大學(xué)英語綜合教程1(上冊)Unit 1 語言點(diǎn)和答案

Unit1CollegeLifeLearningObjectivesAfterfinishingthisunit,youshouldbeableto:analyzethestructureatsentenceandtextlevelsunderstandthemeaningsofthesuffixes—-ion,-ition,and-ation

applythereadingskill—guessingwordmeaningsthroughcontextclues

—toreadingtasksdealwithfragmentsandcorrecttheminwritingtaskstalkaboutcollegelifeI.BackgroundInformation HighereducationintheUnitedStates

ItreferstoavarietyofinstitutionsofhighereducationintheUnitedStates.StrongresearchandfundinghavehelpedmakeAmericancollegesanduniversitiesamongtheworld'smostprestigious,whichisparticularlyattractivetointernationalstudents,professorsandresearchersinthepursuitofacademicexcellence. AccordingtotheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity’sAcademicRankingofWorldUniversities,morethan30ofthehighest-ranked45institutionsareintheUnitedStates(asmeasuredbyawardsandresearchoutput).Publicuniversities,privateuniversities,liberalartscolleges,andcommunitycollegesallhaveasignificantroleinhighereducationintheUnitedStates.Anevenstrongerpatternseemstobeshownbythe2010WebometricsRankingofWorldUniversitieswith103USuniversitiesintheTop200.TextAWhyIsCollegeImportant？LanguagePoints

1.Afterall,collegeeducationisnotsomethingthatcomescheapanditdoestakeafewyearsbeforeanindividualcanstartearninghisorherownincome.(Para.1)afterall:

(1)inspiteofwhatyouthoughtwastrueorexpectedtohappenHewrotetosaytheycouldn’tgivemeajobafterall.Unionleadersannouncedthattheywould,afterall,takepartinthenationalconference.(2)usedtosaythatsthshouldberememberedorconsidered,becauseithelpstoexplainwhatyouhavejustsaidPrisonersshouldbetreatedwithrespect—theyarehumanbeingsafterall.Idon’tknowwhyyou’resoconcerned—itisn’tyourproblemafterall.2.Acollegedegreeopensupmanynewdoorsofemploymentinthefuture,eventhoughittakesabitlongertogetthere.(Para.1)Paraphrasing:Apersonwithagoodeducationalbackgroundwillhavemorechancesinthejobmarket,althoughthiswillcometrueinthefuture.eventhough:althoughEventhoughhe's24now,he'sstilllikealittlechild.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.Istilllookfat,eventhoughI'vebeenexercisingfairlyregularly.Theylikehimeventhoughherarelyhasanythingtosaytothem,directlyorthroughthemedia.

LanguagePoints

LanguagePoints3.Educationis,afterall,aninvestmentandthetimeinvestedinitwilleventuallytranslateintogreaterreturnsinthelongrun.(Para.2)Paraphrasing:Educationislikeaninvestment,andthemoretimeyouspendonit,themoreyouwillgetinthefuture.invest:investsthinsth Olivermadeafortunebyinvestinginantiquefurniture.WilliamsinvestedalargesumofmoneyinSwissstocks.Hehadinvestedheavily(=investedalotofmoney)inthebondmarket.translateinto:changesthTheseratestranslateintoareturnof8.5%helongrun:laterinthefuture,notimmediatelyMovingtoSpainwillbebetterforyouinthelongrun.Aheshortrun:inthenearfutureSufficientsupply,intheshortrun,willbeaproblem.4.Let’slookatafewreasonswhyobtainingacollegedegreeisvitallyimportantandbeneficial.(Para.3)beneficial:improvingasituation;havingahelpfulorusefuleffectbeneficialto/for Cyclingishighlybeneficialtohealthandtheenvironment.anarrangementthatismutuallybeneficial

