英語四六級閱讀技巧

大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解部分

大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解閱讀的廣泛理解

知識的源泉，能力的根本

———利用閱讀打天下，無往不勝篇章閱讀

------尋找可能的技巧閱讀理解新四級考試的閱讀部分主要分為快速閱讀和深度（仔細(xì)）閱讀兩個部分。深度閱讀包括選詞填空與題意選擇兩種題型,閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)占全卷的35%.閱讀理解(40mins)35%快速閱讀15深度閱讀2525%篇章詞匯10%篇章閱讀15%10%篇章閱讀要求

選材來源命題來源NewScientistNewsweekTheNewYorkTimesTimeTheWashingtonPost大學(xué)英語四六級考試命題委員會篇章閱讀要求體裁方面議論文說明文新聞評述記敘文題材方面人文科學(xué)自然科學(xué)題材評述

梳理把握廣泛多樣的題材，是“知己知彼”的第一步。以下是近五年閱讀命題題材分布情況。文化教育2007.6學(xué)習(xí)寫作

2007.12遠(yuǎn)程教育

2009.12大學(xué)招聘美國高層管理人才原因科技環(huán)保2008.6全球變暖

2009.6環(huán)保時裝，一滴水一個世界

2010.6黑匣子的功能熱點新聞2007.6性別歧視題材評述

經(jīng)濟(jì)商貿(mào)2006.12瓶裝水的成功推廣

2008.12商店如何應(yīng)對顧客投訴生命健康2006.12健康新解

2008.12男性比女性更易得病社會生活2008.6保護(hù)隱私

2007.12子女教育

2009.12美國黑人女性形象

2010.6正面思維與負(fù)面思維

2010.12人們工作角色轉(zhuǎn)變的原因婚姻與長壽識別文體說明文（最常見）第一句通常為主題句結(jié)構(gòu)：提出問題—分析問題—解決問題格式：比較，對照，分類，列舉。。。Tip.抓住文章主題，同時把握個層次的要點。議論文論點---論據(jù)Tips.抓住論點，論據(jù)，明確作者論證方法是歸納還是演繹抓住表示因果because,asaresult,therefore，遞進(jìn)moreover,inaddition，轉(zhuǎn)折but,however等的信號詞注意作者使用的表達(dá)贊同反對等感情色彩的形容詞，副詞或句型。詞匯要求1.題干中的關(guān)鍵詞有50%能在原文中找到，還有一小部分是同義詞替換。（定位原文）08.165refinethestory---correctthestory2.定位原文后，不一定能直接找到答案，很多時候是同義替換A．背高頻詞匯（復(fù)用單詞一詞多義一詞多性）B。加強(qiáng)同義替換意識同義替換的重要性:1.找出答案位置需要同義替換意識2.得出正確答案需要同義替換意識Example:ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworth…Q.itseemsthatthecontroversyoverthevaluesofMBAdegreeshasbeenfueledby__________.Controversy---debatefueled---inspired2.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged_______.原文：…,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategy.Answer:togiveuptheirformerwayoflife攻克長難句常常涉及考點，所以不能跳過略過。會影響我們整體閱讀的流暢性突破長難句：四級閱讀中的很多句子都比較長，很多句子都在20個單詞以上，它們不時的出沒于四級閱讀中，構(gòu)成了一個個obstacle。其中，1995年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試閱讀理解的第三篇文章的第三句話長達(dá)80個詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜程度不亞于GRE閱讀，現(xiàn)展示如下：

Inthepastourownblocksofflatshavebeenassociatedwiththelower-incomegroupsandtheyhavelackedtheobviousprovisions,

suchascentralheating,constanthotwatersupply,electricallyoperatedliftsfromtoptobottom,andsoon,aswellas

suchdetails，importantnotwithstanding(然而),aseasyfacilitiesfordisposalofdustandrubbishandstorageplacesforbabycarriagesonthegroundfloor,playgroundsforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings,anddryinggroundsforwashing.長難句從真題一篇閱讀理解的首句也可以看出四級閱讀中部分句子的結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜程度。

