E英語教程2-unit4課件

1PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流1PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ListeningandspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCultureexpressContent2PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ListeningandspeakingReadingGPronunciationandlisteningskillsConversationsPassageListeningandspeaking3PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PronunciationandlisteningskFocusingontimeinformationThepronunciationsofthewordsinbracketsaredifficulttodistinguish.Listencarefullyandcheck(?)thewordsyouhear.Tips推算事件發(fā)生的時間是聽力中常見的一種考題。遇到這樣的題目切忌聽到哪個時間就選哪個。聽錄音時最好把聽到的時間和相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞記下來以便聽到問題后進行簡單的運算。1

A5:00B5:03C5:452

A9:00B9:30C9:203

A10:00B8:00C9:004

A7:50B7:15C8:15????5

A5:15B5:30C5:456

A10:00B10:30C9:30??4PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流FocusingontimeinformationThFocusingontimeinformationScripts1W:Pleasehurryup,it’salreadyfive.Threequarterslatermytrainisleaving.M:Don’tworry,Madam.I’llgetyouthereintime.Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?2W:It’sninealready.Whydoesn’tthemeetingstart?M:Well,thesecretarysaysitisdelayed30minutes.Q:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?3M:CouldyougivemesomeinformationaboutbusesforWashington,please?W:Theyleaveeveryhour.Youjustmissedthenineo’clockbus.Q:Whenisthenextbusleaving?5PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流FocusingontimeinformationScFocusingontimeinformationScripts4M:Say,whattimeisit?Isitreallyonlyseven-fifteen?Mywatchsayseight-fifteen.W:Youforgottosetyourwatchback.Q:Whattimeisitnow?5M:What’sthetimetoleave?W:Halfpastfive.Thatonlyleavesus15minutestogettotheairport.Q:Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?6M:It’s10o’clocknow.IwonderwhenJackwillcomehere.W:Justnow,Igotacallandhiswifesaidhelefthome30minutesago.Q:WhendidJackleavehome?6PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流FocusingontimeinformationScTips英語時間通常用以下兩種方法表達：1.直接表達法1)用基數(shù)詞

+o’clock來表示整點，注意o’clock須用單數(shù)，可以省略。如：eight(o'clock)(8:00)。2)用基數(shù)詞按“鐘點

+分鐘”的順序直接寫出時間，表示非整點。如：eightfive(8:05)，eightforty(8:40)。2.間接表達法1)如果分鐘數(shù)少于30，可用“分鐘

+past+鐘點”表示，其中past是介詞，意思是“過”。如：twentypastfour(4:20)。Focusingontimeinformation7PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Tips英語時間通常用以下兩種方法表達：FocusingoTips2)如果所表示時間的分鐘數(shù)多于30，可用“（60分鐘-分鐘數(shù)）+to+（原鐘點數(shù)+1）”表示，其中to是介詞，意思是“差”。如：twenty-fivetonine(8:35)。注：1)當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)是15時，可用名詞quarter（一刻鐘）表示。如：aquarterpasteight(8:15)。2)當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)是30時，可用名詞half（一半）表示。如：halfpastnine(9:30)。Focusingontimeinformation8PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Tips2)如果所表示時間的分鐘數(shù)多于30，可用“（60ConversationsConversation1Conversation2FunctionallanguageExercisesExercisesFunctionallanguage9PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ConversationsConversation1Con1.

ListentoaconversationandmatchthestudentsinColumnAwithwheretheycomefrominColumnB.Wordtipsplasticadj.塑料(制)的reusable

adj.可重復(fù)使用的fussn.小題大做；大驚小怪biodegradable

adj.

可生物降解的Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities10PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流1. Listentoaconversationan1.

ListentoaconversationandmatchthestudentsinColumnAwithwheretheycomefrominColumnB.Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities2Accordingtotheconversation,whatshouldTommydo?ATakeanewbageverytimehebuyssomething.BDegradetheplasticbags.CBringhisownbageverytimehegoesshopping.?1WhatisTommy'sattitudetoenvironmentalprotection?AIndifferent. BWorried. CNotmentioned.?11PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流1. Listentoaconversationan2.

