初二英語下冊(cè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講義

初二英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講義（所學(xué)時(shí)態(tài)匯總）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞的第三人稱詞尾變化：當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞需加-s或-es：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形第三人稱單數(shù)形式般在詞尾加-s，（清輔音后playplays讀s，在濁輔音后讀z；在tleaveleaves后讀ts＜在d后讀dz。）swimswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的詞passpasses加-es，讀iz；如果動(dòng)詞原形詞fixfixes尾已有e,則只加-s。teachteacheswishwishesdodoes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，studystudies先變y為i,再加-es,讀Z。carrycarriesflyflies注意：動(dòng)詞have的第三人稱單數(shù)是has.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式。enjoy7.go8receive9cry10.close11.drive12.choose13.play14.reach一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1）表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的副詞連用。常用的頻度副詞有：always、often、usually、seldom、never。頻度副詞在句中通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后。例如:Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.他夏天經(jīng)常游泳。Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開家。2）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。例如：Myfatherisatwork.Heisverybusy.我父親在工作，他很忙。Theboyistwelve.這男孩十二歲。3）表示主語具備的性格、特征和能力等。例如：Allmyfamilylovefootball.我全家人都喜歡足球。Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我妹妹總是樂于助人。AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.安英語寫得不錯(cuò)，講的可不行。4）表示客觀真理，客觀存在，自然現(xiàn)象。例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中國東部。5）表示按計(jì)劃或安排好的，或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,takeplace等。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。Hecomesbacktonight.他今晚回來。6）在復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回來時(shí)，我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶?xì)節(jié)。一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften（have）dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.I(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.—Whatday(be)ittoday?—It'sSaturday.一般過去時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞過去式的規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞過去式一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加looklooked-ed，（在清輔音后讀億在playplayed濁輔音和兀音后讀/〃；在/t^d/后讀他。workworked結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞在末尾加likeliked-dlivelivedhopehoped末尾只有個(gè)輔音字母planplanned的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這stopstopped個(gè)輔音字母，再加-eddropdropped結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的studystudies動(dòng)詞，先變“y”為“I”再加worryworries-edcrycries注：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式參見八年級(jí)下冊(cè)P126寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式形式。duce21.get22.laugh23.pay24.die25.prefer二.一般過去時(shí)的用法1)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,justnow,theotherday,in1982等連用。在一般過去式中，要表達(dá)“過多少時(shí)間之后”，一般用after。幾年后。例如：Wheredidyougojustnow?剛才你上哪兒去了？Afterafewyears,shestartedtoplaythepiano.幾年后，她開始彈鋼琴。2）表示在過去，經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與often,always等表示頻度的副詞連用。例如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。3）一般過去式也可與today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等表現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間壯語連用，但這些時(shí)間壯語須指過去的時(shí)間，決不包含“現(xiàn)在”“此時(shí)此刻”的意思。例如：Didyouseehimtoday?今天你看見他了嗎？1．HowisJaneyesterday?2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.5．Didyousawhimjustnow.III.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．TomandMary(come)toChinalastmonth.2．Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.SoI(get)uplate.3．Mary(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4．There(be)noonehereamomentago.5．I(call)Mikethismorning.6．Ilistenedbut(hear)nothing.7．Tom(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.8．Lastweekwe(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.9．Mymother(notdo)houseworkyesterday.10．ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe(notwatch)TVlastnight.11．yourfather(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?12．-Whattimeyou(get)toBeijingyesterday?-We(get)toBeijingat9:00intheevening.What(make)himcry(哭)justnow?Lastyeartheteacher(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.Thereatelephonecallforlyoujustnow.(be)V.請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。