(=ithasadvantagesforeveryonewhoisinvolved)LanguagePoints5.Allthesereasonshavedifferentattractionsfordifferentindividuals,butnomatterwhoyouareandwhereyoucomefrom,obtainingacollegedegreeissomethingyoushouldbesincerelyaimingfor.(Para.3)attraction:Beingyourownbossisoneoftheattractionsofowningyourownbusiness.nomatterwho/when/how/what/whether,etc.:usedtosaythatsthistrueorthatsthhappenswhateverthesituationisFeedingababyisamessyjobnomatterhowcarefulyouare.I'mdeterminedtovisitJapannomatterwhatitcosts.Hevisitedhereverydaynomattertheweather.Mypriorityistodrivethebusiness,bringintherevenue,nomatterwhatittakes.aimfor:tryorintendtoachievesthWe’reaimingforabigimprovement.Thepilotwasaimingfortherunwaybutcamedowninanearbyfield.LanguagePoints6.Employmentopportunitiesarefarbetterforsomeonewithacollegedegree,asemployersareassuredthatthispersonhasworkingknowledgeoftheirbusinessandcancopewithacompetitiveworkenvironmentaswell.(Para.4)copewith:beabletodealwithsthdifficultNosystemisdesignedtocopewiththefloodswehavehadthisyear.Mycomputercancopewithhugeamountsofdata.Shefearedshewouldn'tbeabletocopewithtwonewbabies.Lpetitive:Advertisingisanintenselycompetitivebusiness.Competitivesportsencouragechildrentoworktogetherasateam.Theteamseemstohavelostitscompetitiveedgerecently(=itsabilitytocompetewell).LanguagePointsLanguagePoints7.Mostcollegestudentsarejugglingtheircollegelifebetweenstudyingfortheirexamsandearningmoneythroughsmalljobstosupporttheircollegetuition.(Para.5)Paraphrasing:Formostcollegestudents,theyhavetodealwithstudyingfortheexamsandearningmoneytopayfortheirtuitionatthesametime.tuition:WhenIstartedcollege,tuitionwas$350aquarter.

LanguagePoints8.Theexperiencesonehasincollegereallytransformteenagersintoadults,andgearthemupfortherealworld.(Para.5)Paraphrasing:Thecollegeexperiencescanhelpteenagersturnintoadults,andhelpthemtoprepareforthefuturechallengesinreality.transform…into:completelychangetheappearanceorcharacterofsth/sbInthelast20years,Koreahasbeentransformedintoamajorindustrialnation.Themovietransformedheralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.LanguagePoints9.Withavastarrayofpeoplefromallwalksoflifeaccompanyinghim,heisboundtoseetheworldasitreallyisandlearntoacceptpeopleforwhattheyare.(Para.6)beboundto:becertaintodosthDon’tlietoher.Sheisboundtofindout.Whenyouaredealingwithsomanypatients,mistakesareboundtohappen.Butlikeeverythingonline,it’saworkinprogresssoitisboundtogetbetter.LanguagePoints10.Allstereotypesanddiscriminationwillbedroppedeventually,andthisiswhycollegeplaysalargepartinliberatingaperson’smind.(Para.6)Paraphrasing:Collegeisaplacethathelpsliberatepeople’sminds,andtheywillgetridoftheirpreviousstereotypesanddiscrimination.liberate:women’sfreedomtopursuecareersliberatedfromchildcaretheliberatingpowerofeducationLanguagePoints11.Thesearepeoplewithwhomtheindividualwillshareastrongbondfortherestofhisorherlife,anditwillalsohelpinbuildinganetworkofcareeropportunitiesinthefuture.(Para.7)Paraphrasing:Yourrelationshipwiththosepeoplewilllastfortherestofyourlife.Andthissocialnetworkwillhelpyoutogetmorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.bondbetween:

theemotional

bondbetweenmotherandchildbondwith:

