應(yīng)化精細核心詞匯(修訂版)(華理)

科技英語核心詞匯(應(yīng)用化學(xué)/精細化工專業(yè))A1,2-ethanedioln.1,2-乙二醇abscissan.橫坐標(biāo)absorbancen.吸收率,吸光度absorptionn.吸收absorptioncoefficientn.吸收系數(shù)abstractvt.提取abundance

n.豐富,充裕acceptor

n.接受體,受體accumulator

n.儲料器accuracyn.精度acetamiden.乙酰胺aceticacidn.醋酸acetophanonen.乙酰苯，苯乙酮acetylenen.乙炔achirala.非手性的acknowledge

v.&n.致謝activation

n.活化acylation

n.?；痑ddition

n.加成反應(yīng)adhesive

n.粘合劑adipicacidn.己二酸Adsorptionn.吸附advancement

n.進展，增長affinity

n.親合力agent

n.試劑alcoholn.醇aldehyden.醛,乙醛aldol

n.醛醇aliphatica.脂肪族alkalin.堿alkalimetal堿金屬alkaloidn.生物堿alkanen.烷烴alkene

n.烯烴alkoxyn.烷氧基alkyln.烷基alkylhalide

n.烷基鹵,鹵烷alkylation

n.烴化,烷基化alkylbenzene烷基苯alkyne炔烴alphabetic

adj.依字母順序aluminumn.鋁ambienta.周圍的amide

n.酰胺amine

n.胺aminoacid

n.氨基酸aminoethanen.乙胺aminon.氨基ammonian.氨水a(chǎn)mmoniumn.銨，銨鹽amorphous

adj.無定形amplituden.廣大，充足，振幅analogue

n.類似物anhydride

n.酸酐aniline

n.苯胺anion

n.陰離子anti-對位交叉，反式antibiotics

n.抗菌素antifreezingagent

n.抗凍劑antiknockn;a.防爆（的），抗爆（的）antioxidant

n.抗氧劑apparatusn.設(shè)備aqueousa.水的arene

n.芳烴argonn.氬aromatica.芳香烴的aromatic

adj.芳香的aromatization

n.芳構(gòu)化arrangementn.排列方式arsenicn.砷,a.含砷的aryln.芳基assimilatevt.吸收,vi.被吸收，同化asymmetricsynthesis不對稱合成atomismn.原子學(xué)說azeotropen.共沸物azodye

n.偶氮染料Bbackup

n./adj備用設(shè)備bacterium細菌bariumn.鋇base

n.堿,基,底bathochromicshift紅移beaker

n.燒杯benzenen.苯benzoicacid安息香酸、苯甲酸benzoyln.苯甲酰berkeliumn.锫bicarbonaten.重碳酸鹽，碳酸氫鹽binarya.二元的biologicaldegradation

n.生物降解biosynthesis

vt.生物合成biphenyln.聯(lián)苯bleach

vt.漂白bond

n.鍵boronn.硼branchedchain

n.支鏈brewagen.（酒）釀造，飲料調(diào)制brinen.鹽水brominen.溴buffer

n.緩沖,緩沖劑butadienen.丁二烯butanen.丁烷butenen.丁烯byproductn.副產(chǎn)物Ccalciumn.鈣caloricn.熱（量），熱質(zhì)a.熱（量）的，卡的capillaryn.毛細管carbanionn.碳陰離子carbene

n.碳烯,卡賓carbide

n.碳化物,碳化鈣carbocation

n.正碳離子,陽碳離子carbontetrachloriden.四氯化碳carbonaten.碳酸鹽carbonylgroup

n.羰基carboxygroup

n.羧基carboxylaten.羰化物carboxylica.羧酸的carboxylicacid

n.羧酸carcinogenn.致癌的carrier

n.載體catabolismn.分解代謝，降解代謝catalysis

n.催化(作用)catalystn.催化劑，刺激（或促進）因素catalyzevt.催化categoryn.種類cationn.陽離子causticsoda苛性鈉(NaOH)causticpotash苛性鉀（KOH）cellulose

n.纖維素chain-initiating鏈增長chemicalshift

n.化學(xué)位移chirala.手性的chloriden.氯化物chlorinen.氯chloroformn.氯仿chlorohydrocarbon

n.氯代烴cholesteroln.膽固醇chromatographyn.色譜法chromophore

n.發(fā)色團cis-transisomer

n.順反異構(gòu)體citricacidn.檸檬酸clarificationn.澄清，凈化classic

adj.經(jīng)典的,傳統(tǒng)的cleavev.劈開，分裂coefficientn.系數(shù)coexistencen.共存，共處coherent

