2019考研復(fù)試英語口語講義

第一章考研復(fù)試英語概 一.考研復(fù)試英語口語概 二．考研復(fù)試英語筆試考試介 三．英語專業(yè)考研面試題 第二章復(fù)試口 第三章復(fù)試第四章英文自我介 第五章高頻英語問 第六章復(fù)試英語翻 第七章面試熱 一．熱點概 二．思路點 第一章考研復(fù)試英語一考研復(fù)試英語口語概況語言準(zhǔn)確A、B、C、D四個檔次評定（優(yōu)秀、良好、及格、不及格）優(yōu)秀--能用外語就指定的話題進(jìn)行口頭交流，基本沒有；影響交流小組討論：兩人或多人一組，就給定題目進(jìn)行討論看圖評論：作文，對單圖或組圖所承載的內(nèi)容評論。抽題：給定題目，抽到題目后在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備，然后朗讀翻譯：隨機(jī)文章朗讀，就文章內(nèi)容回答問材料問答：聽一段材料，根據(jù)內(nèi)容英語作答除此之外，還有人機(jī)等題型一般包括常規(guī)的英語筆試題和英語在英語能力的考查上，主要是以翻譯和為主。型。材料的選擇上，大六級材料是不錯的選擇。哲理性文章，亦或是某位的。站或報紙雜志，目的就是要考查考生閱讀外的能力。寫作：和初試簡單自我介紹及問題互動（考查考生口語水平視英漢交傳互復(fù)面試參考書目 系列，外語教學(xué)與研究《英漢視譯《基礎(chǔ)口譯《交替?zhèn)髯g《口譯一.口語基礎(chǔ)糾正自身發(fā)音，提高口語水平。英美音標(biāo)主要差異舉自主訓(xùn)練方練習(xí)繞口復(fù)述+跟讀+對比聽看熱身訓(xùn)練——繞口TongueTheraininSpainstaysinthe西班牙的雨落在平原Mikelikestowritelettersbythebrightmoonlightat喜歡在夜晚明亮的月光下/?/Shesellsseas sbytheseashore.Thes sshesellsaresurely 她在海邊賣貝殼。她賣的貝殼的確是海PeterPiperpickedapackofpickledpepperpreparedbyhisparentsputtheminabigpaperPeterPiper拿起一包他父母準(zhǔn)備的腌制的辣椒然后放在了一個大紙盤Threewitcheswerewatchingthreewristwatches.Whichwitchwatchedwhichwristwatch?三個女巫看著三塊手表。她們分別在看哪塊手表二.口試技留好第一印盡量積極主with”“Aconend”“Fr靈活應(yīng)對錯第三一.考試形式不單獨考查，與口語面試一起綜合考查考生的聽說能力能聽懂所熟悉領(lǐng)域的廣播電視、講座、和論述等。及其他一些英語考試的題型和難度。問題：究竟為何聽不懂二常考題型材料可能是一段獨白，也可能是一段、、。要求考生根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容從所給的三到四個選項中選取最佳選項。四六級白、、或內(nèi)容，填充空白?？疾榈男问娇赡苁菆D表、地聽要求考生根據(jù)所聽到的獨白或簡要回答所給出的問題三．制勝法的英語基本功和知識面有著密切聯(lián)系。提高水平不能一蹴而就，是一個循序漸進(jìn)、日積月累的過程，考生應(yīng)努力做到以3點：夯實英語基比如，tough在下面不同的搭配里，含義各不相同Shewashavingatoughtimewiththatdifficulttask.艱難的)Heisknownasatoughteacher.(嚴(yán)厲的)Mybossisatoughmantoconvince.(頑固的)Thecompetitionisreallytough.(激烈的)Cooperatingwithhimisatoughmatter.棘手的)注重背景知識的積聽懂材料有時并非全靠語言信息，而要同時借助一些與背景理解能力的一個重要因素。A：Whydon’tyougotoB：Well,I'lllyou.ThefirsttimeIwenttochurchtheythrewwaterinmyfaceandthesecondtimetheytiemetoawomanI’vehadtokeepeversince.A：Yes,andthenexttimeyougothey’llthrowdirton母將新生兒抱到教堂洗禮時，牧師將水潑到小孩臉上；“tiemetoawomanI’vehadtokeepeversince”指的是在教堂舉行了婚禮；“they’llthrowdirtonyou”指西方人死后由牧師做最后祈禱并向棺材撩土再進(jìn)行埋葬。如果不熟悉英家的文化背景知識，就會導(dǎo)致理解受注重訓(xùn)練方練習(xí)時切勿對照文字材料聽，聽完后再查缺補(bǔ)漏增強(qiáng)短時能力練習(xí)材每日英語（新概念英語三四冊英式版/口譯四．選擇題重點突題型簡選擇題一般包括幾段或獨白，內(nèi)容涉及生活、工作、、常見問題詢問具體細(xì)Who(What,When,Where,Accordingtothespeaker,what(which,why,概括短文Whatisthesubjectofthedialogue/monologue?Whatisthetopictheyaretalkingabout?Whatdoesthe l有關(guān)說話人情WhereistheWhoisthespeakerWhatopiniondoesthespeakerexpress?Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker?Wheredoyouthinkthisconversationtookplace?Accordingtothespeaker,which(what,when,why)...?做題技原文，可采用聽到什么選什么的方法。無中生有（出現(xiàn)原文中未提及的信息正反（選項的意思跟原文的意思相反答非所問（選項符合原文，但是不符合題干過分絕（出現(xiàn)all/ y/never/must/no等，若有緩和一般正確偷換概那么選項中出現(xiàn)消極的，與事實相反的肯定不是答案。舉例處（for正確答案為原文的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，或利用同義詞的替換，或者正詞，如can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some等。