初中英語音標(biāo)教學(xué)

TheFirstLessonI’mhappy,luckytohelpyoulearnthemostinterestingsubject-----EnglishWelcometoourschoolTolearnEnglishwell,youmustlearn1.Internationalphoneticsymbols(音標(biāo))2.Wordsandexpressions3.Sentencepatterns4.GrammarrulesWhatamIgoingtodoforyou?Togiveyousomedirections,helpyoulearn,checkyourschoolwork.Whatareyougoingtodoinandafterclass?Tobeactive(inclassactivities).

Tobebrave(tospeak,askandanswer).

Tobecareful(withyourwork).ShallwehavesomeclassrulesinourEnglishlessons?Don’tbelateforschoolorclass.Noeatingordrinkinginclass.Nosleepinginclass.Notalkingwhensomeoneisspeaking.Nolaughingwhensomeonemakesamistake.6.Nofightinginclass.7.Handinyourhomeworkontime……*Beontime.Bequietwhentheteachercomes.*Takeyourtextbook,anotebook,(awritingpad)ablackpenandaredpen.*Listencarefullyinclass.*Alwaysputupyourhandbeforeyouwanttosaysomething.RememberTheAlphabet英語語音專題International

Phoneticsymbols（國(guó)際音標(biāo)）Whatarephoneticsymbols?thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage?語音最小單位是音素。語言的語音都是由四十八個(gè)不同的音素相互組合而成的。Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonants單元音雙元音清輔音.濁輔音.[i:][i][e][?][?:][?][?][α:][?:][?][u:][u][ei][?u][ai][au][?i][i?][??][u?][p][t][k][f][s][?][?][?][tr][?][h][b][d][g][v][z][e][?][d?][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][?][w][j]短元音[i]–i,e,y,ey…is,English,busy,moneyHislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle.[?]–o,a

shop,sorry,watch,whathelittlepotissohot.[u]–oo

football,wood,classroom,book

Lookatthecookbook.It’sreallygood.[?]–er,a,e

clever,ruler,panda,openThefarmer’ssisterisadoctor.短元音[Λ]–o,u

love,colour,us,duckCometothefrontonthedouble.[e]

–e,ea,ai…

red,then,head,againGood,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.[

?]–a

hat,bag,can,appleCat,cat!Catchthatblackrat![ei]–a,ai,ay,ea,eiRain,raingoaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.[ai]–i,yOutofsight,outofmind.[?i]—oy,oiSoybeanoilismychoice.[?u]–o,oa,ow,Goandopenthewindow,Joe,andshowmethephoto.[au]–ou,owIfoundamouseinthehouse.game,rain,play,greatfive,idea,try,goodbyeboy,toy,point,oilold,hello,coat,showabout,round,down,town雙元音[i?]–ear,eer,eaWeareneartheendoftheyear.[??]–ere,air,are,eirWherethereisawill,thereisaway.[u?]–ure,ourIt’ssuretobegoodforthetourists.Poortour!hear,year,deer,reallythere,chair,careful,theirsure,tour,poor,February元音vowels(20個(gè))1.前元音

[i:]–e,ee,ea,ie,ei,eo…A:Teaorcoffee?B:TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme,please.[i]–i,e,y,ey…Hislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle.[e]–e,ea,ai…Good,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.[?]–aCat,cat!Catchthatblackrat!

hesee,read,piece,

ceiling,

peopleis,English,busy,moneyred,then,head,againhat,bag,can,appleCompareit--eat2.live—leave3.fill—feel4.seat—sit5.tree—trip6.bit—bee7.sheep—ship8.deed—did9.live—leave10.feed—fit11.pea—pit12.rid—read13.street—strict14.sleep—slipComparebet--bat

2.pat—pet3.bag—beg4.sat—set5.neck--lack6.sad—said7.bad—bed8.dad—dead9.lad—led10.fad—fed[?]–er,a,eThefarmer’ssisterisadoctor.[?:]–ir,urorTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst.[Λ]–o,uCometothefrontonthedouble.clever,ruler,panda,opengirl,shirt,purple,worklove,colour,us,duck中元音earth nurse skirtlearnherwordReadthewordsear(不單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)時(shí))urireror[:]Phrases[?:]AdirtyskirthurtabirdLearntoworkworseandworseReadthewordsagoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpolicemanaeeroour在非重讀音節(jié)中[?]

[]PhrasesSoonerorlaterAutumnandAugustWorkerandfarmeraboutthepictureoftheteacher

[a:]–ar,a…It’sfartothefarmfromthepark.[?