adj.黏附的，相干的(光學(xué))coil

n.蛇管colorant

n.顏料，著色劑combustv.燃燒commodity

n.日用品compensation

n.補償competitive

n.競爭的complementarya.補充的complex

n.絡(luò)合物complication

n.復(fù)雜componentn.組分concentrationn.濃度concertedreaction

n.協(xié)同反應(yīng)condensationn.冷凝condensation

n.縮合反應(yīng)condiment

n.調(diào)味品configurationn.輪廓，構(gòu)成conformationn.構(gòu)象congruenta.和諧的，一致的，全等的conjugation

n.共軛construction

n.建設(shè),建筑container

n.容器contaminantn.沾染物converselyad.相反地convertern.轉(zhuǎn)化器cooler

n.冷卻器coordinaten.配位，配價，坐標(biāo)coprousa.亞銅的corporate

adj.共同的corrosionn.腐蝕cosmetic

n.化妝品couplingconstant偶合常數(shù)couplingreaction

n.偶合反應(yīng)covalentbond

n.共價鍵criterian.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)critical

adj.臨界的cruciala.至關(guān)重要的customary

adj.通常的,常例的cyaniden.氰化物cyanon.氰，氰基cycloalkanen.環(huán)烷烴cylindern.圓柱體Ddeactivatevt.使不活動decentralizev.使分散，劃分decolorant

n.脫色劑decolorize

v.脫色decouplen./v.分開，去偶合裝置deflectv.歪斜，使偏向degradation

n.降解dehydration

n.脫水作用dehydrogenation

n.脫氫作用delocalization

n.離域作用demolishvt.拆除，毀壞denominator

n.分母denotev.指示，表示，意味著depletionn.削減，消耗depositvt.（使）沉淀，安置derivation

n.衍生，由來derivativea.派生的derivative

n.衍生物desolvationn.去溶劑化作用desorption

n.解吸作用destructivea.破壞（的），危害的destructivedistillation

分解蒸餾detectablea.能發(fā)覺的，detectorn.檢測器detergent

n.洗滌劑deuteriumn.重氫developer

n.顯影劑dextrorotary

adj.右旋的diastereoisomer非對應(yīng)異構(gòu)體diatomica.二原子的，二價的，diazoniumsalt

n.重氮鹽diazotization

n.重氮化作用dicarboxylica.二元羧酸的dienen.二烯（烴）diffusea.散開的，彌散的，v.擴散，散播dilutesolution稀溶液dioln.二醇，二酚dioxiden.二氧化物dipole

n.偶極director

n.定位基disciplinen.學(xué)科disclose

vt.揭露,揭發(fā)discriminatev.區(qū)別，辨別，有差別地對待disinfectionn.消毒displacementn.換置，移位，移動，取代disposal

vt.排出,處理disruptvt.（使）破裂，使中斷dissociatevt.使分離，將…分開dissociationenergy離解能dissolve

v.溶解distillvt.用蒸餾法提取，蒸餾distillaten.餾出物，餾出液distillation

n.蒸餾disubstitutea.二取代的disulfaten.硫酸氫鹽，焦硫酸鹽donor

n.給體downfieldn.低磁場drastic

n.激烈的,猛烈的drivingforce推動力droplet

n.液滴dyestuff

n.染料dynamiten.炸藥E.ecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)electricpotential電勢electroden.電極electrolysevt.電解electromagnetica.電磁的，由電磁石產(chǎn)生的electrondonor電子給予體electronacceptor電子接受體electronwithdrawinggroup

n.吸電子基electronegativityn.電負性electron-withdrawinga.推電子的electrophilicreagent

n.親電試劑electrophobic

adj疏電子的electropositivea.電正性的electrostatic

adj.靜電的elevationn.升高elimination

n.消除反應(yīng)eluentn.洗脫液emissionn.發(fā)光emittern.發(fā)射器；發(fā)光體empiricallyad.經(jīng)驗主義地emulsion

n.乳劑enantiomer

n.對映體enantiomericexcess對映體過量endogenousa.內(nèi)存的endothermic

adj.吸熱的energetica.有精力的，精力旺盛的enhancevt.提高，增加enzyme

n.酶epoxy

adj.環(huán)氧化的equationn.等式，方程式，相等，均衡equilibratevt.（使）平衡，（使）均衡equimolara.當(dāng)量克分子的，克分子數(shù)相等的essentialoil

