考研英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試卷1

點(diǎn)這里，看更多英語(yǔ)資料中公考研，讓考研變得簡(jiǎn)單！查看更多考研英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)資料考研英語(yǔ)怎么復(fù)習(xí)？在考研復(fù)習(xí)中，復(fù)習(xí)資料的選擇至關(guān)重要。中公考研輔導(dǎo)老師為考生整理了【考研英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和習(xí)題】，同時(shí)可以為大家提供名師考研英語(yǔ)視頻、考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)資料、考研英語(yǔ)真題和考研英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)等，助您沖擊名校！研究生入學(xué)考試基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試卷時(shí)間：150分鐘分?jǐn)?shù)：100分SectionIStructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(40points)1.Thecaptainapologized________totellusmoreabouttheaccident.[A]fortobeunable [B]thathewasunable[C]tobeunable [D]forbeingunable2.________wehaveallthematerialsready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.[A]Sincethat [B]Sincenow [C]Bynow [D]Nowthat3._______thefactthathisinitialexperimentshadfailed,Prof.Whitepersistedinhisresearch.[A]Becauseof [B]Asto [C]Inspiteof [D]Inviewof4.Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.[A]whichtobaseon [B]onwhichtobase [C]tobaseonwhich [D]whichtobebasedon5.TherewasaveryinterestingremarkinabookbyanEnglishmanthatIreadrecently________whathethoughtwasareasonforthisAmericancharacteristic.[A]giving [B]gave [C]togive [D]given6.Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything___goingonintheworld.[A]itis [B]asis [C]thereis [D]whatis7.Nowhereinnatureisaluminumfoundfree,owingtoitsalways________withotherelements,mostcommonlywithoxygen.[A]combined [B]havingcombined [C]combine [D]beingcombined8.Justasthevalueofatelephonenetworkincreaseswitheachnewphone________tothesystem,sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincreasewitheachprogramthatturnsout.[A]adding [B]added [C]toadd [D]tohaveadded9.________forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.[A]Haditnotbeen [B]Wereitnot [C]Beitnot [D]Shoulditnotbe10.________canbeseenfromthecomparisonofthesefigures,theprincipleinvolvestheactiveparticipationofthepatientinthemodificationofhiscondition.[A]As [B]What [C]That [D]It11.Californiahasmorelightthanitknows________todowithbuteverythingelseisexpensive.[A]how [B]what [C]which [D]where12.OnarainydayIwasdrivingnorththroughVermont________Inoticedayoungmanholdingupasignreading“Boston”.[A]which [B]where [C]when [D]that13.________tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.[A]Hardlyhadhebegun [B]Nosoonerhadhebegun[C]Notuntilhebegan [D]Scarcelydidhebegin14.JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit____inareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.[A]istobeanalyzed [B]hasbeenanalyzed[C]beanalyzed [D]shouldhavebeenanalyzed15.Humble____itmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,wherehemaygo.[A]although [B]as [C]how [D]which16.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely________totheoutsideworld.[A]beinglost [B]havinglost [C]losing [D]lost17.Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas________inashortperiodoftime.[A]beingcreated [B]havingbeencreated[C]tohavebeencreated [D]tobecreated18.Thestudentsexpectedthere________morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.[A]is [B]being [C]havebeen [D]tobe19.Prof.Wardhardlyeverwenttothetheater.[A]neitherthecinemanor [B]neitherthecinemaor [C]eitherthecinemaor [D]eitherthecinemanor20.Talktoanyoneinthedrugindustry,you’llsoondiscoverthatthescienceofgeneticsisthebiggestthingtohitdrugresearchsincepenicillinwasdiscovered.[A]and [B]so [C]for [D]or21.[A]takesup [B]takesin [C]takesover [D]takesaway22.Oldphotographsgiveoneabrief________ofthepast.[A]glance [B]glimpse [C]sight [D]look23.Theyhavealwaysbeenongood________withtheirnext-doorneighbors.[A]friendship [B]relations [C]connection [D]terms24.Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften________peopletowritepoems.[A]excited [B]inspired [C]induced [D]attracted25.Pleasedonotbe________byhisbadmannerssinceheismerelytryingtoattractattention.[A]disregarded [B]distorted [C]irritated [D]intervened26.Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe________conditionforexpansionofmind.[A]incompatible [B]incredible [C]indefinite [D]indispensable27.Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould______beabletowalk.[A]innotime [B]byallmeans [C]innoway [D]onanyaccount28.Thenewly-builtScience[A]spacious [B]sophisticated [C]substantial [D]steady29.People________thatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.[A]convinced [B]anticipated [C]resolved [D]assured30.Inspiteofthewiderangeofreadingmaterialspeciallywrittenor________forlanguagelearningpurposes,thereisyetnocomprehensivesystematicprogrammedforthereadingskills.