Unit 5 Poems 單詞精講 【高效識記+延伸拓展】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

Unit5

單詞精講1．sorrown.悲傷；悲痛；傷心事

vi.感到悲傷(1)one’ssorrowat/over/forsth.對某事的悲傷insorrow悲哀地(2)sorrowfuladj.悲傷的；傷心的(3)sorrowfullyadv.悲哀地；悔恨地Heexpressedhissorrowatthenewsofherdeath.Theysharedwiththeirjoysandsorrowsofchildhood.Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmademoreinsorrowthaninanger.單句語法填空(1)Shelookedatme________sorrowwhensheheardthesuddennews.(2)Thatwasthemost________(sorrow)momentinhislife.(3)Theboy_______________(sorrow)admittedthathehadn’tworkedhardbefore.(4)Asweallknow,ourlifeisfilledwith________(sorrow)andjoys.(5)Theyallexpressedtheirsorrow_____________thedeathoftheyoungman.insorrowfulsorrowfullysorrowsat/over/for2．literaryadj.文學(xué)的；有文學(xué)作品特征的傷(1)文學(xué)的；文學(xué)上的literarycriticism/theory文學(xué)批評/理論literarycriticism文學(xué)批評；文學(xué)評論literarywork文學(xué)作品；手筆literaryfilm文藝片literarydevice文學(xué)手法(2)適于文學(xué)作品的；有典型文學(xué)作品特征的(3)愛好文學(xué)的；從事文學(xué)研究(或?qū)懽?的寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Popularmusicevolvedfromfolksongs. __________2.Theartist’sinspirationcamefromChinesefolktales. __________3.Mostneighboursenjoymakingsmalltalkwiththefolksontheothersideofthefence.（2014浙江）

__________4.TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercuttingarebeingexhibitedatthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo. __________folk人們民歌民間故事傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)完成句子(1)Mydaughterengagesin________________.我女兒主要從事文學(xué)翻譯。(2)Your________________seemstobeoutofdate.你的文學(xué)理念似乎過時了。(3)Many________________aredeeplyinterestedinpoems.許多文學(xué)青年對詩歌都很感興趣的。literarytranslationliterarytheoryliteraryyouths3．folkadj.民間的；民俗的；普通百姓的(1)folkn.民族；人們；親屬(復(fù)數(shù))folksn.(復(fù)數(shù))人們folktales民間故事；民間傳說folkmusic民俗音樂(2)folkart民間藝術(shù)afolkmuseum民俗博物館folkwisdom民間智慧afolkfestival/concert民間音樂節(jié)/會完成句子(1)Theseexpertstakespecialinterestin____________inthisarea.這些專家對這個地方的民俗音樂特別感興趣。(2)Weoughttopresentourtraditional_________________totheworld.我們要向世界展示我們傳統(tǒng)的民間藝術(shù)。folkmusicfolkartGarliciswidelyusedinChinesefolkmedicine.I’dliketoexpressmythankstothefolksbackhome.I’dlikeajobworkingwitholdfolksorkids.Well,folks,whatarewegoingtodotoday?

4．a(chǎn)mateurn.業(yè)余愛好者adj.業(yè)余的；業(yè)余愛好的anamateurphotographer業(yè)余攝影愛好者amateurathletics業(yè)余體育運動完成句子(1)Alltheparticipantsare________________.所有參加比賽的人員都是業(yè)余油畫愛好者。(2)Though______________________，theydidaverygoodjobinthecompetition.盡管他們都是業(yè)余愛好者，但是他們在比賽中都表現(xiàn)得非常出色。amateurpainterstheyareallamateurs5．moodn.情緒；心情；語氣beinagoodmood心情很好；情緒很好beinabadmood處于壞脾氣的時候themoodofthemeeting會議的氣氛Iwonderwhyhe’sinsuchabadmoodtoday.Themoodofthemeetingwasdistinctlypessimistic.Sheisinabadmoodthesedays,soyoudon’tbotherher.Theteacherisquitesatisfiedwiththemoodoftheclass.Weallknowthatifweareinabadmood,wearelikelytoexpressnegativeattitudesandfeelings.6．bemadeupof