Listenagainandcompletethefollowingconversationwithwhatyouhear.3I'm____________bringmyownbageverytimeIgoshopping?1Oh,butI___________takereusablebagseverytime.2Itissuchawasteand__________fortheenvironment!hateto

badsupposedtoConversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities12PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流2. ListenagainandcompletetScriptsConversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesAmy:Tommy,youareusingtoomanyplasticbags!Tommy:Oh,butIhatetotakereusablebagseverytime.Amy:Soyoutakeanewbageverytimeyoubuysomething?Tommy:What’swrongaboutthat?Amy:Itissuchawasteandbadfortheenvironment!Tommy:Don’tmakeafuss,Amy!It’snotthatserious!Amy:Itisveryserious!It’sveryharmfultotheenvironment.Youknow,plasticbags

aren’tbiodegradable.Amy:I’msupposedtobringmyownbageverytimeIgoshopping?Tommy:Yougotit!It’severyone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.13PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ScriptsConversation1-Talkin3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Situation1AisaskingBaboutthedutiesofbeingamemberoftheEnglishClub.Situation2AisaskingBaboutthedutiesofbeingamemberoftheuniversitychorus(合唱團).(Sample)(Sample)Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities14PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流3. Role-playaconversationin3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.GUIDEDCONVERSATIONA:GreetBandaskforthepermission(許可)tojointheEnglishClub/universitychorus.B:Showwelcome.A:Askaboutthethingsyouhavetodo.B:TellAhis/herduties.A:Askifthereareotherthingsyouhavetodo.B:Giveanswers.A:Showthanks.Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities15PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流3. Role-playaconversationinRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesLiz:Hello,Mike.I’mwonderingifIcouldjointheEnglishClub.Brown:Sure.AllthestudentswhoareinterestedinEnglisharewelcometojoinit.Mike:WhatshouldIdoifIjointheclub?Brown:Asamember,youarerequiredtotakepartintheactivitiesorganizedbytheEnglishClub.Liz:Isee.Anythingelse?Mike:It’syourdutytoattendthemeetingsheldbytheClub.Ann:OK,Igotit.Thankyou!16PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesChelsea:Hi,there!Lily:Hi,Chelsea!Chelsea:Iamthinkingaboutjoiningtheuniversitychorus.I’mnotsureifIamqualified.Lily:Ofcourseyouare.Youaresuchagoodsinger.You’remorethanwelcometojoinus.Chelsea:Couldyoupleasetellmethedutiesofbeingachorusmember?Lily:Sure.Itisourresponsibilitytobeontimeforrehearsalsandperformances.Chelsea:Yes,whatelse?Lily:Themembersmustfollowtherulesofthechorus.Chelsea:OK.Manythanks!17PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Roleplay-SampleconversatioFunctionalLanguageTalkingAboutResponsibilitiesIamsupposedto…Yououghtto/should…Itisourresponsibility/dutyto…Ithinkyoumust…We’rerequiredto…Conversation1

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities18PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流FunctionalLanguageTalkingAbo1.

Listentoaconversationanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Wordtipscharityn.

慈善事業(yè)fundsn.(pl.)

資金remote

adj.

偏遠的worthwhileadj.

值得的doone’sbit盡自己的一份力量optionalcourse選修課rehearsaln.

排練Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities19PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流1. ListentoaconversationanMaryandJohnagreewitheachotherthatcharityworkismeaningful.1.

Listentoaconversationanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).TFJohnhastotakepartintherehearsaleveryotherevening.Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesTheshowmentionedbyMaryisacontestorganizedbytheStudents’Union.FThepurposeofthecharityshowistomakechildrenhavefun.F20PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流MaryandJohnagreewitheach2. Listenagainandcompletethefollowingconversationwithwhatyouhear.Hi,John,there'llbeacharityshownextweekend.Areyou____________coming?It'saconcertorganizedbytheStudents'Union.Its_______erestedinpurposeConversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesYes,Ithinkwe'reallsupposedtohelpthose_________.So,wouldyouliketojoinus?inneedIdon'tthinkyouhaveto.Youcanpractice____________;butIthinkyoumusttakepartinthefinalrehearsal.onyourown21PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流2. ListenagainandcompletetScriptsConversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesMary:Hi,John,there’llbeacharityshownextweekend.Areyouinterestedincoming?John:Whatkindofcharityshow?Mary:It’saconcertorganizedbytheStudents’Union.Itspurposeistoraisefundsfor

