英語口譯簡介課件

Presentation1AnBriefIntroductiontoInterpretation

EnglishInterpretingPresentation1AnBriefIntr1YouwillbedestroyedYouwillbedestroyed2contents4TheHistoryofInterpreting1235TheKnowledgeStructureofInterpretersThedefinitionofInterpretationTheProcessofInterpretationTheTypesofInterpretationcontents4TheHistoryofInterp31.TheDevelopmentofInterpretation

1)Spokenlanguageisearlierthanwrittenlanguage2)Communicationbymeansofinterpreting3)Professionalinterpretertrainingschoolsforinterpreters1.TheDevelopmentofInterpre41)Spokenlanguageemergedmuchearlierthanwrittenlanguage1)Spokenlanguage5

TheShangOracleBones,1600BC

(ideographicwriting)

TheoraclebonesortheinscriptionsonbonesortortoiseshellsoftheShangDynasty

TheShangOracleBones,1606ThehieroglyphinancientEgypt5000ago

(ideographicwriting)

ThehieroglyphorpictographcreatedbythepeopleinancientEgyptabout5000yearsThehieroglyphinancientEgyp7ThealphabeticwritingascribedbythePhoenicians1000B.C.

ThePhoeniciansinventedthefirstalphabeticlettersinabout3000yearsagoThealphabeticwritingascribe8

Humanbeingsbegantospeak20.0000yearsago(spokenlanguageemerged)Humanbeingsbegantospeak92)Communicationbymeansofinterpreting2)Communicationbymeanso10

ThespreadofreligionsbyinterpretersBuddhismChristianityIslamConfucianismThespreadofreligion11

Wencheng

PrincessandhermarriageinTuboDynasty

WenchengPrincessvolunteeredtomarrySongzanganbu,thekingofTuboDynastyin640whenChinawasunderthecontrolofTangDynastyWenchengPrincessandhermar12ThePotalapalacewasconstructedforwelcomingWenchengPrincesstoTibetformarryingSongzanggangbuinthe7thcentury.Nowitisoneofthegreatestarchitecturesintheworld.ThePotalapalacewasconstruc13

MacoPolostayedinChinafor17years

In13thcentury,MacoPolo,theItaliantravelerandbusinessman,cametoChinawithhisuncleandstayedfor17years,visitingmanyplacesandcitiesinYuanDynastyandwroteabooktitledtheTravelsofMarcoPolo.MacoPolostayedin14

IhavenottoldhalfofwhatIsaw.

Amonghisomissions:1)teadrinking,2)calligraphy,3)thebindingofwomen'sfeettokeepthemsmall,and,mostglaring,4)theGreatWallofChina.5)PoloisnotmentionedinanyChineserecords.Ihavenottoldhalfofwha15ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredthenewworld

In1492,ChristopherColumbus,anItalianexplorerandnavigatordiscoveredthenewworld,Americancontinents.ChristopherColumbusdis16

AnEggofColumbus

Everythingiseasywhenyouknowhowtodoit.AnEggo17ChinesechildrensenttoUSAbyQingDynasty

From1870-1875,120Chinesechildren(agedfrom12-15)inQingDynasty,includingZhanTianyou,whowasinchargeoftheconstructionofthefirstrailwayinChina,wenttoreceiveeducationintheUSA.Chinesechildrensentt18SevenVoyagestoWesternOceansbyZhengHe

From1405-1433,duringthe28years,ZhengHewenttothewesternoceansforseventimes,hisvoyagemuchearlierthanColumbus.SevenVoyagestoWester19Thetwoworldwarsinthelastcentury

From1914-1918,theFirstWorldWar,1939-1945,theSecondWorldWar.Thetwoworldwars20TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945

AfterWorldWarII,theUnitedNationswasfoundedtoprovideaplatformfordialoguesamongcountries.TheUnitedNations21DeGaulle

DeGaulle22ThebusinessamongthecountriesintheworldWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplefromdifferentcountriesconductinternationaltradeorbusinesseveryday.Thebusinessamong23TheOlympicGamesTheOlympicGamesisheldeveryfouryears,whichisparticipatedbytheathletesfromoveronehundredcountriesTheOlympicGames243)Professionalinterpretersandinterpretingtrainingschools3)Professionalinterpretersa25Thefirstinterpreterswerecalled“tonguepeople”inancientChinaInabout2000yearsago,thosewhoworkedasinterpreterswerecalled“譯“，”寄”，“象”，“舌人”。Thefirstinte26ThefirstprofessionalinterpretersemergedinParisFranceaftertheFirstWorldWarJustafterWorldWarI,somepeoplebegantoworkasprofessionalinterpretersforcertainorganizationsforthepurposeofpolitics,militarywarorinternationaltrade.Thefirstprofessiona27ThefirstschoolforinterpretersatuniversitywasfoundedinGenevainSwitzerlandin1941TheFacultyofTranslationandInterpretingofGenevaUniversitywasfoundedin1941fortrainingprofessionaltranslatorsandinterpreters.Thefirstschoolfor28ThefirstschooloftranslationandinterpretingwasfoundedinChinain2003ThefirstschooloftranslationandinterpretingwasfoundedinShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversityin2003,oneofthe10topschoolsoftranslationandinterpretingintheworld.Thefirstschooloft29TheNo.1interpreterinChinasincethe1950sJiChaozhu(冀朝鑄），N0.1interpreterinChina,workedasanInterpreterforMaZedong,ZhouEnlai,DengXiaoping,forthreegenerationsofCPCleadersforabout50years.TheNo.1interpreter30MasterofTranslationandInterpreting(MTI)areofferedatover100hundreduniversitiesinChinaIn2007,severaluniversitiesweregrantedtoenrollundergraduatestostudyforMTIintwoyears.Thestudentswillstudyatuniversityfortwoyearsandwillbegrantedmaterdegreefortranslationandinterpreting.MasterofTranslation312.TheDefinitionofInterpretation

1)Thedefinitionoftranslation2)Thedefinitionofinterpretation3)Thedifferencebetweentranslationandinterpreting4)Thedefinitionofinterpreters2.TheDefinitionofInterpret321)Definitionsoftranslation1)Definitionsof33(1)Translatingistheartofrecomposingaworkinanotherlanguagewithoutlosingitsoriginalflavor.

----ColumbiaEncyclopedia(2)Translatingisthereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguage(SL)byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage(TL).

----J.C.Catford(1)Translatingisthearto34(3)Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.

----EugeneA.Nida(4)Translation

is

a

rewriting

of

an

original

text.(3)Translatingconsistsinr352)Definitionsofinterpreting2)Definitionsof36

(1)Itisdefinedas"oraltranslationofawrittentext".

(2)Interpretingisaserviceactivitywithacommunicationfunction.Itisusuallyaface-to-facecommunicativeact.(1)Itisdefinedas"oralt37(3)Anextemporeoralreproductioninonelanguage,ofwhatissaidinanotherlanguage.

(4)Anoraltransmissionofmessagesfromonelanguageintotheirequivalentsinanother,forthepurposeofachievingextemporeunderstandingbetweencommunicators.(3)Anextemporeoralrepro38

(5)口譯是一種通過口頭表達(dá)形式，將所聽到（間或讀到）的信息準(zhǔn)確而又快速地由一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種語言，進(jìn)而達(dá)到傳遞與交流信息之目的的交際行為，是人類在跨文化、跨民族交往活動中所依賴的一種基本的語言交際工具。英語口譯簡介課件39

/programs/view/a9lUKOFw6QQ/progr403)ThedifferencebetweenTranslationandInterpreting3)ThedifferencebetweenTran41Interpret:

Inter:between,among;pret:explain.Eerpretation,interpretingTranslate:trans:across;late:bear,carry.Bearingsomethingfromoneplacetoanother.Carryingsomethingfromonelanguagetoanotherinwrittenform.Interpret:Inter:between,am42(1)Thekeyskillofaverygoodtranslatoristheabilitytowritewell，professionaltranslatorsalmostalwaysworkinonlyonedirection,translatingonlyintotheirnativelanguage,usingagoodlibraryofdictionariesandreferencematerials,(2)Aninterpreter,ontheotherhand,hastobeabletotranslateinbothdirections,withouttheuseofanydictionariesonthespot.(1)Thekeyskillofaverygo43(3)Input:

translation:well-writtentextsinterpreting:spokeninformation,disappearingquickly,withrepetitionandredundancies(4)Processoftransfer:translation:enoughtimeinterpreting:quickresponse(5)Output:

translation:writtentextinterpreting:speech(3)Input:44(6)Criteriatranslation:fidelity,fluency,elegance信達(dá)雅interpreting:quicknessaccuracy,fluencyfast,accurate,smooth快準(zhǔn)順

