初中英語任務(wù)型閱讀分類指導(dǎo)

25/25初中英語任務(wù)型閱讀分類指導(dǎo)事物介紹Passage1SydneyisintheeastofAustralia.Itisalivelycity.It’sfamousforitsOperaHouseandtheSydneyHarborBridge.Theweatheriswarm.Thetemperatureisabout12degreesinwinter.Anditisabout35degreesinsummer.Ithasbeautifulbeachesandmanyparks.InthewestofSydney,thereisabigparkcalledtheBlueMountains.Youcanseemanyvisitorsintheparkfromdifferentcountries.It’squiteapopularpark.Theonlywaytoseethisparkisbygoingthroughabush(荒野小路).Thenyoucanfindsomenicegravel(砂礫)roads.TheroadscantakeyoutotheBlueMountains.Ofcourse,youwillneedtotravelwithfoodandwater.Itwilltakeyousomedaystoseeasmallpartofthemountains,becausetherearemanyroadstogettotheBlueMountains.Sydneyhasmanybeautifulbeaches.Twoofthemarequitefamous.TheyareBondiandManly.Bondihasanicestreetwithmanyshopsandrestaurants.Parkingisnotdifficultintheplace.Manlyisagreatbeach.Ifyouwanttogothere,youcantakeaboat.It'sacheapandgreatwaytoseetheSydneyHarbor.Itwilltakeyouabout30minutes.IfyouaregoingtovisitSydney,Ihopeyouwillenjoyit.1.WhatisSydneyfamousfor?2.WhereistheBlueMountains?3.WhydoyouspendsomedaysgettingtotheBlueMountains?4.HowcanwegettoManly?5.HowlongwillittakeyoutogettotheSydneyHarbor?[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。介紹了位于澳大利亞東部的美麗城市悉尼。文章首先向我們介紹了悉尼著名的大歌劇院和悉尼海港大橋，以與悉尼的氣候、公園和海灘，同時還說明了參觀這些公園和海灘的方式。1.OperaHouseandtheSydneyHarborBridge.[解析]題干意為：悉尼以什么而著名？根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“It'sfamousforitsOperaHouseandtheSydneyHarborBridge.”可知答案。2.InthewestofSydney.[解析]題干意為：藍(lán)山在哪里？根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“InthewestofSydney,thereisabigparkcalledtheBlueMountains.”可知答案。3.BecausetherearemanyroadstogettotheBlueMountains.[解析]題干意為：為什么參觀去藍(lán)山要花費(fèi)好多天時間？根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“…toseeasmallpartofthemountains,youneedsomedays,becausetherearemanyroadstogettotheBlueMountains.”可知答案。4.Byboat./Takeaboat.[解析]題干意為：我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)Manly?根據(jù)文章第三段第七句“Ifyouwanttogothere,youcantakeaboat.”可知答案。5.About30minutes.[解析]題干意為：你去悉尼港要花費(fèi)多長時間？由最后一段中“It’sacheapandgreatwaytoseetheSydneyHarbor.Itwilltakeyouabout30minutes.”可知答案。Passage2April1stisadayonwhich,insomecountries,peopletrytoplaytricksonothers.Ifonesucceedsintrickingsomebody,onelaughsandsays,“AprilFool!”andthenthepersonwhohasbeentrickedusuallylaughs,too.OneApril1st,abuswasgoingalongacountryroad.Thenitsloweddownandstopped.Thedrivertriedhardtostartthebus,buthefailed.Thenheturnedtothepassengerswithaworriedlookonhisfaceandsaid“Thispoorbusisgettingold.There'sonlyonethingwecandoifwewanttogethometoday.Ishallcountthree,andonthewordTHREE,Iwantyoualltoleanforwardsuddenlyashardasyoucan.Onlyinthiswaymaythebusgetstartedagain,butifyoudon’tfollowmyadvice,I’mafraidthereisnothingelseIcando.Soallthepassengersleanedbackagainsttheirseatsandgotreadyforthedriver’sorder.Thenthedriverbegantocount.“Getready,”hesaid.“One!Two!Three!”Allthepassengerstriedhardtoleanforwardwhentheyheardhislastword,andthebusimmediatelystartedagain.“AprilFool!”thedriversaidloudlywithasmile.ThepassengerssuddenlyrealizeditwasApril1standthebuswasfulloflaughter.1.WhatdopeopleusuallydoonAprilFool’sDayinsomecountries?2.Whydidthedriverstopthebus?3.WhatdidthedriveraskpassengerstodowhentheyheardthewordTHREE?4.Howdidthepassengersfeelwhenthedrivercried“AprilFool!”?5.Wasthereanythingwrongwiththebus?[主旨大意]本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過事例介紹了在愚人節(jié)那天會被別人戲弄的故事。