2022年度山西省長(zhǎng)治市固村中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022年度山西省長(zhǎng)治市固村中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Formanyweekswehadbeen_______horsesandoxen_______heat,thirstandstarvation.A．a(chǎn)ccustomedtosee,suffered

B．a(chǎn)ccustomedtoseeing,sufferedC．a(chǎn)ccustomedtosee,suffering

D．a(chǎn)ccustomedtoseeing,suffering參考答案：C2.It’shightimeyouhadyourhaircut;it’sgetting_____.

A.toomuchlong

B.muchtoolongC.longtoomuch

D.toolongmuch參考答案：B解析：考查muchtoo與toomuch的區(qū)別

Muchtoo太，非常，修飾形容詞，如：Thebookismuchtoothick

Toomuch很多，修飾名詞或充當(dāng)名詞來用，

如：Whathesaidistoomuchforme.

/

Thereistoomuchwaterinthebasin.3.Whilewatchingtelevision,____.A.thedoorbellrang

B.weheardthedoorbellringC.therewassomeoneknockingatthedoor

D.thedoorbellwasringing參考答案：B略4.Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown．

A．which

B．where

C．how

D．why參考答案：B5.UsinganewappnamedPapa,theelderlypeoplecan________youngvolunteerstotakecareofthemwhenevertheyareinneed.A.bringup B.comeacross C.callon D.pickup參考答案：C【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：使用一個(gè)新的名叫Papa的應(yīng)用軟件，老人可以在任何他們有需要的時(shí)候要求年輕志愿者照顧他們。A.bringup養(yǎng)育，嘔吐，提出；B.comeacross偶遇；C.callon號(hào)召，請(qǐng)求，要求；D.pickup撿起來，接，偶然學(xué)會(huì)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處是指老人可以在需要的時(shí)候要求志愿者幫忙，故選C項(xiàng)。6.DavidCameronwaselected

_____PrimeMinistertoleadBritainto_____newtime.A./;a

B,the?a

Ca；the

D.a；/參考答案：A7.Ihaven’tseenDorasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyond_____.

A.impression

B.recognition

C.understanding

D.judgment參考答案：【答案】8.Threeminutesearlier____wecouldhavecaughttheearlytraintoPhiladelphia.A.or

B.but

C.and

D.so參考答案：C9.—Howoftendoyougototheconcert?—_____,butusuallyonceamonth.A.Havenoidea

B.Itdepends

C.Asusual

D.Generallyspeaking參考答案：B10.Westofthecity________,whichprovidesalotofjobopportunitiesforthelocalpeople.A.afactorylies B.doesafactorylieC.islyingafactory D.liesafactory參考答案：D考查倒裝。此題為全部倒裝。11.Thekeytooursuccesswashavingthecouragetotakeonanyjobandthenbeingcreativeinour____togettingitfinished.

A.measure

B.method

C.appoint

D.approach參考答案：D12.---Iwillhavetothinkaboutitagain．---Ifyou_

,youmaylosetheopportunitytocompetealtogether．A．hesitate

B．wonder

C．continue

D．fail參考答案：A13.---Isawthefilm,Herolastnight,andIfounditimpressive.---_______,Ienjoythemusicmost.A.Personally

B.Inaword

C.Notatall

D.Generallyspeaking參考答案：A14.Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievein_____wedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.A.why

B.how

C.which

D.what

參考答案：D15.—Youlooksoupset,Isabelle.

?—Ifailedtopassthedrivingtestlastweek.A.What'sup

B.What'sfor

C.Whatareyouupto

D.Sowhat參考答案：A16._____hehasbeenblindsincebirth,JosephChadbourneneverfeelsdifferentfromhisclass-matesatschool.A.Since

B.Once

C.Unless

D.While參考答案：D17.Itisgenerallycoldanddryhereinautumn,butsometimes,it________alsobewarmandrainy.A.may

B.should C.must D.can

參考答案：D18.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?---No.I’mnotsure_____Icouldhaveleftit.

A.whether

B.where

C.when

D.why參考答案：B二、完型填空19.Alittlegirllivedinasimpleandpoorhouseonahill.Usuallyshe

41

playinthesmallgarden.Shecouldseeoverthegardenfenceandacrossthevalleyawonderfulhousewithshininggoldenwindowshighonanotherhill.

