【課件】Unit1Discoverusefulstructures(被動語態(tài))課件-高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊

ThePassiveVoice選必四Unit1

被動語態(tài)寫出下列動詞的過去式與過去分詞1.build2.speak3.eat4.break5.give6.grow7.write8.think9.love10.waterbuiltbuilt

spoke

spoken

ateeaten

broke

brokengavegivengrewgrownwrotewritten

thought

thoughtlovedlovedwateredwateredLeadin熟背課本P117-118《不規(guī)則動詞表》TheGreatWallisvisited

bymanypeopleeveryyear.Manypeoplevisit

theGreatWalleveryyear.主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)

Pepoleoftenplayfootbalallovertheworld.Footballisoftenplayedbypepoleallovertheworld.主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：

主動語態(tài)

(theActiveVoice)

被動語態(tài)(thePassiveVoice)被動語態(tài)的相關概念1.語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示主語和動詞之間的關系。2.英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。

主動語態(tài)動詞的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，而被動語態(tài)動詞的主語是動作的承受者。

指出句中的執(zhí)行者和承受者。Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.3.被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特殊形式，一般說來，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。承受者執(zhí)行者We

plant

thesetrees.Thesetrees

areplantedbyus.主動句與被動句的轉(zhuǎn)換主語賓語主語賓語把下列主動句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動句Weplantsometreeseveryyear.Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Everyonelikesthestory.Thestory

islikedbyeveryone.Presentation被動語態(tài)構成助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞

be

+

vt.p.p.Conclusion一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+vt.P.P.現(xiàn)以及物動詞tell為例，列表如下：時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構成一般式一般現(xiàn)在時be(am，is，are)told一般過去時be(was，were)told一般將來時shall/willbetold過去將來時should/wouldbetold進行式現(xiàn)在進行時be(am，is，are)beingtold過去進行時be(was，were)beingtold完成式現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeentold過去完成時hadbeentold肯定句：否定句：一般疑問句：

回答：特殊疑問句：Childrenlovethesesongs.Thesesongs

arelovedbychildren.Thesesongsarenotlovedbychildren.Arethesesongslovedbychildren.Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.What

arelovedbychildren?特殊疑問詞+be+過去分詞+(by…)?主語+benot+過去分詞+(by…)Be+主語+過去分詞+(by…)?句型：主語+be+過去分詞+(by…)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)肯定句：

主語+am/is/are+done+by+動作的執(zhí)行者。否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+done+by+動作的執(zhí)行者。一般疑問句：

Am/Is/Are+主語+done+by+動作的執(zhí)行者?特殊疑問句：

特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+done+by+動作的執(zhí)行者?

MyfavouritefunnystoryinTheAdventuresofTomSawyeriswhenTom(1)_________(tell)byhisaunttopaintthegatewhite.Theworkisapunishmentbecausehemissedschooloneday.Ofcourse,hedoesnotwanttodoanywork.Atfirst,Tom(2)_________(watch)byhisfriendsand(3)__________(laughat),sohefeelsquitebad.iswatchedlaughedatistold2Butsoonheturnsthesituationround,andhe(4)__________(help)byhisfriendsinstead.Tomsaysthatheenjoyspaintingthegatewhite,andhisfriendswanttotry.Heaskseachfriendtogivehimsomethingvaluable,andinreturnthey(5)__________(allow)todosomeofTom’swork!ishelpedareallowedTom:Why(1)_____popularbooks_____(make)intofilms?Jack:Oh,becausethestories(2)_____already_______(know)bylotsofpeople,sothefilmswillbecomepopularaswell.Tom:Butwhy(3)_____thestoriessometimes________(change)infilms?3aremadearearechangedknownJack:Becausefilmsandbooksaredifferent.Somepeopleinthebookarenotincludedinthefilm,butothersaremoreimportantthantheyareinthebook.Tom:Butthatdoesn’thappeninhistoricalfilms?Jack:Yes,itdoes.Sometimeseventhefactsabouthistory(4)__________(change).Tom:Butwhy(5)_____facts_________(rewrite)?Jack:Becausefilmsdon’talwaystrytoteachhistory,buttotellagoodstory!arechangedarerewritten1．Whatlittlemoneyhedidhave________(spend)onarecordselectedwithextremecarewhichbecame,tohiswayofthinking,apossessionclosetohisheart.2．Somemodernteachingequipmentaswellashundredsofcomputers________(send)totenHopeSchoolsinSouthChina.3．WhenI________(choose)totakepartinthesport,IfeltverysurprisedbecauseIhadneverdonethisbefore.4．Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s,asthereformandopening-uppolicy________(carry)out,ourdreamcametrue.5．Thesellers'shoutscould________(hear)everynowandthen.6．Forthousandsofyears,thefestival________(mark)byeatingzongziandracingdragonboatsinhonourofQuYuan.7．I'msosorry,butsometimesthebuscan________(delay)bysomeproblems.8．Nowcollegegraduates________(encourage)tostarttheirownbusiness,whichsoundsreallygoodforus.9．Sothequestionsmust________(deal)withcarefully,thesamewayyouwouldhandleanyotherhotpotato.10．HegoestoaBuddhistmonkforadviceandexpectsto________(tell)howtoliveamoresimplelife.1．wasspent句意：他所擁有的一點錢都花在了一張精心挑選的唱片上，在他看來，這張唱片成了他心中的珍品。What引導主語從句，是主句謂語動詞spend的動作承受者，且動作發(fā)生在過去，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。2．wassent