thechildreninremoteareas.John:Itsoundslikeyou’redoingsomethingworthwhile!Mary:Yes,Ithinkwe’reallsupposedtohelpthoseinneed.So,wouldyouliketojoinus?John:Ofcourse.Ioughttodomybitandcontributetosociety.But,Mary,haveIgotto

practiceveryoften?Ihaveanoptionalcourseeveryotherevening.Mary:Idon’tthinkyouhaveto.Youcanpracticeonyourown;butIthinkyoumusttake

partinthefinalrehearsal.22PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ScriptsConversation2-Talkin3. Role-playaconversationingroupsofthreeaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Situation1AisgoingtotakepartinvolunteerteachinginwestChina.He/Sheis

askingBtodescribewhathe/shehas

todo.Situation2AisgoingtohelpBholdanartshow.

He/SheisaskingBtodescribewhat

he/shehastodo.(Sample)(Sample)Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities23PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流3. Role-playaconversationin3. Role-playaconversationingroupsofthreeaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.GUIDEDCONVERSATIONA:GreetBandaskifhe/shehasanytime.B:Sayyes.A:Askwhatyouhavetodowhendoingvolunteerteaching/intheartshow.B:TellAwhathe/shehastodo.A:Askifthereareotherthingsyouhavetodo.B:Giveareply.A:Showyourunderstandinganddeterminationofdoingitwell.Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilities24PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流3. Role-playaconversationinRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesJohn:Hi,Henry!Areyouavailablerightnow?CanIspeaktoyouforaminute?Henry:Sure.John:IknowyoutookpartinvolunteerteachinginwestChinalastyear.Ihavejustsignedupforit.CouldyougivemesomeideasaboutwhatIhavetodowhenvolunteering?Henry:Ofcourse.It’smypleasure.YouwillteachthoseprimaryschoolstudentsinwestChinaEnglish.John:ArethereanythingelseIhavetodo?Henry:Ithinkthemostimportantthingistogiveencouragementtothosestudents.John:Iagree.Iwilltrymybesttodothisvolunteerworkwell.25PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesJerry:Hi,Tom.CanItalktoyouforaminute?Tom:Certainly.Jerry:Sinceyouaremoreexperienced,couldyoupleasetellmewhatIhavetodofortheartshow?Tom:Iamafraidthatyoushouldhelpmetoselectfrommyworkstheonessuitableforthethemeofthisshow.JerryDoIhavetoworkonthelayoutoftheworksfortheshow?Tom:Yes.Thatwillbeveryhelpful.Itwillmakemyshowmoreattractive.Jerry:OK.Iwilltrymybest.26PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Roleplay-SampleconversatioFunctionalLanguageConversation2

-TalkingAboutResponsibilitiesTalkingAboutResponsibilitiesDoIreallyneed/haveto...?HaveIgotto...?Ithinkyou'reexpectedto...Idon'tthinkyouhaveto...I'mafraidthatyouhaveto...27PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流FunctionalLanguageConversatio1. Listentoapassageandcompletethefollowingtablewithwhatyouhear.PassageColumnA

ColumnBSeptember22,1998

2001

June5thcallingonBeijgersnottousecarsstartingthefirstCarFree

Dayin

FrancestartingthefirstCarFreeDayin

Chengdu28PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流1. ListentoapassageandcomPassage1ThefirstCarFreeDayintheworldwasstartedin______.Aeveryday

Bonedayaweek

Conedayamonth2.Listenagainandchoosethebestwaytocompleteeachofthefollowing2InBeijing,driversareaskedtogotoworkonfootorbybike_____.AAmerica

