時(shí)態(tài)講解(初中英語(yǔ))

時(shí)態(tài)講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)(一)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)用來(lái)表示經(jīng)常，反復(fù)，習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)表示頻率的副詞：sometimes（有時(shí)）,often（經(jīng)常）,usually（通常）,always（總是）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：inthemorning/afternoon/evening（在上午/下午/晚上）,everyday/week/month/year（每天/周/月/年,atnoon/night（在中午/夜里）,onMonday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）eg：Bruceusuallywalkstoschool.

布魯斯通常步行去上學(xué)。WehavetwoP.Eclasseseveryweek.我們每周上兩節(jié)體育課。2.表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)eg:Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.她總是樂(lè)于助人。

Heis13yearsold.他13歲了。3.表示事實(shí)或客觀真理，或在諺語(yǔ)中eg:Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.太陽(yáng)每天東升西落。

Whenthereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。（二）基本句型1.肯定句：①主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他②主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞-s+其他eg:TheyliveinChina.他們住在中國(guó)。

Helikeseatingapples.他喜歡吃蘋(píng)果。2.否定句：①主語(yǔ)+don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他②主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg:Theydon’tliveinChina.他們不住在中國(guó)。

Hedoesn’tlikeeatingapples.他不喜歡吃蘋(píng)果。3.一般疑問(wèn)句：①Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他

②Does+主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg:DotheyliveinChina?

他們住在中國(guó)嗎？

Doeshelikeeatingapples?

他喜歡吃蘋(píng)果嗎？注：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱的單數(shù)形式。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則如下：1）一般在動(dòng)詞后直接加s。如：talk–talks,live–lives。2）以s,x.,ch,sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在其后加es。如：watch–watches,wash–washes,go–goes。3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變成i再加es。如：carry–carries,fly–flies。4）特殊的，如：have的第三人稱單數(shù)為has。課堂練習(xí)：1.Boboften______hismotherwiththehouseworkonSundaysA.help

B.helping

C.helps

D.helped

（中考題）2.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?

—Hesaidthattheearth________roundthesun.

（中考題）

A.go

B.goes

C.went

D.willgoII.

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1．I

________(write)

to

you

as

soon

as

I

_______(get)

to

London.

2.

He

doesn't

feel

well

and

____________(not

eat)

any

food

this

morning.

3.

He

______

not

_______(see)

me

come

in,

for

he

___________(read)

something

with

great

interest.

9.

What

______

your

mother

_______(do)

at

eight

yesterday

evening?

She

_______(wash)

clothes.

15.

Will

you

come

if

he

_____________

(not

come)?

19.

I

don’t

know

if

Mr.Wang

______

(go)

to

Shanghai

tomorrow.

If

he

_____

(go),

I

______

(ask)

him

_______

(take)

some

books

to

my

daughter,

because

she

_______

(study)

there.

單項(xiàng)選擇：

1.The

students

will

go

to

the

Summer

Palace

if

it

_____

tomorrow.

A.don’t

rain

B.

doesn’t

rain

C.

won’t

rain

2.

There

_____

an

English

film

next

week.

A.

will

have

B.

is

going

to

have

C.

is

going

to

be

D.

was

going

to

be

3.

They

_____

the

office

at

nine

yesterday

morning.

A.

reached

to

B.

arrived

C.

went

D.

get

to

4.

We

shall

go

to

Shanghai

on

business

before

you

_____

back

next

week.

A.

will

come

B.

came

C.

would

come

D.

come

5.

Don’t

smoke

until

the

plane

______

off.

A.takes

B.took

C.was

taken

D.is

take

6.

I

saw

her

____

the

room

this

morning.

A.to

enter

B.

entered

C.

enter

D.

enters

7.

John

is

always

______

others.

A.

help

B.

helping

C.

helps

D.

to

help

一般過(guò)去時(shí)(一)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合1.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday（昨天）,lastnight（昨晚）,lastweek（上個(gè)星期）,fourdaysago（四天前）,in2002（在2002年）,justnow（剛才）,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）eg:Hewenttotheparkyesterday.她昨天去了公園。（表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）

Iwastenyearsoldin2003.我2003年才10歲。（表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間存在的狀態(tài)）2.表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示頻率的副詞:表示頻率的副詞：always（總是），often（經(jīng)常）,sometimes（有時(shí)）eg:Healwayswenttoschoolearlylastyear.他去年總是早早上學(xué)3表達(dá)去世的人所做的事往往也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)eg:YingZhengwasthefirstkinginChina.贏政是中國(guó)的第一個(gè)皇帝。（二）基本句型1.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他

eg：Weenjoyedourselvesinthezooyesterday.我們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得很高興。2.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg：Wedidn’tenjoyourselvesinthezooyesterday.我們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得不高興。3.一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg：Didyouenjoyyourselvesinthezooyesterday?

