大學(xué)英語四級真題第三套2

2017年12月大學(xué)英語四級真題及答案(第三套)PartIWriting(25minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonhowtobesthandletherelationshopbetweenteachersandstudents.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)HerfriendErika.C)Hergrandfather.B)Herlittlebrother.D)Hergrandmother.2.A)Bytakingpicturesforpassers-by.C)Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.Byworkingparttimeatahospital.D)Byaskingforhelponsocialmedia.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Findingcheaperwaysofhighwayconstruction.B)Generatingelectricpowerforpassingvehicles.C)Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.D)Testingtheefficiencyofthenewsolarpanel.A)Theycanstandthewearandtearofnaturalelements.B)Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.C)Theyareonlyabouthalfaninchthick.D)Theyaremadefromcheapmaterials.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Endlessfighting

intheregion.

C)Inadequate

funding

forresearch.Thehazardsfromthedesert.D)Thelackofcluesaboutthespecies.6.A)Toobservethewildlifeinthetwonationalparks.B)Toidentifythereasonsforthelions’disappearance.C)TostudythehabitatoflionsinSudanandEthiopia.D)Tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthe“l(fā)ostlions”.A)Lionswalking.C)Somecampingfacilities.B)Lions’tracks.D)TrapssetbylocalhuntersSectionBDirections：Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Her‘luckybirthday’.C)Herweddinganniversary.B)Acallfromherdad.D)Aspecialgiftfromtheman.9.A)Gaveherabigmodelplane.C)Tookheronatripoverseas.Boughtheragoodnecklace.D)Threwherasurpriseparty.10.A)Thegiftherhusbandhasbought.Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.Whathasbeentroublingherhusband.Whatherhusbandandthemanareupto.11.A)Hewillbegladtobeaguideforthecouple’sholidaytrip.B)Hewilltellthewomenthesecretifherhusbandagrees.C)Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple’sholidayturnsout.D)Hewantstofindoutaboutthecouple’sholidayplan.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.B)Theyseetheimportanceofmakingcompromises.C)Theyknowwhentoadoptatoughattitude.D)Theytaketherival’sattitudeintoaccount.A)Theyknowhowtoadapt.C)Theyknowwhentomakecompromises.Theyknowwhentostop.D)Theyknowhowtocontroltheiremotion.14.A)Theyarepatient.C)Theylearnquickly.B)Theyaregoodatexpression.D)Theyupholdtheirprinciples.15.A)Makeclearone'sintentions.C)Formulateone'sstrategy.B)Clarifyitemsofnegotiation.D)Gettoknowtheotherside.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),D).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)WhenAmerica'searliestspaceprogramstarted.B)WhentheInternationalSpaceStationwasbuilt.C)Howmanyspaceshuttlemissionstherewillbe.D)HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.A)Theyaccuratelycalculatedthespeedoftheorbitingshuttles.B)Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.Theytriedtomeetastronauts'specificrequirements.Theytriedtomakebestuseofthelatesttechnology.A)Theyareextremelyaccurate.C)Theywerefirstmadeinspace.Theyareexpensivetomake.D)Theywereinventedinthe1970s.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)ItwaswhenherancestorscametoAmerica.B)Peoplehadplentyoflandtocultivatethen.C)Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.D)Everythingwasnaturalandgenuinethen.20.A)Theybelievedinworkingforgoals.C)Theyhadallkindsofentertainment.Theyenjoyedlivingalivingalifeofease.D)Theywereknowntobecreative.21.A)Chattingwithherancestors.C)Polishingallthesilverwork.B)Furnishinghercountryhouse.D)Doingneedleworkbythefire.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Useamaptoidentifyyourlocation.C)Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself.Callyourfamilyorfriendsforhelp.D)Trytofollowyourfootprintsback.A)Youmayfindawayoutwithoutyourknowingit.B)Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.C)Youmaygetdrownedinasuddenflood.D)Youmayendupenteringawonderland.A)Lookforfood.C)Startafire.B)Waitpatiently.D)Walkuphill.25.A)Informsomebodyofyourplan.C)Checkthelocalweather.Prepareenoughfoodanddrink.D)Findamapandacompass.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aginghappenstoallofus,andisgenerallythoughtofasanaturalpartoflife.Itwouldseemsillytocallsuchathinga“disease.”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,scientistsareincreasinglylearningthatagingandbiologicalagearetwodifferentthings,andthattheformerisakeyriskfactorforconditionssuchasheartdisease,cancerandmanymore.Inthatlight,agingitselfmightbeseenassomethingtreatable,thewayyouwouldtreathighbloodpressureoravitamindeficiency.BiophysicistAlexZhavoronkovbelievesthatagingshouldbeconsideredadisease.Hesaidthatdescribingagingasadiseasecreatesincentivestodeveloptreatments.“Ituntiesthehandsofthepharmaceutical(制藥的)industrythattheycanbegintreatingthediseaseandnotjusttheside