BFrance

CBeijingBC3Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe______.ATheOriginofCarFreeDayBWaystoProtecttheEnvironmentCWorldCarFreeDayC29PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Passage1ThefirstCarFreeDScriptsPassageWorldCarFreeDaywasfirststartedbyover30citiesinFranceonSeptember22,1998.Itwasstartedtoprotecttheenvironment.Bynow,morethan1,000citiesaroundtheworldhavehadaCarFreeDay.ThefirstCarFreeDayinChinawasinChengduin2001.OthercitiesincludingTaipei,Shanghai,andWuhan,alsosupporttheday.InBeijing,moreandmorepeoplearejoiningthecampaign.Itasksdriverstoleavetheircarsathomeforonedayeverymonth,andtowalkorrideabiketowork.ItalsocallsonBeijingersnottousecarsonJune5th(theWorldEnvironmentDay).Thesloganforthedayis,“Ifwedriveforonelessday,wecanhaveonemoreniceday.”Sofar,morethan200,000drivershaveshowntheirsupport.Theysay,“Wecan’tcontroltheweather,butwecanchoosenottodrive.WemustdomoreforCarFreeDay.”30PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流ScriptsPassageWorldCarFrPassage3.

Talkaboutthewaysyou'repracticingtoprotecttheenvironment.Thefollowingmaybehelpful.savingwater/paperclassifyinggarbagerecyclinggarbageplantingtreesnolittering(亂扔垃圾)ridingbicyclesinsteadofdrivingcars(Sample)Theenvironmentisveryimportanttoallofus.Therearemanywaystoprotectit.Thisincludessavingenergyandresources,plantingtrees,classifyinggarbage,andsoon.WhatIamdoingtoprotecttheenvironmentistosavewaterandpaperindailylife,andtoplanttrees.MyfriendsandIgotoplanttreeseveryspringandwereallyenjoydoingthat.31PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Passage3.TalkaboutthewaysPassageAPassageBIstherelifeonEarth?ViennaVegetableOrchestraReading32PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PassageAPassageBIstherelifIstherelifeonEarth?Lead-inTextstudyExercisesPassageA33PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流IstherelifeonEarth?Lead-inPassageA–IstherelifeonearthLead-inExtendedreadingPre-readingactivityVideoappreciation34PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PassageA–IstherelifeoneLead-in-VideoappreciationPassageA–Istherelifeonearth35PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Lead-in-VideoappreciationPas火星上有生命嗎？有人嗎？

據(jù)國外媒體報道，美國宇航局的火星軌道探測器以及火星車正在尋找有關(guān)火星生命的痕跡，目前科學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)在數(shù)十億年前，火星曾擁有潮濕的環(huán)境，很有可能存在生命，我們要做的就是找出它們留下的證據(jù)。地球上的生命具有非常頑強的生存能力，過去數(shù)十年，研究人員已經(jīng)在諸多惡劣的環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)不可思議的微生物，比如冰川內(nèi)部、深海熱液噴口、地下深處等，這些被認為幾乎不可能有生命存在的地方都發(fā)現(xiàn)了生命，甚至是核反應(yīng)堆中也有可適應(yīng)極端環(huán)境的生命存在，這些情況都暗示火星可能還存在生命。地球生命與火星生命之間是否存在關(guān)聯(lián)呢？科學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多證據(jù)顯示火星曾經(jīng)擁有溫暖的世界，有河流、湖泊,Lead-in-ExtendedreadingPassageA–Istherelifeonearth36PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Lead-in-ExtendedreadingPassa和海洋，火星可能存在地下水，有研究指出，火星生命與地球生命屬于太陽系中兩個完全不同的生命分支，如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)火星生命，那么在外形等特征上可能與地球生命完全無關(guān)，這也暗示了生命可以出現(xiàn)在任何一個適宜的星球上，宇宙中幾乎任何一個具備條件的行星都可能演化出生命。另一種理論認為火星生命與地球生命是同源的，兩顆行星的生命擁有同一祖先，顯然該理論暗示了地球生命可能來源于數(shù)十億年前的火星，即便火星沒有演化出高級文明，那么低等生物也可能通過隕石來到地球，這些空間碎片可以在太陽系內(nèi)側(cè)的某個軌道上運行，并重新被另一顆行星引力場捕獲，進入另一個星球的環(huán)境中。如果這一假說得到證實，那么地球生命可能就起源于火星，火星擁有潮濕環(huán)境的時期比地球更早。Lead-in-ExtendedreadingPassageA–Istherelifeonearth37PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流和海洋，火星可能存在地下水，有研究指出，火星生命與地球生命屬對此，有研究認為火星生命無法在惡劣的宇宙環(huán)境中幸存下來，這一觀點并沒有獲得足夠的支持，因此我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以忍受低溫、強輻射環(huán)境的生命，頑強的微生物可以在隕石中休眠保存，在一個新的環(huán)境中復(fù)蘇。也有研究提出地球生命或源于太陽系之外，當(dāng)太陽系圍繞銀河系運行時，穿過了一些星際氣體團或者碎片群，由此引入了生命種子，該假說暗示銀河系生命可能更加普遍，無論是哪種情況，對火星生命的探索都將給我們帶來驚喜。Lead-in-ExtendedreadingPassageA–Istherelifeonearth38PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流對此，有研究認為火星生命無法在惡劣的宇宙環(huán)境中幸存下來，這一Pre-readingactivityPassageA–Istherelifeonearth1.

