七年級上冊Unit4Where'smyschoolbag英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教師教學(xué)案方位介詞

初中英語學(xué)方位介詞微課教學(xué)案語法專題之方位介詞學(xué)員編號：年級：八年級課時(shí)數(shù)：學(xué)員姓名：科目：英語學(xué)科教師：章大強(qiáng)授課類型TC語法專題之方位介詞T教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、熟悉最常用的三種介詞的用法。2、重點(diǎn)掌握時(shí)間介詞和方位介詞。星級★★★授課日期及時(shí)段教學(xué)內(nèi)容介詞專題介詞專題初中英語介詞用法分類詳解初中英語介詞用法分類詳解1、方位介詞1）in,on和toinontoin表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的某方位（屬于該范圍）；ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位（不屬于該范圍）；JapanliestotheeastofChina.on表示與某地是毗鄰關(guān)系（兩地接壤）。MongolialiesonthenorthofChina.典型例題典型例題1.Jiangsuis___theeastofChina,butJapanis___theeastofChina.

A.to;in

B.in;to

C.on;to

D.to;on2.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______thewestofHongKong.

A.in;to

B.to;to

C.to;in

D.in;in答案：.

解析：1.江蘇在中國境內(nèi)，所以選in；日本不屬于中國，且和中國不接壤，用on；2.香港在中國境內(nèi)，用in；澳門和香港不接壤，用to。2）over、above和onbelow和underbelowaboveoverbelowaboveoveronunderonunderon指“在……上面”表示與表面接觸。其反義詞是beneath.Thereisacuponthedesk.Thereisanotebeneaththedesk.above指“在……之上“指相對高度，不一定是正上方，其反義詞是below.Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.over指“在……之上”指垂直之上，正上方，其反義詞是under.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Therearemanybikesunderthetree.below和underbelow表示“在下方或位置低于……”，不一定有“垂直在下”之意；under表示“在……正下方”。Therearemanybikesunderthetrees.Thetemperaturewillfallbelowzerotomorrow.典型例題典型例題1.Theboatispassing___thebridge.A.through

B.below

C.under

D.across2.Twoplanesareflying___thecity.

A.through

B.overC.onD.below3.Doyouseethekite___thebuilding.

A.over

B.cross

C.on

D.above答案：CBD

解析：1.船從橋下過，應(yīng)為垂直下方，所以選C，below是斜下方。2.飛機(jī)飛過城市，應(yīng)是垂直上方，所以選B，on是有接觸面的上方。3.風(fēng)箏在建筑物上方，不一定是垂直上方，選D,表示斜上方。里the外不the3）infrontof和inthefrontof里the外不theinfrontof表示“在……之前”，可用before替換（范圍外）Thefrontof表示“在……的前部”（范圍內(nèi)）Ourteacherusuallystandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.Thebusdriverisat/inthefrontofthebus.（在。。。內(nèi)部的前面）Theoldwomanisinfrontofthebus.(在。。。外部的前面)Thewomenisatthebackofthebus.(在。。。內(nèi)部的后面)Thelittlegirlisbehindthebus.(在。。。外部的后面)典型例題典型例題Tomsits____theclassroomwhileJohnsits____theroom.