你們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得高興嗎？注：1）一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后直接ed。如：play–played,look–looked。2）以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在其后加d。如：like–liked,use–used。3）與輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變成i再加ed。如：carry–carried,marry-married。4）以重讀閉音節(jié)（或r音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如：stop–stopped,prefer–preferred。當(dāng)然，剛才提到的都是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成，我們還學(xué)過(guò)許多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式。如：put–put,see–saw,eat–ate等課堂練習(xí)中考題1.What______toheryesterdayevening?A.washappened

B.happened

C.happening

D.happen2.—Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.What’sthematter?

—I________welllastnight.

A.didn’tsleepB.don’tsleep

C.hasn’tsleptD.won’tsleep3.—When____you_____youroldfriends?

—Thedaybeforeyesterday.

A.will;visitB.did;visit

C./;visit

D.have;visited

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What_____she_____(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She____(find)abeautifulbutterfly.9.It____(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday10.Weall___(have)agoodtimelastnight.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(一)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合1.表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的事或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now,atthemomenteg：Theyaresingingatthemoment.

他們正在唱歌。

LiMingismakingareportnow.李明現(xiàn)在正在做報(bào)告2.現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)thesedayseg：Wearemendingthecarthesedays.

這些日子我們一直在修車。3.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某些瞬間動(dòng)詞：come,leave,arrive,dieeg：Shesayssheiscomingsoon.

她說(shuō)她馬上就來(lái)。

Thematchgirlisdying.

那個(gè)賣火柴的小女孩快要死了。（二）基本句型1）肯定句：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+V-ing+其他。eg：Nancyisreadingabooknow.

南茜正在讀書(shū)。

Thetwinsareplayingintheirbedroom.

2）否定句：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+其他。eg：Nancyisn’treadingabooknow.

南茜沒(méi)有正在讀書(shū)。

Thetwinsaren’tplayingintheirbedroom.

那對(duì)雙胞胎沒(méi)有正在臥室里玩3)一般疑問(wèn)句：Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+V-ing+其他eg：IsNancyreadingabooknow?

南茜正在讀書(shū)嗎？

Arethetwinsplayingintheirbedroom?

那對(duì)雙胞胎正在臥室里玩嗎？注：1現(xiàn)在分詞（即V-ing形式）的構(gòu)成1）一般在動(dòng)詞的后面直接加-ing。如：listen–listening,look–looking.2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e加ing.如：take–taking,make–making.3）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母再加ing。如sit–sitting,stop–stopping.4）特殊的如：lie–lying,die–dying等。2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用以說(shuō)明客觀事實(shí)或情況，或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的永久性或經(jīng)常性;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作常含有未完成之意。如：

Weusuallyhavefourclassesinthemorning.我上午通常上四節(jié)課。

—Whycan’tLilygowithme?麗麗為什么不能和我們一起去呢？

—Becausesheisdoingherhomeworknow.因?yàn)樗谧鲎鳂I(yè)。2）always用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于說(shuō)明事實(shí)，一般不帶有感情色彩；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always（即bealwaysdoingsth.）連用，常表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情，如：贊揚(yáng)，批評(píng)，厭煩等。如：

Healwaysworkslate.他總是工作到很晚。（表示事實(shí)）

Heisalwaysworkinglate.他總是工作到很晚。（表示贊揚(yáng)）

Heisalwaystalkingbig.他老愛(ài)說(shuō)大話。（表示厭煩）課堂練習(xí)中考題1.Look!Theboys________happilyintheriver.

A.swim

B.swam

C.willswim

D.areswimming

2.---Canyourbrothermakeamodelairplane?

---Yes,thisweekhe_______anewmodel.

A.builds

B.isbuilt

C.hadbuilt

D.isbuilding

3.—ShallweinviteTomtoplayfootballnow?

—Oh,no.He________hisclothes.

A.iswashing

B.washes

C.haswashed

用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother__________(cook)somenicefood

now.

4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisoursondoing?She______(listen)tomusic.

9.It’s

5

o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題()1.Who_____overtherenow?

A.singing

B.aresing

C.issinging

D.sing()2.It’seighto’clock.Thestudents___anEnglishclass.

A.have

B.having

C.ishavingD.arehaving()3.Listen!Thebaby____inthenextroom.

A.crying

B.cried

C.iscr