[A]adapted [B]acknowledged [C]assembled [D]appointed31.Theirdemandforapayraisehasnottheslightest________ofbeingmet.[A]prediction [B]prospect [C]prosperity [D]permission32.ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th________thebirthofJesusChrist.[A]inaccordancewith [B]intermsof [C]infavorof [D]inhonorof33.Inthisfactorythemachinesarenotregulated________butarejointlycontrolledbyacentralcomputersystem.[A]independently [B]individually [C]irrespectively [D]irregularly34.Thereturnsintheshort________maybesmall,butoveranumberofyearstheinvestmentwillbewellrepaid.[A]interval [B]term [C]span [D]range35.Sheworkedhardathertaskbeforeshefeltsurethattheresultswould______herlongeffort.[A]justify [B]testify [C]rectify [D]verify36.Withouttelephoneitwouldbeimpossibletocarryonthefunctionsof________everybusinessoperationinthewholecountry.[A]practically [B]preferably [C]precisely [D]presumably37.Inwhat________toalastminutestayofexecution,acouncilannouncedthatemergencyfundingwouldkeepalivetwoagingsatellites.[A]applies [B]accounts [C]attaches [D]amounts38.Tom’smothertriedhardtopersuadehimto________fromhisintentiontoinvesthissavingsinstockmarket.[A]pullout [B]giveup [C]drawin [D]backdown39.Anincreasingproportionofourpopulation,unabletolivewithoutadvancedmedical________,willbecomeprogressivelymorereliantonexpensivetechnology.[A]interference [B]interruption [C]intervention [D]interaction40.Thecityisanimportantrailroad________andindustrialandconventioncenter.[A]conjunction [B]junction [C]network [D]linkSectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Researchers41brainsizeandmentalabilitysaytheirworkoffersevidencethateducation42themindfromthebrain’sphysicaldeterioration.Itisknownthatthebrainshrinks43thebodyages,buttheeffectsonmentalabilityare44frompersontoperson.Dr.EdwardCoffey,aprofessorofpsychiatryandofneurologyatHenryFordHealthSysteminDetroit,saidthe45suggeststhateducationallowspeopletowithstandmorebrain-tissuelossbeforetheirmentalfunctioningbeginsto46.Thestudyisthefirsttoprovidebiologicalevidencetosupporta47calledthe“reserve”hypothesis,accordingtotheresearchers.Inrecentyears,investigatorshavedevelopedtheideathatpeoplewhoaremore48havegreatercognitivereservestodrawuponasthebrainages;inessence,theyhave49braintissuetospare.“Everyonehassomedegreeofbrainshrinkage,”Coffeysaid.“People50(onaverage)2.5percentperdecadestartinginadulthood.”Thereis,51,a“remarkablerange”ofshrinkageamongpeoplewhoshownosignsofmentaldecline,Coffeynoted.Overallhealth,hesaid,accountsforsome52inbrainsize.Alcoholordruguse,aswellasmedicalconditions53Inthe54ofsuchmedicalconditions,Coffeysaid,educationlevelhelpsexplaintherangeofbrainshrinkageexhibitedamongthementally-fitelderly.Themore-educatedcan55greaterloss.Coffeyandcolleaguesgaugedshrinkageofthecortex56measuringthecerebrospinalfluidsurroundingthebrain.Thegreatertheamountoffluid,thegreaterthecorticalshrinkage.Controllingforthehealthfactorsthatcontributeto57injury,theresearchersfoundthateducationwasrelatedtotheseverityofbrainshrinkage.Foreachyearofeducationfromfirstgradeon,58hadanaverageof1.77millilitersmorecerebrospinalfluidaroundthebrain.ButCoffeysaidthathisteam’sfindingssuggestthat59thebody,thebrainbenefitsfromexercise.“Thequestionis60bycontinuingtoexercisethebrainwecanforestalltheeffectsof(brainshrinkage),”hesaid.“Myhunchisthatwecan.”41.[A]surveying [B]investigating [C]implementing [D]implanting42.[A]protects [B]prevents [C]provokes [D]protrudes43.[A]after [B]before [C]as [D]while44.[A]similar [B]identical [C]differential [D]different45.[A]finding [B]research [C]consequence [D]understanding46.[A]breakoff [B]breakup [C]breakaway [D]breakdown47.[A]concept [B]consultation [C]concern [D]concession48.[A]robust [B]reserved [C]educated [D]intelligent49.[A]much [B]few [C]more [D]less50.[A]maintain [B]lose [C]sustain [D]obtain51.[A]however [B]therefore [C]thus [D]but52.[A]similarities [B]familiarity [C]conditions [D]differences53.[A]asfor [B]suchas [C]asto [D]aswell54.[A]presence [B]light [C]charge [D]absence55.[A]experience [B]tolerate [C]withstand [D]restrain56.[A]in [B]for [C]by [D]with57.[A]body [B]brain [C]mind [D]intellect58.[A]investigators [B]subjects [C]objects [D]researchers59.[A]like [B]as [C]unlike [D]alike60.[A]why [B]that [C]if [D]whetherSectionIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingforetexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D]MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1(50points)TextOneSomepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencouragesinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthemurderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybyminornationalcontests.Onecountryreceiveditssecond-placemedalswithvisibleindignationafterthehockey(曲棍球)final.