2020年12月英語四級選詞填空真題及答案

文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡收集整理.word版本可編輯.2016年12月英語四級選詞填空真題及答案第一套PARTIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare“male”and“female”brains,believingthatexplainsjustabouteverydifferencebetweenthesexes.Anewstudy26thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers27forsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrainAndwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor28brainsas“male”or“female”,researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegender-based29,manydifferenttypesofbraincan'talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.Whilethe“average”maleand“average”femalebrainswere30different,youcouldn'ttellitbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall31ofpeoplehad“all-male”or“all-female”characteristics.LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist（神經(jīng)科學家），saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning32beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,33ofgender.“There'samountainofevidence34theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,”hetoldTheSeattleTimes.Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy35thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain—“evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow.”Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.It'sourguiltypleasure:WatchingTVisthemostcommoneverydayactivity,afterworkandsleep,inmanypartsoftheworld.AmericansviewfivehoursofTVeachday,andwhileweknowthatspendingsomuchtimesitting（36）canleadtoobesity（肥胖癥）andotherdiseases,researchershavenowquantifiedjusthow（37）beingacouchpotatocanbe.Inananalysisofdatafromeightlarge（38）publishedstudies,aHarvard-ledgroupreportedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationthatforeverytwohoursperdayspentchannel（39）,theriskofdevelopingType2diabetes（糖尿?。﹔ose20%over8.5years,theriskofheartdiseaseincreased15%overa（40）,andtheoddsofdyingprematurely（41）13%duringaseven-yearfollow-up.Allofthese（42）arelinkedtoalackofphysicalexercise.Butcomparedwithothersedentary（久坐的）activities,likeknitting,viewingTVmaybeespecially（43）atpromotingunhealthyhabits.Forone,thesheernumberofhourswepasswatchingTVdwarfsthetimewespendonanythingelse.Andotherstudieshavefoundthatwatchingadsforbeerandpopcornmaymakeyoumorelikelyto(44)them.Evenso,theauthorsadmitthattheydidn'tcomparedifferentsedentaryactivitiesto(45)whetherTVwatchingwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseorearlydeathcomparedwith,say,reading.A)climbedB)consumeC)decadeD)determineE)effectiveF)harmfulG)outcomesH)passivelyI)previouslyJ)resumeK)sufferedL)surfingM)termN)terminalsO)twisting參考答案解析：passively解析：sittingpassively被動坐著從詞性判斷，36題應該選一個副詞來修飾sitting這個動名詞，而備選項中只有兩個副詞，一個是passively被動地，一個是previously之前，再根據(jù)語義邏輯，坐著那看電視的行為應該是一種被動行為，而不存在前后之分。harmful解析：quantifiedjusthowharmfulbeingacouchpotato量化長時間看電視的嚴重危害通過分析how()beingacouchpotatocanbe這句話的句子成分，得出how這個副詞之后應該接一個形容詞，符合詞性條件的備選項，一個是effective有效的，一個是harmful有害的。根據(jù)語義邏輯，長時間看電視是有害的，故選harmful。previously解析：previouslypublishedstudies之前公布的研究38題空格處應該填一個副詞來修飾published這個詞，參考36題的解析，備選項中現(xiàn)在只剩下一個副詞就是previously，剛好填入此處。surfing解析：spentchannelsurfing，直接翻譯為在頻道沖浪，意譯為看電視。這里的channel頻道指代television電視；而“surfing沖浪”指代“watching看”，我們經(jīng)?？吹缴暇W(wǎng)常用surfing一詞，這里運用了仿詞，將“上網(wǎng)沖浪”的surfing借過來用來指“看電視“。以上可以理解為英語中的委婉表達。decade解析：increased15%overadecade10年增加了15%。40題后面出現(xiàn)了一個詞并列連詞and,說明本句存在并列關系。通讀此句，40題在over之后應該填一個表示時間的名詞，這樣才能和前文over與后文duringaseven-yearfollowup形成并列，備選項中只有decade符合條件。climbed解析:theodds...climbed13%幾率增加了13%。解析同40題，根據(jù)and所指向的并列關系，前文說某一種風險增加了20%，某一種風險的增加了15%，此處空格也應該填一個表示上升的動詞，備選項只有climbed，爬升。outcomes解析：alloftheseoutcomes所有這些后果。此題填outcomes，是對前文各種疾病風險的概括。effective解析：beespeciallyeffectiveatpromotingunhealthyhabits更容易形成不健康的習慣。beeffectiveatdoing有效做某事。這里是諷刺用法，用來強調看電視更容易形成不健康的習慣。consume解析：makeyoumorelikelytoconsumethem使你更有可能吃他們，這里注意them指前文出現(xiàn)的beer啤酒和popcorn爆米花，又能表示喝啤酒，又能表示吃爆米花的詞只有consume。consume消費，也只吃喝（東西）。determine解析：通過句法分析，本句應該填寫動詞原形，放在to不定式符號之后。備選項中有3個動詞原形，其中consume已經(jīng)填在了44題，在剩下的resume恢復和determine決定之間，根據(jù)語義，應選擇determine。Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs__1__questions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis“conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome__2__ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetween__3__andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeople__4__withthetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis__5__inthetext.Thelatterrepresents__6__levelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis__7__important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas__8__toa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe__9__weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell__10__.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.[A]opposed[B]converse[C]equallyD]written[E]developed[F]strategies[G]compared[H]awake[I]higher[J]expectations[K]deal[L]absolutely[M]aware[N]better[O]further參考答案：1.O2.M3.J4.B5.D6.I7.C8.A9.F10.EDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops（啤酒花）,forexample,whichgivemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,area26recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasmentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda27ingredientinresidue（殘留物）from5000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.Whileexcavatingtwopitsatasiteinthece