carbonlifestyletoday,butinavoidingahigh-carbonlifeinthefuture.InChina,low-carbonlivingstillisresistedbyalackofsocialinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).Evenifyoursalaryallowsyoutomakethatchoice,nobodyistheretohelpyouaccomplishit.Considerenergy-savinghomes.Youneedtofindoutwhetherornotthedeveloperhasusednaturalmaterialswhereverpossible;howeffectivetheinsulation(絕緣物、隔熱物)is;andwhatthegreencredentials(證件)ofinstalledequipmentare.Youcanreadupalittle,butyou’llstillbeluckytoavoidbeingpuzzledbythedevelopers’marketing.Manyso-calledenergy-savingbuildingsarenothingofthesort,andsomeareevenmoreenergy-hungrythantheaveragehome.1.Whydidthewriter’scolleaguegetanenergy-savinglightbulb?Hewantedtosaveenergyaspartofhislow-carbonlifestyle.2.HowdoChina’senvironmentalorganizationshelptofightagainstclimatechange?Tohelpfightagainstclimatechange,China’senvironmentalorganizationshavestartedtoadvocatelow-carbonlifestylesandthedecreaseofcarbonfootprints.3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?Livingalow-carbonlifestyleisnoteasilyachievableinChina.4.What’syourattitudetowardalow-carbonlifestyle?Why?Ithinkcurrentlyitmightbehardforpeopletolivealow-carbonlifeineveryaspectoflife,becauseitismoney-consumingtomakeeverythinggreen,likebuildingmaterialsandfurniture.However,Ithinkitisourresponsibilitytomaintainalow-carbonstylewheneverpossible.Forinstance,bikesharingisagoodinitiativetosaveenergyandreducepollution.Forshortdistance,wecanlivealow-carbonlifebydrivinglessandbikingmore.Graspthemainideaofthepassage:Twofriendshaveanargumentthatbleaksuptheirfriendshipforever,eventhoughneitheronecanrememberhowthewholethinggotstarted.Suchsadeventshappenoverandoverinhighschoolsacrossthecountry.Infact,accordingtoanofficialreportonyouthviolence,"Inourcountrytoday,thegreatestthreattothelivesofchildrenandadolescentsisnotdiseaseorstarvationorabandonment,buttheterriblerealityofviolence".Giventhatthisisthecase,whyaren'tstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewaytheyaretaughttosolvemathproblems,drivecars,orstayphysicallyfit?Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Areportonviolenceamongmiddleschoolandhighschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturncanleadtoviolence.Theproblemisn'tinthesandwich,butinthewaystudentsdealwiththeconflict.Oncestudentsrecognizethatconflictisunavoidable,theycanpracticethegoldenruleofconflictresolution(解決)staycalm.Oncethestudentfeelscalmer,heorsheshouldchoosewordsthatwillcalmtheotherpersondownaswell.Rudewords,name-calling,andaccusationonlyaddfueltotheemotionalfirOntheotherhand,softwordsspokenatanormalsoundlevelcanputoutthefirebeforeitexplodesoutofcontrol.Afterbothsideshavecalmeddown,theycanuseanotherkeystrategyforconflictresolution;listening.Listeningallowsthetwosidestounderstandeachother.Onepersonshoulddescribehisorherside,andtheotherpersonshouldlistenwithoutinterrupting.Afterward,thelistenercanasknon-threateningquestionstoclarifythespeaker'sposition.Thenthetwopeopleshouldchangeroles.Finally,studentsneedconsiderwhattheyarehearing.Thisdoesn'tmeantryingtofigureoutwhat'swrongwiththeotherperson.