Abreakthrough(突破)﹝intheprovisionofenergyfromthesunfortheEuropeanEconomicCommunity(EEC歐共體)﹞couldbebroughtforward﹝byuptotwodecades,ifamodestincreasecouldbeprovidedintheEEC’sresearcheffortinthisfield,accordingtoseniorEECscientistsengagedinexperimentsinsolarenergyatEEC’sscientificlaboratoriesatIspra,nearMilan.﹞長難句實用的原則：修飾成分全找出來之后，用括號把每個修飾成分括起來，留在括號外面的就是主干．然后，按照一般順序，謂語在前，賓語（或表語）在后，這樣我們就有了主謂賓（或主系表）的主干結(jié)構(gòu)了．最后把修飾成分按對應(yīng)的位置加上去，整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)就把握住了。長難句常涉及的類型1.雙重否定句負(fù)負(fù)得正，把兩個表示否定的結(jié)構(gòu)都去掉。No,not,hardly,seldom,neverlittle,few,small應(yīng)注意的詞根詞綴de-/dis-/un-/in-Thereareprobablynoquestions(that)wecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Answer:Mancanfindsolutionssoonerorlatertowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup.長難句常涉及的類型

2.分詞做狀語類（主干，現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞）Eg.1MotivatedinpartbyChristiancompassionforthehelplessaswellasapracticalpoliticalimpulsetoundercutthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement,ChancellorBismarckcreatedtheworld’sfirstworkers’compensationlawin1884.Motivatedby-------Chancellor（總理大臣）BismarkQ:Theworld’sfirstcompensationlawwasintroducedbyBismark______________Answer:outofreligiousandpoliticalconsiderations.解決方法：理清主動和被動關(guān)系。一般來說現(xiàn)在分詞與主語之間是主動關(guān)系；而過去分詞與主語之間是被動關(guān)系。

長難句常涉及的類型3.定語從句類規(guī)律：找真正的謂語動詞時，如果定語從句修飾主語，找第二個可以做謂語的動詞，第一個是屬于定語從句的謂語動詞。Tips.先括出定語從句部分，跳出從句，抓住主干再解題。長難句常涉及的類型4.倒裝句類類型1）only/notonly/nor/neither在句首2）介詞短語在句首較難Example:Alongwiththemgoessocialmobility,ambitiontoriseintheurbanworld,amainfactorinbringingdownthebirthsinEuropeinthe19thcentury.找主語alongwith----prepthem---objectiveformso,socialmobility后面兩個同位語Tips:分析詞性找出謂語與主語，將主語調(diào)至謂語之前再理解文章。長難句涉及的類型

5.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis…that應(yīng)對方法：多訓(xùn)練，熟悉句式，把讀到過的四級文章中的所有的看不懂的長難句全部總結(jié)起來，摘抄到一個本子上面，翻譯。當(dāng)翻譯到100句的時候，會發(fā)現(xiàn)長難句不過那么五六種。當(dāng)看到101句的時候，你會馬上給它歸類。篇章閱讀方法整體閱讀法（先看文章后做題）優(yōu)點：全局感或整體感缺點：記不住細(xì)節(jié)，找答案費時間查找閱讀法（適合段落較多文章）讀完第一段做第一題，做完第一題讀第二題，帶著問題去讀第二段優(yōu)點：符合題文同序的出題原則缺點：不適合主旨題和全文態(tài)度題兩者結(jié)合：1.略讀全文，把握文章大意2m(將注意力放在文章的主題句、關(guān)鍵詞等部分。其余內(nèi)容如具體論述、細(xì)節(jié)、數(shù)字等則可以跳過不讀。)2.根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞定位原文3.以原文為依據(jù)，進(jìn)行同義替換、判斷推理。2+4+4略讀文章讀題干（選項）做題

命題考點及規(guī)律

1、列舉處?？剂信e處指的是First,…，second,…，Third,…等逐步列出，然后要求考生從列舉出的內(nèi)容中，選出符合題干要求的答案項。該考點常出題型是"細(xì)節(jié)事實題"。

命題考點及規(guī)律2.強(qiáng)調(diào)處、絕對處、最高處theonly…only在句首做狀語Itis…that…mustall,anyone,never,most,sole,just,simply,unique08.666612010.658best2010.661only命題考點及規(guī)律