soeffects,

”hesaid.“Rightnow,peoplethinkofagingasnaturalandsomethingyoucan’tcontrol,”hesaid.“INacademiccircles,peopletakeagingresearchasjustaninterestareawheretheycantrytodevelopinterventions.Themedicalcommunityalsotakesagingforgranted,andcandonothingaboutitexceptkeeppeoplewithinacertainhealthrange.”Butifagingwererecognizedasadisease,hesaid,“Itwouldattractfundingandchangethewaywedohealthcare.Whatmattersisunderstandthatagingiscurable.

”“It

wasalwaysknownthat

thebodyaccumulates

damage,”headded.“Theonly

wayto

cure

aging

isto

find

waysto

repair

thatdamage.Ithinkofitaspreventivemedicineforage-relatedconditions.

”LeonardHayflick,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,saidtheideathatagingcanbecuredimpliesthehumanlifespancanbeincreased,whichsomeresearcherssuggestispossible.Hayflickisnotamongthem.“There’remanypeoplewhorecoverfromcancer,stroke,orheartdisease.Buttheycontinuetoage,becauseagingisseparatefromtheirdisease,”Hayflicksaid.“Evenifthosecausesofdeathwereeliminated,lifeexpectancywouldstillnotgomuchbeyond92years.”Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutaging?A)Itshouldcausenotalarmwhatsoever.B)Theyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.C)Itshouldberegardedasakindofdisease.D)Theycandelayitwithadvancesinscience.domanyscientistsviewagingnow?Itmightbepreventedandtreated.C)Itresultsfromavitamindeficiency.B)Itcanbeasriskyasheartdisease.D)Itisanirreversiblebiologicalprocess.48.WhatdoesAlexZhavoronkovthinkof“describingagingasadisease”?A)Itwillpromptpeopletotakeagingmoreseriously.Itwillgreatlyhelpreducethesideeffectsofaging.Itwillfreepharmacistsfromtheconventionalbeliefsaboutaging.D)Itwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.49.Whatdowelearnaboutthemedicalcommunity?A)Theynowhaveastronginterestinresearchonaging.B)Theydifferfromtheacademiccirclesintheirviewonaging.C)Theycancontributetopeopleextent.

’shealthonlytoalimitedD)Theyhavewaystointerveneinpeople’sagingprocess.WhatdoesProfessorLeonardHayflickbelieve?A)Thehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.B)Agingishardlyseparablefromdisease.C)Fewpeoplecanliveuptotheageof92.D)Heartdiseaseisthemajorcauseofaging.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Femaleapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeoscienceswerecomparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.ChristopherIntagliatareports.Asinmanyotherfields,genderbiasiswidespreadinthesciences.Menscorehigherstartingsalaries,havemorementoring(

指導(dǎo)),

andhavebetteroddsof

being

hired.

Studies

showthey’realsoperceivedasmorecompetentthanwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)fields.Andnewresearchrevealsthatmenaremorelikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofrecommendation,too.“Say,youknow,thisisthebeststudentI’veeverhad,

”

saysKuheliDutt,asocialscientistanddiversityofficeratColumbiaUniversity

’sLamontcampus.

“Comparethoseexcellent

letters

withamerelygoodletter:

‘Thecandidate

wasproductive,

orintelligent,orasolidscientistorsomethingthat’sclearlysolidpraise,butnothingthatsinglesoutthecandidateasexceptionalorone

’ofakind.