(6)Criteria45準(zhǔn)accuracyIhaven’tbeentoHongKongyet.IwasgoingtovisitHongKongnextyear.----我還沒有去過香港，我打算明年去。----我還沒有去過香港，我本來打算明年去的。準(zhǔn)accuracyIhaven’tbeentoHo46順fluencyThanksforwatchingourprogram,andyouenjoytherestoftheday.----謝謝您觀看我們的節(jié)目，祝各位今天剩下的時間愉快。----謝謝您觀看我們的節(jié)目，祝各位愉快。順fluencyThanksforwatchingo47翻譯之難Tobe,ornottobe,thatisthequestion.朱生豪：生存還是毀滅，這是一個值得考慮的問題。梁實秋：死后是存在，還是不存在，——這是問題。卞之琳：活下去還是不活，這是問題。許國璋：是生，是死，這是問題。王佐良：生或死，這就是問題所在。方平：活著好，還是死了好，這是個難題啊。孫大雨：是生存還是消亡，問題的所在。裘克安：活著，還是不活了，問題就在這里。某教授：做與不做，真是個問題。某劇本：生存或毀滅,這是個必答之問題。

翻譯之難Tobe,ornottobe,that48蘇格拉底：這個世界上有兩種人，一種是快樂的豬，一種是痛苦的人。做痛苦的人，不做快樂的豬。要想向我學(xué)知識，你必須先有強烈的求知欲望，就像你有強烈的求生欲望一樣。

蘇格拉底：494)Thedefinitionsofinterpreters4)Thedefinitionsofinterpre50(1)譯員是被用高薪請去別聽人講話的人;(2)譯員是聽得懂要翻聽不懂更要翻的人;(3)譯員是說完就忘忘了還要繼續(xù)說的人;(4)譯員是吃遍世界卻離不開方便面的人;(5)譯員是講話人咳嗽行自己斷不能咳嗽,否則就被說成只會鸚鵡學(xué)舌的人。(1)譯員是被用高薪請去別聽人講話的人;51(6)Goodfoodtoeat(7)Goodpeopletomeet(8)Goodplacetovisit(9)Goodmoneytomake英語口譯簡介課件523TheknowledgestructureofInterpreters1)KL:knowledgeforlanguages2)EK:encyclopedicknowledge3)S(P+AP):professionalinterpretingskills+artisticpresentationskills3Theknowledgestructureof53Ingeneral:KI=KL+EK+S(P+AP)

譯員應(yīng)該掌握的知識=

雙語知識+百科知識+技能(職業(yè)口譯技能+藝術(shù)表達(dá)技能)Ingeneral:KI=KL+EK+S(P+A541)KL:knowledgeforlanguagesHighleveloflinguisticproficiencylinguisticproficiencyofEnglishlanguagelinguisticproficiencyofChineselanguage1)KL:knowledgeforlangu55（1）三個和尚沒水吃。Threemonkshavenowatertodrink.Everybody’sbusinessmeansnobusiness(2)Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.一個人的佳肴是他人的毒藥。蘿卜白菜，各有所愛。（3）Badnewstravelsfast.

壞消息傳得快。好事不出門，壞事傳千里。（1）三個和尚沒水吃。563)EK:encyclopedicknowledge(1)ProfessorofEnglish(2)DeanoftheSchoolofTranslationandInterpretingShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity(3)TranslatoroftheChapterofMusicofBritainEncyclopedia(4)DesignerofthefirstwebsiteofSISU(5)BecholarofartinEnglish(6)Masterofscienceincomputer(7)Masterofscienceinpsychology(8)Stronginterestinfuzzymaths(9)Quitefamiliarwithchemistry3)EK:encyclopedicknowled573)S(P+AP):skills=professionalinterpretingskills+artisticpresentationskillsActivelisteningDiscourseanalysisNotetakingRetellingPublicspeakingParaphrasingFiguresinterpretingIdiomsinterpretingFuzzyinterpretationCopingtactics3)S(P+AP):skills=professiona58Quite-wittednessOutstandingmemoryCross-culturalcommunicationCalmnessStrongsenseofresponsibilityGoodprofessionalethics4)professionalismofinterpretersQuite-wittedness4)professiona594TheProcessofInterpretingEncoding-listeningMemorizing3)Encoding-processing-delivering4TheProcessofInterpretingE60詞匯語音句型生理心理素質(zhì)邏輯層次分析Decoding聽入解碼Memorizing短期記憶Encoding編碼輸出記憶=記+憶記=腦記+筆記短期記憶技巧口譯筆記技巧公眾陳述技巧句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換跨文化交際能力數(shù)字傳譯技巧專題詞匯表達(dá)Pre-jobpreparationandcopingtactics譯前準(zhǔn)備策略、困境應(yīng)對策略Preparing譯前準(zhǔn)備Performing現(xiàn)場口譯Packaging譯后總結(jié)詞匯語音句型DecodingMemorizingEncodi615TheTypesofInterpretation1)AlternatingInterpretation2)SimultaneousInterpretation3)ConsecutiveInterpretation)4)SimultaneousInterpretation5)WhisperingInterpretation6)SightInterpretation5TheTypesofInterpretation162交替翻譯(AlternatingInterpretation)同聲傳譯(SimultaneousInterpretation)接續(xù)翻譯(ConsecutiveInterpretation)同聲傳譯(SimultaneousInterpretation)耳語翻譯(WhisperingInterpretation)