3、舉例子打比喻的地方?？紴榱耸棺约旱挠^點更有說服力、更加明確，作者經(jīng)常用具體的例子打比方，句中常由as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,asanillustration,thatis,tonameafew,asfollows等引導(dǎo)的短語或句子作為舉例句，這些例句或比喻成為命題者提問的焦點?？忌枳⒁獾氖抢踊虮扔饕话闶呛臀恼禄蚨温渲行木o密相關(guān)的，常以“細(xì)節(jié)事實性”題型和“推斷性”題型出現(xiàn)，但偏傾于“推斷性”題型。關(guān)注其前或后總結(jié)性的句子.答案基本符合“中心思想即是答案的解題思路”命題考點及規(guī)律

4.特殊標(biāo)點處破折號，冒號，引號等作者為了正確表達(dá)出自己觀點或使論點更有依據(jù)，常常引用某名人的論斷或重要發(fā)現(xiàn)等。命題者常在此作文章。多以“推理性”題為主，有時也出“細(xì)節(jié)事實性”題型。例．"Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrewupandleavehomewhenthey're18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,"sayssociologistLarryBumpersoftheUniversityofWisconsin….Q:TherewasapparentlyatrendintheUSA________命題考點及規(guī)律

5、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強(qiáng)對比處?？?/p>

however,nevertheless,incontrast,otherwise,ontheotherhand,bycomparison,but,yet,while,although,whereas,evenif,likewise,similarly,inthesameway,inthesamemanner,asif,as2010.659命題考點及規(guī)律

6.主題句處段首段尾處主旨題、態(tài)度題較多7.因果關(guān)系處信號詞forthisreason,for,as,because,since,asaresultof,owingto,thanksto,dueto,asaresult,therefore,consequently,thus,accordingly,so命題考點及規(guī)律8.定義結(jié)論處Inmyopinion,myviewis,asIsee,conclude通?？疾槲恼碌闹行挠^點或引用的觀點9.數(shù)字年代處關(guān)注數(shù)字、年份常出現(xiàn)于細(xì)節(jié)題命題考點及規(guī)律

10.復(fù)雜句?？紡?fù)雜句常是命題者出題之處，包括同位語、插入語、定語、長句后半句，從句、不定式、副詞等，命題者主要考查考生對句子之間指代關(guān)系。一般來說，備選項的長度不會超過15個單詞，這就意味著長難句中的大部分信息只是起干擾作用。要找到真正與答題相關(guān)的信息，關(guān)鍵在于根據(jù)題干信息在長難句的內(nèi)部進(jìn)行定位，然后從備選項中找出意思一致的答案。ExampleButmyownworryislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemofelementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading…………..32.Theauthor’sbiggestconcernis____.Concern-worrybiggest—less…thanD.thereadingabilityandreadingbehaviorofthemiddleclass.↓

↓

skill

actofreading正確答案特征(一)答案項中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是正確答案項

這些語氣詞有：must,always,never,themost,all,only,haveto,any,no,very,completely,none,hardly等。例(1)Oneofthegreatchangesbroughtaboutbytheknowledgesocietyisthat_____A.thedifferencebetweentheemployeeandtheemployerhasbecomeinsignificant.B.people'straditionalconceptsaboutworknolongerholdtrue.C.mostpeoplehavetotakepart-timejobs.D.peoplehavetochangetheirjobsfromtimetotime.(分析：四個選項中，C、D兩項中都含有"haveto"，語氣太絕對化，一般被排除?？忌谑Ｏ聝身椫羞M(jìn)行選擇，就大大降低了難度。)正確答案特征（二）選項中含有不十分肯定的語氣詞一般是正確答案項。這些語氣詞有：can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多數(shù))，moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarily等。

例（1）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieves_______A．AmericansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountriesB.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatusC.AmericanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountriesD.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica(分析：選項B中often一詞，語氣委婉，不十分肯定，故為答案。而其它三項中所表達(dá)出的語氣都明顯絕對化。)

正確答案特征（三）選項中照抄原文的一般不是答案項，而同義替換的一般是選項。例（1）AccordingtoDr.David,Americans______A．a(chǎn)reideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflifeB.oftenneglecttheconsequencesofsleepdeficitC.donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperlyD.cangetby(應(yīng)對)on6.5hoursofsleep(分析：答案項中A、D兩項基本上是原文中句子的原現(xiàn)，故被排除。B項中有often一詞，語氣委婉，不十肯定，故為答案。)

正確答案特征（四）較全面、有針對性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的，選項一般是答案項。例（1）whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A．Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.B.Musiccan'tbepassedontofuturegenerationsunlessit'srecorded.C.Folksongscan'tbespreadunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheet.D.thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.(分析：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以看出，A、B、C三項的內(nèi)容都只是從某一個方面闡述了一種觀點，而D項句子所表達(dá)的意思就較全面，高度囊括了全篇短文的主旨。)