Matchthefollowingexpressionswiththepicturesbelow.AwhitepollutionBwastewaterCsoilpollutionDsmogDBAC39PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Pre-readingactivityPassageAPre-readingactivityPassageA–Istherelifeonearth2.

Trytoimaginewhattheworldwouldbelikein100yearsiftheproblemsabovewerenotsolved.40PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Pre-readingactivityPassageATextstudyOrganizationofthetextLanguagepointsTextreadingPassageA–Istherelifeonearth41PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流TextstudyOrganizationofthePassageAIstherelifeonEarthTherewasgreatexcitementonVenusthisweek.ForthefirsttimeVenusianscientistsmanagedtolaunchasatelliteinorbitaroundtheplanetEarth,andithasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographseversince.ThesatellitewasdirectedoveranareaknownasManhattan-namedafterthegreatVenusianastronomerProfessorManhattan,whofirstdiscovereditwithhistelescope20,000lightyearsago.Becauseofexcellentweatherconditionsandstrongsignals,VenusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastothepossibilityoflandingamannedflyingsauceronEarth.ApressconferencewasheldattheVenusInstituteofTechnology._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________42PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PassageAIstherelifeonEart"Wehavecometotheconclusion,basedonthesatellitefindings,"ProfessorZogsaid."ThereisnolifeonEarth.""Howdoyouknowthis?"thesciencereporterfortheVenusEveningStarasked.5."Foronething,Earth'ssurfaceiscomposedofsolidconcreteandnothingcangrowthere.Foranother,theatmosphereisfilledwithcarbonmonoxideandotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreathethisairandsurvive."6."Whatdoesthismeanasfarasourflyingsaucerprogramisconcerned?“7."Weshallhavetotakeourownoxygenwithus,whichmeansamuchheavierflyingsaucerthanwehaveplanned.“______________________________________________________________PassageA_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________43PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流"Wehavecometotheconclusio"Arethereanyotherdifficultiesthatyouhavediscoveredinyourstudies?""Takealookatthisphoto.YouseethisdarkblackcloudoverthesurfaceofEarth?Wedon'tknowwhatitismadeof,butitcouldgiveusalotoftrouble;andweshallhavetomakefurthertestsbeforewesendaVenusianthere.""Overhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariver,butthesatellitefindingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.Thismeansweshallhavetocarryourownwater,whichwilladdevengreaterweighttothesaucer."___________________________________________________________________________PassageA___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________44PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流"ArethereanyotherdifficultPassageA"Sir,whatareallthosetinyblackspotsonthephotographs?""We'renotcertain.Theyseemtobemetalparticlesthatmovealongcertainpaths.Theygiveoffgases,makenoise,andkeepcrashingintoeachother.Therearesomanyofthesepathsandsomanymetalparticlesthattheyarequitelikelytogetsmashedwhenwelandaflyingsaucer.""Whatarethosepointedobjectsstickingup?”"Theyaretallbuildingsthatgiveofflightatnight.ProfessorGlomhasnamedthemskyscraperssincetheyseemtobescrapingtheskies."