視閱翻譯(SightInterpretation)

交替翻譯(AlternatingInterpretatio63

◆交替翻譯(AlternatingInterpretation)交替翻譯是指譯員同時以兩種語言為說不同語言的交際雙方進(jìn)行交替式翻譯。這種穿梭于雙語之間的翻譯是口譯活動中最常見的一種方式。交替翻譯的場合很廣,可以是隨和的、非事務(wù)性的交談,也可以是正式的政府首腦會議,或者是記者招待會等。作為一種交談式的轉(zhuǎn)譯行為,交替翻譯的譯員需不停地轉(zhuǎn)換語言,需頻繁穿梭于交談雙方或多方之間,來回傳遞以小語段為單位進(jìn)行表達(dá)的信息。

◆交替翻譯(AlternatingInterpreta64

◆接續(xù)翻譯(ConsecutiveInterpretation)接續(xù)翻譯是一種為演講者以句子或段落翻譯單位進(jìn)行的單向口譯方式。接續(xù)翻譯用于多種場合,如演講、祝詞、授課、高級會議、新聞發(fā)布會等。由于演講者因種種原因需要完整地表達(dá)信息,所以他們往往習(xí)慣于連貫發(fā)言。這種情況需要譯員以接續(xù)翻譯的方式,在一方講話的自然停頓間隙,將所聽到的信息單位,完整地、一組接一組地傳譯給另一方。

◆接續(xù)翻譯(ConsecutiveInterpreta65

◆同聲傳譯(SimultaneousInterpretation)同聲傳譯,或稱同聲翻譯,是一種譯員在一方講話的同時不停頓地將其講話內(nèi)容傳譯給另一方的口譯方式。因為譯員的翻譯與一方的講話幾乎同步進(jìn)行,所以這種翻譯亦被稱之為同步翻譯。同聲傳譯的最大優(yōu)點在于它時間效率高,可保證講話者作連貫發(fā)言,不會影響或中斷講話者的思緒,有利于聽眾對發(fā)言全文的通篇理解。由于同聲傳譯以上一些優(yōu)勢,所以被認(rèn)為是效率最高的翻譯形式,通常被國際組織采納為大會發(fā)言的傳譯手段。同聲翻譯有時也用于學(xué)術(shù)報告、授課講座等場合。

◆同聲傳譯(SimultaneousInterpret66

◆耳語翻譯(WhisperingInterpretation)耳語翻譯顧名思義是一種將一方的講話內(nèi)容用耳語的方式輕輕地傳譯給另一方。耳語翻譯與同聲傳譯一樣,屬于不停頓的連貫性翻譯活動。所不同的是,同聲傳譯的聽眾往往是群體,如國際會議的與會者等,而耳語翻譯的聽眾則是個人,其對象往往是接見外賓、參加會晤的國家元首或高級政府官員。

◆耳語翻譯(WhisperingInterpretat67

◆視閱翻譯(SightInterpretation)視閱翻譯(簡稱視譯)的內(nèi)容通常是一篇事先準(zhǔn)備好的講稿或文件。除非情況緊急,或出于暫時保密的緣故,譯員可以在臨場前幾分鐘甚至更長的一段時間得到講稿或文件,譯員可以將所需翻譯的文稿快速瀏覽一遍。視閱翻譯與同聲傳譯和耳語翻譯一樣,同屬不間斷的全文連貫式口譯活動。