由……組成(構(gòu)成)(1)bemadeupof…＝consistof…由……組成consistof與bemadeupof意思相同，但前者不能用于被動語態(tài)或進(jìn)行時態(tài)。(2)相關(guān)短語：makeup編造；虛構(gòu)；組成；化妝；和解makeupfor補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ)makeupwithsb.與某人和好makeupone’smind(todo…)下決心(做……)makeout理解；明白(事理)單句語法填空(1)Hemade________someexcusesabouthisdaughterbeingsick.(2)Shedeterminedtoworktwiceashardasbeforetomakeup________thelosttime.(3)TheletterissocarelesslywrittenthatIcan’tmake________whatthelettersays.(4)TheG8ismadeup________politicalleadersfromFrance,theUnitedStates,Britain,Germany,Japan,Italy,CanadaandRussia.(5)Ourschool________(consist)ofsixtyclasses.upforoutofconsists7．coren.核心；精髓；(水果的)核兒coreoftheapple蘋果核theearth’score地核thecoreoftheargument爭論的核心tothecore直至核心；十足；透頂完成句子(1)The________________jujubesaretoohardtodigest.棗子核太硬，不能消化。(2)Sheis________________.她是這個隊的核心成員。(3)He’sapolitician________________.他是個十足的政客。coresofthecoreoftheteamtothecore8．blankadj.空白的；沒表情的

n.空白；空格blankadj.空白的；空的；不理解的；不感興趣的ablanksheet一張白紙blankwalls光禿禿的墻blankexpression木然的表情one’smindgoesblank腦子里突然一片空白Suddenlythescreenwentblank.Signyournameintheblankspacebelow.Writeononesideofthepaperandleavetheothersideblank.StevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.【易混辨析】empty,vacant,hollow,bare與blank“空白”(1)empty“空的”，指某物缺少其常有的東西。也可引申為“空洞的，空虛的”。Theroomisemptyoffurniture.(2)vacant“空著的；未被占用的”，常指房子、座位、職位等。Theroomisvacant.(3)hollow“中空的；空心的”，與solid相對。Awaterpipeishollow.(4)bare“(房間、柜子等)空的；裸露的；無遮蓋的”。abareroom,barearm,barewalls(5)blank表面沒有任何東西或表面是空白的，也可引申為“沒表情的”。ablankwall,ablankexpression9．sympatheticadj.同情的；有同情心的；贊同的(1)asympatheticlistener一個體恤別人的聽眾besympatheticto/towardssb./sth.對某人/物同情；贊同、支持某人/某事(2)sympathyn.同情；贊同；支持havenosympathyforsb.對某人沒有同情心feel/show/expresssympathyfor對某人感到/表現(xiàn)出/表達(dá)同情insympathywithsb.為支持某人insympathywith因某事而發(fā)生outofsympathywith不贊成某事單句語法填空(1)Thebosshadnosympathy________theinjuredworkerandlaidhimoff.(2)Alltheworkerswentonstrike________sympathywiththeseniorworkerswhohadbeenlaidoff.(3)Thewoodenbuildingfelloffinsympathy________thebigfire.(4)Atthemeetingmostpeoplewereoutofsympathy________newproposal.(5)Mikeisa________(sympathy)personinhisdailylife.(6)Sheisneversympathetic____________otherswhentheyareintrouble.forinwithsympatheticto/towardswith10．innocencen.單純；無罪；天真(1)innocentadj.天真的；無罪的；純潔的(2)innocentlyadv.天真地；若無其事地；純潔地；無罪地askinnocently裝作若無其事地；滿臉無辜地obtain/get/receivesth.innocently清白地得到某物Sheprotestedherinnocence.Theyhaveimprisonedaninnocentman.Hewalkedcasuallyintothestoreandinnocentlyofferedtobuythecatfor2dollars.完成句子(1)Shewasfound_________________(沒有任何罪狀).(2)Thisnewevidencewill______________________(證明他們的清白).(3)Children________________________(失去了天真)astheygrowolder.(4)“Whatdoyoumean？”Annie__________________(若無其事地問道).innocentofanycrimeprovetheirinnocencelosttheirinnocenceaskedinnocently11．sowvt.&vi.播種；種(1)sowed(過去式),sown/sowed過去分詞(2)灌輸、散布(某個消息)；激起、煽動(某種情感)sowtheseeds播種sowdoubtinsb.’smind使某人心懷疑慮sowconfusion制造混亂sowtheseedsof…成為……的肇端Farmerssowtheirseedsinspring.Howcanyousowtroubleamongthevillagers?Theirquarrelsowedtheseedsofhatredamongthetwofamilies.完成句子(1)Hiswords____________________________.他的話讓我心存疑慮。(2)Thenews________________amongthecitizens.這種消息在市民中引發(fā)了混亂。(3)Hiscarelessness________________________theaccidentafterwards.他的粗心為后來的事故埋下了禍根。soweddoubtinmymindsowedconfusionsowedtheseedsof12．correspondencen.來往信件；通信聯(lián)系(1)personal/privatecorrespondences私人來往信件thecorrespondencecolumn/page(inanewspaper)(2)enterintocorrespondencewithsb.開始與某人通信keepupacorrespondence保持通信聯(lián)系beincorrespondence保持通信聯(lián)系(3)thecorrespondencebetweenAandB

A和B之間的關(guān)系(4)correspondv.符合；與……一致；相當(dāng)；通信correspondto/with…與……相符、一致correspondto…與……相當(dāng)；相當(dāng)于……correspondwithsb.與某人通信單句語法填空(1)Istillkeepthepersonal________________(correspond)withmywife.(2)Weentered________correspondencewitheachotherintheearly1985．(3)Theyhadbeen________correspondencefortwoyearsbeforetheygotmarried.(4)Iwasn’tawareofthecorrespondence________MikeandJane.(5)Thesegoodsdonotcorrespond________thelistofthoseIordered.(6)Redlinesonthemapcorrespond________majorroads.correspondenceinintoto/withtobetween13．dominantadj.首要的；占支配地位的；顯著的dominancen.優(yōu)勢；統(tǒng)治；支配dominatevt.控制；支配；占優(yōu)勢；在……中占主要地位完成句子(1)MrSmithisa____________________________inthiscompany.在這個公司史密斯是非常獨斷專行的人物。(2)Ofalltheapplicants,Lilyhasthe________________overothers.在所有的求職者中，李麗有著壓倒性的優(yōu)勢。(3)Frombeginningtoend,thematch_________________ourteam.自始至終我們隊控制著比賽場上的主動權(quán)。dominantfigure/persondominantadvantageswasdominatedby14．contestn.比賽；競賽；競爭

vt.爭??；爭辯(1)contestn.(可數(shù))競賽；比賽；爭奪；競爭；競選acontestbetweenAandB在A與B之間的比賽/競爭(2)contestvt.爭奪；爭取贏得(獎品、勝利、一場戰(zhàn)役等)contestagainstsb.同某人競爭contestforsth.為了獲得某物而比賽、競爭Thereisapreliminarycontestbeforethefinalone.ThematchlookslikebeingaDavidandGoliathcontest.Thishasstrippedthecontestdowntoitsessentials.Wereyoupresentatthedeclamationcontestoffreshmen?完成句子(1)Thisisa________________twoexcellentspeakers.這場演講比賽是兩個優(yōu)秀選手之間的競爭。(2)The________________thegoldprizebegins.沖刺金獎的比賽開始了。(3)Willyouenterforthisweek’s________________?你要參加這個星期的選美比賽嗎？(4)Thiswillbea________________.這場比賽將會是一場勢均力敵的比賽。contestbetweenbeautycontestcontestforclosecontest15．polishvt.拋光；修改；潤色n.拋光；擦亮Thereisapreliminarycontestbeforethefinalone.ThematchlookslikebeingaDavidandGoliathcontest.Thishasstrippedthecontestdowntoitsessentials.Wereyoupresentatthedeclamationcontestoffreshmen?完成句子(1)YesterdayI________myshoes________.昨天請人擦了一下我的鞋子。(2)You’dbetter________________beforesendingittothemanager.你最好先把信潤色一下再發(fā)給經(jīng)理。hadpolishtheletterpolished16．stringn.細(xì)繩

vt.系

adj.弦樂器的；線織的Astringofmyviolinhasbroken,soI’llhavetoreplaceitwithanotherone.Flagswerestrungoutalongtheroute./Theroutewasstrungwithflags.(1)stringn.細(xì)繩；線；帶子；串；弦apiece/lengthofstring一根/一段細(xì)繩astringof…一串……；接二連三的(2)string(strung,strung)vt.懸掛；系；扎；串聯(lián)起來stringAonB把A系/掛在B上完成句子(1)Hegot________________andtiedittotheballoon.他拿來一根線，把它系在了那個氣球上。(2)Alotofflags________________thetrees.樹上掛著許多的旗幟。(3)Heexperienced________________failuresinhislife.在他的人生中，他經(jīng)歷了接二連三的失敗。apieceofstringastringofarestrungon17．befamiliarwith熟悉He’safamiliarfigureintheschool.JinLifoundtheAmericanwayoflifefamiliarsoonafterherarrivalintheUSA．Theyweresopopularthattheirfansformedclubsinordertogetmorefamiliarwiththem.sb.be/getfamiliarwithsth./sb.某人對某事物(人)熟悉sth./sb.befamiliartosb.某事物(某人)為某人所熟悉18．entertainvt.&vi.招待；使娛樂；使歡樂(1)entertainsb.使某人娛樂entertainoneself自娛自樂entertainsb.tosth.款待(招待)某人吃(用)某物entertainsb.withsth./bydoingsth.

用某物/通過做某事使某人歡樂(2)entertainern.(娛樂的)表演者；藝人(3)entertainmentn.(不可數(shù))娛樂；(可數(shù))娛樂活動toone’sentertainment使某人快樂的是(4)entertainingadj.使人愉快的；有趣的單句語法填空(1)Look,thetwochildrenareentertaining___________sohappilyoverthere.(2)Thelittlegirlusuallyentertainsherself________playingthepianowhensheisfree.(3)Much________ourentertainment,mydaughterwasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.(4)Thereareallkindsof_______________(entertain)inourschoolwhenschoolisover.themselvestobyentertainments19．racialadj.種族的；人種的(1)racialhatred種族仇恨r(nóng)acialprejudice種族偏見racialtension種族間的緊張狀況racialviolence種族暴力racialequality種族平等racialminorities少數(shù)民族(2)raciallyadv.人種上；按人種racialismn.種族主義；種族歧視；人種偏見racialistn.種族主義者racen.民族；種族單句語法填空(1)MrBrownisreallya________(race)becauseheoftenshowsracialprejudice.(2)Asamanof___________(race),MrJacksonalwaysbelieveshisownracesuperiortoothers’.(3)Thesechildrenareallfrom________(race)mixedfamilies.(4)Weexpecttoliveinaworld,wherepeopleofall________(race)liveandworkinpeace.racialistraciallyracialismraces20．complicatedadj.復(fù)雜的；難懂的acomplicatedsystem復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)complicatevt.使復(fù)雜化；使惡化完成句子(1)Thisproblemis_____________________foryoutounderstand.這個問題太復(fù)雜，你理解不了。(2)Themachineshasavery______________________.這臺機(jī)器的系統(tǒng)非常復(fù)雜。toocomplicatedcomplicatedsystemreal詞族realreally

adv確實reality

n現(xiàn)實realise

v實現(xiàn)realism

n現(xiàn)實主義……realisation

n

實現(xiàn)realist

n

現(xiàn)實主義者realistic

adj現(xiàn)實主義的寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.AnEnglish-languageversionofthebookisplannedfortheautumn.___________2.Theofficialversion

ofeventsisthatthepolicewereattackedandwerejusttryingtodefendthemselves.___________3.Howmanycoverversionshavebeenmadeofthesong“MyWay”?___________版本version說法翻唱版本寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Becarefulwiththosewinecups—theyareverydelicate.___________2.Thesuncaneasilydamageachild’sdelicate

skin.___________3.Ineedtospeaktoyouaboutaratherdelicatematter.___________

4.Sheservedthedishupondelicatewhiteplates.___________5.Wechoseadelicatepinkpatternforourbedroomcurtains.___________易碎的delicate嬌嫩的棘手的精美的柔和的guarantee寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Weguaranteetocompleteourmission.

____________2.I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseitdependsontheweather.____________3.Highereducationalevaluation（評估）isthemainpattern（模式）ofeducationalqualityguarantee. ____________

4.Icanoffermylandasaguarantee. ____________5.Thecarisstillunderguarantee,soyoushouldbeabletogetitrepairedfreeofcharge.

___________保證

不能保證

質(zhì)量保證抵押品

在保修期內(nèi)memory詞族選出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其正確形式填空。1.Iusually__________twentynewwordsadayandputthemtousewheneverpossible.（2010江蘇）2.Whateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittruly__________.（2019江蘇）3.Thepaintingwillbealasting__________toaremarkablewoman.4.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischanging__________.（2015安徽）5.Hundredsofpeoplecametotheservicetohonourthe__________doctor.memory,memorise,memorable,memorialmemorise

memorable

memorial

memory

memorial

名詞后綴-ismreal+-ism

→realism

n現(xiàn)實主義ideal+-ism→idealism

n理想主義tour+-ism→tourism

n觀光旅行；旅游業(yè)Buddha+-ism→B