___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________45PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PassageA"Sir,whatareallthPassageAyousayistrue,won'tthissetbacktheflyingsaucerprogramseveralyears?""Yes,butweshallproceedassoonastheGrubstakegivesustheaddedfunds.”"Ifall"ProfessorZog,whyarewespendingbillionsandbillionsofVenusiandollarstolandaflyingsauceronEarthwhenthereisnolifethere?”"BecauseifweVenusianscanlearntobreatheintheEarth'satmosphere,thenwecansurelyliveanywhereintheuniverse."________________________________________________________________________46PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流PassageAyousayistrue,won'OrganizationofthetextPartI(Para.______)PartII(Para.______)1-23-14ThesatellitelandedonEarthhasbeensendingbacksignalsandphotographs.VenusianscientistshavecometotheconclusionthattheEarthisunfitforthemtolive.PassageA–IstherelifeonearthPartIII(Para._______)14-18TheVenusianscientistsaredeterminedtoproceedwiththeexplorationoftheplanetEarth.Structure47PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流OrganizationofthetextPartI…ithasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographseversince.(Line3,Para.1)之后，衛(wèi)星便不斷地發(fā)回信號和照片。自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）hasbeendoing是現(xiàn)在完成進行時，其構(gòu)成為：主語+助動詞（have/has）+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。表示動作從某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。（與since，for連用時，常常表示動作會進行下去）IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.PassageA–Istherelifeonearth48PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流…ithasbeensendingbacksigThesatellitewasdirectedoveranareaknownasManhattan—namedafterthegreatVenusianastronomerProfessorManhattan,whofirstdiscovereditwithhistelescope20,000lightyearsago.衛(wèi)星對準的是一片叫曼哈頓的地區(qū),這個地區(qū)是以金星上偉大的天文學(xué)家曼哈頓教授的名字來命名的。兩萬光年前，曼哈頓教授用望遠鏡首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個地區(qū)。directsth.at/towardsth.:機器將X光射線對準了病人的身體。ThemachinedirectsanX-raybeamatthepatient’sbody.把某物對準某物(Line1,Para.2)PassageA–Istherelifeonearth49PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Thesatellitewasdirectedovenamesb./sth.aftersb./sth.:他被冠以他爺爺?shù)拿制鹆嗣?。Hewasnamedafterhisgrandfather.以某人/某物的名字給某人/某物命名PassageA–Istherelifeonearthwhofirstdiscoveredit20,000lightyearsago是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的ProfessorManhattan。ThesatellitewasdirectedoveranareaknownasManhattan—namedafterthegreatVenusianastronomerProfessorManhattan,whofirstdiscovereditwithhistelescope20,000lightyearsago.(Line1,Para.2)50PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流namesb./sth.aftersb./sth.:他…VenusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastothepossibilityoflandingamannedflyingsauceronEarth.(Line6,Para.2)金星科學(xué)家們得以獲得了有關(guān)載人飛碟能否在地球上著陸的寶貴資料。關(guān)于哪些學(xué)生獲得獎學(xué)金的決定應(yīng)當(dāng)盡快做出。Decisionsastowhichstudentsreceivescholarshipshouldbemadequickly.concerning:關(guān)于對于這個短語是從哪來的，有兩種說法。Therearetwothoughtsastowherethissayingcamefrom.PassageA–Istherelifeonearthasto…:51PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流…Venusianscientistswereable年輕人擁有一套大房子的可能性通常是極其渺茫的。Thepossibilityofowningalargehouseforyoungpeopleisusuallyrare.做某事情的可能性PassageA–Istherelifeonearththepossibilityofdoingsth.:man:v.toworkat,use,oroperateasystem,pieceofequipment,etc.在（某系統(tǒng)、設(shè)備等上）工作；使用，操縱（某系統(tǒng)、設(shè)備等）。manned在這里是過去分詞作定語，修飾flyingsaucer?！璙enusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastothepossibilityoflandingamannedflyingsauceronEarth.(Line6,Para.2)52PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流年輕人擁有一套大房子的可能性通常是極其渺茫的。Thepos“Wehavecometotheconclusion,basedonthesatellitefindings,”ProfessorZogsaid.