考生的個人情況和口頭表達(dá)能力,不建議過長，1～2分鐘為宜關(guān)鍵部分：1.開頭語；2.基本信息；3.學(xué)業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)情況；4.實踐實習(xí)情況及工作經(jīng)歷；5.考生規(guī)劃及讀研展望；6.考生的性格和能力；7.考生的和；8.結(jié)束語。開頭語（禮貌破冰Distinguishedprofessors,GoodDearprofessors,Iamverygladtobehereforthisinterview.Dearprofessors,Ifeelsoglad/pleasedtomeetallofyouhere.基本信息（精簡概述考生的基本信息包括、畢業(yè)院校、所學(xué)專業(yè)IamLiLei.YoucancallmePeterifyou’dliketo.Iamfrom**UniversitymajoringinElectronicScienceandTechnology.資格考試準(zhǔn)備參與過的課題過（thesis）及科研活動（academicresearch）1）Whydoyouchoosethismajortofurtheryourstudy?2）Whatkindof shaveyougot?Whatareyourviewsontheprospectofthismajor?Whatisthebiggestchallenge?TalkaboutyourHaveyoueverdoneanyprojectsconcerningyourWhatisthegreatestdifficultyyouhaveevermetinyourlifeandhowdidyou eit?實踐實習(xí)情況及工作經(jīng)歷（數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)+與專業(yè)結(jié)合問及題目1）WhatdoyoudoforaPleaselmealittleaboutyourworkWhathaveyoulearnedfromthejobsyou考生規(guī)劃及讀研展這部分的回答可以這樣展開ThereasonformychoiceisIamdeeplyimpressedbythelearningatmosphereofthisuniversity.Iplantoconcentrateonstudyandresearchinmyprofessionalfield.AndIhopeIcanformasystematicviewof...andlayasolidfoundationformyfuturecareerafterthreeyearsofstudyinghere.Aftergraduation,Iwouldliketoworkasa....Ihopethatinfiveyearsaftergraduation,Ican....考生的性格和能細(xì)心（careful/conscientious）條理分明（ytical/logical）踏實（steady/earnest）責(zé)任心強(qiáng)（haveastrongsenseofresponsibility）很有幽默感（haveagreatsenseofhumor）精力充沛的（energetic/fullofvitality）Describeyourgreateststrengthand考生的和位置較隨意（開頭或結(jié)尾Doyouthinksparetimeisimportanttoyou?HowdoyouspendyourDoyoulikengthesethingswithagroupoffriendsorbyyourself?(Doyouliketobewithagroupofpeopleoralonewhenyou’refree?)Howdid einterestedinyourDoyouthinkhobbiesarebeneficialtosociallife?(Whatbenefitsdohobbieshaveona ’slife?)結(jié)束例如Iwouldbeveryhonoredifyoucouldgrantmetheopportunitytostudyinthisuniversity.That’sallaboutme.Thankyou!**Universityboastsexcellentteachingfacultyandadvancedfacilitiesforlearning**.Hence,itisdefiniythebestchoiceformypostgraduatestudies.Ibelieve,ledbythedistinguishedprofessorsandscholarshere,I’llgofurtheron**andcontributeto**.Thankyouagainforgivingmethechanceforthisinterview.Mynameis().I’mfrom(學(xué)校),majoringin(專業(yè)).Asastudent,amtalentedanddiligent.Iknowtogetahead,Ishouldworklonghoursandtakeshortvacations.Throughmypersistentefforts,Ihavegainedthefirst-classscholarship,andwonmanyprizesinvariouskindsofcontests.Thankyou.【范例1】MPAcc專業(yè)（會計專業(yè)MasterofProfessionalDistinguishedprofessors,goodmorning/afternoon,itismygreathonortobehereforthisinterview.Mynameisxx,I'mnowapplyingfortheMPAccofyouresteemeduniversity.Duringmyfour-yearcollegelife,apartfromlearningrequiredcourses,IhavebeenfocusingonlearningEnglishandmaths.IpassedtheCET-6andmymathstestswithextraordinarygrades,whicharethebestevidencetoprovemygreateffortsinacquiringknowledge.Undertheinfluenceofmyfamily,IhavebeenexposedtoAccountingsinceIwasalittlechild.IlearnedthecourseofPrinciplesofAccounting(會計原理)whenIwasaseniorstudentincollegeandgotthefirstplaceinfinalexamination.Besides,IalsopassedtheCPA(CertifiedPublicAccountant)examthroughmypersistentefforts.Yetintheme