aswellas連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的形式和前面的主語一致。equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，且動作發(fā)生在過去，equipment和send之間為被動關系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。3．waschosen句意：當我被選中參加這項運動的時候，我感覺很驚訝，因為我以前從沒有做過此事。I和choose之間為被動關系，從Ifeltverysurprised可知為過去時態(tài)，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。4．wascarried根據(jù)Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s可知要用過去時態(tài)，而且此處表示被動意義，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。5．beheard

shouts為hear的動作承受者，此處為被動語態(tài)。6．hasbeenmarked由時間狀語Forthousandsofyears可知，謂語動詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示端午節(jié)一直以來都以吃粽子和賽龍舟的方式進行慶祝，從空后的by可知，此處為被動語態(tài)，故應用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。7．bedelayed

thebus和delay之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。8．a(chǎn)rebeingencouraged句意：現(xiàn)在大學畢業(yè)生正在被鼓勵自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，對我們來說這聽起來不錯。根據(jù)時間狀語now可知是正在進行時，“學生”與“鼓勵”之間是被動關系，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。9．bedealt主語questions和動詞詞組dealwith之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。10．betold句意：此人到廟里拜見高僧尋求指點，期望被告知如何過更簡樸的生活。expecttodosth.意為“期望做某事”，因為he和tell之間為被動關系，故要用被動語態(tài)。自主訓練

在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon________(construct)．”(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)2．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)3．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京卷)答案：1.isconstructed2.bechosen3.hadbeentrapped4．DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin________(impress)withthecity'sfirepreventionmethods.5．Atuniversity,youwill________(teach)bylecturersandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudy.6．Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)7．Shuaijiao________(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.答案：4.wasimpressed5.betaught6.bemade7.isconsidered8．Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________(reflect)myinterest.(2016·浙江卷)9．Moreefforts,asreported,________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.(2016·江蘇卷)10．Twoyearsago,whileCathy________(watch)theOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.(2016·天津卷)答案：8．reflected9.willbemade10.waswatching語法填空InrecentyearsmanyTVshowshavebecomeextremelypopularamongChineseaudience.Thoseprograms,rangingfromtalentordatingshowstorealityshows,1.________(receive)bothcommercialsuccessandpublicattention.Theirpopularityis2.________(main)basedonsimplefacts.First,theycare3.________socialconcerns.Second,withoutexception,theyexploreaperfectbalancebetweentheinternationalformsandChineseexpressions.Despiteapparenthighlights,muchroom4.________(leave)forimprovement.Aboveall,commercialinterestsoftenoutweigh5.________(education)purposes,causingmanycomplaintsabouttheunbearableadvertisements.Inaddition,somesharpremarks,6.________theyareeye-catching,mayhavemisleadingeffectsontheyouth.In7.________(I)opinion,suchshowsshouldshouldermoreresponsibilityinsteadofmerely8.________(entertain)thepublic.9.________isexpected,theseprogramsshouldbepositiveintheirformsaswellasfunctions.Meanwhile,the10.__