A.infrontof;atbackof

B.inthefrontof;atthebackof

C.infrontof;atthebackof

D.inthefrontof;atbackof

答案：B.解析：根據(jù)“里the外不the”原則，坐在教室里，都是范圍內(nèi)，前面后面都應(yīng)帶the。4）in和atin+較大的地點(diǎn)inChinaintheworldat+較小的地點(diǎn)atthebusstopathome典型例題典型例題1.UncleWangarrived____Parishalfanhourago.A.atB.inC.toD./2.Theyarewaiting___abus___thebusstop.A.for;inB.on;atC.with;atD.for;at答案：.解析：1.巴黎為大地點(diǎn)，用in；公交車站為小地點(diǎn)，用atin+身體較軟的部位，如:臉、眼、嘴、胸、腹等。如：inthefaceon+身體較硬的部位，如：頭、額、鼻、耳、頸、肩、腿等。如：onthehead5in+身體較軟的部位，如:臉、眼、嘴、胸、腹等。如：inthefaceon+身體較硬的部位，如：頭、額、鼻、耳、頸、肩、腿等。如：onthehead身體介詞onthetree表示枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上。onthetree表示枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上。inthetree表示表示人或是其他東西在樹上。不是本身生長在樹上的。樹上介詞onthewall表示東西粘貼或是掛在墻上。onthewall表示東西粘貼或是掛在墻上。inthewall表示門、窗等嵌在墻上。墻上介詞典型例題典型例題1.Heputupamap___thebackwallbecausetherewasahole___it.A.on;onB.at;inC.on;inD.on;at

2.Thereisadoor___thewall.A.onB.toC.ofD.in3.Therearesomebirdssinging___thetrees.A.inB.onC.atD.from

4.Therearesomanyapples___thattree.A.inB.onC.atD.from

答案：解析：1.地圖掛在墻上用on，洞是在墻體內(nèi)，用in；2.門嵌在墻內(nèi)應(yīng)用in；3.鳥一類等外物落在書上用in；4.果實(shí)結(jié)在樹上用in。6）between和amongbetween表示兩者之間或是多者中兩兩之間。MariasitsbetweenLucyandLily.among表示三者或以上之間。MissWangstandsamongherstudents.Theteacherissittingbetweenthetwins.(在兩者之間)Lucyisdancingamongherclassmates.（在三者或三者以上之間）7）across、through、over和pastacross表示從物體表面穿過，如過馬路，過河；goacross。Herunsacrossthesquaretomeether.through表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過，如穿過森林，窗戶；gothrough。Wewalkedthroughtheforest.over表示從物體正上方跨過。Thedogjumpedoverthefenceandrunaway.past表示從物體旁邊經(jīng)過；gopast，walkpast。Idrivepastasupermarkettotheofficeeveryday.圖示介詞（選用）介詞圖示意義例句1in在……之內(nèi)Thestudentsarereadingintheclassroom.學(xué)生們在教師里讀書。2on在……上面Theboatisontheriver.那條船在河上。3over在……（正）上方Thereareseveralbridgesovertheriver.河上有好幾座橋。4under在……（正）下方Theboatsailedunderthebridge.船在橋下行駛。5above在……上方Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.飛機(jī)在云上飛行。6below在……下方Thesunsinksbelowthehorizon.太陽沉沒在地平線下。7By在……旁邊Ourhouseisbytheriver.我們的房子在河邊。BesideComeandsitbesideme.過來坐在我旁邊。8near在……附近Idon’tneedacarbecauseIlivenearthecitycentre.我不需要汽車，因?yàn)槲易≡诳拷兄行?nextto緊挨……Mybestfriendsitsnexttomeinclass.上課時(shí)我最好的朋友坐在我的旁邊。10behind在……后面Olivehidbehindatree.奧列弗藏在一棵樹后面。11before在……之前Hemadeaspeechbeforealargeaudience.他在許多觀眾面前發(fā)表了講話。12outside在……外面Heparkedhiscaroutsidetheheater.他把汽車停在劇場外面。13to到……去Wewalkedtothefruitshop.我們步行到水果店。14from從……來WetraveledtoLondonfromEdingburgh.我們從愛丁堡旅行到倫敦。15(a)round圍繞……Allsataroundthetable.所有的人圍繞著桌子坐。16between在……之間（指二者）TheletterBisbetweenAandC.字母B在A和C之間。17among在……之間（指三者或三者以上）Thehousestandsamongthetrees.房子在樹叢中。18across橫過、越過……Iftheroadisbusy,don’twalkacrossit.如果道路擁擠，就不要橫穿馬路。19through穿過……Wedrovethetunnel.我們開車穿過了隧道。20onto向上Themenliftthebasketsontothetrucks.人們把籃子運(yùn)上卡車。21into從……出來Theyputtheapplesintothebaskets.他們把蘋果放進(jìn)籃子里。22outofDon’tlookoutofthewindowinclass.上課時(shí)不要朝窗外看。23along沿著Walkalongthisstreet,thenturnleft,youcanseethepostoffice.沿著這條街走，然后向右拐，你就可以看到郵局。24up向上Themonkeysclimbedupthetreestopickthebananas.猴子爬上樹上去摘香蕉。25down向下Theballisrollingdownthehill.球正往山下滾。知識積累2、介詞短語知識積累1）介詞+名詞：abovezero零度以上；afterawhile片刻之后；afterclass課后；alongtheroad沿路；atbreakfast早餐時(shí)；atfirst起先；首先；atlast終于；最后；atleast至少；atnight在夜里；attheendof在……盡頭；atthemoment此刻；atthesametime同時(shí)；attimes有時(shí)；bytheendof到……末之前；bytheway順便說（問）一下；inahurry匆忙地；inbed（躺）在床上；infact事實(shí)上；inthedaytime在白天；intheend最后；intheopenair在戶外；inthisway用這種方法；intime及時(shí)；ondisplay/show陳列；展出；onduty值班；值日；onfoot步行；ontheleft（right）在左（右）邊；withone’shelp在某人的幫助下2）動(dòng)詞+介詞：talkabout談?wù)?；thinkabout考慮；lookafter照看；knockat敲（門）；laughat嘲笑；lookat看……；pointat/to指向；askfor請求；lookfor尋找；payfor付錢；waitfor等候；learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)；looklike看起來像……；hearof聽說；thinkof想起；falloff（從……）掉下；getoff下（車）；geton上（車）；goover復(fù)習(xí)；lookover仔細(xì)檢查；tripover（被……）絆倒；getto到達(dá)；listento聽……；agreewith同意；beginwith以……開始；quarrelwith跟某人吵架3）形容詞+介詞：(be)excitedabout對……感到激動(dòng)；(be)worriedabout為……感到焦急；(be)goodat擅長；(be)famousfor因……而出名；(be)latefor遲到；(be)readyfor準(zhǔn)備好；(be)farfrom遠(yuǎn)離；(be)interestedin對……感興趣；(be)afraidof害怕；(be)fullof充滿；(be)proudof以……自豪；(be)sureof對……有把握；(be)kindto對……友好；(be)angrywith對……生氣；(be)fedupwith厭倦；(be)pleasedwith對……感到滿意4）易混介詞短語：begood/badto對…..好/不好betiredof對……厭倦begood/badfor對…..有益/有害betiredwith/from因……疲勞bestrictwithsb對某人嚴(yán)格besorryfor因……而抱歉bestrictinsth在某一方面嚴(yán)besorryabout因……而懊悔befamousfor因……而出名bemadeof意為“由……制成”，能看出原材料的；befamousas作為……而出名bemadefrom意為“由……制成”，看不出原材料；bemadein意為“在哪兒制作”，后接地點(diǎn)。5）常用介詞短語：常與with連用的介詞短語：dowith處置，對付；agreewith同意……；help…with…在……方面幫助；getonwellwith與……相處很好；bebusywith忙于做……bestrictwithsb.對某人要求嚴(yán)格；beangrywithsb.生某人的氣；bepopularwith受……歡迎常與at連用的介詞短語：begoodat擅長于……；atfirst首先；lookat看……；arriveat到達(dá)；atlast最后；atonce立刻；laughat嘲笑……；knockat敲；shoutat朝……大喊常與on連用的介詞短語：abookonhistory一本關(guān)于歷史的書；ontime按時(shí)；onshow展覽；dependon依靠，取決于；turnon打開；onone’swayto在某人去……的路上；onfoot步行；spend…on…在……上花費(fèi)；geton上車；ontheotherhand另一方面常與of連用的介詞短語：bemadeof由……制成（可看出原材料）；takecareof照料；lookoutof朝外看；hearof聽說；insteadof代替……；thinkof認(rèn)為、考慮；allkindsof各種各樣；beafraid/terrifiedof害怕……；beproudof為……而驕傲常與from連用的介詞短語bemadefrom由……制成（看不出原材料）；come/befrom來自……；hearfrom收到……的來信；bedifferentfrom與……不同；borrow…from…從……借來……常與for連用的介詞短語waitfor等候；payfor為……付款；leavefor離開去……；askfor請求，asksb.forsth.向……要……；thanksfor為……而感謝……；lookfor尋找；forexample例如；belatefor遲到；getreadyfor為……做準(zhǔn)備；befamousfor以……而出名；forawhile一會兒；asfor至于，關(guān)于常與to連用的介詞短語toone’ssurprise使某人驚訝的是……；toone’sjoy使某人高興的是……；accordingto根據(jù)；beusedto習(xí)慣于……；getto到達(dá)；payattentionto注意……；lookforwardto期望……；prefer…to…與……相比更喜歡……；listento…聽……（建議5-10分鐘）全國中考題介詞題組31.－Oh,somanypeopleinthepark?－Nobodylikestostayathome______Sundaymorning.A.in