1.Theytrytoplaytricksonothers.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在一些國家里在愚人節(jié)這天人們通常做什么？根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“April1stisadayonwhich,insomecountries,peopletrytoplaytricksonothers.”可知，他們在這一天通常互相開玩笑。由此得到答案。2.Becausehewantedtoplayatrickonthepassengers.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：司機(jī)為什么沒有停車？根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“ThepassengerssuddenlyrealizeditwasApril1standthebuswasfulloflaughter.”可知，司機(jī)想捉弄乘客。由此得到答案。3.Thedriveraskedthemtoleanforwardashardastheycould.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：當(dāng)乘客聽到“三”這個單詞時司機(jī)讓乘客做什么？根據(jù)文章第二段中“Allthepassengerstriedhardtoleanforwardwhentheyheardhislastword...”可知答案。4.Happy.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：當(dāng)司機(jī)喊出“愚人節(jié)快樂”時乘客們感覺怎樣？根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“ThepassengerssuddenlyrealizeditwasApril1standthebuswasfulloflaughter.”可知，乘客們意識到是四月一日，整輛車上都充滿了笑聲。由此得到答案。5.No,therewasn't.[解析]推理判斷題。題干意為：公共汽車有什么毛病了嗎？根據(jù)文章的解釋可知是愚人節(jié)司機(jī)同乘客們開的玩笑，由此得到答案。Passage3Theopeningceremony(開幕式)ofthe31stOlympicGameswasheldattheMaracanaStadiuminRiodeJaneiroontheeveningofFriday,August5th,2016.Followingthetradition,theceremonyintroducedeachcountrythatwouldcompeteintheOlympics.Brazilalsodidsomethingdifferent.Theyusedthisopportunitytocallformoreattentiontoclimatechangeandthedeforestation(砍伐森林)oftheAmazon.Withpartoftheopeningceremonyfocusedonourplanet,organizersfoundawayforathletestoleavetheirmarks.EachathletewasaskedtoplantseedsthatwouldbeplantedintheAthletesForestinRioandeventuallygrowintotreesinafewyears.Astheyenteredthestadium,eachreceivedaseedtoplantanativetreeofBrazil.Therewere207kinds—oneforeachcountryintheGames.Thechildrenwitheachdelegation(代表團(tuán))carriedatreeaswell.ThemetaltowersinwhichtheathletesplantedtheseedsweremovedtothemiddleofthestadiumandformedtheshapeoftheOlympicrings.Therings’color—allgreen—wasmeanttoserveasremindingthatreplantingforestsshouldbeimportant.Accordingtotheofficialprogram,thiswasthefirsttimeinOlympicOpeningCeremonyhistorytheathletesjoinedinanactionuponenteringthestadium.1.Whenwastheopeningceremonyofthe31stOlympicGamesheld?2.WhatdidBrazildothatisdifferentfromthetraditionduringtheopeningceremony?3.Howmanykindsoftreesdidtheathletesplantedduringtheopeningceremonyofthe31stOlympicGames?4.Wheredidtheathletesplanttheseeds?5.Whywere“theOlympicrings”green?[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了2016年里約熱盧奧運(yùn)會請參加入場儀式的每一名運(yùn)動員播種一顆種子。這些種子將被移種至(奧運(yùn)會場)德奧多羅地區(qū)的公園，未來將長成真正的森林。1.OntheeveningofFriday,August5th,2016.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：第31屆奧運(yùn)會開幕式是什么時候進(jìn)行的？根據(jù)文章第一段“Theopeningceremony(開幕式)ofthe31stOlympicGameswasheldattheMaracanaStadiuminRiodeJaneiroontheeveningofFriday,August5th,2016.”可知答案。2.BrazilusedthisopportunitytocallformoreattentiontoclimatechangeandthedeforestationoftheAmazon.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在開幕式上，巴西做了什么與傳統(tǒng)不同的事情？根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“Brazilalsousedthisopportunitytocallformoreattentiontoclimatechangeandthedeforestation(砍伐森林)oftheAmazon.”可知答案。3.207.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在31屆奧運(yùn)會開幕式上，有多少種樹被運(yùn)動員種植？根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“Therewere207kinds—oneforeachcountryintheGames.”可知答案。4.Inthemetaltowers.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：運(yùn)動員們在哪里種下了種子？根據(jù)文章第五段第一句“ThemetaltowersinwhichtheathletesplantedtheseedsweremovedtothemiddleofthestadiumandformedtheshapeoftheOlympicrings.”可知答案。5.Becauseitremindspeopletheimportanceofreplantingforests.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：“奧運(yùn)五環(huán)”為什么是綠色的？根據(jù)文章第五段第二句“Therings’color—allgreen—wasmeanttoserveasremindingthatreplantingforestsshouldbeimportant.”可知答案。Passage4Doyouknowwoodenshoes?Doyouknowwhoinventedthem?Probablyyoucan’tgiveananswer.Throughtheages,woodenshoeswerefoundalloverEurope.SomeevensaythattheFrenchinventedthewoodenshoes.ThefactisthatnowadayswoodenshoesareatruesymbolofHolland.WoodenshoeswerewornbytheearlyGermanswhoruledHolland.Theyworewoodenshoesbecausewoodenshoesdidn'tgetbrokeneasilyandwerecheaperthanshoesmadeofleather(皮革).InHolland,thegroundwasalwayswet.Woodenshoeswereperfectbecausetheywerewaterresistant(防水的)andeasytoputonandtakeoff.Atfirst,woodenshoesweremadebyhand.Specialcarvingtoolswereusedtomakewoodenshoes.Thelongprocessallowedashoemakertoproduceonlythreepairseachday.Today,woodenshoesaremadeonlargemachines.Theyarepaintedanddecoratedmostlybyhand.Woodenshoescankeepourfeetdryandwearingthemisevenconsideredtobehealthy.However,veryfewDutchmenwearthemnowadays.Ifyouwantapictureofsomeonewearingthem,youneedtotraveltothecountrysideinsearchoffarmersandworkers.1.Whoissaidtohaveinventedthewoodenshoes?2.Whatweretheadvantagesofwoodenshoes?3.Howmanypairsofwoodenshoesdidashoemakermakeeachdayatfirst?4.Howisapairoffinishedwoodenshoesproducedtoday?5.Canyouseeanyonewearingwoodenshoesnowadays?[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。介紹了荷蘭木鞋制作的發(fā)展過程和現(xiàn)狀，以與它們深受人們歡迎的原因。1.TheFrench.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：據(jù)說是誰發(fā)明了木鞋？根據(jù)第一段第五句“SomeevensaythattheFrenchinventedthewoodenshoes.”可知答案。2.Theydidn’tgetbrokeneasilyandwerecheaperthanleathershoes,andtheywerewaterresistantandeasytoputonandtakeoff.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：木鞋的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是什么？根據(jù)第二段中“...woodenshoesdidn'tgetbrokeneasilyandwerecheaperthanshoesmadeofleather(皮革)...theywerewaterresistant(防水的)andeasytoputonandtakeoff.”可知答案。3.Three./3.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：起初，一個鞋匠每天可以做多少雙木鞋？根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“Thelongprocessallowedashoemakertoproduceonlythreepairseachday.”可知一天僅可以做三雙。4.Theyaremadeonlargemachines,andpaintedanddecoratedmostlybyhand.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：現(xiàn)在一雙成品木鞋是怎樣生產(chǎn)出來的？根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Today,woodenshoesaremadeonlargemachines.Theyarepaintedanddecoratedmostlybyhand.”可知答案。5.Yes,Ican.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如今你能看到有人穿木鞋嗎？根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Ifyouwantapictureofsomeonewearingthem,youneedtotraveltothecountrysideinsearchoffarmersandworkers.”可知在鄉(xiāng)村還可以看到有人穿木鞋。