Irealizedmylimitationsinknowledge.Hence,IhopetopursuefurthereducationandbeabletostudyandlearnmorevaluablethingsinmypostgraduateIntermsofmyprofessionalpractice,IjustcompletedaninternshipatoneofthelargestaccountingfirminBeijing.Duringmyinternship,Iwasmainlyresponsibleforsomebasicworks,suchasbookkee(簿記，登錄賬目accounting(結(jié)算，清賬reportingtaxreturns(報稅andsoon.Inthiswholeprocess,notonlydidIknewmyselfandmybetter,butalsodevelopedsomespecificgoalstohelpmeprogressalongacareerplan.Whenitcomestomysocialpractice,Ihadparticipatedin**contestwithmyteachersandclassmates,andwonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.Thisexperiencenotonlyenhancedmyabilityofteamcooperation,butalsohelpedmerealizetheimportanceofperseverance.Thankyouforyourtimeand【范例2】法碩（學(xué)Goodmorning/afternoon,professors.It’smypleasuretoattendthisinterview.Mynameisxx,fromthebeautifulIceCityHarbin.AlthoughIfailedintheCollegeEntranceExamination,Ididn’tgiveup.SoIcontinuedwithmystudy,tookpartintheself-taughtexaminationandgotmyBachelor’sDegreeofLawinxxUniversity.ThenI’dliketointroducemyselffromthefollowingfourparts:myacademicstudy,mypractice,mystrongpointsandmyfutureplan.Asformyacademicstudy,ImajoredintheScienceofLaw.ThroughyearsofstudyinLaw,Igotalotofbasicprofessionalknowledge,andI’mespeciallyinterestedinCivilandCommercialLaw(民商法).Duringthetimeofmystudy,Ihavereadagreatnumberoflawbooksfromhomeandabroad,suchasSpiritofLaw,OnCrimeandPunishment,DeliverKnowledgeofLawtotheRuralAreas,etc.Mygraduationthesiswasxx,tutoredbyProf.xx,fromSchoolofLawinxxWithregardtomypractice,I'vestudiedScienceofLawformanyyearsandatthesametimeI'veobtainedalotofexperienceinpractice.Ifirstworkedasalawyer’ssecretaryinaLawOffice.Thisjobmademelearnmoreaboutlaw,andmadememorepatient,perseveringandcareful.ThenIworkedasalegalspecialistinamedicalcompany,andmyworkincludeddrawingupandrevisinglegalinstrument,checkingthecontract,draftinglawsuitandcontrollingthedangerofbusinessoperation.Ilovemyjob,becauseIcanhelppeoplesolvetheirlegaldisputesortheirproblemswithmyprofessionalknowledge,andthismakesmefeelgreat.Inmysparetime,IbecameavolunteerintheNewSunshineAssistantOrganization,takingchargeofthecommunicationbetweenleukemiapatientsandtheirdoctors.Inthepractice,Irealizedhowpreciouslifeis,understoodhowthedoctorsdevotedthemselvestotheircareer,andalsorealizedhowimportantcommunicationis!Workingasavolunteer,Ilearnttobepatient,politeandAsformystrongpoints,IknowweneedtobeversatiletalentsintheLawfield.Soinmysparetime,Imanagedtoobtainmylegalprofessionalqualification,accountingqualificationandthesecuritiesqualification .Meanwhile,Irealizedmydeficiencyinacademictheory,somybiggestdreamisto