42

shelovedherparentsandherfamily,shedesiredtoliveinsuchahouseand43

alldayabouthowwonderfulandexciting44

mustfeeltolivethere.Attheagewhenshegainedsome45

skillandsensibility(識(shí)別力),she46

hermotherforabikeride

__47_thegarden.Hermotherfinallyallowedhertogo,48

herkeepingclosetothehouseandnot49

toofar.Thedaywasbeautiful.Thelittlegirlknew

50

whereshewasheading.

51

thehillandacrossthevalley,sherodetothe

52

ofthegoldenhouse.

53

shegotoffherbikeandputitagainstthegatepost,shefocusedonthepath_54_tothehouseandthenonthehouseitself.Shewasverydisappointedwhenshe

55

thatallthewindowswere

56

andratherdirty.So

57

andheart-broken,shedidn'tgoanyfurther.She

58

,andallofasuddenshesawanamazing

___59

.Thereontheothersideofthevalleywasalittlehouseanditswindowsweregolden.Lookingatherlittlehome,she_60__thatshehadbeenlivinginhergoldenhousefilledwithloveandcare.Everythingshedreamedwasrightthereinfrontofherhouse.41.A.might B.should C.would D.must42.A.Unless B.Although C.Since D.But43.A.dreamed B.worried C.asked D.shouted44.A.this B.that C.it D.which45.A.different B.scientific C.musical D.basic46.A.begged B.blamed C.invited D.paid 47.A.inside B.outside C.through D.along48.A.insistingon B.relyingon

C.arguingabout D.wonderingabout49.A.traveling B.running C.riding D.walking50.A.madly B.rapidly C.exactly D.possibly51.A.Over B.Down C.Around D.Beside52.A.windows B.steps C.center D.gate53.A.Until B.As C.While D.Because54.A.getting B.introducing C.leading D.moving55.A.felt B.learned C.concluded D.found56.A.transported B.bright C.plain D.wide57.A.anxious B.angry C.serious D.sad58.A.turnedaround B.cheeredup C.settleddown D.droppedin59.A.hill B.valley C.background D.sight60.A.imagined B.decided C.realized D.guess參考答案：41.C42.B43.A44.C45.D46.A47.B48.A49.C50.C51.B52.D53.B54.C55.D56.C57.D58.A59.D60.C44.C考查代詞。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。本題的解題關(guān)鍵在于介詞about后面的賓語(yǔ)從句howwonderfulandexciting_________mustbetolivethere.這個(gè)句子如果用陳述句型表達(dá)應(yīng)該是：_____mustbewonderfulandexcitingtolivethere.經(jīng)分析可知，本題考查的是it做形式主語(yǔ)，代替后面的不定式tolivethere。故選C。45.D考查形容詞。different不同的；scientific科學(xué)的；musical音樂的；basic基本的。根據(jù)下文提示解題。下文提到懇求媽媽之后才被允許騎自行車圍著花園轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn)，說明小女孩剛剛學(xué)會(huì)些基本的（basic）技能和識(shí)別力，所以選擇D。46.A考查動(dòng)詞。beg乞求；blam責(zé)備；invite邀請(qǐng)；pay支付，付錢。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)和上下文提示解題。上一段提到desired,dreamed等動(dòng)詞，說明了小女孩渴望的心情，后面有提到“Hermotherfinallyallowedhertogo”,由此可知小女孩“懇請(qǐng)”媽媽答應(yīng)自己的請(qǐng)求，所以選擇A。47.B考查介詞。inside在……的里面；outside在……的外面；through通過；along沿著。根據(jù)下文詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。下文提到了keepingclosetothehouse（在房子周邊，附近），說明這里表達(dá)的是在花園周圍騎車。所以答案是B。48.A考查動(dòng)詞詞組。insiston堅(jiān)持要求；relyon依賴；argueabout爭(zhēng)論；wonderabout困惑不解。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。前面提到媽媽答應(yīng)了小女孩的要求，但是這是有條件的，那就是媽媽堅(jiān)持(insistingon)要她不要遠(yuǎn)離自家的房子，不要騎太遠(yuǎn)。這個(gè)答案表明媽媽的態(tài)度，所以選擇A。49.C考查動(dòng)詞。A.traveling旅游；B.running跑；C.riding騎車；D.walking步行。根據(jù)下文詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。上文提到beggedhermotherforabikeride,所以這里應(yīng)該是表明媽媽對(duì)她的要求，不要騎(riding)太遠(yuǎn)，所以答案選擇C。50.C考查副詞。madly發(fā)瘋地；rapidly快速地；exactly確切地、清楚地；possibly可能地。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。小女孩早就夢(mèng)想著一飽花園的美麗，當(dāng)?shù)玫綃寢屧试S騎車的時(shí)候，她心里“確切”地知道她要去哪里。所以答案選擇C。51.B考查介詞。over在……的正上方，超越；down沿著，向下；around在……周圍，圍繞；beside在……的旁邊。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)和上下文提示解題。文章的開始就提到Alittlegirllivedinasimpleandpoorhouseonahill.明確告訴我們小女孩住在山上，所以這里是騎車下山，答案是B。52.D考查名詞。A.windows窗戶；B.steps臺(tái)階；C.center中心；D.gate門。根據(jù)下文詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。由下段的開始句shegotoffherbikeandputitagainstthegatepost,可知小姑娘騎車到金色的房子的門口，所以答案為D。53.B考查連詞。根據(jù)句間邏輯關(guān)系解題。本句的解題關(guān)鍵在于主句中的謂語(yǔ)focusedonthepath和從句謂語(yǔ)gotoffthebike之間的邏輯關(guān)系。先下車再專心研究/看…，由此可知要選的從屬連詞為引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的，但是gotoffherbike為瞬間動(dòng)詞，而while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是延續(xù)性的，所以否定C答案，選擇B。54.C考查固定搭配解題。getto到達(dá)；introduce…to介紹…給…；leadto通向；moveto朝…移動(dòng)。本句要表達(dá)的是道路與房子的關(guān)系，應(yīng)該是這條路通向那所房子，所以選擇C。55.D考查動(dòng)詞。feel感覺；learn學(xué)會(huì)，知道；conclude得出結(jié)論；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。上句提到她focusedonthepathandthenonthehouseitself，說明她仔細(xì)觀察了這條道路和那所房子。仔細(xì)觀察后應(yīng)該有所發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里是指小女孩親眼見到的一切，所以選擇D。56.C考查形容詞。transparent透明；bright明亮的；plain平淡無奇的，樸素的，家常的；wide寬闊的。根據(jù)句間邏輯關(guān)系解題。前面說到shewasverydisappointed和下面提到verydirty，這些都是選擇本題答案的依據(jù)，既然disappointed，就說明這所房子遠(yuǎn)沒有她當(dāng)初想象得好，很一般，很普通。所以選擇C。57.D考察行刺。anxious焦急的；angry生氣的；serious嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的；sad悲傷的。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。上段提到了小女孩disappointed,本句中又有heart-broken,由此可推斷小女孩很傷心和難過(sad),所以選擇D。58.A考查動(dòng)詞詞組。turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)過身來；cheeredup加油；settleddown安頓下來；droppedin順便拜訪。根據(jù)下文提示解題。下文提到Thereontheothersideofthevalley…可知這里指“小女孩轉(zhuǎn)過身，回頭看”，所以選擇A。59.D考查名詞。sight用眼可以看到的景象；background背景；valley山谷；hill小山。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題。下文提到Thereontheothersideofthevalleywasalittlehouseanditswindowsweregolden.這是小女孩回頭所看到的的景象，所以選擇D。60.C考查動(dòng)詞。imagined想象；decided決定；realized意識(shí)到；guessed猜測(cè)。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)和上下文提示解題。這里指小女孩通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷明白了一個(gè)道理，原來自己一直住在一座充滿了關(guān)愛的金色的房子里。也就是她意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)，所以答案選擇C?！緦W(xué)法指導(dǎo)】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)：段落

關(guān)鍵詞

大意推測(cè)第一部分（para.1）

alittlegirl,poorhouseonahill,asmallgarden,awonderfulhousewithshininggoldenwindows,desiredtolivesuchahouse

住在山上的小女孩看到對(duì)面山上的有金色窗子的美麗的房子。雖然她深愛她的父母和家人，但她是多美渴望能住進(jìn)這所金色的房子里??！第二部分（para.2-3）

gainedsomeskillandsensibility,allowedhertogo,Thedaywasbeautiful,acrossthevalley,rodetothegoldenhouse,focusonthepath,veydisappointed,windowswereratherdirty

女孩漸漸長(zhǎng)大了，媽媽答應(yīng)她在房子周邊騎車。她騎上自行車下山直奔對(duì)面的金色的房子。但是到了房前，她端詳著那條小路和房子的窗戶，這才發(fā)現(xiàn)窗戶是如此地普普通通而又臟兮兮。第三部分（para.4）

Heart-broken,amazing,Thereontheothersideofthevalleywasalittlehouseanditswindowsweregolden.Shehadbeenlivinginthegoldenhousefilledwithloveandcare.

眼前的景色讓她失望且傷心。但回頭處，卻看到了另一番美景：對(duì)面的山上，是自己住的金色的房子。原來自己一直置身于自己夢(mèng)想的金色的房子里，享受這家人的關(guān)愛！20.DoubleTroubleWhenIwaseight,Iwantedatoyandneeded$10tobuyit.But,asusual,Iwasbroken.Idecidedtoaskmy11-year-oldsister,Kathleen,foraloan.Iwenttoherroom,___11___herforthecash.Laughing,sheagreedto___12___methemoney,butadded,“Iwillchargeyou10percentcompoundinterestevery___13___untilyoupaymeback.”“Compoundinterest---what’sthat?”Iasked.“Well,interestiswhatyoucallthe___14___moneyborrowershavetopaybackonaloan,”sheexplained.“Compoundinterestmeansthattheinterestpaymentsgetbiggerandbiggerthe___15___youtaketopaybacktheloan.Torepaytheloan,youwillneedtogiveme$11afteronemonth.Ifyouwaittwomonthstopaymeback,your___16___willgrowfrom$10to$11.SoI’llbechargingyouintereston$11.ThenIwilladdthatinteresttothe$11youalreadyoweme,fora___17___of$12.10.That’swhatyou’lloweaftertwomonths.”“Sure.Igetit,”Isaid.Thoughtruthfully,Iwasgetting___18___.Kathleenlentmethemoney,andIboughtthetoy.Mybirthdaycameamonthlater,andmymomgaveme$10.

___19___,thatwasjusttheamountIneededtobuyanothertoyIwanted___20___.Iputoffpayingmysisterforamonth.Afteranothermonth,I___21___abouttheloan.Severalmonthslater,onChristmasmorning,mysisterandIeachfounda$02billinourstockings.Iwasjustputtingitintomypocket___22___Kathleentappedmeontheshoulder.“Sorrykiddo.That’smine.I’m___23___onyourdebt.”“Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan.“Hey!Howcanitbethatmuch?I___24___borrowed$10.”“True,”shesaid,“butinteresthasbeencompoundingforeightmonths.Nowyou___25___me$21.43.”Shepaused,thenadded.“Youcanpaymethe$1.43.”I___26___tobelievethata$10loancouldmorethandoublesoquickly.Muchtomy___27___,mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup.Myhead___28___asItriedtokeeptrackofKathleen’s___29___,butthistime,Igotthebasicideaofcompoundinterest.I___30___thehardwaythatborrowingmoneycanbe“doubletrouble”innotime.11.A.blaming B.begging C.searching D.preparing12.A.pay B.send C.lend D.hand13.A.month B.year C.week D.day14.A.little B.same C.enough D.extra15.A.shorter B.longer C.more D.less16.A.cash B.saving C.note D.debt17.A.total B.cost C.number D.bill18.A.encouraged B.shocked C.confused D.satisfied19.A.Gradually B.Obviously C.Unfortunately D.Hopefully20.A.seriously B.anxiously C.secretly D.desperately21.A.forgot B.knew C.talked D.cared22.A.after B.until C.while D.when23.A.carrying B.collecting C.relying D.focusing24.A.normally B.nearly C.only D.really25.A.owe B.offer C.take D.give26.A.decided B.refused C.pretended D.managed27.A.relief B.delight C.annoyance D.regret28.A.turned B.nodded C.stuck D.hurt29.A.calculations B.excuses C.directions D.discoveries30.A.explored B.learned C.explained D.questioned參考答案：11.B