n.(香)精油estern.酯esterificationn.酯化ethanen.乙烷ethanol

n.乙醇ethanolaminen.乙醇胺ethanoyln.乙酰基ether

n.醚,乙醚ethyl

n.乙基ethylene

n.乙烯ethylenediamine乙二胺ethyne乙炔ethynyl

n.乙炔基evaporation

n.蒸發(fā)excitation

n.激發(fā)態(tài)exothermic

adj.放熱的exponentn.冪，指數(shù)extractionn.萃取，提取，摘要extrapolation

n.推斷Ffabricn.編織物facilitatev.使容易，使便利，推進fermentation

n.發(fā)酵ferrica.鐵的ferrousa.亞鐵的fiber

n.纖維filamentn.絲狀體，單纖維filter

n.過濾器，濾色片fixed-bed固定床flammabilitn..可燃性flare

v.&n.閃耀,閃爍flashdistillation閃蒸flavoring

n.香劑,調(diào)味劑flexibilityn.柔韌性，彈性，折射性，靈活性flocculaten.絮凝物fluorescencen.螢光，發(fā)熒光，熒光性fluorinen.氟fluoromethanen.氟代甲烷fluorsparn.螢石，氟石focuson聚焦于，集中（注意力）于formaldehyde

n.甲醛formica.蟻的，蟻酸的formulan.公式，程式，處方fossil

n.化石fractionn.小部分，片段，餾分，級分fractionaldistillation

n.分餾fractionatingcolumn分餾柱fragmentationn.分裂，碎片freeradical

n.自由基frothn.泡沫，起泡，v.使（啤酒）起泡fructosen.果糖，左旋糖fullerencen.富勒烯functionalgroup

n.官能團furan

n.呋喃Ggalactosen.半乳糖gasifiern.汽化器，煤氣發(fā)生器genen.基因，遺傳因子generalization

n.一般(性),普遍(性)glacialaceticacid

n.冰醋酸gluceroln.丙三醇，甘油glucose

n.葡萄糖glycerol

n.甘油,丙三醇goldn.金graphics

n.圖，制圖法graphiten.石墨greasen.動物脂groundstate基態(tài)H.haliden.鹵化物halogenn.鹵素halogenatingreaction鹵代反應(yīng)heliumn.氦heptanen.庚烷herbicide

n.除草劑heterocycliccompound

n.雜環(huán)化合物heterogeneous

adj.非均相的,多相的，異相的hexaaquaa.六合水的hexadienen.已二烯hexagon

n.六邊形hexanen.已烷hold-up

n.塔儲量,容納量homogeneouscatalysis均相催化homologuen.同系物horizontala.水平的hormone

n.激素humectant

n.潤濕劑hybrid

n.雜化hydration

n.水合作用hydriden.氫化物hydrogenn.氫hydrocarbonn.烴類hydrogenhaliden.氫鹵化物hydrogenation

n.氫化作用hydrolysis

n.水解hydrophilica.親水的hydrophobic

adj.疏水的hydroxiden.氫氧化物hydroxylgroup

n.羥基hydroxylationn.羥基化hypochloriten.次氯酸鹽I.identicala.同一的n.一樣，相等ill-defineda.不清楚的，不確切定義的immersevt.沉浸，使浸入immisciblea.不混溶性impetusn.推動力，動力，推動impurityn.雜質(zhì)，混雜物，不純invitro在試管內(nèi)invivo在體內(nèi)inactivatevt.鈍化，使減少活性incorporatev.結(jié)合，合并indicator

n.指示劑indigestionn.消化不良indiscriminate

adj.不加選擇的indivisiblea.不可分割的，不可分裂的indol

n.吲哚inductiveeffect

n.誘導(dǎo)效應(yīng)ineffective

adj.無效的,低效率的inerta.惰性的，不活潑的infectiousdisease傳染病infraredspectroscopy

n.紅外光譜ingestion

n.吸收,吸入inherentlyad.天生的，本質(zhì)的inhibitorn.禁止劑，抑制劑，抑制因素inhomogeneityn.不同族，不同質(zhì)inlet

n.進口,入口inorganica.無機的，無生物的insecticide

n.殺蟲劑insertionn.插入，插入物insolublea.不溶的insulinn.胰島素integrate

vt.積分，使...一體化interfacen.界面，分界面，接觸面intermediaten.中間體intermittenta.斷續(xù)的，間歇的intriguinga.吸引人的，有趣的intrinsica.本質(zhì)的，固有的，內(nèi)在的，體內(nèi)的intuitivea.直觀的，直覺的iodica.含碘的iodiden.碘化物iodinen.碘ionn.離子ion-exchangechromatography離子交換色譜ionica.離子的irradiatevt.使明亮，照耀irreversiblea.不可逆isoelectricpoint