Passage5Spacevegetablesarehealthyfood.Theyaregrownfromseeds(種子)thathavebeentakentospaceandbroughtbacktotheearth.Theyareaffectedbytheradiation(輻射)andlowgravityinspace.Whentheyarebroughtbacktotheearth,theseseedsproducevegetablesthatarebiggerandhealthierthannormalvegetables.However,somepeopleworryabouteatingspacevegetables.Theythinkthatspacevegetablesmightnotbegoodforusandcouldmakeusgetsickbecauseoftheradiationinspace.However,peopleshouldnotbefrightenedbecausespacevegetablesareveryhealthy.Herearesomefactsthatyoushouldknowaboutspacevegetables.Spacevegetablesaregrownfromseedsthatarecarefullychosen.Whenseedsarebroughtbackfromspace,theyaretestedtomakesurethattheywillbesafetoeat.Spacevegetablesarebetterforyouthannormalvegetables.Forexample,spacetomatoesstayfreshfortwentydays,whichisoneweeklongerthannormaltomatoes.Unlikegeneticallymodified(轉(zhuǎn)基因的)food,spacevegetableshavenotbeengeneticallychanged.Thismeansthatnonewgenesareputintothevegetables.Therefore,therearenodangersofeatingsomethingunknown.1.Whichfactors(因素)affectspacevegetablesinspace?______________________________________________________2.Whydosomepeoplethinkspacevegetablescouldgetthemsick?______________________________________________________3.Arespacevegetablessafetoeat?______________________________________________________4.Howlongcanspacetomatoesstayfresh?______________________________________________________5.What’sthedifferencebetweengeneticallymodifiedfoodandspacevegetables?______________________________________________________[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一種健康的蔬菜——太空蔬菜，它比普通的蔬菜更大更健康。太空蔬菜來自精心挑選的種子，它們的種子被帶到太空然后再帶回地球。當(dāng)它們被帶回地球時，它們會被檢測以確保它們能安全放心地吃。太空蔬菜的保鮮期也很長，它不含新基因，因此可以放心食用。1.Theradiationandlowgravity.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：太空里的哪些因素影響了太空蔬菜？根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Theyareaffectedbytheradiation(輻射)andlowgravityinspace.”可知答案。2.Becauseoftheradiationinspace.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：為什么人們認(rèn)為太空蔬菜會使他們生病？根據(jù)文章第一段第六句“Theythinkthatspacevegetablesmightnotbegoodforusandcouldmakeusgetsickbecauseoftheradiationinspace.”可知因?yàn)樘绽镉休椛?，因此人們認(rèn)為太空蔬菜使他們生病。3.Yes,theyare.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：太空蔬菜可以安全食用嗎？根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“However,peopleshouldnotbefrightenedbecausespacevegetablesareveryhealthy.”可知答案是肯定的。4.(Theystayfresh)Fortwentydays.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：太空西紅柿可以保鮮多久？根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“Forexample,spacetomatoesstayfreshfortwentydays...”可知太空西紅柿的保鮮期是20天。5.Spacevegetableshavenonewgenes.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：轉(zhuǎn)基因食物和太空蔬菜的區(qū)別是什么？根據(jù)文章最后一段前兩句“...spacevegetableshavenotbeengeneticallychanged.Thismeansthatnonewgenesareputintothevegetables.”可知答案。Passage6Eatinghabitschangefromonecountrytoanother.TheChinesehaveasaying:Eatgoodthingsforbreakfast;eatabigmealforlunchuntilyouarefull;buteatlessatdinner.ManyAmericansagreethatoneshouldstartthedaywithagoodbreakfast,buttheirideasaboutlunchanddinneraredifferent.LunchtimeisveryquickintheUnitedStates.MostAmericansonlygivethemselvestimeforaquicklunchbeforetheygobacktoworkorschool.Sotheyeatasmalllunch.Afterworktheythinktheywillhavemoretimetoeatabigdinner.Alsoaquietdinnerathomewithallthefamilytalkingabouttheirdayisawaytotakeagoodrestafteralong,harddayofwork.Eatingatarestaurantisalsodifferent.InChina,peopleliketotalkandlaughwhentheyareeating.Veryoftenyoucanhearpeopletalkingorsingingloudlyandtheyarejusthavingagoodtime.InAmerica,itisnotlikethis.Theywantaquietplacewheretheycaneatagoodmealfarawayfromthesoundsoftheoutsideworld.Ifsomeoneistalkingtooloudly,otherpeopleintherestaurantwilllookathimorherangrily,thenthemanagermightcomeoutandaskthemtobequiet.Themanagermayevenaskthemtoleavetherestaurant.1.WhatdoChineseandAmericanshaveincommonaboutmeals?