正確答案特征（五）選項中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的（字面意思）一般不是答案項，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項。Eg.FromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployeeshiphelpsoneA．tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareerB.tosolvetechnicalproblemsC.tobemorespecializedinhisfieldD.todevelophisprofessionalskill（分析：題意是"從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有助于人們...。"B"解決技術(shù)問題"；C"深化專業(yè)"；D項"發(fā)展職業(yè)技能"。這三項表達(dá)的意思都比較具體，而A項則概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三項內(nèi)容。）

正確答案特征（六）選項中較符合常識的,易明白的一般不是選項；而似乎不太合理，一時較難理解的往往是正確選項。

例（2）Raisingchildren,intheauthor'sopinion,is_____.A．a(chǎn)moraldutyB.athanklessjobC.arewardingtaskD.asourceofinevitablepain

（分析：題目問的是，“依作者觀點，撫養(yǎng)孩子是”。依據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏勊?，撫養(yǎng)孩子就是A.“一種道德責(zé)任”B.“不求回報的工作”。我們都覺得撫養(yǎng)孩子是人生義務(wù)，是天經(jīng)地義的。這兩項太熟悉了，因而一般不是答案。而C項“有回報的任務(wù)"，似乎不太合人情味、合乎常識。但這樣的選項就是答案。D項有inevitable一詞，語氣太絕對化，故排除掉。）

正確答案特征（總結(jié)）1.經(jīng)常與中心有關(guān)2.位置：和復(fù)雜句，長難句，轉(zhuǎn)折句有關(guān)，或是段首句、段尾句09.1586208.6576508.6636408.158613.原則：同義替換正話反說反話正說09.1626608.6654.語氣：不肯定語氣詞委婉表達(dá)用詞Maymightpossiblenotnecessarily5.具有概括性和深刻性08.1622010.6Passage.2Samplepassage09.1

Ifyouareamaleandyou’rereadingthis,congratulations:youaresurvivor.Accordingtostatistics,you’remorethantwiceslikelytodieofskincancerthanawoman,andninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyounaturalterm,about78yearsformeninAustralia,you’lldieonaveragefivesyearsbeforeawoman.Samplepassage09.1

There’remanyreasonsforthis---typically,mentakemorerisksthanwomenandasmorelikelytodrinkandsmoke---butperhapsmoreimportantly,mendon’tgotothedoctor.“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta.“thisisparticularlysofortheover-40s,whendiseasestendtostrike.”

Gullottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.Forthoseover45,itshouldbeatleastonceayear.Samplepassage09.1

TwomonthsagoGullottasawa50-year-oldmanwhohaddelayeddoinganythingabouthissmoker’scoughforayear.“WhenIfinallysayhimithadalreadyspreadandhehassincediedforlungcancer,”hesays.”Earlierdetectionandtreatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitwouldhaveprolonged(延長)hislife.”Samplepassage09.1

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%womenagedbetween15andearly40sseeadoctoronceayear,comparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.“Alotofmethinkthey’reinvincible(不可戰(zhàn)勝的)”。Gullottasays.“Theyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythink,‘Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim…’”Samplepassage09.1

Thenthere’stheostrichapproach.”Somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysDr.RossCartmill.“mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodies,”Carmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.Samplepassage09.1

Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,Carmillsays.“Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthedisease.Besides,theultimatecostisfargreater:it’scalledprematuredeath.”Samplepassage09.1

57.whydoestheauthorcongratulatehismalereadersatthebeginningofthispassage?Theyaremorelikelytosurviveseriousdiseasetoday.Theyaveragelifespanhasbeenconsiderablyextended.TheyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticleTheyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlife.58.whatdoestheauthorstateisthemostimportantreasonmendiefiveyearsearlieronaveragethanwomen?A.Mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethanwomen.B.Mendon’tseekmedicalcareasoftenaswomenC.Men

are’tascautiousaswomeninfaceofdanger.D.Menaremorelikelytosufferfataldiseases.59.Whichofthefollowingbestcompletesthesentence”Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim,…”(Line2,para.8)Itcouldhappentome,too.IshouldavoidplayinggolfIshouldconsidermyselfluckyItwouldbeabigmisfortune.60.WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanby“theostrichapproach”(Line1,para.9)Acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditionsAnewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblemsRefusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolved.Unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear.61.WhatdoseCartmillsayaboutregularcheck-upsformen?Theymayincreaspublicexpenses.TheywillsavemoneyinthelongrunTheymaycausepsychologicalstrainsonmenTheywillenablementoliveaslongaswomen篇章閱讀要求題型介紹事實細(xì)節(jié)題推理判斷題語義理解題主旨大意題觀點態(tài)度題事實細(xì)節(jié)題通常從一個句子中找到答案

