初中反意疑問句講解及口訣

初中反意疑問句一、定義：反意疑問句又名附加疑問句。屬疑問句的一種，表示說話者對(duì)某事有一定看法，但又不完全確定，需要對(duì)方加以證實(shí)。二、結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)為述句+（反意疑問句）附加疑問句。如述部分為肯定式，疑問部分用否定式。反之，如述部分否定式，疑問部分用肯定式。疑問部分重復(fù)述句的主語（必須用代詞）和be,have或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等。如述句中沒有be,have或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則須另加（!。。如：Shehasgonetotown,hasn’tshe?她進(jìn)城了，對(duì)嗎？ （前肯后否）Sheisn’tbeautiful,isshe?她不漂亮，是嗎？ （前否后肯）Yes,sheis.（不，她很漂亮。）No,sheisn,t.（是的，她不漂亮。）Attention:1）附加疑問句的主語應(yīng)與述句的主語保持一致，且只能用人稱代詞替代。如：JohncomesfromBeijing,doesn,the?約翰來自，是不是？ThestudentsinGradeOnewon'tgotothepark,willthey?一年級(jí)的學(xué)生不去公園了，是嗎？2）附加疑問句的not必須與（匕?/助/情）縮寫3）附加疑問句的時(shí)態(tài)必須與述部分的時(shí)態(tài)一致口訣：反義疑問真好變，前后肯否相反地。有情要用情加主，有be要用be加主。若是無情又無be，要用do主來代替。Let'sgo特殊記，Shallwe提前要牢記。肯定英漢翻譯同，否定英漢翻譯異。三、反意疑問句的特殊用法.祈使句。祈使句后一般加willyou或won'tyou構(gòu)成反意疑問句，willyou多表示請(qǐng)求，won'tyou多表示提醒對(duì)方。述部分為否定的祈使句時(shí)，用willyou。Lookattheblackboard,willyou/won'tyou? Don,tdothatagain,willyou?特例Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句有兩種情況：1）Let's...,后的反意疑問句用shallwe。e.g.Let'sgohome,shallwe?2）Letus/me...后的反意疑問句用willyou。e.g.Letmehaveatry,willyou?.感嘆句。感嘆句后加反意疑問句時(shí)，其反意疑問句需用be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的否定形式加主語。Whatfineweather,isn'tit?Whatacleverboy,isn'the?.述部分主、謂語是Iam...時(shí)，反意疑問句用aren'tI或ain'tI,而不是amnotI（可用amInot）°I'mworkingnow,ain'tI/aren'tI?.當(dāng)述部分謂語動(dòng)詞是need或dare，且用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其反意疑問句需用do的適當(dāng)形式。若用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，疑問部分用dare或need構(gòu)成。Thequestionneedstobediscussed,doesn'tit?Weneedaskthemforhelp,needn'twe?Noonedarestotellthetruth,dothey? Youdaren'tgothere,dareyou?.當(dāng)述句中含有oughtto或usedto時(shí)，反意疑問句部分有兩種形式。Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn't/shouldn'the? Sheusedtoclimbthemountain,didn'tshe?/usedn'tshe?.述部分的主語是everything,nothing,anything,something,that,this,從句、不定式（短語）、動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)用代詞it。Somethingiswrongwithmyphone,isn’tit?Thatisaninterestingbook,isn’tit?Whatyouneedismoreimportant,isn’ti?Doingsportseverydayisgoodforyourhealth,isn’tit?.當(dāng)述部分的主語是指示代詞these或those時(shí)，其反意疑問句的主語用they°Thesearegrapes,aren'tthey? Thosearenotmybooks,arethey?.當(dāng)述部分的主語是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone,none,neither時(shí)，其反意疑問句的主語用he強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人、用they強(qiáng)調(diào)集體。Everyoneishere,aren'tthey?Anyonecandothat,cantthey?Nooneisinterestedinmath,arethey?/ishe?另：述部分的主語是eachof...結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，反意疑問句在強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用they，當(dāng)作個(gè)別時(shí)用he。.當(dāng)述部分的主語是不定代詞one時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語可以用one，也可用you(美式英語用he)°Oneshouldbereadytohelpothers,shouldn'tone?每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該樂于助人，是吧？10.當(dāng)述部分含有few,little,seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,not,no,noone,nobody,nothing,none,neither等否定詞時(shí)，其反意疑問句需用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。