_______________________________________________________2.HowistheAmericans'lunch?_______________________________________________________3.WhatdoAmericansdowhilehavingadinner?_______________________________________________________4.WheredoAmericansusuallyliketoeatameal?_______________________________________________________5.IstalkingnotallowedintherestaurantinAmericawhilehavingadinner?_______________________________________________________[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。介紹的是中國和美國兩個國家吃飯的習(xí)俗。在中國講究早餐吃好，午餐吃飽，晚餐吃少；而在美國早餐吃好，午餐他們吃得很快，晚餐才是一天的正餐，很豐盛。中國人在飯店吃飯時，喜歡在餐桌上又說又笑，但是在美國，去飯店吃飯時，他們喜歡安靜的地方。1.Startingthedaywithagoodbreakfast.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：中美兩國人在吃飯方面有什么共同點(diǎn)？根據(jù)文章第一段“TheChinesehaveasaying:Eatgoodthingsforbreakfast...Americansagreethatoneshouldstartthedaywithagoodbreakfast...”可知中美兩國人都認(rèn)為早餐要吃好，但在午餐和晚餐上，兩國人的觀點(diǎn)不同。2.Quickandsmall.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：美國人的午餐怎么樣？根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句“MostAmericansonlygivethemselvestimeforaquicklunchbeforetheygobacktoworkorschool.Sotheyeatasmalllunch.”可知答案。3.Talkabouttheirday.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：吃晚飯時美國人都做什么？根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Alsoaquietdinnerathomewithallthefamilytalkingabouttheirdayisawaytotakeagoodrestafteralong,harddayofwork.”可知答案。4.Inaquietplace(farawayfromthesoundsoftheoutsideworld).[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：美國人通常喜歡在哪兒吃一頓飯？根據(jù)文章第三段第五句“Theywantaquietplacewheretheycaneatagoodmealfarawayfromthesoundsoftheoutsideworld.”可知答案。5.No,itisn’t.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在美國餐廳吃飯時，說話是不被允許的嗎？根據(jù)文章第三段尤其是最后兩句“Ifsomeoneistalkingtooloudly,otherpeopleintherestaurantwilllookathimorherangrily,thenthemanagermightcomeoutandaskthemtobequiet.Themanagermayevenaskthemtoleavetherestaurant.”可知大聲說話是不被允許的，但是說話還是可以的。觀點(diǎn)建議Passage1Areyoutheonlychildinthefamily?Ifso,youarethemostimportantinyourfamily.Parentsaretheclosestpeopletoyouintheworld.Butalotofmiddleschoolstudentshaveaproblem.Theyfeelthey’renotasclosetotheirparentsasbefore.Theyevendon’tthinkparentsarefairtothem.Somestudentscomplainthattheirparentssayalottothem,butneverlistentothem.Somesaytheirparentsdon’tallowedthemtoplaycomputergameswhenotherclassmatesaredoingthat.Otherssaywhenthey’remakingphonecallstofriends,theirparentsliketoaskifthey’respeakingtoaboyoragirl.Thesemakethemveryunhappy.Somestudentsevendecidetoleavehomewhentheyhavedonesomethingwrong,especiallywhentheydobadlyinexams,becausetheyareafraidtotelltheirparents.Thentheyusuallythinkrunningawayistheonlychoice.Buttheydon'tknowrunningawaymaybringthemsomemoreproblems.Problemsarepartsoflife.Hereissomeadviceforyoutosolveyourproblems.◆Findagoodchancetotalkwithyourparents.Don'tbeafraidtotellthemyourfeelings.◆Gethelpfromotherslikegoodfriendsorteachers.◆Keepadiarytohelpyouunderstandmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelings.◆Showyourparentsyou’regrowingup.Thenthey’llfeelyou'renolongerasmallchild.Ifyoufollowthesesuggestions,you'llhaveahappylifeandneverthinkofrunningaway.1.Whoaretheclosestpeopletotheonlychild?2.Doallthemiddlestudentsfeelhappyintheirdailylife?3.Whatwillsomestudentsdowhentheyhavedonesomethingwrong?4.Howmanypiecesofadvicehaveyougotfromthearticle?5.Whichdoyouthinkisthebestwayifyouhaveproblemswithyourparents?