eapostgraduatestudentintheSchoolofLawinxxUniversity.Sinceitsfoundationinxx,guidedbythethoughtthat“……”,xxUniversityhasattachedgreatimportancetoclosecombinationofLaw,PoliticsandEconomy.IhavetheconfidencethatmyeducationbackgroundreallyconformtothelawspiritofxxUniversity.Intermsofmyfutureplan,IknowtheScienceofLawisasubjectcombinedwithscientifictheoriesandobjectivepractices.Tolearnitwell,oneneedsgreatpatience,care,concentration,perseverance,confidence,willpowerandendurance.IfI’mfortunateenoughtobeamemberofSchoolofLawinxxUniversity,I’lltrymybesttoimprovemyself.I’llreadmoreprofessionalbooks,enrichmyprofessionalknowledge,learnlegalEnglishinmysparetime,takeanactivepartinlegalpracticeandimprovemyprofessionalskills.IhopeIcanputwhatIlearnintopracticeinthefuture.IhopethatthehonorableprofessorscouldacceptmyapplicationsoIcouldbeadmittedbySchoolofLawinthisuniversity.Ifso,I’llcontinuetoworkhardtorepayoursocietyandcontributemyselftoChina’slegalprofessionaftergraduation.Thanksa3】護(hù)理學(xué)專Goodmorning/afternoon,distinguishedprofessors!Itisreallyagreathonorformetobeheretoforthisinterview.First,pleaseallowmetomakeabriefself-introduction.Mynameisxx,23yearsold.Icomefromxx,andIgraduatedfromxxUniversitymajoringinDuringmycollegeyears,IstudiedhardandobtainedCet-4,Cet-6sandNationallevel2computer Asanursingstudent,Ilovemymajor.IhadanexperienceasanurseinxxHospitalforeightmonths,duringwhichIwitnessedthepatients'painanddesperation.Theirsufferingsmakemerealizethathealth-careworkerscanandhavetheresponsibilitytoshowaprofessionalandqualifiednursingservicetopatients,aswellasunderstandingandcare.Inaddition,Ialsoworkedinpeople'shospitalofxxcityasahospitalguide.Itexercisesmyabilitytobetterobserveandrespondtodifferentpatients.Italsohelpsmelearnhowtotimelyandaccuraymeetthedemandofpatientsasmuchaspossible.Inmyfuturecareer,Iwillcontinuetoshowmypassioninnursingcareerandstrivetobearesponsiblenursewhocanprovidehigh-qualitycareforpatients.Withdeeperunderstandingofprofessionalknowledge,especiallytheproblemsencounteredduringtheinternship,Ifindthatmyknowledgeislimited.Therefore,Iameagertoseekabroaderandmoreprofessionalplatformtohelpmegrowandpractice.Iwillsparenoeffortsto eaqualifiednurseinthefuture.Ireallyappreciateitifyoucouldgivemethechancetostudyhere.IfIhavethehonortostudyinyouruniversity,Iwilltrymybesttoexpandmyprofessionalhorizonsandfurtherimprovepracticalskills.Thatismyself-introduction.Thanksagainforsharingyourtimewith第五章高頻英語問常考話題整體概高頻問題大學(xué)成績、比賽獲獎、實習(xí)/缺點及失敗經(jīng)alWheredoyoucomeWhatkindoflandscapesurroundsyourhometown?Couldyou lmesomethingaboutyourfamily?Canyou lmeaboutyourhometown?Whatdoyouusuallydoinyoursparetime?Whatareyourhobbies?Haveyoutraveledmuch?Wherehaveyoubeen?Whichplaceinterestedyoumost?CanyoutalkaboutyourMotiveWhydoyouchoosetofurtheryourstudy?Whydoyouchooseouruniversity?WillyouchoosetogetaPhDdegreeafteryougraduate?Whatdoyouwanttodoafteryourstudy？