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthehockeymatch,thelosersobjectingtothefinaldecisions.Theywereconvincedthatoneoftheirgoalsshouldnothavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents’victorywasunfair.Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid:“Thiswasn’thockey.HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished.”ThepresidentoftheFederationsaidlaterthatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleastthreeyears.TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,afteradisputableendtotheircontest.Thegamehadendedindisturbance.ItwasthoughtatfirstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint,butitwasannouncedthattherewerethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthecourttotheother,andanotherplayerpoppeditintothebasket.ItwasthefirsttimetheUSAhadeverlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterforfourandahalfhoursbeforeannouncingthattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayersthenvotednottoreceivethesilvermedals.Incidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslongassportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestionthatathletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnon-nationalteams,mightbetoomuchtohopefor.ButinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicsthereisfartoomuchthatencouragesaggressivepatriotism.61. Accordingtotheauthor,recentOlympicGameshave________.[A]createdgoodwillbetweenthenations[B]bredonlyfalsenationalpride[C]barelyshowedanyinternationalfriendship[D]ledtomoreandmoremisunderstandingandhatred62. Whatdidthemanagermeanbysaying,“...HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished”?[A]Histeamwouldnolongertakepartininternationalgames.[B]HockeyandtheFederationarebothruinedbytheunfairdecisions.[C]ThereshouldbenomorehockeymatchesorganizedbytheFederation.[D]TheFederationshouldbedissolved.63. Thebasketballexampleimpliedthat________.[A]toomuchpatriotismwasdisplayedintheincident[B]theannouncementtoprolongthematchwaswrong[C]theappealjurywastoohesitantinmakingthedecision[D]theAmericanteamwasrightinrejectingthesilvermedals64. Theauthorgivesthetwoexamplesinparagraphs2and3toshow________.[A]howfalsenationalprideledtoundesirableincidentsininternationalgames[B]thatsportsmenhavebeenmoreobedientthantheyusedtobe[C]thatcompetitivenessinthegamesdiscouragesinternationalfriendship[D]thatunfairdecisionsarecommoninOlympicGames65. Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?[A]TheorganizationoftheOlympicGamesmustbeimproved.[B]AthletesshouldcompeteasindividualintheOlympicGames.[C]Sportshouldbeplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.[D]Internationalcontestsareliableformisunderstandingbetweennations.TextTwoOneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingabouttheroleofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe1950sand1960sontheschools.Inthe1920s,butespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930s,theUnitedStatesexperiencedadecliningbirthrate—everythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-fourgavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin1920,89.2in1930,75.8in1936,and80in1940.WiththegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthatfollowedit,youngpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselargerfamiliesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946,106.2in1950,and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemostimportantdeterminant,itisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalueplacedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthrates.Thebabyboomersbeganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostwarconditions,thesameconditionsmadetheschoolsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuiltbetween1940and1945.Moreover,duringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowed,largenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereintheeconomy.Therefore,inthe1950sand1960s,thebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinadequateschoolsystem.Consequently,the“custodialrhetoric”ofthe1930sandearly1940snolongermadesense;thatis,keepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen.Withthebabyboom,thefocusofeducatorsandoflaymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinofferingnontraditional,new,andextraservicestoolderyouths.66.