初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Passivevoice

何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？

一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．Mybikewasstolen．二、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō)……Itissupposedthat…三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫來(lái)的。四、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：be

+done（助動(dòng)詞）（過(guò)去分詞）體現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)be+Vp.p(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）be動(dòng)詞隨時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)的變化而變化am/is/are

+V(過(guò)去分詞）was/were

+V(過(guò)去分詞）willbe

+V(過(guò)去分詞）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be

+V(過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞（規(guī)則和不規(guī)則）1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were+過(guò)去分詞3．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞4.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：S+will+be+過(guò)去分詞5.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞6．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：S+have/has+been+過(guò)去分詞7．I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+was/were+being+過(guò)去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+have/has+been+P.P.S+was/were+being+P.P.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken14.ThestudentsstudyGermaninthisschool.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem1)Teenagersshould_____(allow)togooutatnight.2)Thetel