Iftherewereanopportunityofstudyingabroad,whatwouldyouDoyouhavecareerplansforshorttermandlongShouldyoustudymoretheoriesordomorepractices?Giveyourreasons,Whatisyourmajor?Howdoyoulikeyourmajor?Whydoyouwanttochangeyourmajor?Whichisthebestcourseinyouruniversity?Doyouhaveanyresearchexperience?lmesomethingaboutyourWhatkind shaveyouIfyoufailedthistime,whatwouldyoudointhenearfuture?Canyouexplainwhydoyouretakethisexam?Whatisyour ?？荚掝}思路點高頻問題Could lmesomethingaboutyourWhatdoyourfamilymembersdoforaliving?Whatdoyouandyourfamilyliketodotogether?家庭相關(guān)的問題，重點展示家人（尤其是父母）在某些方面（案例展示Therearethreemembersinmyfamily:myparentsandMyfatherisatechnicianinShanghaiTVstation.Heisverybusybuthekeepsreadingforsomanyyearsjusttoenrichhisknowledge,whichaffectsmemost,notjustthewayoflearning,butalsotheattitudetoprofession,aswellasthepersistencetodream.Hispersistenceinspiresmypursuitoffurtherstudy.(affectsb.可換為exertasubtleinfluenceonsb.Mymotherisanurseinahospital.Sheletsmeknowhowtobeindependentandconsiderate.Loveisnottheonlythingthatmyparentsgiveme.Theyhavealsotaughtmetheattitudetowardslifeandstudy.Duringmypreparationforcominghere,myparents’unconditionalloveandsupporthavealwaysbeenmypower,andIhopeIwillbeabletorepaytheminthefuture.高頻問題WhereareyouHowlonghaveyoulivedlmesomethingaboutyourIsthereanylocalspecialtyinyou答題思路案例展示Nanjing,aprominentplaceinChina,hasservedasthecapitalsofvariousdynastiesinancientChina,soithasaprofoundculturalbackground.Nanjingboastsmanyuniversitiesofhighquality,andsomeuniversitiesrankthetopfiveonthelistof100NationalKeyUniversities,suchasNanjingUniversity.Therearealsomanygreatheritagesites/historicalsites,includingtheialPalaceandSunYat-senMausoleum,whichattractfromallovertheworld.Besides,peoplehereareverypassionateandfriendly.Ifyougetthechancetobehere,itwillbemyhugepleasuretointroduceNanjingtoyou!MotiveHowdoyouplantostudyforyourpostgraduate答題思路案例展示Frommyown,thestudymethodisofvitalimportanceforresearch.Sotobeginwith/firstofall,Iwillchooseacertainapproachinmystudyareaunderyourguidance.Furthermore,Iwilldrawapragmaticresearchplanandtimeschedule,whichwillhelpmeformasystematicviewofmymajor.Lastbutnotleast,Iwillmakemyselfbefamiliarwiththelatestdevelopmentofthisareabyreadingasmanybooksandjournalsaspossible.Ifnecessary,IwillcontinuemyresearchandstudytoearntheDoctor’sDegree/PHDDegree.Whydoyouchooseouruniversitytofurtheryour答題思路案例展示IhavebeendeeplyimpressedbytheacademicatmosphereandthefacultyaswellasthepleasingenvironmentforthefirsttimeIcamehere.Asoneofthemostrenowneduniversitiesinourcountry,**Universityenjoysagoodreputationinmanyfieldsespecially**（較為有Throughfouryears’studiesinuniversity,IfindtheknowledgeIhavemasterednotenoughtosolvesomeparticularproblemsthoughIhavepleasingmarksinallthesubjects.Therefore,Ineedtochooseabiggerplatformtoimprovemyself.IthinkmypotentialinthisfieldcanbefullyreachedundertheguidanceofyourdistinguishedanderuditeDoyouhaveanyresearch答題思路Undertheguidanceofmyteachers,Ididresearchon......withmyclassmateswhenIwasasophomore,thisresearchaimedtostudyIntheprocessofresearch,everyonesparednoeffortstocompletethetask,myresponsibilitywasto**.Inordertofinishtheresearch,wereadandcheckedmanybooksandarticles,suchas**（查閱的文獻(xiàn)）Wealsoappliedthemethodof**(具體的方法)tosolvetheproblemsweencountered,suchas**.Eventually,wefoundthat**（解決的問題）couldbesolved,whichbroadenedmyprofessionalknowledgeandpolishedupmypracticalskills.Throughthisexperience,Ifindthatknowledgeislimitless,whichfirmsmydeterminationtofurthermystudy.lmesomethingaboutyour答題思路首先：簡要闡述的基本信息（綜述最后：該是否有需要改進(jìn)的地方或者是否獲獎等。案例展示Myundergraduatethesisisnamed**（名）.Itmainlytalksabout**.Duringpreparationforthisthesis,undertheguidanceofmydirector**，Ireadmanyrelevantarticlessuchas**and**,andreferredtosomeliterature,especiallythebook**,whichgavemelotsofenlightenment.Atlast,thispaperwaspublishedon**（所在地,andIluckilygainedthehonorof“**（榮譽(yù)稱號）”.Throughcompletingthisthesis,Ilearnedalot,notjusttheprofessionalaspects,butthewayofdealingwithallkindsofissues,whichhavelaidasolidfoundationformyfuturegraduatestudy.Ifyoufailedthistime，whatwouldyoudointhenear答題思路心態(tài)平和，保持冷Itisclearthatlifeisnotsuccessfulatalltimes.IfIcannotpassthetestthistime,itmeansthatIamnotperfecttosomeextent,notjustinprofessionalknowledge,butalsointhepracticalaspects.Iwillfaceupto(面對，正視)theissues,andreadmoreprofessionalbooksandpracticemyselfundertheguidanceofacquiredprofessions.Throughtheseways,Iwillsparenoeffortstocorrectimperfections.Regardlessofwhattheresultis,Iwillnevergiveuponpursuitof第六章復(fù)試英語翻一.英漢互(1854-1921)“(faithfulness/expressiveness/首先要忠實有邏輯不清、結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)象。勒（AlexanderF.Tytler）翻譯三原則transcriptoftheideasoftheoriginalwork.)譯文的風(fēng)格和筆調(diào)應(yīng)與原文的一致；（Thestyleandmannerofwritingshouldbeofthesamecharacterasthatoftheoriginal.）譯文應(yīng)和原文同樣流暢（Atranslationshouldhavealltheeaseoftheoriginalcomposition.）英漢互譯步驟第一步：英語是樹狀結(jié)構(gòu)，先抽出“樹干”即主分；第三步：根據(jù)相應(yīng)順序?qū)⒁馑即饋?，用地道的中文表達(dá)第一步：打破中文流水句，分清主次，先找到句子主謂部二.英漢語（一）Chinese語義型語言(以意統(tǒng)形Meaning-focusedwithemphasisonimplicitcoherence（隱性連貫English形態(tài)型語言(以形馭意Form-focusedwithemphasisonexplicitSicknesscomeslikeanavalanche,butgoeslikereelingsilk.(Contrast,Opposition對照、轉(zhuǎn)折)Ifonehasnolong-termconsiderations,hewillfindtroubleathis(Condition條件我來時她已離開ShehadleftwhenIarrived.(TimeOrder時間先后)你死了，我做和尚去。（Ifyoushoulddie,Iwouldgoandbeamonk.他人老心不老Althoughhehasagedphysically,heremainsyoungat(Concession讓步（二）Chinese:wave-likediscourse（漢語的波式語段結(jié)構(gòu)structur（withriseandfallfreelylikewaveswithoutregularrules.English:tree-likesentence（英語的樹式句子結(jié)構(gòu)成分均為，由連接詞語與樹干相連，形成一棵完整的大樹。e.g.AtfirstMotherandIwouldn'tletFathersmoke.After( contracted()thefataldisease,()thoughtdifferently.()Just()smoke,()buythebestcigarettes,()smokewhenever()likedto.三.