Heisneverlateforschool,ishe?Heisnotachildanymore,ishe?.當(dāng)含有否定含義的詞在述部分作動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，其反意疑問句用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。Yougotnothingfromhim,didyou?你從他那兒什么也沒得到，是嗎？.當(dāng)述部分含有impossible,unkind,useless,unhappy等否定前綴(un-,in-,dis-,im-)或后綴(-less)的詞語時(shí)，其后的反意疑問句依然用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisunfair,isntit?Thisshirtisinexpensive,isntit?Thatsoundsverydisappointing,isn'tit?.在復(fù)合句中Ithink(believe,suppose...)that...，如果主句是第一人稱，反意部分由從句決定，并且如果主句為否定，需要否定后移。Idon'tthinkhewillcome,willhe? Ithinkheisright,isn'the?但如果主句是二、三人稱，反意部分由主句決定。Itisreportedthattheseanimalsaredyingout,isntit?Theybelievedthathecoulddoit,didn'tthey?.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做謂語時(shí)(通常都是固定短語)，其反意疑問句的助動(dòng)詞要用do,does,did。Theyhadameetingjustnow,didn'tthey?Hehadagoodtimeattheparty,didn'the?但如果表示“有"的意思，其反意疑問句部分為do,does,did或者h(yuǎn)ave,has,had°Hehasalotoffriendshere,doesn't/hasn'the?Hedoesn'thaveanymoney,doeshe?Hehasn'tanymoney,hashe?.當(dāng)述部分有haveto或hadto時(shí)，其反意疑問句要用助動(dòng)詞的否定形式。Youhavetostudyhard,don'tyou?Shehadtohelphermothertodothelaundry,didn'tshe?.當(dāng)述部分是therebe句型時(shí)，其反意疑問句中要用there。Thereisabookonthedesk,isn'tthere? Thereusedtobeatemplehere,usedn’t/didn’tthere?Therewillbenoclassthisafternoon,willthere?Therehasbeenanaccident,hasn'tthere?.當(dāng)述部分有hadbetter+v.時(shí)，其反意疑問句中要用hadn’t/had。Wehadbettergotoschoolatonce,hadn’twe?Hehadbetternotgothere,hadhe?.當(dāng)述部分有wouldrather+v.或wouldliketo+v.時(shí)其反意疑問句中多用wouldn’t+主語。Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn’the?You’dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?.當(dāng)述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)，我們便要分析一下must的含義。如果must作“一定；要；必須”講，反意疑問句須用mustn’t或needn’t；而當(dāng)must作推測(cè)意義“一定是；必定”講時(shí)，反意疑問句則需根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)詞原形選用相應(yīng)的形式。1）Youmustgonow,mustn't/needn'tyou?Youmustn'tsmokehere,mustyou?（必須）2）Youmustbehungrynow,arentyou?Youmustknowit,dontyou? （對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的猜測(cè)）而must+havedone表示對(duì)過去情況的猜測(cè)：①如果有foralongtime,sofar,before,since等，反意疑問句部分用完成時(shí)。HemusthavelearnedEnglishfortenyears,hasn'the?②如果有l(wèi)astnight,tenyearsago,yesterday,theotherday等過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問句部分用過去時(shí)。Youmusthavewatchedthatfootballmatchlastnight,didn'tyou?③如果沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語，一般用have/has。.述部分含有29&or,for,but等引起的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，反意疑問句部分與鄰近分句保持一致。Wemuststudyhard,orweshallfail,shan'twe?.述部分含有neither…nor,notonly…butalso等連接主語時(shí)，反意疑問句部分主語用復(fù)數(shù)代詞。NeitheryounorIcandoit,canwe?NotonlyshebutalsoIpassedtheexam,didn'twe?.述部分的主語后有同位語從句或定語從句修飾時(shí)，疑問部分仍對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行反問。Thenewsthattheyfailedtheirdrivingtestdisappointedhim,didn'tit?.述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞是表示愿望的盯1$11，主語為I時(shí)，疑問部分常用mayI且前后兩部分均用肯定形式。