◆視閱翻譯(SightInterpretation)68ThisisaproductlauncheventThisisaproductlaunchevent69ThisisatrainingcourseonsafedrivingThisisatrainingcourseons70ThisisaradiointerviewThisisaradiointerview71ThisisapressconferenceThisisapressconference72SimultaneousInterpretingSimultaneousInterpreting73Summery4TheHistoryofInterpreting1235TheKnowledgeStructureofInterpretersThedefinitionofInterpretationTheProcessofInterpretationTheTypesofInterpretationSummery4TheHistoryofInterpr74ThankYou!ThankYou!75Presentation1AnBriefIntroductiontoInterpretation

EnglishInterpretingPresentation1AnBriefIntr76YouwillbedestroyedYouwillbedestroyed77contents4TheHistoryofInterpreting1235TheKnowledgeStructureofInterpretersThedefinitionofInterpretationTheProcessofInterpretationTheTypesofInterpretationcontents4TheHistoryofInterp781.TheDevelopmentofInterpretation

1)Spokenlanguageisearlierthanwrittenlanguage2)Communicationbymeansofinterpreting3)Professionalinterpretertrainingschoolsforinterpreters1.TheDevelopmentofInterpre791)Spokenlanguageemergedmuchearlierthanwrittenlanguage1)Spokenlanguage80

TheShangOracleBones,1600BC

(ideographicwriting)

TheoraclebonesortheinscriptionsonbonesortortoiseshellsoftheShangDynasty

TheShangOracleBones,16081ThehieroglyphinancientEgypt5000ago

(ideographicwriting)

ThehieroglyphorpictographcreatedbythepeopleinancientEgyptabout5000yearsThehieroglyphinancientEgyp82ThealphabeticwritingascribedbythePhoenicians1000B.C.

ThePhoeniciansinventedthefirstalphabeticlettersinabout3000yearsagoThealphabeticwritingascribe83

Humanbeingsbegantospeak20.0000yearsago(spokenlanguageemerged)Humanbeingsbegantospeak842)Communicationbymeansofinterpreting2)Communicationbymeanso85

ThespreadofreligionsbyinterpretersBuddhismChristianityIslamConfucianismThespreadofreligion86

Wencheng

PrincessandhermarriageinTuboDynasty

WenchengPrincessvolunteeredtomarrySongzanganbu,thekingofTuboDynastyin640whenChinawasunderthecontrolofTangDynastyWenchengPrincessandhermar87ThePotalapalacewasconstructedforwelcomingWenchengPrincesstoTibetformarryingSongzanggangbuinthe7thcentury.Nowitisoneofthegreatestarchitecturesintheworld.ThePotalapalacewasconstruc88

MacoPolostayedinChinafor17years

In13thcentury,MacoPolo,theItaliantravelerandbusinessman,cametoChinawithhisuncleandstayedfor17years,visitingmanyplacesandcitiesinYuanDynastyandwroteabooktitledtheTravelsofMarcoPolo.MacoPolostayedin89

IhavenottoldhalfofwhatIsaw.

Amonghisomissions:1)teadrinking,2)calligraphy,3)thebindingofwomen'sfeettokeepthemsmall,and,mostglaring,4)theGreatWallofChina.5)PoloisnotmentionedinanyChineserecords.Ihavenottoldhalfofwha90ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredthenewworld

In1492,ChristopherColumbus,anItalianexplorerandnavigatordiscoveredthenewworld,Americancontinents.ChristopherColumbusdis91

AnEggofColumbus

Everythingiseasywhenyouknowhowtodoit.AnEggo92ChinesechildrensenttoUSAbyQingDynasty

From1870-1875,120Chinesechildren(agedfrom12-15)inQingDynasty,includingZhanTianyou,whowasinchargeoftheconstructionofthefirstrailwayinChina,wenttoreceiveeducationintheUSA.Chinesechildrensentt93SevenVoyagestoWesternOceansbyZhengHe

From1405-1433,duringthe28years,ZhengHewenttothewesternoceansforseventimes,hisvoyagemuchearlierthanColumbus.SevenVoyagestoWester94Thetwoworldwarsinthelastcentury

From1914-1918,theFirstWorldWar,1939-1945,theSecondWorldWar.Thetwoworldwars95TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945