常用翻譯技在有關(guān)翻譯理論的專著和文章中，提到的翻譯技巧有很多種5)inversion(詞序調(diào)整法)7)negation(正說反譯,反說正譯法8)thechangeofvoices(語態(tài)變換法重復(fù)些可有可無的詞；有時為了明確、強(qiáng)調(diào)或生動，卻往往需要將一些為了強(qiáng)調(diào)重印象，漢譯英時往往可以采用同樣的重復(fù)。血債要用血來還為了生動重漢語中有大量四組，這是漢語的一大特點。四組比較精Wehave yzeandsolve2）Alargefamilyhasits他老是磨磨蹭蹭，馬馬虎虎，脾氣又好得驚人，我們都對他毫辦法青青河畔草,郁郁園中柳。（古詩十九首增譯英譯漢練習(xí)1）IamlookingforwardtotheMuchofourmoralityisReadingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.漢譯英練習(xí)沒有研究就沒有發(fā)言權(quán)子曰:“學(xué)而不思則罔,思而不學(xué)則殆。虛心使人進(jìn)步,驕傲使人留得青山在,省譯 習(xí)慣表達(dá)法的詞,并不是把原文的某些思想內(nèi)容刪去。字母I代表“我”，O代表“欠”，U代表“你”他在寫學(xué)期時，遇到了重重詞類轉(zhuǎn)換而使譯文通順自然。比如名詞轉(zhuǎn)為動詞，形容詞轉(zhuǎn)為副詞，動詞轉(zhuǎn)【原文】The ernmentcalledfortheestablishmentofmoretechnical【譯文例2：【原文】Isyourfathera【譯文（名詞轉(zhuǎn)為動詞【原文】Sheisareal【譯文例4：【原文】Weareenemiesofall【譯文（名詞轉(zhuǎn)為動詞英譯漢時詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的是根據(jù)需要將具有動作性的名詞轉(zhuǎn)換ThethoughtoffatmeatmakesmeAviewofthevillagecanbeobtainedfromthe3）IamafraidIcan’tteachyouswimming.IsupposemyyoungerbrotherisabetterteacherthanIam.4）畫馬畫得特別好語言這個東西不是隨便可以學(xué)好的,一定要少說空話,詞序調(diào)整Inversion:Byinversionintranslationwemeanthattheconstituentelementsofasentencearearrangedinwaydifferentfromthegeneralrulesofwordorderofthelanguageinquestion.例如一直在一旁的小學(xué)生們開始鼓起掌來Negation:Itmeansintranslationsomewords,phrasesorsentenceswithnegativeexpressioninSLmaybetransformedintoaffirmativeexpressioninTL.Viceversa,someaffirmativeexpressioninSLmaybetransformedintonegativeexpressioninTL,tomaketheversionclearerandmoreexplicit.反說英語詞句中含有“never”,“no”,“non-”,“un-”,“im-”,“ir-”,“-less”等成漢語詞句中含“不，沒，無，未，別，休，莫，非，勿，毋等成1）明天不會來了SherefrainedfromShewasrefusedadmittancebyAnopportunityisnotlikelytorepeat分譯Division:Itmeansthenecessarysplittingofalongsentenceintoshorterones.少年是一去不復(fù)返的，等到精力衰時，要做學(xué)問也來不及了。《不要拋棄學(xué)問》Youthwillsoonbegonenevertoreturn．Anditwillbetoolateforyoutogointoscholarshipwheninyourdecliningyears．Afterall,Fatherisworldly-wise．Heisableto lataglancewhetherhisdaughterhasgotaboyfriendofcharacter.Lookingthroughthewindow，shesuddenlyspottedaboatmooredtothebank．Inittherewasaboatmanfastasleep．聲速隨溫度的升降會有輕微的增減，但不受氣壓的影響Thespeedofsoundincreasesslightlywithariseintemperatureandfallsslightlywithadecreaseintemperature.ItisnotaffectedbythepressureoftheIdon’tknowwhatrelationexistsbetweentheseasonandmarriage，butthenumberofmarriagesismuchgreaterfromearlywintertospringthaninotherseasons.Maybethisistheseasonofmarriagepeopleusually變主動－－－主動變英語比漢語用的語態(tài)；把語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換成主動語態(tài)；Meanwhilerefreshmentshadbeen當(dāng)下茶果已撤，命兩個老嬤嬤帶了去見兩個母舅。NowtherefreshmentshadbeenclearedawayandtheLadyDowagerorderedtwonursestotakeDaiyutoseehertwouncles.Bynowproposalsofallkindswerebeing已葬入祖墳了，諸事停妥，的LinRuhaihadbeenburiedintheancestralgraveyardandhisfuneralcompleted,JiaLianwasabletostartbackforthecapital.