昆蟲學(xué)常用專業(yè)詞匯

SPECIALENGLISHFORENTOMOLOGY第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用專業(yè)詞匯

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Entomology/InsectologyGeneralentomology/BasicentomologyAppliedentomology/EconomicentomologyEntomologytechnologyPalaeoentomology古昆蟲學(xué)Culturalentomology

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Generalentomology/BasicentomologyInsectmorphologyInsectbiologyInsecttaxonomyInsectphysiologyInsectecology

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Appliedentomology/EconomicentomologyAgriculturalentomologyApicultureSericultureResourcesentomologyInsecttoxicologyPlantchemicalprotectionInsectpathologyBiologicalcontrolofinsectpestsForestentomologyStoredproductsentomologyMedicalentomologyUrbanentomologyVeterinaryentomology獸醫(yī)昆蟲學(xué)Forensicentomology法醫(yī)昆蟲學(xué)Environmentalentomology

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯InsectmorphologyHead—antenna,compoundeyes,ocellus,mouthpart(chewing/bitingmouthpart;piercing-suckingmouthpart),sensoryorganThorax—prothorax,mesothorax,metathoraxforelegs,middlelegs,hindlegs,forewings,hindwings,veins,venationwalking,jumping,digging,grasping,pollen-carrying,swimming,clasping,climbinglegsmembranous,piliferous,lepidotic,fringed,tegmen,hemielytron,elytron,halterwingsAbdomen—ovipositor,copulatoryorgan,cerciAppendage附肢

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯InsectbiologyEgg,nymph,larva,larvae,stage/stadiuminstarpupa/pupae,adult,male,female,Hatch,GrowthMoultExuvia蛻PupatingEmergence/eclosion,mating,duration,oviposition,fecundity,reproduction,

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯InsectbiologyMetamorphosis—incompletemetamorphosis;completemetamorphosisLifehistory—annuallifehistory,generationallifehistorylifecycle,generation,life-span,generationoverlapdormancydiapauseoverwinter

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectphysiology

Integument體壁DigestivesystemCirculatorysystemExcretorysystemmalpighian馬氏管Respiratory/trachealsystem呼吸（氣管）系統(tǒng)

spiracle氣門ReproductivesystemNervoussystemnervecell，centralnervoussystem，electricaltransmission，chemicaltransmission,cholinesterase(膽堿酯酶，Ache)Hormone昆蟲激素moltinghormoneMH蛻皮激素juvenilehormoneJH保幼激素Ectohormone昆蟲外激素－semiochemical信息化學(xué)物質(zhì)

pheromone信息素，allelochemical異種化感物

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectecology生物因子bioticfactor,bioticcomponent非生物因子abioticfactor,abioticcomponent食物鏈foodchain食物網(wǎng)foodweb負(fù)二項(xiàng)分布negativebinomialdistribution營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)trophiclevel生境habitat小生境microhabitat生境選擇habitatselection生態(tài)分布ecologicaldistribution嗜食性foodpreference生態(tài)閾值ecologicalthreshold生態(tài)適應(yīng)ecologicaladaptation生態(tài)對(duì)策ecologicalstrategy生態(tài)演替ecologicalsuccession昆蟲群落insectcommunity

種群結(jié)構(gòu)populationstructure

種群密度populationdensity種群增長(zhǎng)populationgrowth

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectecology競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competition食物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)foodcompetition限制因子limitingfactor密度制約因子densitydependentfactor非密度制約因子densityindependentfactor種群動(dòng)態(tài)populationdynamics生命表lifetable年齡特征生命表age-specificlifetable時(shí)間特征生命表time-specificlifetablefactor-specificlifetable邏輯斯諦增長(zhǎng)logisticgrowth生態(tài)型ecotype死亡率mortality存活率survivalrate存活曲線survivalcurve關(guān)鍵因子分析key-factoranalysis世代時(shí)間generationtime周限增長(zhǎng)率finiterateofincrease

內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)力(率)innatecapacityforincrease世代重疊generationoverlap

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectecology均勻分布uniformdistribution隨機(jī)分布randomdistribution泊松分布Poissondistribution核心分布contagiousdistributionK選擇K-selectionK對(duì)策昆蟲K-strategistR選擇r-selectionR對(duì)策昆蟲r-strategist捕食作用predation捕食者predator獵物prey

發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度

thresholdtemperature,thermalthreshold,developmentzero有效積溫法則lawofeffectivetemperature功能反應(yīng)functionalresponse寄生parasitism內(nèi)寄生endoparasitism外寄生ectoparasitism重寄生epiparasitism宿(寄主)主host二次寄生secondaryparasitism社會(huì)性昆蟲socialinsects

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectecology優(yōu)勢(shì)種

dominantspecies地方種endemicspecies本地種indigenousspecies外來(lái)種exoticspecies關(guān)鍵種keystonespecies入侵種invasivespecies瀕危種endangeredspecies

稀有種rarespecies共生symbiosis過冷卻點(diǎn)supercoolingpoint遷飛migration遷出emigration遷入immigration

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Insectecology抗生作用

antibiosis異種化感allelopathy

又稱“他感作用”。蟲癭gall,cecidium有害生物綜合治理

integratedpestmanagementIPM經(jīng)濟(jì)閾值economicthreshold生態(tài)治理ecologicalmanagement自然控制naturalmanagement自然抑制naturalsuppression助增釋放augmentationrelease保育conservation

檢疫quarantine檢疫區(qū)quarantinearea

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Agriculturalentomology

PestsLepidopteraworm,butterfly,moth,leafroolerbagwormCutworms夜蛾caterpillarfruit-piercingmothsleafminerColeopterabeetle,Weevil象鼻蟲chaferselephantbeetlelonghornlongicorn/long-hornedbeetlePestsfruitfly,

gallmidgeleafminerthrip,mite,termite，locustStinkbug/bug

cricket,MolecricketGrubsHomopterascale,armouredscaleswhitefly,mealybug,aphid,psyllid/psyllaPlantleafhoppercicada,

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯NaturalenemiesPredator:LadybirdbettlePredatory/predacious/mites/thripsGreenlacewingsAntlionsParasite:Parasites/ParasitoidwaspPathogen/Entomopathogen:bacteriaFungiWhite-muscardineGreen-muscardinevirusnematodeparasitism

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯

第一講昆蟲學(xué)常用詞匯Integratedpestmanagement(IPM)QuarantineCulturalcontrolinterplant,rotation,windbreak,plantvigour,resistantvariety，fieldsan