AfterWorldWarII,theUnitedNationswasfoundedtoprovideaplatformfordialoguesamongcountries.TheUnitedNations96DeGaulle

DeGaulle97ThebusinessamongthecountriesintheworldWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplefromdifferentcountriesconductinternationaltradeorbusinesseveryday.Thebusinessamong98TheOlympicGamesTheOlympicGamesisheldeveryfouryears,whichisparticipatedbytheathletesfromoveronehundredcountriesTheOlympicGames993)Professionalinterpretersandinterpretingtrainingschools3)Professionalinterpretersa100Thefirstinterpreterswerecalled“tonguepeople”inancientChinaInabout2000yearsago,thosewhoworkedasinterpreterswerecalled“譯“，”寄”，“象”，“舌人”。Thefirstinte101ThefirstprofessionalinterpretersemergedinParisFranceaftertheFirstWorldWarJustafterWorldWarI,somepeoplebegantoworkasprofessionalinterpretersforcertainorganizationsforthepurposeofpolitics,militarywarorinternationaltrade.Thefirstprofessiona102ThefirstschoolforinterpretersatuniversitywasfoundedinGenevainSwitzerlandin1941TheFacultyofTranslationandInterpretingofGenevaUniversitywasfoundedin1941fortrainingprofessionaltranslatorsandinterpreters.Thefirstschoolfor103ThefirstschooloftranslationandinterpretingwasfoundedinChinain2003ThefirstschooloftranslationandinterpretingwasfoundedinShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversityin2003,oneofthe10topschoolsoftranslationandinterpretingintheworld.Thefirstschooloft104TheNo.1interpreterinChinasincethe1950sJiChaozhu(冀朝鑄），N0.1interpreterinChina,workedasanInterpreterforMaZedong,ZhouEnlai,DengXiaoping,forthreegenerationsofCPCleadersforabout50years.TheNo.1interpreter105MasterofTranslationandInterpreting(MTI)areofferedatover100hundreduniversitiesinChinaIn2007,severaluniversitiesweregrantedtoenrollundergraduatestostudyforMTIintwoyears.Thestudentswillstudyatuniversityfortwoyearsandwillbegrantedmaterdegreefortranslationandinterpreting.MasterofTranslation1062.TheDefinitionofInterpretation

1)Thedefinitionoftranslation2)Thedefinitionofinterpretation3)Thedifferencebetweentranslationandinterpreting4)Thedefinitionofinterpreters2.TheDefinitionofInterpret1071)Definitionsoftranslation1)Definitionsof108(1)Translatingistheartofrecomposingaworkinanotherlanguagewithoutlosingitsoriginalflavor.

----ColumbiaEncyclopedia(2)Translatingisthereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguage(SL)byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage(TL).

----J.C.Catford(1)Translatingisthearto109(3)Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.

----EugeneA.Nida(4)Translation

is

a

rewriting

of

an

original

text.(3)Translatingconsistsinr1102)Definitionsofinterpreting2)Definitionsof111

(1)Itisdefinedas"oraltranslationofawrittentext".

(2)Interpretingisaserviceactivitywithacommunicationfunction.Itisusuallyaface-to-facecommunicativeact.(1)Itisdefinedas"oralt112(3)Anextemporeoralreproductioninonelanguage,ofwhatissaidinanotherlanguage.

(4)Anoraltransmissionofmessagesfromonelanguageintotheirequivalentsinanother,forthepurposeofachievingextemporeunderstandingbetweencommunicators.(3)Anextemporeoralrepro113

(5)口譯是一種通過口頭表達(dá)形式，將所聽到（間或讀到）的信息準(zhǔn)確而又快速地由一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種語言，進(jìn)而達(dá)到傳遞與交流信息之目的的交際行為，是人類在跨文化、跨民族交往活動中所依賴的一種基本的語言交際工具。英語口譯簡介課件114

/programs/view/a9lUKOFw6QQ/progr1153)ThedifferencebetweenTranslationandInterpreting3)ThedifferencebetweenTran116Interpret:

Inter:between,among;pret:explain.Eerpretation,interpretingTranslate:trans:across;late:bear,carry.Bearingsomethingfromoneplacetoanother.Carryingsomethingfromonelanguagetoanotherinwrittenform.Interpret:Inter:between,am117(1)Thekeyskillofaverygoodtranslatoristheabilitytowritewell，professionaltranslatorsalmostalwaysworkinonlyonedirection,translatingonlyintotheirnativelanguage,usingagoodlibraryofdictionariesandreferencematerials,(2)Aninterpreter,ontheotherhand,hastobeabletotranslateinbothdirections,withouttheuseofanydictionariesonthespot.(1)Thekeyskillofaverygo118(3)Input:

translation:well-writtentextsinterpreting:spokeninformation,disappearingquickly,withrepetitionandredundancies(4)Processoftransfer:translation:enoughtimeinterpreting:quickresponse(5)Output:

translation:writtentextinterpreting:speech(3)Input:119(6)Criteriatranslation:fidelity,fluency,elegance信達(dá)雅interpreting:quicknessaccuracy,fluencyfast,accurate,smooth快準(zhǔn)順

(6)Criteria120準(zhǔn)accuracyIhaven’tbeentoHongKongyet.IwasgoingtovisitHongKongnextyear.----我還沒有去過香港，我打算明年去。----我還沒有去過香港，我本來打算明年去的。準(zhǔn)accuracyIhaven’tbeentoHo121順fluencyThanksforwatchingourprogram,andyouenjoytherestoftheday.----謝謝您觀看我們的節(jié)目，祝各位今天剩下的時間愉快。----謝謝您觀看我們的節(jié)目，祝各位愉快。順fluencyThanksforwatchingo122翻譯之難Tobe,ornottobe,thatisthequestion.朱生豪：生存還是毀滅，這是一個值得考慮的問題。梁實秋：死后是存在，還是不存在，——這是問題。卞之琳：活下去還是不活，這是問題。許國璋：是生，是死，這是問題。王佐良：生或死，這就是問題所在。方平：活著好，還是死了好，這是個難題啊。孫大雨：是生存還是消亡，問題的所在。裘克安：活著，還是不活了，問題就在這里。某教授：做與不做，真是個問題。某劇本：生存或毀滅,這是個必答之問題。

翻譯之難Tobe,ornottobe,that123蘇格拉底：這個世界上有兩種人，一種是快樂的豬，一種是痛苦的人。做痛苦的人，不做快樂的豬。要想向我學(xué)知識，你必須先有強烈的求知欲望，就像你有強烈的求生欲望一樣。

蘇格拉底：1244)Thedefinitionsofinterpreters4)Thedefinitionsofinterpre125(1)譯員是被用高薪請去別聽人講話的人;(2)譯員是聽得懂要翻聽不懂更要翻的人;(3)譯員是說完就忘忘了還要繼續(xù)說的人;(4)譯員是吃遍世界卻離不開方便面的人;(5)譯員是講話人咳嗽行自己斷不能咳嗽,否則就被說成只會鸚鵡學(xué)舌的人。(1)譯員是被用高薪請去別聽人講話的人;126(6)Goodfoodtoeat(7)Goodpeopletomeet(8)Goodplacetovisit(9)Goodmoneytomake英語口譯簡介課件1273TheknowledgestructureofInterpreters1)KL:knowledgeforlanguages2)EK:encyclopedicknowledge3)S(P+AP):professionalinterpretingskills+artisticpresentationskills3Theknowledgestructureof128Ingeneral:KI=KL+EK+S(P+AP)

譯員應(yīng)該掌握的知識=

雙語知識+百科知識+技能(職業(yè)口譯技能+藝術(shù)表達(dá)技能)Ingeneral:KI=KL+EK+S(P+A1291)KL:knowledgeforlanguagesHighleveloflinguisticproficiencylinguisticproficiencyofEnglishlanguagelinguisticproficiencyofChineselanguage1)KL:knowledgeforlangu130（1）三個和尚沒水吃。Threemonkshavenowatertodrink.Everybody’sbusinessmeansnobusiness(2)Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.一個人的佳肴是他人的毒藥。蘿卜白菜，各有所愛。（3）Badnewstravelsfast.

壞消息傳得快。好事不出門，壞事傳千里。（1）三個和尚沒水吃。1313)EK:encyclopedicknowledge(1)ProfessorofEnglish(2)DeanoftheSchoolofTranslationandInterpretingShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity(3)TranslatoroftheChapterofMusicofBritainEncyclopedia(4)DesignerofthefirstwebsiteofSISU(5)BecholarofartinEnglish(6)Masterofscienceincomputer(7)