Iwishtogohomenow,mayI?A.didn,ttheyB.don'tthey C.mustn'ttheyD.haven'tthey--Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,? --ButIfedityesterday.A.doyou B.willyou C.didn’tyou D.don’tyouNobodysaysawordabouttheincident,?A.isheB.doesn,theC.dotheyD.don'ttheyYounevertoldmewhyyouwerelatefortheclass,?A.were,ntyouB.didn,tyouC.hadyouD.didyouTheydarenotcallyouafool,?A.wouldtheyB.daredtheyC.darestheyD.daretheyThereisnotmuchnewsintoday,spaper,?A.isn'titB.arethereC.isthereD.aren,tthereThemanagercamehereinacar,? A.wa)e B.didheC.wasn'theD.didn,theShemusthavearrivedthereyesterday,?A.havesheB.mustsheC.didn,tsheD.mustn,tshePeterhardlyevergoestoparties,?A.doesn,theB.doheC.doesheD.isheWhatalovelyday,?A.doesntitB.isn'titC.shan,titD.hasn,titLetmedoit,?A.shallIB.shallweC.willyouD.willINothinghedidwasright,?A.didheB.wasitC.didn'titD.washeThereusedtobeachurchbehindthecemetery,?A.didn,tthereB.usedthereC.usedn,titD.didn,titHemustbeinthelibrarynow,?A.doesn5theB.mustn,theC.needn,theD.isn,theYouwouldrathernothavefish,you?A.hadntB.wouldn'tC.wouldD.had--Youarenotanewmember,areyou?--.Ijoinedonlyyesterday.A.No,I,mnot B.Yes,I,mnot C.No,Iam D.Yes,IamMysisteroftenneedshelpwithherstudy,?A.needsheB.needn,tsheC.doessheD.doesn,tsheYou,dbettersendforadoctorforyourmother,you?A.hadB.hadn,tC.wouldD.wouldn,tLetsgoswimming,?A.arentweB.shallweC.willyouD.won,tweLiMingcantbeintheclassroom,?A.canheB.isheC.can,theD.mustheHeoughttohavelookedafterhisfather,?A.oughtn,theB.oughthenottoC.oughtn,thetoD.oughtn,ttoheIhavenothingtodowiththematter,?A.haveIB.hasitC.

doI D.doesitHewasingoodheathwhenIsawhimlasttime,?A.wastheB.didn'theC.hadn’theD.hasn’theJohnhadhishaircutyesterdayafternoon,?A.haven’theB.didn’theC.hadn’theD.hasn’theNoneofthepupilsattendedthesportsmeet,?A.didtheyB.dotheyC.didn’ttheyD.don’ttheyI’dliketogowithyou,?A.hadIB.wouldn'tIC.hadn'tID.wouldIItisthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,?A.hasn'theB.isn'the C.isn’titD.hasn’titIsupposeheisserious,? A.doIB.don'tI C. isheD.isn’theShedislikesthisskirt,? A.doesn tsheB.does sheC.isn’tshe D.issheYoumustn'ttellittoyourmother,?A.mustyouB.doyouC.needyouD.willyouTheyhavetofacethedifficulty,?A.haven'ttheyB.don'ttheyC.dotheyD.musttheyThemaninbluemustbeyourbrother,?A.mustntheB.needn’theC.isn’theD.isheIt'sexcitingtoplaybungeejump,? 36.NothingisOK,?Tomwastohaveseenthefilmwithyouyesterday,?Hedoesn'tthinkthatyoucandoit,? 39.Idon'tthinkMikelikesthegame,?Petercan'thavereadthebook,? 41.Johnisgoingtohireacarforthetrip,?Alicemusthaveseenthenewly-releasedfilmyesterday,?ThereusedtobeatempleheretolearnEnglish,?Everyoneinourclasslikesplayingchess,? 45.Letthemcomplainaboutthebadservice,1? 47.IamyourEnglish46.Itisunnecessaryforyoutotryagain,teacher,?? 