英語一完型考研填空

考研英語（一）主講人：老一、完型填空的文章特文章字?jǐn)?shù)：240—280之間首句不出題，往往是主旨句文章有明確的和作者態(tài)度段落也是總分結(jié)構(gòu)Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,（）thisislargelybecause, ）als,westandupright.Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“related”asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis（）astudy,publishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademySciences,has（）.二、四大邏輯關(guān) 1、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系標(biāo)識however,but,yet,although,though,eventhough,evenif,muchas,while,contraryto,onthecontrary,bycontrast,against,insteadof,ratherBy1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadeindependentnations...therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshouldbesovereignandindependentstates...Ontheissueoffreedomofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,,therewaslessagreementamongtheleadership.[A] [B][C] [D]However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmellcan esensitivetoit toitoften[A]at [B]at [C]at [D]at[A] [B] [C] [D]Estimatesrangeanywherefrom600,000to3million.thefiguremayvary,ystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessisincreasing.[A]Now [B][C] [D]ExceptHawthorneexperimentshasanothersurpriseinstore,thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematicevidencewasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.[A]contraryto[B]consistent[C]parallel [D]peculiarHe,however,mighttrembleatthethoughtofwhatheisabouttoTogetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhich thatonegroupofhumanityismoreinligentthantheothers,butexplainedtheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.[A] [B]suggests[C]s[D]因果關(guān)系標(biāo)識詞because,inthat,nowthat,since,as,for,asaresultof,結(jié)果：asaresult,sothat,suchthat,leadto,consequently,therefore,hence,thus,soItwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcrytheyaresadbutthey esadwhenthetearsbegintoflow. Earlypromisestoendntributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuchbecausethenewnationsstillneededtherevenuesuchpoliciesproduced.[A]slower[B]faster[C]easier[D]Thatwouldmakerulingsmorelikelytobeseenasseparatefrompoliticsand,,convincingaslaw.[A]byallmeans[B]atall[C]ina [D]asa并列關(guān)系and,similarly,aswellas,Expressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherway ,thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood. 總分關(guān)系forexample,forinstance,suchas,TheernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcasesthetrialofRosemary[A]asto[B]forinstance[C]inparticular[D]suchResearchonanimalinligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperimentsanimalswouldperformonhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner,,isrunningasmall-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.[A]bychance[B]incontrast[C]asusual[D]for三、完形填空解題技1、andGrowingbodiesneedmovementand ,butnotjustinwaysthatemphasize[A] [B] [C] [D]Industrialsafetydoesnotjusthappen.Companieswithlowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthemandactive.[A]alive[B]vivid[C]mobile[D]Othercausesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing ofchildabuseandchildneglect. (2004,38,39)[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D]Alltheories,however,aretentativeand to[A]immune[B] [C] [D]2、從句關(guān)聯(lián)原則BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereareprogramsthataddressthemanyneedsofthe[A] [B][C] [D]Evenwhenhomelessindividualsmanagetofindathatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachdaythestreet.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D][A]searching[B] [C]crowding[D]3、固定搭…childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathomewascommoninthetraditionalfamilystructure.[A] [B] [C] [D]Conversationesweakerinasocietythatspendssomuchtimelisteningandbeingtalkedtoithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.[A]as[B]which[C]that[D]①看more/less,優(yōu)先想②看見as，優(yōu)先想到③看notso，優(yōu)先想到⑤看thesame,優(yōu)先想到④看見such，優(yōu)先想到⑥看見so想到that，正如看見such想到that4、同義復(fù)Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theoriesontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehaviorbecausetheywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthroughinteractionwithothers.[A]acting[B]relying[C]centering[D]Estimatesrangeanywherefrom600,000to3million.Althoughthefiguremayvary,ystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalernment’sstudiespredictsthatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]5、答案分布的規(guī)律連續(xù)兩個(gè)相同的出0-3次一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最多出現(xiàn)6次，最少出現(xiàn)46、高頻選轉(zhuǎn)折類：however，but，in讓步：though，even，evenif，原因很少入選的詞：what,nowthat,since,eversinceincaseorelse,ifonly,about,as7、?？剂?xí)語及搭endupgiverisetotendtointurninresponsetoitturnsout7、常考習(xí)語及搭solongasapartfrominsteadofsubjecttoturnaroundintermsoftakesthintoconsiderationberootedin8、?？冀閍bout/above/across/after/against/along/around/among/as/at/before/below/beneath/beside(s)//but/by/behind/between/considering/concerning/despite/down/during/except/from/for/in/into/including/inside/like/near/of/off/on/outside/over/opposite/past/since/through/throughout/regarding/to/toward(s)/under/up/with/within/without四、串第一篇Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,inlectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious(21)tohowtheycanbest(22)suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand(23),butnotjustinwaysthatemphasize[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D][A]strengthen[B]modate[C]stimulate[D][A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D](24)theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewinlectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe(25)thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheirplishmentsare(26)byothers.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D][A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D][A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe(27)toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,(28),publishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,(29)studentartwork,andsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D][A]ineffect[B]asaresult[C]forexample[D]ina[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide(30)opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful(31)dynamics.Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe(32)ofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult(33)visibleinthebackground.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D][A]group[B]individual[C]nel[D][A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D][A]particularly[B]barely[C]definiy[D]第二Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthattheyoungteenshave(34)attentionspans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized(35)participantscanremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto(36)elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants(37).[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D][A]ifonly[B]nowthat[C]sothat[D]even[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D][A]off[B]down[C]out[D]Thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.(38),theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby(39)forrolesthatarewithintheir(40)andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.[A]Onthecontrary[B]Onthe[C]Onthe [D]Ontheother[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D][A]capabilities[B]responsibilities[C][D]第二篇Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories(21)ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior(22)theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough(23)withothers.[A]acting[B]relying[C]centering[D][A]before[B]unless[C]until[D][A]interaction[B]assimilation[C]cooperation[D]Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin(24)totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,(25)asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.[A]return[B]reply[C]reference[D][A]or[B]butrather[C]but[D]or第二Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,(26)thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes(27)lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare(28)tocriticism.[A]considering[B]ignoring[C][A]on[B]in[C]for[D][A]immune[B]resistant[C]sensitive[D]第三Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly(29)juvenilerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat(30)tofeweropportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment(31)makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin(32)leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.[A]affect[B]reduce[C]check[D][A]point[B]lead[C]come[D][A]in [B]onaverage[C]bycontrast[D]at[A]case[B] [C]turn[D]第四Familieshavealso(33)changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;(34),childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome(35)wascommoninthetraditionalfamily(36).Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.[A]survived[B]noticed[C]undertaken[D][A]contrarily[B]consequently[C][D][A]than[B]that[C]which[D][A] [B]structure[C]concept[D]Other(37)causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased(38)ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing(39)ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,(40)adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.[A]assessable[B]identifiable[C]negligible[D][A]expense[B]restriction[C]allocation[D][A]incidence[B]awareness[C]exposure[D][A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]第三篇By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadeindependentnations.Theroughly20million(1)ofthesenationslooked(2)tothefuture.[A]natives[B]inhabitants[C]peoples[D][A]confusedly[B]cheerfully[C]worriedly[D]BorninthecrisisoftheoldregimeandIberianColonialism,manyoftheleadersofindependence(3)theidealsofrepresentativeernment,careers(4)totalent,freedomofcommerceandtrade,the(5)toprivateproperty,andabeliefintheindividualasbasisof[A]shared[B]forgot[C]attained[D][A]related[B]close[C]open[D][A]access[B]succession[C]right[D](6)therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshouldbesovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobeeconomicallyviableandintegratedbya(7)setoflaws.[A]Presumably[B]Incidentally[C]Obviously[D][A]unique[B]common[C]particular[D]第二Ontheissueof(8)ofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,(9),therewaslessagreement(10)theleadership.RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyone(11)bytheSpanish[A]freedom[B]origin[C]impact[D][A]therefore[B]however[C]indeed[D][A]with[B]about[C]among[D][A]allowed[B]preached[C]granted[D](12)mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism(13)theofficialreligionofthenewstates,somesoughttoendthe(14)ofotherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurchbecamearallying(15)fortheconservativeforces.[A]Since[B]If[C]Unless[D][A]as[B] [C]under[D][A]spread[B]interference[C]exclusion[D][A]support[B]cry[C]plea[D]第三Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian,valuingequalityofeverything.BolivarhadreceivedaidfromHaitiandhad(16)inreturntoabolishslaveryintheareasheliberated.[A]urged[B]intended[C]expected[D]By1854slaveryhadbeenabolishedeverywhereexceptSpain’s(17)colonies.Earlypromisestoendntributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuch(18)becausethenewnationsstillneededtherevenuesuchpolicies(19).Egalitariansentimentswereoftentemperedbyfearsthatthemassofthepopulationwas(20)self-ruleanddemocracy.[A]controlling[B]former[C]remaining[D][A]slower[B]faster[C]easier[D][A]created[B]produced[C]contributed[D][A]puzzledby[B]hostileto[C]pessimisticabout[D]unprepared第四篇Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases(31)thetrialofRosemary[A]asto[B]forinstance[C]inparticular[D]such第四篇Inasignificant(32)oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea(33)billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses(34)andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof(35)thatcanbegiventoacase(36)atrialbegins.[A]tightening[B]intensifying[C]focusing[D][A]sketch[B]rough[C]preliminary[D][A]illogical[B] [C]improbable[D][A]publicity[B]penalty[C]popularity[D][A]since[B]if[C]before[D]第四篇InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsMediaSelectCommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe(37)withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatself-regulationdidnot(38)sufficient[A]sided[B]shared[C]complied[D][A]present[B]offer[C]manifest[D]第四篇(39)ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda(40)ofmediawhenhesaidthe(41)ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges(42)toParliament.