n.等電點isomer

n.異構(gòu)體isomerica.同分異構(gòu)的，同質(zhì)異能的isopropanen.異丙烷isopropanoln.異丙醇isothermallyad.等溫的isotopen.同位素Jjacket

n.套,夾套Kkerosenen.煤油ketonen.酮kineticsn.動力學(xué)Llabilea.不安定的，不穩(wěn)定的lacticacid

n.乳酸ligandn.配位lipidn.類脂（化合物）liquefy

vt.液化lithiumn.鋰litmusn.石蕊longituden.經(jīng)線，經(jīng)度lubricantn.潤滑劑，潤滑的lubricatinggrease

n.潤滑脂Mmacromoleculen.大分子magnesiumn.鎂makeupn.組成，構(gòu)造，化妝品malonicn.丙二酸maltosen.麥芽糖mamganesen.錳manipulation

n.操作,操縱massspectroscopy

n.質(zhì)譜mass-to-charge質(zhì)荷比matrixn.基質(zhì)；矩陣mechanism

n.機理,歷程medium

n.介質(zhì),培養(yǎng)基mercuryn.水銀，汞mesophasen.中間相meta－間位－metabolica.變化的，變形的，新陳代謝metabolismn.代謝作用，新陳代謝metastablea.亞穩(wěn)的methane

n.甲烷methanoln.甲醇methnol

n.甲醇micelle

n.膠粒microben.細菌，微生物microenvironmentn.小環(huán)境micronn.微米microporousa.多孔的microsecondn.微秒milligramn.毫克minglev.使混合，混合起來minimizev.使減少到最小，降到最低miscible

adj.可溶混的modification

n.修飾modulationn.調(diào)整molala.摩爾的molarextinctioncoefficient摩爾消光系數(shù)moleculara.分子的monochromen.單色器，單色儀monographn.專題論文monomern.單體monoxiden.一氧化物multiplicity

n.多重性multituden.眾多，大量，大群，大眾Nnanometern.納米（nm）naphthalene

n.萘naphthenen.脂環(huán)烴neonn.氖neopentanen.新戊烷neutralizationreaction中和反應(yīng)neutronn.中子nitraten.硝酸鹽nitration

n.硝化作用nitricacid

n.硝酸nitricoxiden.氮氧化物nitrile

n.腈nitriten.亞硝酸鹽nitroglycerinen.硝化甘油noblegasn.稀有氣體nomenclaturen.命名系統(tǒng)nondestructivea.非破壞性的nonvolatilea.非揮發(fā)性的nucleophile

n.親核試劑numericala.數(shù)字的，用數(shù)字表示的，數(shù)值的nutrient

n.營養(yǎng)素,養(yǎng)分nylonn.尼龍Ooctadecyln.十八（烷）基octahedrala.八面體的octanenumber

n.辛烷值olefin石蠟、烯烴opticalactivity

n.旋光性opticalisomerisemresolution光學(xué)異構(gòu)體拆分optics

n.光學(xué)optimizationn.最優(yōu)化，最佳化optimum

n.最佳條件orbitala.軌道的organometalliccompound

金屬有機化合物ortho-鄰，正，原，直oscillationn.振動，動搖，變動outermost

adj.最外層的，遠離中心的oxalica.草酸的oxidationn.氧化作用oxidationnumbern.氧化數(shù)oxiden.氧化物oxoanionn.含氧陰離子oxoniumn.氧鎓oxyanionn.氧離子ozonen.臭氧，新鮮空氣Ppara-對位paraffin

n.鏈烷烴,石蠟parametern.參（變）數(shù)，參（變）量，因素，特征penetrationn.穿入，滲透，洞察力pentanen.戊烷pentoxiden.五氧化物peptide

n.肽perchloraten.高氯酸鹽perforatev.穿孔，滲透，有孔的，穿孔的perfume

n.香料periodica.周期的，定期的高氯酸鹽PeriodicTable周期表peroxidationn.過氧化反應(yīng)peroxide

n.過氧化合物pesticiden.殺蟲劑petroleum石油pharmaceuticala.藥學(xué)的pharmaceuticals

n.藥物pharmacyn.藥房，藥學(xué)，配藥，制藥phenol

n.苯酚phenoxide

n.(苯)酚鹽phenyln.苯基phenylsulfonicacid

n.苯磺酸phosphoricacid

n.磷酸phosphorusn.磷，磷光體，發(fā)光物質(zhì)photochemicalreaction

n.光化學(xué)反應(yīng)photochromism

n.光致變色photoconductivity

n.光電導(dǎo)性photonn.光子pigment

n.顏料polara.極性的，兩個相反方向的polarization

n.極化作用pollutantn.污染物，污染源polyamide

n.聚酰胺polycrystallinea.多晶的polyenea.多烯的polyhalogenn.多鹵素polyhedra[polyhedron的復(fù)數(shù)]形式n.多面體polyhydricalcohol