47.IamyourEnglish課后練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：There'shardlymilkinthebottle,there?A.no,isn'tB.some,is C. little,isn't D.any,isHehasneverriddenahorsebefore,?A.doesheB.hashe.Chasn'the D. doesn'theEverythingseemsallright,?A.doesit B. don'tthey C. won'tit D. doesn'titOnecan'tbetoomodest,can?A.one B. sheC.it D. weNoonefailedintheexam,?A.washeB.didoneC.didtheyD.didn'theNeitheryounorIamaartist,?A.amIB.aren’tweC.areweD.ain’tIHecan,tbeherfather,he?A.isB.isn,tC.canD.can,tTheyhavenotimetovisitthemusum,?A.dotheyB.haven,ttheyC.don'ttheyD.willtheyYou,dbettergoatonce,you?A.hadn,tB.didC.didn,tD.don,tYou'dratherworkthan play,you?A.hadn't B. wouldn'tC.didn,tD.mustn,tYoudarenotdothat,you? A.don,tB.do C. dareD. daren'tThesetoolsareuselessnow,?A.aretheyB.aren,ttheyC.isit D.isn,titHeusedtogetupat6:30,he?A.didn,theB.didheC.sedhe D.wouldn,theHeoughttowinthefirstprize,he?A.mustn,tB.oughtn,tC.shouldn,tD.BothBandC.—IguessshetaughtherselfEnglish,? —Yes.A.don,tIB.didsheC.doID.didn,tsheShedoesn,tthinkthatTomsingsbestintheclass,?A.doessheB.doesn,tsheC.doeshe D.doesn,theIfmyfatherwereherehewouldbeveryhappy,?A.weren,theB.wereheC.wouldn,theD.wouldhe中考真題集錦：E-mailisverypopulartoday.Peopleseldomwritelettersnow,?(09)A.didtheyB.dotheyC.didn,ttheyD.don,tthey——MillionsofpeopleknowaboutSusanBoylenow,?——,shebecomeswell-knownbecauseofhersuccessonBritainsGotTalent.(09)A.dothey;NoB.dothey;YesC.don,tthey;NoD.don,tthey;YesHe,sfedthedogandthecat,?(09)A.doesn,theB.isn,theC.wasn,theD.hasn,the--Arthurisresponsiblethenewspaper,isnthe?--,butJoyceis.She,sthechiefeditor.(09)A.of；Yes,heisn,tB.for；Yes,heisC.of；No,heis D.for；No,heisn't--It,saniceday,isntit?--.Letsgohikinginthemountain.(09貴港)A.Yes,itdoesB.No,itisn,tC.Itdoesn,tmatterD.Yes,itisIdon,tthinkshehasgonetoBeijing,?(09)A.hassheB.hasntsheC.doID.don,tINothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit,?(09)A.arenttheyB.isn,titC.isit--YoudontcomefromEngland,doyou?--.IcomefromAmerica.Howdoyouknowthat?(09)A.No,IdoB.Yes,IdoC.Yes,Idon’tD.No,Idon’tMom,mygrandfathergoesforawalkaftersuppereveryday,?(09海)A.doeshe B.ishe C.doesn,the D.isn'theDon,tforgettogivePollysomefoodandchangeherwater,?(09新疆)A.shallweB.willyouC.won'tyouD.doyouHehasneverbeentotheUnitedStates,?(04東城區(qū))A.isn'theB.doesn’theC.hasn,theD.hashe-I'mgoingtoworkforthe"HopeProject”(希望工程)duringthesummerholidays.—Metoo.ButIhearLiLi'smotherisill,shewon'tgo,?A.won'tsheB.willsheC.don'tIMr.GreenwenttoShenzhenonbusinesslastweek,?(04)A.isn'the B.doesn'theC.didn'the D.hasn'theYou'veneverseensuchabeautifulpicturebefore,?04)A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.haven'tyouTheladycouldn'tsayawordwhenshesawthesnake,?(04)A.couldthelady B.couldn'ttheladyC.couldshe D.couldn'tsheDon'tsmokeinthemeeting-room,?(04資陽)A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou—Youhaven'tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?—.HowIwishtogothere!(04)A.Yes,Ihave B.No,IhaveC.No,Ihaven't D.Yes,Ihaven't—Lindahadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,? (05呼和浩特)—,shegotuptoolate.A.hadshe;YesB.hadn,tshe;YesC.didshe;NoD.didn,tshe;No19.--Youdon,tcomefromEngland,doyou?--.IcomefromAustralia.(05隨州)A.No,IdoB.Yes,IdoC.Yes,IdonD.No,Idon,t—Howmanystudentsdoyouthinkarestillintheclassroomnow?(05)—Iamafraidtherearefewofthem,?A.arethere B.aren,tI C.aren,tthereD.amI—Lucydidn'tcometoschoo1yesterday,didshe?—thoughshewasnotfeelingverywell. (06)A.No,shedidn,tB.Yes,shedidC.Yes,shedidn,tD.No,shedid—Heisoft