theUnitedStates'specialbondwith

BritainLanguagePoints12.Obtainingacollegeeducationalsohelpsanindividualdeveloptheirconfidenceinthemselvesandgrowasadults.(Para.8)obtain:Furtherinformationcanbeobtainedfromheadoffice.Youwillneedtoobtainpermissionfromtheprincipal.confidence:Ourfirstpriorityistomaintainthecustomer’sconfidenceinourproduct.Thesurveyrevealsalackofconfidenceinthepolice.Shehadcompleteconfidenceinthedoctors.Opinionpollsshowthatvotershavelostconfidenceintheadministration.theschool’scampaigntowinbacktheconfidenceofparentsLanguagePoints13.Thisisaveryimportantdevelopmentforallfutureendeavors,andwillalsoprovidetheindividualwiththestrengthtosetforthintheworldanddowell.(Para.8)endeavor:Theymadeeveryendeavortofindthetwoboys.Despiteourbestendeavors,wecouldn’tstartthecar.setforth:setoutHesetforthanidealisticviewofsociety.Nonequitemeetsallthecriteriasetforthabove.LanguagePoints14.Allthesefactorsmakeacollegedegreevitallyimportant,andshouldencourageallhighschoolstudentstopursuehighereducation.(Para.8)pursue:Sheplanstopursueacareerinpolitics.Studentsshouldpursuetheirowninterests,aswellasdotheirschoolwork.pursueagoal/aim/objectiveetc.:

companiesthatpursuethetraditionalgoalofprofitsacampaignpromisetopursue

policiesthatwillhelpthepoorLanguagePoints15.Acollegedegreeopensupdoorstogreateravenuesandpossibilities,andthisisanaspectofeducationthatmustnotbeignoredatanycost.(Para.9)Paraphrasing:Havingacollegedegreemaybringalotofopportunitiestoindividuals,andpeopleshouldknowthebenefitsarefromeducation.avenue:Thepresidentwantstoexploreeveryavenuetowardspeaceintheregion.Therearemanyavenuesopentoresearchers.ignore:Youcan’t

ignorethefactthatmanycriminalsnevergotoprison.Thephonerang,butsheignoredit.Samrudelyignoredthequestion.Hehadcompletelyignoredherremark,preferringhisowntheory.LanguagePoints16.Withthehelpofthisarticle,wehopeeachofyouhavereceivedsatisfactoryanswerstothequestionWhyiscollegeimportant?(Para.9)satisfactory:Thereseemstobenosatisfactoryexplanation.Noneofthesolutionswasentirelysatisfactory.Marygotsatisfactorygradesandwasofferedaplaceatuniversity.I.TextStructure(1)toliveabetterlife(2)aninvestment(3)benefits(4)betterjobs(5)friends(6)opportunitiesPost-readingActivitiesII.ComprehensionCheck(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)B(5)CPost-readingActivitiesIII.Discussion(1)Howdoyouadaptyourselftocollegelife?(2)Whatarethebenefitsofhavingroommatesincollege?Post-readingActivitiesIV.LanguageFocusVocabulary—1(1)investment(2)discrimination(3)diploma(4)confidence(5)bonds(6)options(7)attractions(8)opportunities(9)employment(10)individualsVocabulary—2(1)confidence(2)pursue(3)ignore(4)competitive(5)beneficial(6)satisfactory(7)Inadditionto(8)beaccompanied(9)options(10)wasaimingforPost-readingActivitiesIV.LanguageFocusStructure(1)Don’tlietoher,becausesheisboundtofindout.(2)Nomatterwhereheis,hewillbethinkingofyou.(3)TheNationalEducationAssociationisgearingupforitsfour-dayconventioninBoston.(4)Teachersshouldavoidatanycostunnecessarynegativecommentswhenspeakingtoashystudent.(5)Ittookafewminutesformyeyestoadjusttothedark.Post-readingActivitiesIV.LanguageFocusCloze(1)obtain(2)transformed(3)to(4)serves(5)and(6)additional(7)experts(8)which(9)who(10)importance(11)resources(12)more(13)however(14)provides(15)beneficialPost-readingActivitiesIV.LanguageFocusTranslation—TaskA(1)Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshasmanybenefitsforhighschoolstudents,andsometimestheycantranslateintoscholarshipopportunities.(2)Thegoalsandactivitiesinthisplanareconsistentwiththegoalssetforthinrecentlyproposedplansforeducationreform.(3)Schoolauthoritieshavetocopewiththeproblemofwasteonthecampus.(4)Expertsdefineofficepoliticsasproperbehaviorusedtopursueone'sownself-interestintheworkplace.(5)Nowadaysahusbandshouldnotexpecthiswifetobeboundtothehousealldaylong.