12.C

13.A

14.D

15.B

16.D

17.A

18.C

19.C

20.D

21.A

22.D

23.B

24.C

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.D

29.A

30.B這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者八歲時(shí)一次借錢的經(jīng)歷。本來作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最終作者的債務(wù)累加到了21.43美元。經(jīng)過這次經(jīng)歷，作者明白了借錢可能會(huì)給自己帶來雙重麻煩這個(gè)道理。11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.blaming責(zé)備；B.begging懇求；C.searching搜索，搜尋；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。我需要錢，去懇求姐姐借錢。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.pay付錢；B.send送，派；C.lend借給；D.hand遞。姐姐同意借給我錢。C選項(xiàng)正確。【13題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.day日。由第三段中的“Torepaytheloan,youwillneedtogiveme$11afteronemonth”可知，姐姐答應(yīng)借給我錢，但是要作者每個(gè)月付10%的利息。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.little不多的，小的；B.same同樣的；C.enough足夠的；D.extra額外的。利息是借錢人在歸還貸款時(shí)額外付的錢。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.shorter更短的；B.longer更長(zhǎng)的；C.more更多的；D.less更少的。歸還貸款需要的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，所需支付的利息就越多。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.cash現(xiàn)金；B.saving積蓄；C.note鈔票；D.debt債務(wù)。姐姐告訴我：“如果你等兩個(gè)月歸還我的錢，那么，你的債務(wù)將從10美元增加到11美元?！盌選項(xiàng)正確。【17題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.total總數(shù)；B.cost花費(fèi)，成本；C.number數(shù)目；D.bill賬單。如果作者兩個(gè)月才歸還姐姐的錢的話，那么，利滾利，最終作者要?dú)w還的總數(shù)為12.10美元。A選項(xiàng)正確。【18題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.encouraged受到鼓勵(lì)的；B.shocked震驚的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)though可知，我告訴姐姐我明白了。但是，說實(shí)話，我很困惑。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.Gradually逐漸地；B.Obviously明顯地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Hopefully充滿希望地。我生日那天，媽媽給了我10美元，不幸地是，那筆錢恰恰就是我買另一個(gè)玩具所需要的錢。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.seriously嚴(yán)肅地，認(rèn)真地；B.anxiously焦慮地；C.secretly秘密地；D.desperately極度地。作者特別想要再買一個(gè)禮物。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.forgot忘記；B.knew認(rèn)識(shí)，知道；C.talked交談；D.cared在意。由下文中““Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan”可知，又過了一個(gè)月，作者忘記了自己借的錢，到了圣誕節(jié)經(jīng)姐姐提醒才想起來。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。A.after在……之后；B.until直到……；C.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候。作者正要把20美元放到自己的口袋里，這時(shí)候姐姐拍了拍他的肩膀。bedoing…when…意為“正要做某事這時(shí)突然……”。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.carrying攜帶，運(yùn)送；B.collecting收取；C.relying依靠；D.focusing（使）集中。姐姐告訴作者：“我要收債了”。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.normally正常地；B.nearly幾乎；C.only僅僅；D.really的確，確實(shí)。作者經(jīng)過姐姐提醒，記起了自己的債務(wù)。但是他認(rèn)為自己沒借那么多錢，他只借了10美元。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.owe欠；B.offer（主動(dòng)）提供；C.take帶走；D.give給。姐姐告訴作者，過了八個(gè)月，作者欠她21.43美元。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.decided決定；B.refused拒絕；C.pretended假裝；D.managed設(shè)法做到。作者不相信10美元的借款會(huì)這么快就會(huì)加倍。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.relief緩解；B.delight高興；C.annoyance惱怒；D.regret后悔，遺憾。令作者感到生氣的是，姐姐拿來鉛筆和便簽簿，向作者展示這個(gè)錢數(shù)是怎么來的。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；B.nodded點(diǎn)頭；C.stuck粘貼，粘；D.hurt疼痛。當(dāng)作者努力地想弄清楚姐姐的計(jì)算時(shí)，作者很頭疼。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.calculations計(jì)算；B.excuses借口，理由；C.directions方向；D.discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上面的“mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup”可知，姐姐給作者計(jì)算這個(gè)錢數(shù)是怎么來的。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.explored探索；B.learned學(xué)會(huì)；C.explained解釋；D.questioned詢問，質(zhì)疑。