]–o,aThelittlepotissohot.[?:]—or,a,au,arMydaughterwho’sforty-fourisalawyer.[u]–ooLookatthecookbook.It’sreallygood.[u:]–oo,u,ou,oe…Howdoyoudo?Youlookreallycool.shop,sorry,watch,whatmorning,call,autumn,warmfootball,wood,classroom,booksoon,ruler,soup,shoehalf,class,park,hard后元音Compare[Λ][a:]cut--cart2.luck—lark3.duck—dark4.tough—task5.mud—mark6.bus—bath7.far—fun8.shut—sharkCompare[][]pot--port2.lot—lord3.not—north4.fox—forks5.shot—short6.wok—walk7.spot—sport8.cock—caughtCompare[][?]

walk—workshort—shirtwarm—worddoor---dirtsore---sircause---curd_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i:][i][e][?][a:][?:][?][u:]

[u]Λ

[]

[?:][?]單元音vowels(12個(gè))雙元音[ei]–a,ai,ay,ea,eiRain,raingoaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.[ai]–i,yOutofsight,outofmind.[?i]—oy,oiSoybeanoilismychoice.[?u]–o,oa,ow,Goandopenthewindow,Joe,andshowmethephoto.[au]–ou,owIfoundamouseinthehouse.game,rain,play,greatfive,idea,try,goodbyeboy,toy,point,oilold,hello,coat,showabout,round,down,townfacesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamousReadthewordsIlifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehighPhrases[ei]hatetobelatesaveherfaceneverwastemetthefirstlady[ai]PhrasestheblueskyinthecountrysidethebitingwindOutofsight,outofmind[ai]

寫法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1[→2[ai→3

[ai]roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokego

homehopeReadthewordshowaboutshoutcow

loudmousegroundhourcrownmouthPhrases[?u]

GoldCoastmakeatoastbeallbonesthelocallanguagePhrases[au]

goforanoutingbetweenourselvesreadaloudoutofdate[au]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________寫法

1[→2[au

→3

[au]LearnthephrasestoilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoymentReadthewords

Boysandgirls,pleasepayattentionto“oy”!boytoyjoy

soyannoyingemployReadthewordsNowpleasepayattentionto“oi”!

oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise

[i?]–ear,eer,eaWeareneartheendoftheyear.[è?]–ere,air,are,eirWherethereisawill,thereisaway.[u?]–ure,ourIt’ssuretobegoodforthetourists.Poortour!hear,year,deer,reallythere,chair,careful,theirsure,tour,poor,February

[??]寫法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1[→2[??

→3

[??]Readthewords[i?]eardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer

[è?]pearwearwhere

darecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair

Readthephrases[i?]

comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtearsLearnthephrases

shareyourbananawithmonkeyeatalotofpearsararemetalrunbarefootatthetradefairReadthewords[u?]

sureunsurebrochurepoormoortourTongueTwister

Suresuresure,Poorpoorpoor,I’msureyouknowI’mpoor,SoIcan’tgotomakeatour._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i?][??][u?]

[ei][ai][?u][au]

[?i]

[i:][i][e][?][a:][]

[?:][?]

[?:][?][u:]

[u]Λ元音vowels(20個(gè))輔音28個(gè)輔音Consonants(28個(gè))1.爆破音

[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.[p] [b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p] [b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe[t] [d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t] [d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bed兩清輔音一起時(shí)，后一個(gè)清輔音變成濁輔音，或叫濁化[sp]→[sb]

[st]→[sd][sk]→[sg]speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen[k] [g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k] [g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log2.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[?]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[?]

in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song

3.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[

]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[

e]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?[

]

sure,she,social,nation

Washthefish,please.[?]

pleasure,

televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[h]

havehot,whowhole

hatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]

read,write,

wrongAreyoureadytoread?

4.破擦音

[t]

Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.

[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.

?5)舌邊音:[l]land,world

如果在后面讀[?]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle!6)半元音:[w]wall,what,answer

Thehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard.[j]

yes

yellowyearYes,youryellowskirtiswet.lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice

compare:1.Redlorry,yellowlorry,redlorry,yellowlorry.

2.Let’slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder.Tonguetwisters成音節(jié)[m]，[n]，[l]英語輔音字母中有3個(gè)輔音[m]，[n]，[l]是響音，它們和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可構(gòu)成音節(jié)，也叫成音節(jié)。它們構(gòu)成的音節(jié)往往出現(xiàn)在詞尾，一般是非重讀音節(jié)。如：apple[`?pl]，table[`teibl]，middle[`midl],little[`litl]，garden[`ga:dn]，lesson[`lesn],physical[`fisikl]，realism[`ri:lizm]等等。

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[p]

[b]

[t][d][k][g][f][v][s][z]

[h]

[w][j][][][t

][d]??[tr][dr][ts][dz][m][n][?][l][r][][]eθPartsofspeech詞類/詞性名詞noun(n.)～人和事物的名稱代詞pronoun(pron.)～代替名詞的詞形容詞adjective(adj.)～修飾名詞的詞數(shù)詞numeral(num.)～表示多少和第幾的詞動(dòng)詞verb(v.)～表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)副詞adverb[adv.]～修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞的詞冠詞article(art.)～說明名詞所指的人或物介詞preposition（prep.）～表示名詞與其它詞的關(guān)系連詞conjunction(conj.)～連接詞、短語和句子的詞

感嘆詞interjection(inter.)～表示感情的詞Sentencepatterns

Simplesentence簡(jiǎn)單句

Ilikeapples.JaneandIoftenswiminsummer.Hecomesandsayshellotomeeveryday.Compoundsentence并列句We

helpthemandtheyhelpus.Complexsentence復(fù)合句

Hesaidthathewouldvisityou.1.Declarativesentence陳述句

Mybagispink.2.Interrogativesentence疑問句

Whatcolourisyourbag?3.

Imperativesentence祈使句

Let’sbegin.4.Exclamatorysentence感嘆句

Whatafinedayitistoday!Types常用句型1.Therebe(is/are)+名詞[+介詞短語]

Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.Therearesomeflo