[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。主要談?wù)摿撕⒆雍透改钢g的問題。雖然孩子是家庭的重心，但是很多中學(xué)生感到自己并不幸福，經(jīng)常和父母之間出現(xiàn)這樣或者那樣的問題，作者針對這些問題提出了一些建議。1.Hisorherparents.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：誰是獨(dú)生子女最親近的人？根據(jù)短文第一段最后一句“Parentsaretheclosestpeopletoyouintheworld.”可知答案。2.No,theydon’t.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在日常生活中，所有的中學(xué)生都感到幸福嗎？根據(jù)第二段第一句“Butalotofmiddleschoolstudentshaveaproblem.”以與本段描述可知答案是否定的。3.Theydecidetoleavehome.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：當(dāng)一些學(xué)生做錯事情時，會做什么？根據(jù)第二段第八句“Somestudentsevendecidetoleavehomewhentheyhavedonesomethingwrong,especiallywhentheydobadlyinexams,becausetheyoneafraidtotelltheirparents.”可知答案。4.Four./4.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從這篇文章中，你得到了幾條建議？根據(jù)短文倒數(shù)第二至第五段描述，可知我們可以得到四條建議。5.Findagoodchancetotalkwiththem./Gethelpfromotherslikegoodfriendsorteachers./Keepadiarytohelpmeunderstandmoreaboutmyselfandmyfeelings./ShowmyparentsI’mgrowingup.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果你和你的父母產(chǎn)生問題，你認(rèn)為哪一條是最好的方法？文中提出了四條建議，任何一條都有助于我們解決和自己父母之間的問題，因此根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況回答即可。如：Findagoodchancetotalkwiththem./Gethelpfromotherslikegoodfriendsorteachers./Keepadiarytohelpmeunderstandmoreaboutmyselfandmyfeelings./ShowmyparentsI'mgrowingup.。注意人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換，只能寫一條。Passage2Ahealthybodyisveryimportanttoeveryoneofus.Whenyouaresick,youfeelpainfulalloveryourbody,havenoenergytowork,andtheonlythingyouwanttodoislyingonthebed.Whenyouarehealthy,youcaneatwell,sleepwell,singandjumphappily,doallthethingsyouliketoenjoylife.Thewaystokeephealthyaredifferent.Inthemorning,youcangetupearly,gooutside,breathethefreshairanddophysicalexercise.Runningandfastwalkingareespeciallyhelpfultokeephealthy.Ifyouareabusypersonandhavenospecialtimetodothesethings,therearestillsomewaysusefulforyoutokeepfit.Theeasiestwayiswalkingtoyourofficeinsteadofridingabikeortakingabus.Youalsohavetotakeaperiodical(定期的)physicalexamination.Yourdoctorwillknowtheconditionofyourbodymostclearly,andhewillgiveyouthemostvaluableadvicetokeepfit.Youshouldalwaystrytomakeyourselfhappy.Ifyoufeelhappy,youcaneatwell,sleepwell,andyourbodyissuretobeinanexcellentcondition.Healthisthemostvaluablepossession(財(cái)產(chǎn))apersonexpectsinhislife.Tryeverywaytokeepfit.Itismyadvicetothosewhowanttoliveahappylifeinthisbeautifulworld.1.Whencanyouhavenoenergytoworkaccordingtothepassage?______________________________________________________2.Whatshouldyoudoifyouhavelittletimetoexercise?______________________________________________________3.Whydoyouhavetotakeaperiodicalphysicalexamination?______________________________________________________4.Whatisthemostvaluablepossessioninyourlife?______________________________________________________5.Whowilltakethewriter’sadvice?______________________________________________________[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。主要闡明了健康是一個人生命中最有價值的東西，并且給出了保持健康的建議。1.WhenIamsick.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章，你什么時候可能會沒有體力去工作？根據(jù)第一段第二句“Whenyouaresick,youfeelpainfulalloveryourbody,havenoenergytowork...”可知答案。2.Walktomyofficeinsteadofridingabikeortakingabus.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果你幾乎沒有時間鍛煉，你應(yīng)該做什么？