提問方式：靈活多樣，涉及短文的各種細(xì)節(jié)，如時間

地點原因結(jié)果方式等理解要點：

具體信息和概念性含義解題步驟：

定位分析和選項分析事實細(xì)節(jié)題步驟：1.準(zhǔn)確定位

1）關(guān)鍵詞---A。專有名詞（人名，地名）B。比較明顯的描述性詞匯C。副詞、形容詞，尤其一些程度詞，比較詞。D.特殊印刷字體及其同義替換Eg.1Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager__________.原文：Afewcommonmisconceptions.Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassets…don’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer…..（makeeverydaycount）Eg.2Theauthorendsthepassagewiththeimplicationthat______.Starts.Why---middle(putforwardquestion---analyze---solve)solution—end2)順序定位

例：36.。。。。theyears1976---197837.WhatinfluencesthebirthratemostintheUnitedStatesis…(theUS整個選材依據(jù)，不能作為關(guān)鍵詞).38.Thesentence“”(Line4,Para2)

事實細(xì)節(jié)題2.選項分析同義替換（很少原文照搬）B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification.

排除干擾項

----聯(lián)系主題事實細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項特征：

1）偷梁換柱越像的越不對十個單詞有九個與原文一致，只有一個不一樣。

2）他處細(xì)節(jié)Theideaof“improvementfactor”(para.3line8)impliesroughly:A.wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthofservice(P.3,L.7)B.(P.3,L.8)C.(P.3,L2)D.(P.2,L6)距離遠(yuǎn)的免談。A,C.D細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c舉例、列舉處。關(guān)鍵詞：forexample,suchas,firstly,ontheotherhand,inaddition…notonly…butalso

例證題example看不懂沒關(guān)系，收索例證周圍區(qū)域，10%向下，90%向上

Eg.

Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonce…Onething,however,iscertain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon’tatleastaskforit.Mentendtoaskformore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithotherresources,notjustpayincrease.ConsiderBeth’sstory:

IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhenIdidn’taskforit….58.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth’sstory?A.Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskforitl

細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c

特殊標(biāo)點處如引號、冒號、破折號

08.164

2007.1622006.6652006.16207.1原文Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuringdiseasetopreventingdisease---especiallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthybehavior,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise….62.Todaymedicalcareisplacingmorestresson____.A.keepingpeopleinahealthyphysicalconditionB.Monitoringpatients’bodyfunctionsC.Removingpeople’sbadlivinghabits.D.Ensuringpeople’spsychologicalwell-being.

細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c

指代關(guān)系關(guān)鍵詞如：it,thatthesethosethey08.157例：08.1原文

Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning.Andamongthelargerschools,it’scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven’theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,statisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestuniversityinthecountry.57.WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenix?A.Allitscoursesareofferedonline.B.Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.C.Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsoncampus.D.Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.事實細(xì)節(jié)題轉(zhuǎn)折、對比之后的觀點。關(guān)鍵詞：but,however,rather,yet,instead09.158,616263….2010.60，62。。。08.6原文…whenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacymostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit…Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother,OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicdevices.Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.強(qiáng)調(diào)處only…08.66608.159比較處more…than…less….than…most07.660事實細(xì)節(jié)題強(qiáng)調(diào)處only…08.66608.159(primarily)例08.6原文Butprivacydoesmatter—atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth;whenyouhaveit,youdon’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat____.Peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit.Itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood.It’ssomethingthatcaneasilybelost.Peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseit.事實細(xì)節(jié)題比較處more…than…less….than…most07.66009.161原文：(10.12)Eveniftheoddsarestackedagainstyou(一切對你不利),marriagecanmorethancompensate.LindaWaitehasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Q.LindaWaite’sstudiessupporttheideathat___.C.marriagecanhelpmakeupforillhealth.事實細(xì)節(jié)題事實細(xì)節(jié)題關(guān)鍵詞：同義替換對四級細(xì)節(jié)題的總結(jié)：

