高三英語高考《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列03《名詞性從句》全國通用

2010高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件.03《名詞性從句》.I．語序問題

1.Thephotographswillshowyou____.（MET89）

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

2.Heasked____

foraviolin．（MET92）

A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid

規(guī)律一：名詞性從句在句中要用陳述語序

.II．引導(dǎo)詞的選擇

1.____

wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____

wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,that

D.That,what2.Itworriedherabit

____herhairwasturninggrey.A．whileB．thatC．if

D．for.3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．A．whenB．howC．whetherD．why4．

madetheschoolproudwas

morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．What…because B．What…thatC．That…what D．That…because.規(guī)律二：1.從句是陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，不含有疑問意義。由that引導(dǎo)且that連詞在從句中不作成分2.從句是由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，含有疑問意義的。由whether，if引導(dǎo)3.從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，含有疑問意義的。由wh-連詞引導(dǎo)且wh-連詞在從句中作成分。連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。.找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.

Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.

規(guī)律三：whether和if的區(qū)別：.①whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時連接詞一般用whether。如：Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback..②后面直接跟ornot時用whether。如：Ididn’tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan..③主語從句和表語從句中只能用whether。如：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.Thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney..④whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用以說明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if不能。如：Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot..⑤whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動詞不定式連用但if不能。如：Thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.Ihavenotdecidedwhether

togoornot..⑥whether可引導(dǎo)一個讓步狀語從句表示“不管”、“無論”，而if不能，但可以引導(dǎo)一個條件狀語從句表示“如果”如：Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime.IfIhavetimetomorrow,I’llgotovisitTom..找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether規(guī)律四：主語從句和賓語從句在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下可以借助“it”而后置。.1.主語從句可以用it（作形式主語）來替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat…（B）Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonderthat....（C）Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat…（D）Itseems/happensthat…如：ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup..2.賓語從句可以用it（作形式賓語）來替換的句型為：主語＋謂語＋it＋Adj/N＋從句如：

Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting．.1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.A.anyone

B.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.____muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter

3.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild

____heorshewants.A.however

B.whateverC.whichever

D.whenever.Hewillbelievewhateverotherssay.（不能用nomatterwhat代替whatever）Whateverotherssay,hewillbelieveit.（可以用nomatterwhat代替whatever）規(guī)律四：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however等與nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow的區(qū)別:前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而nomatter加疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

.找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.

5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.

Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot…....規(guī)律五：注意虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運用！(1)虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。①“wish+賓語從句”表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是……就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/could+動詞原形”；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”.或“could(should)+have+過去分詞”。如：Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird..②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等動詞后的賓語從句中，從句謂語動詞用(should)+動詞原形或是動詞原形。如：Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedshe(should)beoperatedon..（2）虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“（should）+動詞原形”。如：Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars..（3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should+動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless..Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：Itispitythatyoucan’tswim..名詞從句與定語從句的主要區(qū)別.成分上的區(qū)別：

名詞性從句和定語從句分別在句中充當(dāng)什么樣的成分？1.

Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.主語賓語表語同位語.5.Ivisitedthecountry

which/thathadbeenbombedby

theUS-ledNATO(美國為首的北約)amonthbefore．6.Ishallneverforgettheyears

whenIlivedinthecountryside

withthefarmers,which

hasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter

5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.Ihadneverseensuchagoodfilm

asIwatchedlastnight.

.結(jié)論：名詞性從句充當(dāng)句子的主要成分（作主語，賓語，表語，同位語），且無先行詞，同位語除外。定語從句充當(dāng)句子的修飾成分（作定語），前面有先行詞.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞,可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,充當(dāng)句子的主語或賓語成分,在從句中作賓語時可以省略;that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時,起連詞的作用,沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分,一般不能省略。試比較下面兩個例句:Thesuggestion(that)heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.（that引導(dǎo)定語從句,作賓語,可以省略）

Thesuggestionthatthestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句）

Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省略）

Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?（that引導(dǎo)定語從句,作賓語,可以省略）

.引導(dǎo)詞的不同：不會出現(xiàn)在名詞從句中的關(guān)系詞：

不會出現(xiàn)在定語從句中的關(guān)系詞：as,且when,where等不能與in/on/atwhich互換。whether,if,what,how.名詞從句與定語從句的一些對應(yīng)系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.--Hehasdone________hecantohelpme.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.--________Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.

allthatAllthat

.3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.____________breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto__________needsitmost.5.We’llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.We’llremember______________weturnedtoforhelp.Anyonewhoanyonewhoanyone(whom).6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo____________hewantsthemtodo.7.I’llreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.I’llread____ofthe

books_____

yougiveme.anythingthatanythat.其余問題：1.誤：Idon'tknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.誤：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：Idon'tknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway..3.誤：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.誤：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight..名詞性從句試題集錦1.Iaskher_______comewithme.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.WhatB.That C.Which D.Whether.5.Togetthejobstarted,_______Ineedissomemoney.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_______fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.it'sD.that.3.Canyoutellme________?whoisthatgentleman B.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanis D.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein.7.Canyoutellme_______therailwaystation?A.howIcangetto B.whatcanIgetto C.whereIcangotto D.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_______?A.whatishisname B.howishisname C.whathisnameis D.howhisnameis9._______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.That B.What C.Which D.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall________.A.wherehehasgone B.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_________dotohelpus.A.whatcanthey B.whattheycan C.howtheycan D.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_______.A.whatourvillagelookslike B.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklike D.howourvillagelookslike.13.Canyoumakesure________thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput D.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure________inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklike D.whatlookmanlike15.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.If C.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.It's________youleftit.A.there B.where C.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggray.A.while B.that C.if D.for18._______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.What B.That C.Thefact D.Thematter.19.—Doyouremember________hecame?—Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.how B.when C.that D.if20._________wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what21.________we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever23.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_________youhadafewdaysoff?A.why B.when C.what D.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo________Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever.25.________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether26.Youcan'timagine________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited27.________causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._________Igotwetthrough.A.It'sthereason B.That'swhy C.There'swhy D.It'show.29.Itwasamatterof________wouldtaketheposition.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever30.________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.Who B.Theone C.Anyone D.Whoever31.Itwas_______hesaid_______disappointedme.A.what;that B.that;thatC.what;what D.that;what32.Eat________cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor________comesinlate.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever.再見..9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:51:05AM11、以我獨沈久，愧君相見頻。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行動出成果，工作出財富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點的射線向前。。2023/1/112023/1/11