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainfactorcontributedtothebabyboom?[A]Economicboom. [B]Publiceducation.[C]Familyvalue. [D]Earliermarriage.67.Accordingtothepassage，whydidteachersleavetheteachingprofessionaftertheoutbreakofthewar?[A]Theyneededtoberetrained. [B]Theyweredissatisfiedwiththecurriculum.[C]Otherjobsprovidedhighersalaries. [D]Teachingpositionswerescarce.68.The“custodialrhetoric”mentionedinthethirdparagraphrefersto____.[A]raisingafamily [B]maintainingdisciplineintheclassroom[C]runninganorderlyhousehold [D]keepingolderindividualsinschool69.Thelasttwoparagraphssuggestthat.[A]thebabyboomhadlittleinfluenceontheattentionofeducators[B]beforethebabyboom,basicacademicskillsanddisciplinedidnotinteresteducators[C]afterthebaby,theelderyouthsstillhadchancetogainnontraditional,new,andextraservices[D]theschoolsystemshifteditsattentionfromthelowergradestoolderyouths70.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?[A]Theteachingprofessionduringthebabyboom.[B]BirthratesintheUnitedStatesinthe1930sand1940s.[C]Theimpactofthebabyboomonpubliceducation.[D]Theroleofthefamilyinthe1950sand1960s.TextThreeTheAmericaneconomyisgrowing,accordingtothemostrecentstatistics,atthesizzlingrateofsevenpercent,andisinthemiddleofthelargestpeacetimeexpansioninAmericanhistory.Wereadinthenewspapersthatpracticallyeveryonewhowantsajobcangetone.MicrosoftisrunningadvertisementsintheNewYorkTimespracticallybeggingCongresstoissuemorevisasforforeigncomputerandinformationtechnologyworkers.Inthisenvironment,itisshockingthatonegroupofAmericans,peoplewithdisabilities,havesuchahighlevelofunemployment:30percentarenotemployed—thesamepercentageaswhentheAmericansWithDisabilitiesActbecamelaw.Notonlydidtheiremploymentandlaborearningsfallduringtherecessionoftheearly1990s,butemploymentandearningscontinuedtofallduringthelongeconomicexpansionthatfollowed.Manyofthesepeopleareskilledprofessionalswhoarehighlymarketableintoday’seconomy.Partoftheproblemisdiscrimination,andpartrecentcourtrulingsfavoringemployersinADAlawsuits.Discriminationagainstpeoplewithdisabilitiesis,unfortunately,aliveandwell,despitethelegalprohibitionsagainstdiscriminationinhiringpeoplewithdisabilities.Seventy-ninepercentofdisabledpeoplewhoareunemployedcitediscriminationintheworkplaceandlackoftransportationasmajorfactorsthatpreventthemfromworking;studieshavealsoshownthatpeoplewithdisabilitieswhofindjobsearnlessthantheirco-workers,andarelesslikelytobepromoted.Unfavorablecourtrulingshavenotbeenhelpful,either.ResearchbylawprofessorRuthColkerofOhioStateUniversityhasshownthatintheeightyearsaftertheADAwentintoeffect,employer-defendantsprevailedinmorethan93percentofthecasesdecidedbytrial.Ofthecasesappealed,employersprevailed84percentofthetime.RobertBurgdorf,Jr.,whohelpeddrafttheADA,haswritten,“l(fā)egalanalysishasproceededquiteawaydownthewrongroad.”DisabilityactivistsandotherlegalscholarspointoutthatCongressintendedtheADAasanationalmandatefortheendingofdiscriminationagainstpeoplewithdisabilities.Instead,whathasoccurred,inthewordsofonewriter,isthatthecourts“havenarrowedthescopeofthelaw,redefined‘disability,’raisedthepriceofaccesstojusticeandgenerallydeemeddisabilitydiscriminationasnotworthyofseriousremedy.”Butperhapsthegreatestsingleproblemisthefederalgovernmentitself,wherelawsandregulationsdesignedtohelpdisabledpeopleactuallyprovideaneconomicdisincentivetowork.AsSenEdwardKennedywrote,“thehighunemploymentrateamongpeoplereceivingfederaldisabilitybenefitsisnotbecausetheirfederalbenefitsprogramshave‘frontdoorsthataretoobig’-butbecausetheyhave‘backdoorsthataretoosmall’.”71.TheadvertisementmadebyMicrosoftshowsthat.[A]agreatnumberofjobshavebeencreatedintheUS[B]foreignworkersarefavoredoverdomesticworkers[C]workingvisaisveryhardtobeissuedtoforeignworkers[D]manydomesticworkerswilllosetheirjobstoforeigners72.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat.[A]mostpeoplewithdisabilitiesintheUSarenotemployed[B]thedisabledarenothiredduelargelytotheirinadequateskills[C]theearningsofthedisabledfluctuatewitheconomicsituation[D]legislationforthedisabledfailedtohelpthisgroupeffectively73.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacausetotheproblemsofthedisabled?[A]Notenoughhelpfromrelativesintheirtransportation.[B]Prevailingdiscriminationinworkplaceagainstthedisabled.[C]Theineffectivesystemofthefederalgovernment.[D]Thecourt’sgeneralfavorinemployersoverthedisabled.74.Whatunderliesthecourtsrulingsseemstobethat.[A]thecourtshavebeenbribedheavilybytherichemployers[B]thecourtsthinkthatthedisabledshouldnotgotowork[C]thecourtsunderestimatedi