注意英語常用句型的漢語習(xí)慣譯法Itishopedthat… Itisreportedthat… 據(jù)……Itissaidthat… Itissupposed 據(jù)推測Itmustbeadmittedthat…必須承認(rèn)……Itmustbepointedoutthat…必須……Itisassertedthat…有人主張……Itisbelievedthat… Itiswellknownthat… Itwillbesaidthat… Itwastoldthat… Iwastold 我聽說進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備二.思路點【熱點概述】摘選自《新華網(wǎng)8月10日電日前，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)教育部等部門《教育部直屬師范大學(xué)師范生公費教育實施辦法》（以下簡稱《辦育“”【模擬題你怎樣看待師范生“免費教育”升級為新時代“公費教育Whatdoyouthinkofthechangeofnormaluniversitystudentsfrom“freeeducation”tonewera“ ernment-paideducation”?【解題思路在促進(jìn)教育公平，尤其是中西部地區(qū)的教育公平?！掇k法》從選師范專業(yè)本科生實行的由財政承擔(dān)其在校期間學(xué)費、住宿費并給予生活費的培養(yǎng)管理制度。Thetopicisbasedonthefactthatsixkeynormaluniversitieshave their stimulatingeducationequalityesp.incentralandwesternregions.The ernment-paideducationpolicyfromsuchaspectsasselection,service,encouragementandsafeguardmechanism.Tobemoreexact,thecentralernmentwillpaythetuitionfees, modationandpartoflivingcostsforstudentsfromthesixnormal erneddirectlytheMinistryofTheMeasurescandatebackto2007,whensixnormaluniversitieserneddirectlybytheMinistryofEducationsuchasPekingNormal ernment-paideducation”.Thisprogramhasprovidedwell-qualifiedexcellentteachersforlocaleducationcontinuouslyandiswarmlyedbylocaleducationaladministration,localschoolsand當(dāng)然該《辦法》產(chǎn)生的意義也是深遠(yuǎn)的Ofcourse,theMeasureshasaprofoundTheprogramrealizedthegoalofexploringthenewsystem,gatheringexperiencesandsettingexamples;itplayedaroleinoptimizingteachertrainingandperfectingencouragementpolicytoexcellentstudents.Asaresult,about40,000graduatesgotoruralprimaryandhighschoolstoteachchildreneveryyear.Sothisprogramhasaremarkablesocialeffectonimprovingandbalancingteachingstaffinundevelopedareasandonhelstudentsfromhumblefamiliestorealizetheiruniversity同時《辦法》有利于吸引樂教、適教的優(yōu)秀人才選擇教育事Meanwhile,theprogramhelpstoattractthosewhoarewillingtosuitabletoteachto eteachersinprimaryandhighschools.Studentscanbeadmittedaccordingtothemethodandprogramregulatedbydifferentuniversities,thentheycanchoosetheirmajorsaccordingtotheregulations.Suchprocesscanhelptoselectthosewhoarewillingandsuitabletoteach,andprovidethepolicyguaranteeforwell-qualifiedstudentsto eteachers.Inaword,thereleaseoftheMeasuresofNormalUniversityStudents’ernment-paidEducationpromotestheteachers’socialstatus,attractsmorepeopletoteach,balancestheallocationofeducationalresourcesandgreatlystimulateseducationequality.【熱點概述影視業(yè)健康發(fā)展。影視行業(yè)主管部門要加強(qiáng)，對影視參與綜藝、親子類、等進(jìn)行調(diào)控，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)視加大對偷逃稅行為的懲戒力度【模擬題請你談?wù)劶哟髮ν刀愄佣愋袨榈奶幜P的Howdoyouseeintensifyingdisciplinarymeasurestotax【解題思路偷稅是指故意，采用、隱瞞等方式逃避Thedefinitionoftaxevasionisthattaxpayersdeliberayviolatetaxregulationstoreducetheirtaxliabilitybydeceivingandconcealing.Taxdodging,orillegaltaxhiding,meansthatthetaxpayersrefusetopayorreducetheirtaxbyviolatingthetaxregulations.Thetwoactionsabovearebothinjurioustothenational