I(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.she(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she.WhatTom(do)onSaturdayevening?He(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.Whenyou(write)thissong?I(write)itlastyear.Myfriend,Carol,(study)forthemathtestand(practice)Englishlastnight.Mr.Li(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.How(be)Jim'sweekend?It(benot)bad.(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she.一般將來時(shí)一、一般將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形在口語中，will在名詞或代詞后?？s為'll,wiinot常簡縮為won't。在疑問句中，主語為第一人稱時(shí)(I和we)時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。例如：She'llgotoplaybasketball.她要去打籃球。Shallwegotothezoo?我們要去動(dòng)物園嗎？二、一般將來時(shí)的用法1、表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow,nextyear等連用。例如：I'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.2、表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：I'llcomeandseeyoueverySaturdaynextyear.明年我將每個(gè)星期六來看你。3、表示說話人對(duì)于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測，通常用beafraid,be/feelsure,hope,know,think等后面的從句或與副詞perhaps,possibly,maybe等連用。例如：Ithinkshe'llgobackhomeforsupper.我想她會(huì)回家吃飯。Maybeshe'llgotothegym.也許她會(huì)去體育館。三、begoingto+不定式，表示將來。1、表示主語進(jìn)行某一行動(dòng)的打算意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思。即計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。這出戲下月開播。2、表示說話人確信如此或有某種跡象表明某事即將發(fā)生。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。3、注意：begoingto和will之間的區(qū)別。?兩者都用于預(yù)測時(shí)，begoingto意指有跡象表明某件事將要發(fā)生，屬客觀的推測；will則意指說話人認(rèn)為/相信某件事將要發(fā)生，屬主觀的推測。9兩者在時(shí)間的發(fā)生上，begoingto通常表示馬上要發(fā)生或相當(dāng)快就要發(fā)生的事情；而will不指明任何具體時(shí)間，可以指遙遠(yuǎn)的未來。例如：Heisgongintobebetter.他的病就要好起來了。Hewillbebetter.他的病會(huì)好起來了。9兩者都表示意圖時(shí)，begoingto含有預(yù)先計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備的意思；will則指未經(jīng)過預(yù)先思考或計(jì)劃，是臨時(shí)的一種決定。9在條件壯語從句中，begoingto表將來,will表意愿。例如：Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.如果你將要去旅行，最好盡快做好準(zhǔn)備。MissGaowilltellyoutheanswerifyouaskher.如果你去問高老師，她會(huì)告訴你答案。四、be+不定式表將來，表示客觀安排或受人指示而將要做某事。例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。五、beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀A(yù).writesA.writesB.haswritten語連用。例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他馬上要去北京。鞏固練習(xí)：ThereA.willbegoingtoC.isgoingtobeCharlieherenextmonth.ameetingtomorrowafternoon.B.willgoingtobeD.willgotobeA.isn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingHeverybusythisweek,heA.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeThereA.wasC.willhaveB.doesn'tworkingD.won'tworkfreenextweek.D.is;willbeadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.B.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtobefreetomorrow?youfreethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbeMothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.B.willgiveD.give—No.IA.willgivesC.gives—ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-.(不，不要。)A.No,youwon't.C.No,pleasedon't.Whereisthemorningpaper?Iifforyouatonce.A.getC.togetaconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.No,youaren't.D.No,please.B.amgettingD.willgetB.Willtherebe()1.()2.()3.()4.()5.()6.()7.()8.()9.()10.()11.()12.D.ThereareD.ThereareC.TherecanbeIftheycome,weA.haveameeting.B.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhaveC.hadHeherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.HeA.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogivingHetousassoonashegetsthere.

C.willwriteD.wrote)13.Heinthreedays.A.comingbackC.willcomebackB.camebackD.isgoingtocomingback)14.Ifittomorrow,we'llgoroller-skating.A.isn'trainB.won'trainC.doesn'trainD.doesn'tfine)15.—WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?不去).—No,A.theywilln't.B.theywon't.C.willwriteD.wrote)13.Heinthreedays.A.comingbackC.willcomebackB.camebackD.isgoingtocomingback)14.Ifittomorrow,we'llgoroller-skating.A.isn'trainB.won'trainC.doesn'trainD.doesn'tfine)15.—WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?不去).—No,A.theywilln't.B.theywon't.C.theyaren't.D.theydon't.)16.Whoweswimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go)17.Wetheworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing)18.Tomorrowheakiteintheopenairfirst,andthenboatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo)19.Thedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatching)20.ThereabirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeweD