一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時

實用標準教學內容知識點一：一般現在時【知識梳理】一般現在時的基本結構和變化1.一般現在時的結構①be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。e.g.Iamaboy. 我是一個男孩。②行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。一般現在時主要用動詞的原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數，則在動詞原形后加"-s"或"-es"e.g.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.2.否定句和疑問句的變化①be動詞的變化：A.否定句：主語 +be+not+ 其它。 Heisnotaworker. 他不是工人。B.一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。 ---Areyouastudent?---Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.C.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。 Whereismybike?②行為動詞的變化：A.否定句：主語 +don't(doesn't)+ 動詞原形(+其它)。Idon'tlikebread. /Hedoesn'tlikebread.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。---Doyouoftenplayfootball? ---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Doesshegotoworkbybike?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.C.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。Howdoesyourfathergotowork?（注意回顧動詞第三人稱單數形式變化規(guī)則）一般情況下在詞尾加 shelp→helps,clean →cleans,play →plays,wear →wears,give →gives; 以s,x,ch,sh 結尾的動詞在詞尾加 esdress→dresses,fix →fixes,watch →watches,finish →finishes; 以“輔音字母加 y”結尾的動詞，把 y變?yōu)閕，再study→studies,carry →carries,fly →flies ）(2)一般現在時的用法1.表示經常性或習慣性的動作或行為。常與 always,sometimes,often,usually,never 等副詞連用。e.g.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdaysandSundays.Mymotheroftengetsupat6o’clock.2.表示現在的狀態(tài)，能力，性格，個性。 e.g.Myfatherteachesmaths.LinYandanceswell.表示普遍真理或客觀事實。e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeast.【注意】此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。如：Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound. 我們的物理老師說光的傳播速度比聲音的傳播速度快得多，在時間、條件、比較等狀語從句中， 用現在時表示將來的動作，從句的謂語動詞用一般現在時。如：Iwille-mailyouassoonasIgettoBeijing. 我一到北京就給你發(fā)郵件。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wewillhaveameeting. 如果你今天下午能來，我們就開會。文案大全實用標準【例題精講】例1.——Whoisthatlady?——She’sMissGreen.She____usmusic,andsheissogood.A.taught B.teaches C.willteach D.isteaching例2.——IthinkI’lltakeabustothemeeting.——Thebus?Ifyou____,youwillbelate.A.do B.havedone C.willdo例3.Unlesstheweather____,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.A.improve B.improves C.improved D.willimprove例4.Wedon’tknowifourfriend____.Ifhe____,we ’llletyouknow.A.comes;comes B.comes;willcome C.willcome;comes例5.Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearth____thesun.A.wentaround B.goesaround C.isgoingaround D.wasgoingaround【課堂練習】1.Look!Adog____ablindmanacrosstheroad.A.leadsB.leadC.isleadingD.led2.Theyusually____TVintheevening.A.watchB.willwatchC.arewatchingD.watches3.Hehardly____upearly．A.getsB.getC.doesn’tgetD.don’tget4.John____football.A.likesplayingB.likesplayC.likeplay5.Frankusually____intouchwithhisprimaryschoolteachersbyemail.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.willkeep文案大全實用標準知識點二：一般過去時【知識梳理】一般過去時的基本結構和變化定義：表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。結構：“主語+動詞的過去式”句型轉化：①be動詞的過去時的句型如下：A. 否定句： 主語+be 動詞的過去式（ was,were）+not?疑問句：be動詞的過去式（was,were）+主語?？a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Washebusyyesterday?(疑問句)他昨天忙嗎？d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房間里沒有男孩兒。e.g.Thereweren ’tanyboysintheroom. 房間里沒有男孩兒。Werethereanyboysintheroom? 房間里有男孩兒嗎？②行為動詞的否定式和疑問式：A. 否定式：行為動詞前加上 didnot 或縮略式 didn’t, 并把這個行為動詞改為動詞原形。a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.→Ididnot/didn ’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.B. 一般疑問式：若在陳述句中只有行為動詞的過去式 , 那就得在句首加上一個助動詞 did來幫助提問,然后把句中的行為動詞由過去式改為動詞原形 , 并在句末打上問號?；卮饡r別忘了還用 did。a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth? Yes,wedid./No,wedidn ’t.b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening? Yes,shedid./No,wedidn’t.(2)規(guī)則動詞的變化一般情況下，直接在動詞詞watch→watched尾加-ed。plant→planted過去式（規(guī)則變化）以不發(fā)音字母e結尾的動詞like→liked在詞尾加-d。move→moved以“輔音字母+y”結尾的study→studied文案大全實用標準動詞，先變y為i，再在詞carry→carried尾加-ed。重讀閉音節(jié)動詞且詞尾只有stop→stopped一個輔音字母，先雙寫詞尾shop→shopped的輔音字母，再在詞尾加 -ed。am/is →wasare →過去式(be動詞)were（不規(guī)則變化）do→did不規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞第一組AAA1.cost—cost—cost2.cut—cut—cut3.hit—hit—hit4.let—let—let5.put—put—put6.set—set—set7.read—read—read第二組ABC1.break—broke—broken2.choose—chose—chosen3.speak—spoke—spoken4.steal—stole—stolen5.wake—woke—woken6.forget—forgot—forgotten7.take—took—taken8.give—gave—given9.hide—hid—hidden10.drive—drove—driven11.write—wrote—written12.rise—rose—risen13.ride—rode—ridden14.eat—ate—eaten第三組ABC1.know—knew—known2.grow—grew—grown3.throw—threw—thrown4.fly—flew—flown5.show—showed—shown第四組ABB1.build—built—built2.burn—burnt—burnt3.mean—meant—meant4.lend—lent—lent5.send—sent—sent6.spend—spent—spent第五組ABB1.keep—kept—kept2.sweep—swept—swept3.sleep—slept—slept4.leave—left—left5.feel—felt—felt6.smell—smelt—smelt7.lose—lost—lost8.learn—learnt—learnt(learned—learned)9.get—got—got10.do—did—done11.go—went—gone第六組ABB1.make—made—made2.hear—heard—heard3.have—had—had4.bring—brought—brought5.find—found—found6.buy—bought—bought7.think—thought—thought8.teach—taught—taught第七組ABB1.dig—dug—dug2.lead—led—led3.hold—held—held4.meet—met—met5.say—said—said6.pay—paid—paid7.win—won—won8.sell—sold—sold9.tell—told—told10.stand—stood—stood11.understand—understood—understood12.sit—sat—sat13.wear—wore—worn第八組ABC1.begin—began—begun2.swim—swam—swum3.sing—sang—sung4.ring—rang—rung5.drink—drank—e—came—come7.become—became—become8.see—saw—seen9.run—ran—run11.lie—lay—lain—lying（躺）12.lie—lied—lied—lying（說慌）13.lay—laid—laid(放)文案大全實用標準一般過去時的用法①表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內所發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與明確的時間狀語連用，如： yesterday,lastweek(month,year...),ago,justnow,attheageof ?,in1980 等連用。如：Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.十歲的時候，她開始學彈鋼琴。②表示過去經常發(fā)生或反復發(fā)生的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.當我是個孩子的時候，我經常在街上踢足球?！纠}精講】例1.——Wheredidyougolastweekend?——I____totheGreatWall.A.go B.went C.willgo D.havegone例2.LastweekVivian____adressforhermotherwithherfirst-monthsalary.A.buy B.bought C.willbuy D.wouldbuy例3.Ohno!I____mybookinthelab.A.leave B.left C.willleave D.wasleaving例4.——Yourcoatfitsyouwell.——Thankyou.I____itwhenIwasonvacation.A.havebought B.buy C.bought例5.Myhusbandalways_____meflowerseveryweekbeforewegotmarried,butnowhenever____.A.sent;does B.sends;does C.wasgoingtosend;do D.sent;do【課堂練習】1. ——DidBillyandAnnafindawayoutatlast?——Yes,they____aplananddidit.A.wereworkingout B.workedout C.areworkingout D.haveworkedout2.Yesterdaytheteachertoldustheearth____thesun.文案大全實用標準A.goesaround B.wentaround C.isgoingaround D.wouldgoaround——Lucyhas____toLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher?——Don’tworry.Shewillphoneyouassoonasshe____there.A.been;willget B.been;gets C.gone;willget D.gone;gets——Oh,no!Ican’tfindmymobilephone!——Well,where____youlastputit.A.have B.do C.did——HaveyoueverclimbedMountTai,Carol?——Yes,I____inTaianforaweeklastyearandreachedthetopofittwice.A.hadstayed B.stay C.stayed D.havestayed知識點三一般將來時【知識梳理】一般將來時的結構①will+ 動詞原形，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。如：e.g.Iwillmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrow. 明天早上我將在校門口見你。②begoingto+ 動詞原形 表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，主語一般是人。如：e.g.Iamgoingtobe15nextweek. 下周我就 15歲了。③will 和begoingto 的區(qū)別begoingto 與will 兩者都可表示將要發(fā)生的事、將要去做某事，但它們有如下幾點區(qū)別：A.begoingto 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情， will 表示的將來時間則較遠一些，如：e.g.Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.B.begoingto 表示根據主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情， will 表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。e.g.Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.C.begoingto 含有“計劃，準備”的意思，而 will 則沒有這個意思，如：e.g.Sheisgoingtohaveatrip.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.④在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 begoingto, 而多用will, 如：e.g.Ifanybeastscomeatyou,I'llstaywithyouandhelpyou.用法文案大全實用標準①表示在將來某個時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語如： tomorrow,soon,nextday(week,month,year...),inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow 等連用。如：e.g.IwillpayavisittoShanghainextweek. 下周我將要去上海旅行。②當主句為一般將來時，在以 after,when,while,assoonas,if,unless 等引導的時間或條件狀語從句中，要用一般現在時表示將來。如：e.g.Iwilldoitbetteriftheteachergivesmeanotherchance.如果老師再給我次機會，我會做得更好的?！纠}精講】例1.Don’taway.Bill____youlookafteryourdogwhenyouareawayonbusiness.A.helps B.willhelp C.helping D.helped例2.Justgodownthisroadandyou____thelibrarynexttothebank.A.see B.saw C.haveseen D.willsee例3.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,robotcooks____inourfamiliesinthefuture.A.appear B.appeared C.willappear D.wereappearing例4.Manyscientistsbelievethatrobots____abletotalklikehumansin50years.A.were B.are C.willbe D.havebeen例5.——Haveyoureturnedthebooktothelibraryyet?——Notyet.Don’tworry.I____itsoon.A.return B.returned C.havereturned D.willreturn【課堂練習】1.Mymindwasn’tonwhathewassayingsoI’mafraidI____halfofit.A.missedB.wasmissingC.willmissD.wouldmiss2.WearegladtohearthattheGreens_________toanewflatnextweek.A.moveB.movedC.willmoveD.havemoved3.Ericwon’tstarttheexperimentuntilhisteacher_________himhowtodoit.A.willshowB.showC.showsD.showed4.Ifyoucometotheparty,youagoodtime.文案大全實用標準A.wouldhave B.have C.willhave D.tohaveLet’senjoythedayswithourclassmates.We_________ourjuniorhighschoolintwomonths.A.willfinish B.arefinishing C.havefinished D.hadfinished課后作業(yè)1. ---IsJimintheoffice?---No,he tothedininghall.A.goes B.wouldgo C.hasgone D.hadgone---Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredit.---Oh,wesomerunninginthepark.A.aredoingB.weredoingC.havedoneD.did3.Hersonthearmyfortwomonths.Shemisseshimverymuch.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joinedD.wasin4.ThereportersaidthattheUFOeasttowestwhenhesawit.文案大全實用標準A.travelsB.traveledC.wastravelingD.hastraveled5.I'mwaitingformysister.Iwon'tgotoseemyuncleuntil.A.shecomesB.shewillcomeC.shedoesn'tcome---DoyouknowtheEnglishman?---Yes.Ihimfortwoyears.A.gettoknowB.haveknownC.knewD.gottoknow7.Imyhomework;IguessIcan'tjoinyou.A.don'tfinishB.didn'tfinishC.haven'tfinishedD.won'tfinish8.Travelingtospaceisnolongerjustadream.Russiathefirsthotelinspaceinthenearfuture.A.buildsB.willbuildC.builtD.hasbuilt9.Wehavebeenfriends.A.lastyearB.oneyearagoC.sincewemetlastyearD.whenwemetlastyear---DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend?---Cindy?Never!She driving.A.hashated B.hated C.willhate D.hates---Icalledyouseveraltimesthismorning,butyoudidn'tanswer.---Sorry.Itennisthewholemorning.A.playedB.isplayingC.wouldplayD.wasplaying12.Iamistake.Pleasedon'tbeangrywithme.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.hadmade---Itelephonedyouyesterdayafternoonbutnobodyanswered.---Oh,I afilmatthattime.文案大全實用標準A.see B.saw C.isseeing D.wasseeing---IsthisyourfirsttimetoXinjiang?---No,Ihereseveraltimes.A.havegoneB.haven'tgoneC.havebeenD.haven'tbeen15.---We'llgoforapicnicifitthisSunday.---Wishyoualovelyweekend.A.rainB.doesn'trainC.won'train16.HeLuzhouforthreemonths.A.hasleftB.hascometoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeenawayfrom17.Imyhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom18.Ifyoucometotheparty,youagoodtime.A.wouldhaveB.haveC.willhaveD.tohave19.Mr.Browninthisfactorysincehewastwenty-fouryearsold.A.worksB.workedC.willworkD.hasworked20.---Shush,bequiet!Thebabyinthenextroom.---Oh,sorry.A.sleepsB.sleptC.issleepingD.wassleeping21.Hefortenyears.A.hasbeenmarriedB.marriedC.gotmarriedD.hasmarried---Didyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoorjustnow?---No,sir.I music.文案大全實用標準A.waslisteningto B.listenedto C.amlisteningto D.wouldlistento23. ---Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?---I onthegrassanddrawingapicture.A.A.sit B.sat C.amsitting D.wassitting---Howwasyourtriptotheancientvillage?---Fantastic!We toanaturalmuseumofstrangestones.A.go B.went C.aregoing D.willgo---IhearMr.ZhanghasgonetoBeijingforameeting.---Really?Doyouknowwhenhe ?A.leaves B.wasleaving C.hasleftD.left---Lisa,Icalledyoujustnow.Wherewereyou?---Sorry,I ashower.A.take B.amtaking C.wastaking27. She thebook twodaysago.A.hasborrowed;since B.haskept;sinceC.kept;for---Wherewereyouat7:00lastnight?---I tomymomathome.A.write B.wrote C.amwritingD.waswriting---Ican'tfindTedforthreedays.Whereishe?---He Beijingforameeting.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.havebeento文案大全實用標準D.havegoneto30. They Englandandtheywillbebacknextweek.A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.havegonein D.hasbeenon——____you____toNanhuParkaweekago?——Yes.Wehadagoodtimethere.A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;went32.I____thebookclublastweekandI____twobooksalready.A.join;read B.joined;read C.joined;haveread D.join;hasread——Summerholidayiscoming.Whatareyougoingtodo?——I’mnotsure.