物理化學一2005級期中雙語試題

廈門大物理化學（一（雙語班）試化學化工學院化學系2005年級化學 （A一、選擇題(每題10分，共1020下圖為某氣體的p-V圖圖中為恒溫可逆變化,對外做功為WAB;A→C為絕熱可逆變化,對外做功為WAC;A→D為多方不可逆變化,對外做功為WAD。B,D,C態(tài)的體積相等。問下述關(guān)系哪個正確? 高溫下臭氧的摩爾等壓熱容Cp,m為 ΔH=Qp,此式適用于下列那個過程 1013250Pa101325Pa1013250,101325PaCuSO4(298K,101325Pa)(373K,10132.5已 H2(g,298K)+(1/2)O2(g,298K)=H2O(g,298 mrH(1)=-241.8kJ·mol-mrH2(g,298K)=2H(g,298 mrH(2)=436.0kJ·mol-mrO2(g,298K)=O(g,298 mrH(3)=247.7kJ·mol-mr根據(jù)上述數(shù)據(jù)可獲得H—O鍵的平均鍵能εH—O約為 925.5kJ·mol-462.8kJ·mol-120.9kJ·mol-241.8kJ·mol-某定量均相純流體從298K,10p恒溫壓縮時,總物系的焓增加,則該物系從298K,10p節(jié)流膨脹到鄰近 降 不 不能確 (U/V)S dSCpdln(T/K (S/V)T (U/p)T= 用1mol理想氣體進行焦耳實（自由膨脹求得ΔS=19.16J·K-1，則體系的自由能變化為 ΔG=19.16 ΔG<19.16 ΔG>19.16 ΔG= 0000Atwhichoneofthefollowingconditionsaclosedsystem emore k1Qjk

dnj

di

deSdi

j k1

di

SsysSsur

dtj1WhichoneofthefollowingchartsrepresentstheCarnotcycleofperfect 二、計算題(共5題50（10分T1=298K

5p的初態(tài)。(a)經(jīng)絕熱可逆膨脹；(b)2ppT2QW,ΔU，ΔH2（10分Anaqueoussolutionofunoxygenatedhemoglobincontaining5gofprotein(M=64,000gmol-1)in100cm3ofsolutionisplacedinaninsulatedvessel.Whenenoughmolecularoxygenisaddedtothesolutiontocompleysaturatethehemoglobin,thetemperaturerises0.031℃.Eachmoleofhemoglobinbinds4molesofoxygen.Whatistheenthalpyofreactionpermoleofoxygenbound?Theheatcapacityofthesolutionmaybeassumedtobe4.18JK-1cm-3.Estimatetheminimumdetectableconcentrationofunoxygenatedhemoglobinifatemperatureriseof0.02℃canbedistinguished.（10分2mol100℃，101325kPa100℃，101325kPa的水蒸氣,求水的熵ΔvapS101325kPa,10040.68kJ·mol-1（10分r NitricacidhydrateshavereceivedmuchattentionaspossiblecatalystsforheterogeneousreactionsthatbringabouttheAntarcticozonehole.Worsnopetal.investigatedthethermodynamicstabilityofthesehydratesundertypicalconditionsofthepolarwinterstratosphere(D.R.Worsnopetal,Science259,71(1993)).Theyreportthermodynamicdataforthesublimationofmono-,di-,andtrihydratestonitricr HNO3·nH2O(S)→HNO3(g)+nH2O(g),forn=1,2and3,

forthesereactionsatrusetheGibbs-Helmholtzequationr

atn123n123GH （10分,過冷液體水凝結(jié)為冰時，體系的sG和sS (3題30（10分ForagasVRT(ba whatistheinversiontemperaturefortheJoule-Thomsoneffect?Whatisthesignof

belowtheVm

TT

Vm

b J

（12分dSCVT

dpCpT T

T 并導出對于理想氣體,p1V1,p2V2CpCV均為常數(shù),S

lnp2

lnV （8分Consideracontainerofvolume250cm3thatisdividedintotwocompartmentsofequalsize.IntheleftcompartmentthereisArgonat100kPaand0C;intherightcompartmentthereisNeonatthesam