B.on

C.at

32.Ifyousitinachair_____alongtime,yourbackmaybegintohurt.A.at

B.in

C.on

D.for33.TheweddingofPrinceWilliamwasheldinWestminsterCathedral______April29,2023.A.at

B.in

C.on

D.by34.Myparentsusuallytakeawalk______dinnertokeephealthy.A.at

B.of

C.during

D.after35.Wecangetfreshwaterfromrain,fromrivers,orfrom________theground.A.across

B.under

C.over

D.off36.Iwasborn______themorning______February25th,1997.A.in;of

B.on;in

C.in;in

D.on;ofpeoplelosttheirhomesinJapan’searthquake.A.Twothousands

B.Thousand

C.Thousandsof

D.Thousandof38.The30thOlympicGameswillbeheldinLondon________2023.A.at

B.on

C.in

D.for39---Shallwegothemuseum?---Allright!Iheartherearemanyfirst-classphotographs______.A.onshow

B.onboard

C.onsale40.Maryoftenhaseggsandbread_________breakfast.A.with

B.for

C.on41.Itisveryimportant＿＿＿peopletohavefoodandwatereveryday.A.for

B.of

C.with

D.about42.Iusuallygetup_____7:00________themorning.A.in;at

B.at;in

C.in;in

D.at;on43.It’simportant_______youtolearnChinesewell.A.of

B.by

C.for

D.with44.Mrs.Blackdoesn’tagreetokeepacat______apetbecauseshehatescats.A.for

B.on

C.as

D.with45.—Whenwillthesecondclassbegin?—twominutes.A.For

B.At

C.In

D.After46.—Whendidthecaraccidenthappen?—Ithappened____arainynight.A.at

B.on

C.inJackgoodatbasketball?----Yes._____basketballheisalsogoodattabletennis.A.Except

B.Besides

C.But

D.Beside48.—Whoelsedoyouknowattheparty____JimandTom?—LucyandLily.A.in

B.next

C.among

D.besides49.Wewillcelebratethe90thbirthdayoftheChineseCommunistParty_____July1st,2023.A.on

B.at

C.in

D.during50.—HasMarybeenback?—Notyet.Shewillcomeback________theeveningofJune_______.A.at,first

B.to,thirtieth

C.on,thetwelfth

D.on,henineteenoursurprise,thetwinsisterswenttoPekingUniversityatthesametimelastyear.A.With

B.In

C.To52.WehavebeeninChina

threeyears.Welikeitverymuch.A.in

B.since

C.for53.AudreyHepburnwasaballetdancer____averyyoungage.Inhertwentiesshebecameafamousfilmstar.

A.from

B.in

C.on

D.at54.A:Howdoyougohomeeveryday?B:

bike.It’snotfarfromhere.A.On

B.In

C.With

D.By55.Sometimesmostofusprobablyareangry______ourfriends,parentsorteachers.A.to

B.with