”Duttandhercolleaguesstudiedmorethan1,200lettersofrecommendationforpostdoctoralpositionsingeoscience.Theywerealleditedforgenderandotheridentifyinginformation,soDuttandherteamcouldassignthemascorewithoutknowingthegenderofthestudent.Theyfoundthatfemaleapplicantswereonlyhalfaslikelytogetoutstandingletters,comparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.Thatincludeslettersofrecommendationfromallovertheworld,andwrittenby,yes,menandwomen.ThefindingsareinthejournalNatureGeoscience.Duttsaystheywerenotabletoevaluatetheactualscientificqualificationsoftheapplicantsusingthedatainthefiles.Butshesaystheresultsstillsuggestwomeningeoscienceareatapotentialdisadvantagefromtheverybeginningoftheircareersstartingwiththoselessthanout-standinglettersofrecommendation.“We'renottryingtoassignblameorcriticizeanyoneorcallanyoneconsciouslysexist.Rather,thepointistousetheresultsofthisstudytoopenupmeaningfuldialoguesonimplicitgenderbias,beitatadepartmentalleveloraninstitutionallevelorevenadisciplinelevel.”Whichmayleadtosomerecommendationsfortheletterwritersthemselves.51.Whatdowelearnaboutapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeosciences?A)Therearemanymoremenapplyingthanwomen.B)Chancesforwomentogetthepositionsarescarce.C)Moremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.D)Maleapplicantshavemoreinterestinthesepositionsthantheirfemalecounterparts.Whatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearchshow?Womenengagedinpostdoctoralworkarequicklycatchingup.Fewerwomenareapplyingforpostdoctoralpositionsduetogenderbias.MenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.WomenwhoarekeenlyinterestedinSTEMfieldsareoftenexceptional.Whatdothestudiesfindabouttherecommendationlettersforwomenapplicants?Theyarehardlyeversupportedbyconcreteexamples.Theycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.Theyprovideobjectiveinformationwithoutexaggeration.D)Theyareoftenfilledwithpraiseforexceptionalapplicants.54.WhatdidDuttandhercolleaguesdowiththemorethan1,200lettersofrecommendation?Theyaskedunbiasedscholarstoevaluatethem.Theyinvitedwomenprofessionalstoeditthem.Theyassignedthemrandomlytoreviewers.Theydeletedallinformationaboutgender.55.WhatdoesDuttaimtodowithherstudy?A)Raiserecommendationwriters’awarenessofgenderbiasintheirletters.Openupfreshavenuesforwomenpost-doctorstojoininreaserachwork.AlertwomenresearcherstoalltypesofgenderbiasintheSTEMdisciplines.D)Startapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomeninacademiccircles.

’sstatusPartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.黃山位于安徽省南部。它風(fēng)景獨(dú)到，尤以其日出和云海著稱。要賞識大山的宏偉壯麗，平時得向上看。但要賞識黃山美景，得向下看。黃山的濕潤天氣有益于茶樹生成，是中國主要產(chǎn)茶地之一。這里還有好多溫泉，其泉水有助于防治皮膚病。黃山是中國主要旅游目的地之一，也是拍照和傳統(tǒng)國畫最受歡迎的主題。參照答案：PartIWriting：Agoodteacher-studentrelationshipwillmakelearningandteachingenjoyableandinteresting.Bothteachersandstudentsshouldmakeeffortstobuildaharmoniousrelationship.Ontheonehand,theteacherplaysanessentialroleinsettingupagoodteacher-studentrelationship.Theteachershouldmotivatethestudentsandleadthemtobeinterestedinlearning.Agoodteachershouldbepatient,kindlyandstrict.Tookindlyortoostrictcanbebothharmful.Ontheotherhand,thestudentsshouldrespecttheirteachers,andpaymoreattentioninclasstolearnhowtosolveproblems.It’simportanttolearntoraisequestionsandworkoutproblemsinnewways.Agoodteacher-studentrelationshipbenefitsboththeteachersandthestudents,soit’svitalforthemtowordharder.PartIIListeningComprehensionHerlittlebrother.Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.Endlessfightingintheregion.Tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthe“l(fā)ostlions”.Lions’tracks.Aspecialgiftfromtheman.Threwherasurpriseparty.Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple’sholidayturnsout.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.Theyknowwhentostop.Theylearnquickly.Gettoknowtheotherside.HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.Theyareextremelyaccurate.?Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.Theybelievedinworkingforgoals.Doingneedleworkbythefire.Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself.Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.Walkuphill.Informsomebodyofyourplan.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)G)exposureL)levelsF)enrollO)participatedC)championshipsE)developingM)localN)operatesI)feedingB)career36H)tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedon'tknow.D).accordingtoleslie,curiosityisessentialtoonessuccess.O)weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledgessake39M)politicalleaders'lackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.B)thereareoftenaccusationsandthemediaslackofcuriositytofindoutthetruthL)thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.42.k)itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.J)abookshopascuriosityeadsuscanbeagoodwaytoentertainourselves.G)boththeriseoftheinternetandreducedappetiteforliteraryfictioncontributetopeople'sdecliningcuriosity.F)mankindwouldn'tbesoinnovativewithoutcuriosity.46-50：BADCA51-55:CCBDDwhatdovelieveaboutaging?b)the