作者通過這次經(jīng)歷學(xué)會(huì)了借錢可能會(huì)給自己帶來雙重麻煩這個(gè)道理。B選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空解題技巧：上下聯(lián)系尋信息：文章中，句與句之間、段與段之間緊密相連、渾然一體。因此，完形填空中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)前面的信息為后面的空白提供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情況。這時(shí)，考生切不可死盯空白不放，而要聯(lián)系上下文，尋求信息以確定答案。例如11小題。由下文中““Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan可知，作者本來忘記了自己借的錢，到了圣誕節(jié)經(jīng)姐姐提醒才想起來。這是典型的通過上下文聯(lián)系來確定答案的例子。三、閱讀理解21.PeterThiel,thebillionaireco-founderofPayPal,planstolivetobe120.Comparedwithsomeothertechbillionaires,hedoesn'tseemparticularlyambitious.DmitryItskov,the“godfather”oftheRussianInternet,sayshisgoalistoliveto10.000;andSergeyBrin,co-founderofGoogle,hopestosomeday"curedeath.Theyaren'tbeingridiculous.Theirsearchisbasedonrealsciencethatcouldfundamentallychangewhatweknowaboutlifeandaboutdeath.It’shardtobelieve,though,sincethehumansearchforimmortalityisbothancientandfilledwithdisastrousfailures.Around200B.C.,thefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,accidentallykilledhimselftryingtoliveforever;hepoisonedhimselfbyeatingmercury（水銀）pills.Centurieslater,thesearchforeternallifewasn'tmuchsafer:InJ492,PopeInnocentVIIIdiedafterbloodtransfusionsfromthreehealthyboyswhoseyouthhebelievedhecouldabsorb.Buthistoricalexampleshaven'tdiscouragedsomeofthebiggestnamesinSiliconValley.Thiel,forexample,hasgiven$3.5milliontotheMethuselahFoundation.AubreydeGrey,Methuselah'sco-founder,saysSENS,thenonprofit'smainresearchisdevotedtofindingdrugsthatcureseveraltypesofage-relateddamage:"Lossofcells,excessive（過多的）celldivision,inadequatecelldeath,garbageinsidethecell,garbageoutsidethecell,...Theideaisthatthehumanbody,beingamachine,hasastructurethatdeterminesallaspectsofitsfunction,soifwecanrestorethatstructure—atthemolecular（分子的）andcellular（細(xì)胞的）level—thenwewillrestorefunctiontoo,sowewillhavecomprehensivelyrenewedthebody."ButSENS,whichhasanannualoperatingbudgetof$5million,issmall,comparedwiththeBrin-ledProjectCalico,Google'sattemptto“curedeath,”whichisplanningtopumpbillionsintoapartnershipwithmedicinegiantAbbVie.Googleissecretive,butit'ssaidtobebuildingadrugtocopyageneassociatedwithexceptionallifespan.Thenthere'stheGlennFoundationforMedicalResearch,startedbyPaulF.Glennin1965.Since2007,thefoundationhasdistributedannual"GlennAwards,"$60,000toindependentresearchersdoingpromisingworkonaging.TheGlennFoundationalsoworkscloselywiththeEllisonMedicalFoundation,afaryoungerinstitution(foundedin1997).Ellison'spassionprojectgivesouthundredsofthousandsofdollarseachyeartoscholarsseekingresearchonaging.Theirdecisiontofundindependentresearchmaybepayingoff.ResearchprojectsfundedbyEllisonandGlennappeartobedevelopingintoatestablemeanstostaveoffoldage—forlabmice.Thequestionis:Canthoselabresultsberepeatedinhumans?12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthosebillionairesistrue?A.Theyaredeterminedtodreambig.B.Whattheyaredoingissillyandunreasonable.C.TheirplanwillendupinfailurejustliketheChineseemperor.D.Theyfeelletdownbythoseexamplesthathappenedinthepast.13.WhichofthefollowingDOESN'TexplainthetheorybehindtheprojectofSENS?A.Somethingwronghappensatthemolecularandcellularlevel.B.Repairingthedamageisthekeytobringingbackthefunction.C.Celldeathshouldbepreventedandthenourbodywillfunctionwell.D.Structuredecideshowourbodyworks.14.Accordingtothecontext,theunderlinedword"immortality"iscloseinmeaningtothefollowingexpressions(alsounderlined)except

.A.eternallife

B.renewingthebodyC.lifespan

D.stavingoffoldage15.W