n.多元醇polymern.聚合物polymerization

n.聚合作用potassiumn.鉀potassiumdichromate重鉻酸鉀potassiumpermanganate高錳酸鉀precipitate

vi./n.沉淀preservativea.有保護力的，防腐的n.防腐劑，防腐料primarya.最初的，伯－proben.探針，探測品v.探查，穿刺prolong

vt.延長,拖延prominenta.突起的，著名的，突出的promotevt.促進，發(fā)揚，提升，發(fā)起propanaln.丙醛propellant

n.推進劑propenen.丙稀proportionala.比例的，相稱的propynen.丙炔prospective

adj.預(yù)期的,有希望的protectinggroup

n.保護基protonn.質(zhì)子protonationn.質(zhì)子化，質(zhì)子化作用purity

n.純度putrefaction腐敗物pyridinen.吡啶pyrolysis

n.熱解pyrrole

n.吡咯Qquadrupolen./a.四極（的）qualitativea.定性的quantify

vt.使量化，確定數(shù)量quantitativea.數(shù)量的，定量的quantumn.量子quaternaryammoniumsalt

n.季銨鹽quench

vt.淬滅quinoline

n.喹啉Rracemica.消旋的racemization

n.外消旋作用radializationn.輻射，放射radiusn.半徑randoma.隨機的，隨意的，隨機，隨意reactantn.反應(yīng)物reactorn.反應(yīng)器reagentn.反應(yīng)試劑realization

n.實現(xiàn)rearrangevt/vi重排recipen.配方，食譜，方法recover

vt.回收recrystallization

n.重結(jié)晶rectificationn.精餾，糾正rectifier

n.精餾器reduction

n.還原(作用)refabricationn.重組，重新安排reflux

n.回流refractivea.折射的，有折射力的，屈折的refrigerant

n.冷凍劑regenerabilityn.再生能力remainder

n.剩余物,殘余部分的reoxidationn.再氧化replica

n.復(fù)制品，拷貝repulsivea.排斥的residuala.殘余的，剩余的resolution

n.分辨,拆開resonancen.共振respirationn.呼吸作用，生物的氧化作用responsen.響應(yīng)restrictive

adj.限制性的reversibilityn.可反轉(zhuǎn)性，可逆性rigorous

adj.嚴厲(格)的rotationn.轉(zhuǎn)動rudimentarya.根本的，初期的，發(fā)育不健rutheniumn.釕Ssaccharin

n.糖精saponification

n.皂化(作用)schematicallyad.圖解地，扼要地screen

n.篩子,屏幕seal

n.密封(墊)segment

n.部分,鏈段selectivity

n.選擇性sensitivityn.敏感性，靈敏性separationcoefficient分離系數(shù)sequesterv.隔絕settle

vt.(使)沉淀,澄清setup

vt.裝置,裝配sewagen.污水，污物，污水處理sewage

n.污水silican.氧化硅，硅土silicagel

n.硅膠siliconn.硅silvern.銀singlet

n.單重峰skeleton

n.骨架sodiumhypochlorite次氯酸鈉solubility

n.溶解度solvant

n.溶劑化物solventeffects溶劑效應(yīng)solvent

n.溶劑,有溶解力的spectroscopy

n.光譜spin-spincoupling

n.自旋-自旋偶合spontaneouslyad.自發(fā)地sprayn.噴霧，飛沫，v.噴，噴射stabilization

n.穩(wěn)定作用stepwisea.逐步的stereoisomerism

n.立體異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象stericfactors

n.位阻因素,空間因素stillpot

n.蒸餾釜stoichiometric

adj.化學(xué)計算的substantiala.物質(zhì)的，堅固的，大量的substituent

n.取代基substitutionreaction

n.取代反應(yīng)subtractv.減去，減掉，扣除succcincn.琥珀，丁二酸的，琥珀酸的sulfadrug

n.磺胺藥sulfaten.硫酸鹽用硫酸處理sulfiten.亞硫酸鹽sulfonation

n.磺化作用sulfurn.硫磺，v.用硫磺處理sulfuricacid

n.硫酸supersaturationn.過飽和（現(xiàn)象）superviso