根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Ifyouareabusypersonandhavenospecialtimetodothesethings,therearestillsomewaysusefulforyoutokeepfit.Theeasiestwayiswalkingtoyourofficeinsteadofridingabikeortakingabus.”可知答案。3.Thedoctorcanknowtheconditionofmybodymostclearly,andhewillgivemethemostvaluableadvicetokeepfit.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：你為什么不得不定期做體檢？根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Youalsohavetotakeaperiodical(定期的)physicalexamination.Yourdoctorwillknowtheconditionofyourbodymostclearly,andhewillgiveyouthemostvaluableadvicetokeepfit.”可知答案。4.Health.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：你生命中最寶貴的財(cái)富是什么？根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Healthisthemostvaluablepossession(財(cái)產(chǎn))apersonexpectsinhislife.”可知答案。5.Thosewhowanttoliveahappylifeinthisbeautifulworld.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：誰會采納作者的建議？根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Tryeverywaytokeepfit.Itismyadvicetothosewhowanttoliveahappylifeinthisbeautifulworld.”可知答案。Passage3CCTVreportedthateveryyearChinesepeoplethrowawayalotoffoodwhichcanfeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewereabout795millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2015.Aboutsixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Sothinkaboutit.Weshouldsaynotopeoplewhowastefoodeveryday.Anoldsayinggoes,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork.”Ittellsuseverybodymustsavefood.Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinJiangsu,oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.Butmanypeoplestoodbyhersideandcriticized(批評)thewasteoffood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetostopwastingfood?Wecandomanythingstopreventitfromhappening.Herearesometips:Don’tordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchaswecaneat.Ifyoucan’teatallthefoodweorder,taketherestofithome.Don’tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynotbetasty,butourbodyneedsit.Don’tkeeptoomuchfoodathome,especiallyforfruitandvegetables.1.Howmanyhungrypeoplewerethereallovertheworldin2015?_______________________________________________________2.WhydidLiHongloseherjob?_______________________________________________________3.Whatshouldwedoifwecan’teatallthefoodweorder?_______________________________________________________4.Canwekeeptoomuchfoodathome?_______________________________________________________5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?_______________________________________________________[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了世界上的糧食短缺問題以與食品浪費(fèi)問題，并就此提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.About795million.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在2015年，世界上有多少饑餓的人？根據(jù)第二段第三句“AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewereabout795millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2015.”可知答案。2.Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：紅為什么丟掉了工作？根據(jù)短文第三段第二句“LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinJiangsu,oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.”可知答案。3.Taketherestofithome.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果我們不能吃完我們點(diǎn)的所有食物，我們應(yīng)該怎么辦？根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Ifyoucan’teatallthefoodweorder,taketherestofithome.”可知答案。4.No,wecan’t.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：我們能在家儲存太多食物嗎？