[A]Release[B]Publication[C]Printing[D][A] [B]rage[C]flare[D][A]translation[B] [C][D][A]betterthan[B]other [C]rather[D]sooner第四篇TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which(43)theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally(44)inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas(45)toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies.[A]changes[B]makes[C]sets[D][A]binding[B]convincing[C]restraining[D][A]authorized[B]credited[C]entitled[D]第四篇“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands(46)ourBritishhe[A]with[B]to[C]from[D]第四篇Witnesspaymentsbecamean(47)afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere(48)tohavereceivedpaymentsforlingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Concernswereraised(49)witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto(50)guiltyverdicts.[A]impact[B]incident[C]inferenceD][A]stated[B]remarked[C] [D][A]what[B]when[C]which[D][A]assure[B]confide[C]ensure[D]第五篇Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat(1)theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareby(2)factors.ButDr.UriSimonsonspeculatedthataninabilityconsiderthebig(3)wasleadingdecision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywereworkingwith.[A]grants [C]transmits[A]minor[B]objective [D][A]issue[B]vision 第五篇(4),hetheorisedthatajudge(5)ofappearingtoosoft(6)crimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeonetoprison(7)hehadalreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.[A]Forexample[B]Onaverage[C]Inprinciple[D]Above[A]fond[B]fearful[C]capable[D][A]in[B]on[C]to[D][A]if[B]until[C]though[D]第五篇To(8)thisidea,heturnedtotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the(9)ofanapplicantshouldnotdependonthefewothers(10)randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDr.Simonsonedthetruthwas(11).[A]promote[B]emphasize[C]share[A]decision[B]quality[C]status[D][A]chosen[B]studied[C]found[D][A]exceptional[B]defensible[C]replaceable[D]第五篇Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews(12)by31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad(13)applicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscale(14)numerousfactorsintoconsideration.Thescoreswere(15)usedinconjunctionwithanapplicant’sscoreontheGraduateManagementAdmissionTest,orGMAT,astandardizedexamwhichis(16)outof800points,tomakeadecisiononwhethertoaccepthimorher.[A]inspired[B]expressed[C]conducted[D][A]assigned[B]rated[C] [D][A] [B] [C]gave[D][A]instead[B]then[C]ever[D][A]selected[B]passed[C] [D]第五篇Dr.Simonsonfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75pointsormorehigherthanthatoftheone(17)that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwould(18)byanaverageof0.075points.Thismightsoundsmall,butto(19)theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidatecouldneed30moreGMATpointsthanwouldotherwisehavebeen(20).[A] [B]after[C]above[D][A]jump[B]float[C]drop[D][A]achieve[B]undo[C]maintain[D][A]promising[B]possible[C]necessary[D]第六篇AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughteras“abodilyexerciseprecioustohealth.”But(1)someclaimstothecontrary,laughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes(2)short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,(3)heartrateandoxygenconsumption.1．[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like2．[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce3．[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing第六篇Butbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto(4),agoodlaughisunlikelytohave(5)benefitstheway,say,walkingorjoggingdoes.4．[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe5．[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable第六篇(6),insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyplishesthe(7),studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter(8)muscles,decreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown.6．[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inaddition[D]Inbrief7．[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected8．[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes第六篇Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp(9)theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof(10)feedback,thatimproveanindividual’semotional9．[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance10．[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal第六篇(11)oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted(12)physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry(13)theyaresadbuttheyesadwhentetearsbeginto11．[A]Exceptfor[B]Accordingto[C]Dueto[D]Asfor12．[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at13．[A]unless[B]until[C]if第六篇Althoughsadnessalso(14)tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow(15)muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofWurzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto(16)apeneitherwiththeirteeth–therebycreatinganartificialsorwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea(n)(17)expression.14．[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses15．[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]16．[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold17．[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful第六篇Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirsmilingmuscles(18)moreexuberantlytofunnycartoonsthandidthosewhosemouthswerecontractedinafrown,(19)thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround.(20),thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprove [B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted19．[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning 20．[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly 第七篇In1924America'sNationalResearchCouncilsenttwoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofindustrialexperimentsatalargeephone-partsfactorycalledtheHawthornePlantnearChicago.Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowshop-floorlighting(1)workers'producti