“ThereisnolifeonEarth.”(Line1,Para.3)“根據(jù)衛(wèi)星上的發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們已經(jīng)得出結(jié)論，”佐格教授說，“地球上沒有生命?！眀ebasedon/uponsth:我們的關(guān)系應(yīng)當(dāng)以尊重和信任為基礎(chǔ)。Ourrelationshipshouldbebasedonrespectandtrust.以某物為基礎(chǔ)。PassageA–Istherelifeonearth53PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流“WehavecometotheconclusioForonething,Earth'ssurfaceiscomposedofsolidconcreteandnothingcangrowthere.(Line1,Para.5)首先，地球表面由堅固的混凝土構(gòu)成，什么東西也無法在那里生長。foronething…foranother…:我不想買這棟房子。一方面太小，另一方面價格太高。Idon’twanttobuythishouse.Foronething,itistoosmall;foranother,thepriceofitistoohigh.一個原因是······，另一個原因是······PassageA–Istherelifeonearth54PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Foronething,Earth'ssurfaceForanother,theatmosphereisfilledwithcarbonmonoxideandotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreathethisairandsurvive.(Line2,Para.5)另外，大氣中充滿了一氧化碳和其他致命的氣體，任何人呼吸了這種空氣都不可能幸存下來。befilledwith:如果你嘴里滿是食物的話怎么唱歌？Howcanyousingifyourmouthisfilledwithfood?tobefullof被······充滿PassageA–Istherelifeonearth珍的眼睛里充滿淚水。Jane’seyeswerefilledwithtears.55PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Foranother,theatmosphereisWedon’tknowwhatitismadeof,butitcouldgiveusalotoftrouble.(Line2,Para.9)我們還不知道它是由什么形成的，但是它會給我們帶來許多麻煩。bemadeof:風(fēng)箏是紙做的。Thekiteismadeofpaper.PassageA–Istherelifeonearth由······制成。主語為制成品，用于從制成品可直接看出原材料的情況。易與之混用的一個詞組為bemadefrom，其意思也是“由······制成”，但是用在從制成品看不出原材料是什么的情況。e.g.Butterismadefrommilk（黃油是用牛奶制成的。）56PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Wedon’tknowwhatitismadeOverhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariver,butthesatellitefindingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.(Line1,Para.10)這邊，諸位可以看到像是一條河的東西，不過衛(wèi)星探測的結(jié)果表明它已被污染，不適于飲用。beunfittodosth.:不適合做某事這場病使她身體不適合飛行。Thediseasehaslefthermedicallyunfittofly.PassageA–Istherelifeonearth57PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流OverhereyouwillnoticewhatThismeansweshallhavetocarryourownwater,whichwilladdevengreaterweighttothesaucer.(Line4,Para.10)這意味著我們將不得不自己帶水，這就會給飛碟增加更多的重量。addsth.tosth.:toputsth.withanotherthing為某物增添某種東西我們可以將銷售稅攤到這些產(chǎn)品的價格上。Wecanaddsalestaxtothepriceoftheseproducts.PassageA–Istherelifeonearth58PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Thismeansweshallhavetocaeven:adv.usedforemphasizingthatalthoughsth.isbig,good,bad,etc.,sth.elseisbigger,better,worse,etc.更加；愈加。用來修飾形容詞比較級。昨天天氣就冷，今天更冷了。Itwascoldyesterday,butit’sevencoldertoday.PassageA–IstherelifeonearthThismeansweshallhavetocarryourownwater,whichwilladdevengreaterweighttothesaucer.(Line4,Para.10)59PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流even:adv.usedforemphasizinTherearesomanyofthesepathsandsomanymetalprticlesthattheyarequitelikelytogetsmashedwhenwelandaflyingsaucer.(Line3,Para.12)那里有很多這樣的通道，很多這樣的金屬微粒，飛碟在那里著陸的話，很可能把那些金屬微粒撞毀。在“getsmashed”這個短語中，get作始動性連系動詞，與多數(shù)都已形容詞化了的過去分詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示狀態(tài)的變化和動作的結(jié)果。別被雨淋到。Don’tgetcaughtintherain.PassageA–Istherelifeonearth60PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流TherearesomanyofthesepatWhatarethosepointedobjectsstickingup?(Line1,Para.13)那些筆直豎立的凸出物是什么？stick(sth.)in/up/through:把（某物）伸進/伸上/伸入當(dāng)護士將針頭扎向他的胳膊時，他把臉轉(zhuǎn)向了一邊。Helookedawayasthenursestucktheneedleinhisarm.常用詞組：stickto…堅持，不放棄

stickbysb…繼續(xù)支持并忠于某人stickonsth…把某物固定在······PassageA–Istherelifeonearth61PPT學(xué)習(xí)交流Whatareth