Post-readingActivitiesIV.LanguageFocusTranslation—TaskB(1)盡管獲得大學(xué)學(xué)歷需要較長的時間，但它在未來可以給我們提供很多新的就業(yè)機(jī)會。(2)對擁有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人來說，就業(yè)機(jī)會要好得多，因?yàn)楣椭鱾兛梢苑判?，此人擁有業(yè)務(wù)知識，也能應(yīng)對充滿競爭的工作環(huán)境。(3)多數(shù)大學(xué)生的大學(xué)生活都周旋于為考試而學(xué)習(xí)和為貼補(bǔ)學(xué)費(fèi)而打零工之間。(4)周圍都是形形色色的人，他一定會見到最真實(shí)的世界，學(xué)會接受現(xiàn)實(shí)中的人。(5)這一發(fā)展階段對于未來的努力十分重要，還將為個人提供步入社會并取得成績的實(shí)力。Post-readingActivitiesTextBHowCollegeIsDifferentfromHighSchoolBackgroundInformationElementaryandSecondaryEducationintheUnitedStates

FormaleducationintheUnitedStatesconsistsofelementary,secondaryandhighereducation.Elementaryandsecondaryeducation,whichformspubliceducation,isfreeandcompulsory.ElementaryandsecondaryeducationintheUnitedStatescovers12yearsforages6through18.Thetypicalorganizationalpatternforelementaryandsecondaryschoolsisthatofgradedschools.Usually,theelementaryschoolgrades1—8andthehighschool9—12.Thepatternunderwhichtheelementaryschoolcoversgrades1—5or6,thejuniorschool6or7—9,andthehighschool10—12isalsocommon.Theelementaryschoolcurriculumincludesreading,writing,andarithmeticormathematics.Socialstudies(somehistoryandgeography),science,foreignlanguages,music,healthandphysicaleducationarealsoincludedinalmostallgrades.ElementaryandSecondaryEducationintheUnitedStates

Highschoolsaremadeupofcomprehensive,academic,vocationalandtechnicalschoolswithsomewhatdifferenttasks.Comprehensivehighschoolsprovidebothacademicandvocationaleducation;academichighschoolsonlyaimtopreparestudentsforcollege;vocationalandtechnicalonesgenerallyprovideforavarietyofoccupationsandvocationsthoughsomearespecializedinasinglevocationalortechnicalarea.Atypicalhighschoolcurriculumincludesalmostallthesubjectsforelementaryschools,butismorespecialized.Forexample,Englishcoursesstressgrammarandliterature.HistoryissplitintoseparatecoursesinAmericanhistory,AmericangovernmentandEuropeanhistory;Algebra,geometryandtrigonometryareoffered,andaone-yearcourseingeneralscience,andthenmoredetailedcoursesinbiology,chemistryandphysicsareusuallyrequired.Manyhighschoolsofferdozensandsometimeshundredsofelectivecourses,rangingfromphilosophyandcreativewritingtocommunityservices.CulturalNotes1.The

SATReasoningTest(學(xué)術(shù)能力評估測試推理測驗(yàn))[formerlyScholasticAptitudeTest(學(xué)術(shù)能力評估測試)andScholasticAssessmentTest]isastandardizedtestforcollegeadmissionsintheUnitedStates.TheSATisowned,published,anddevelopedbytheCollegeBoard,anot-for-profitorganizationintheUnitedStates.Itwasformerlydeveloped,published,andscoredbytheEducationalTestingServicewhichstilladministerstheexam.Thetestisintendedtoassessastudent’sreadinessforcollege.Itwasfirstintroducedin1901,anditsnameandscoringhavechangedseveraltimes.2.GPA:GradePointGeneral(平均分?jǐn)?shù))3.ACTP:AmericanCollegeTestingProgram(美國大學(xué)測試)I.ComprehensionCheck(1)O(2)F(3)O(4)