根據(jù)短文最后一段最后一句“Don’tkeeptoomuchfoodathome…”可知答案是否定的。5.Weshouldsavefood./Weshouldn’twastefood.[解析]主旨大意題。題干意為：這篇短文的主旨大意是什么？閱讀短文可知主要介紹了世界上的糧食短缺問題以與食品浪費(fèi)問題，并就此提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。文章主要告訴我們：要珍惜食物。據(jù)此表述即可，答案不唯一。學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)與生活Passage1Languagelearnersoftenthinktheyhavememoryproblems.Theyworrybecausetheycan’trememberwords.Infact,theproblemsaren’tcausedbytheirbadmemories,butthewaytheystudy.Torememberwordsbetter,youneedtounderstandhowmemoryworks.Therearetwokindsofmemory—short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Whenyousee,hearorreadsomething,itgoesfirstintoshort-termmemory.Butshort-termmemorylastsforonlyafewseconds.Youwillonlyremembersomethinglongerifitgoesintolong-termmemory.Yourlong-termmemoryislikeaverybiglibrarywithmany,manybooks.Andlikealibrary,it’sorganized(有條理的).Whenyouputawayabook—ormemory—youcan’tjustleaveitanywhere.Youhavetochooseaplacewhereyoucanfinditagain.Howcanyoudothiswithvocabulary?Theansweristoworkwiththewordandthinkaboutthewordinnewways.Youcandothisbywritingnewsentencesthatincludeit.Evenbetter,youcaninventalittlestoryabouttheword,withpeopleorplacesthatyouknow.Anotherwayistomakeapictureinyourmindwiththeword.Forexample,ifthewordis“height”,youcanthinkofthetallestpersonyouknowandtrytoguesshisorherheight.Alloftheseactivitiesaregoodwaystorememberwords.Theymakethemeaningsofwordsstrongerinyourlong-termmemory.Andtheygiveawaytofindawordwhenyouneedit.1.Inthewriter’sopinion,whycan’tstudentsrememberwords?_______________________________________________________2.Howlongdoestheshort-termmemorylast?_______________________________________________________3.Whatisthelong-termmemorylike?_______________________________________________________4.Whatshouldwedotohavealong-termmemorywhenrememberingwords?_______________________________________________________5.Arethewaysmentioned(提與)inthepassageuseful?_______________________________________________________[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文。文章指出了學(xué)語言的學(xué)生記不住單詞的問題不在于他們的記憶，而在于他們學(xué)習(xí)的方法，文章啟發(fā)和教育人們，學(xué)習(xí)要講究科學(xué)的方法。1.Becausetheydon’tknowhowtostudy.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在作者看來，學(xué)生為什么記不住單詞呢？根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“Infact,theproblemsaren’tcausedbytheirbadmemories,butthewaytheystudy.”可知學(xué)生記不住單詞是因?yàn)樗麄儗W(xué)習(xí)方法的問題，即他們不知道如何學(xué)習(xí)。2.Short-termmemorylastsforonlyafewseconds.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：短時記憶能夠持續(xù)多久呢？根據(jù)文章第二段第四句“Butshort-termmemorylastsforonlyafewseconds.”可知短時記憶只能持續(xù)幾秒鐘。3.Long-termmemoryislikeaverybigandorganizedlibrary(withmanybooks).[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：長時記憶是什么樣的？根據(jù)文章第二段第六、七句“Yourlong-termmemoryislikeaverybiglibrarywithmany,manybooks.Andlikealibrary,it’sorganized(有條理的).”可知，長期記憶如同一座藏書豐富、安排嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)而有條理的圖書館。4.Wecanworkwiththewordandthinkaboutthewordinnewwaysandmakeapictureinourmindwiththeword.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：當(dāng)我們記單詞時怎么樣才能擁有長時記憶呢？根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“Theansweristoworkwiththewordandthinkaboutthewordinnewways.”以與第五句“Anotherwayistomakeapictureinyourmindwiththeword.”可知，長時記憶的保持主要有這兩種方式。5.Yes,theyare.[解析]推理判斷題。題干意為：文章中提與的方法有用嗎？根據(jù)文章第三段倒數(shù)第三句“Alloftheseactivitiesaregoodwaystore