1、答案不跨段。

2、90%根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位。10%利用題目的順序。

3、考點不重復(fù)。推理判斷題這類題不會直接出現(xiàn)在文中，需根據(jù)字里行間的含義通過邏輯推理來判斷

判斷方式判斷內(nèi)容

1上下文的連貫1原因結(jié)果觀點立場

2有關(guān)部分暗示2數(shù)字知道邏輯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題：1whatconclusioncanbedrawnforthepassage？2Fromthepassagewecanconclude------3Wecaninferfromthepassage------4Thepassageseemstoindicatethat------5whichofthefollowingistruefromthepassage----推理判斷題

tips:1.1）通過題干返回原文

2）根據(jù)選項返回原文(題干中無具體的關(guān)鍵詞)2.一般要圍繞文中的一兩個重點進(jìn)行推理，如文章主題，段落主題。根據(jù)原文意思進(jìn)行判斷。若有一選項與原文意思一模一樣，必定是正確答案。（意思而不是表達(dá)方式一模一樣。表達(dá)方式通常是同義詞替換）3。不要想得太多，推得過遠(yuǎn)，關(guān)鍵是理解原文。推理的兩點總結(jié)：

conclude—1、如果該詞在第一題，通?？嘉恼轮黝}。2、如果該詞在中間題，通?？贾虚g段落的主題。3、如果該詞在第五題，通?？嘉恼轮黝}或者最后一段的主題。

infer—1、如果用該詞提問的題目，題干的信息比較多，比較具體，則利用細(xì)節(jié)題的方法來解。2、如果題干的信息不多，不具體，則利用文章主題或段落主題找答案。例06.1原文Ina2001studyof158hospitalnurses,thosewhofacedconsiderableworkdemandsbutcopedwiththechallengeweremorelikelytosaytheywereingoodhealththanthosewhofelttheycouldn’tgetthejobdone.59.Wecanconcludefromthestudyofthe158nursesin2001that_____.Peoplewhocan’tgettheirjobdoneexperiencemorestressDoingchallengingworkmaybegoodforone’shealth.Stresswillweakenthebody’sdefenseagainstgerms.Peopleunderstresstendtohaveapoormemory.06.661Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.66.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?2010.1266.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastpara?推理判斷題本質(zhì)都是細(xì)節(jié)題拋開自己主觀判斷，自己就是一張白紙，任由作者在自己身上開始寫。所有一切按文章走。一個細(xì)節(jié)題對應(yīng)一句話。一個推理題對應(yīng)的可能是一句話，也可能是一個段落，甚至一篇文章。圍繞文章主題或段落主題進(jìn)行推理。06.661Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.66.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?08.162Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?07.6666307.15706.1656609.16310.666語義理解題語義理解題就是對生詞、句子或短語進(jìn)行提問，需要考生推斷考點的近義含義或引申含義。提問方式：1“---”isusedinthepassagetoreferto“---”2Theword“---”mostprobablymeans____.3accordingtotheauthor,“---”mostprobablymeans_____.語義理解題

Thenthereistheostrichapproach,”somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysDr.RossCartmill.60WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanby“theostrichapproach”(lineqpara.9)A.acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditionsB.anewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblemsC.refusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolvedD.unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear語意理解題命題點1.考察生僻詞：結(jié)合文章整體分析，與主題保持邏輯上一致的就是答案2.考查常用詞。選項中常見、常用意思往往不是答案3.考查代詞：緊密跟蹤上下文，順藤摸瓜解題依據(jù)：上下文意義；并列邏輯與轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯體現(xiàn)出來的同義關(guān)系或反義關(guān)系；篇章中對詞的定義闡釋；構(gòu)詞法語意理解題Eg.(2010.12)原文：Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworld,thereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.57.By“aone–waystreet”,theauthormeans____.B.fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinanindustry.58.Theword“deterrent”mostprobablyreferstosomethingthat_____.A.bringssomeoneafinancialburdenB.helpstomovethetrafficC.keepssomeonefromtakingactionD.attractspeople’sattention.雖為語意題，但仍需結(jié)合上下文細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行判斷。語意理解題

07.657.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(line.4.Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans____.

原文：

whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterho