Unit2-賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)課件

Unit2賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ)

主s謂v賓o簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句

一什么是賓語(yǔ)從句？試比較賓語(yǔ)從句的概念

在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。

WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：連接詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序不同連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句3.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which，

what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句2.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞:1.陳述句2.一般疑問(wèn)句3.特殊疑問(wèn)句thatif/whether原有的連接代詞和連接副詞1.Ihear(that)_______________________.2.Hesaid(that)______________________.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmoves由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略。aroundthesunObjectclauseswiththatWe’llhaveexamsnextFriday.UsingsayIcanhelphim.Theteachersays(that)we’llhaveexamsnextFriday.Thegirlsays(that)shecanhelphim.1.Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.(Ibelieve…)Ibelieve(that)Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

2.Itwasalittlecrowded.(Iguess…)

Iguess(that)itwasalittlecrowded.3.Theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.(Billthinks…)Billthinks(that)theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.4.TheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.(Iknow…)

Iknow(that)theWaterFestivalisreallyfun.5.MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.(Ihear…)Ihear(that)MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.6.Thefoodwasdelicious.(Hesays…)

Hesays（that)thefoodwasdelicious.連詞that不能省略的幾種情況在由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，由于連詞that只起引導(dǎo)功能，無(wú)具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中?？墒÷?。然而，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that則不能省略。1.從句的主語(yǔ)是that。如：

Hesaysthatthatisarealking’shat.

他說(shuō)那是一個(gè)真的王冠。2.that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如：

I’mafraidthatifyou’velostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：

Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.

卡片上寫著，它是古代演戲用的。4.若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞that可以省略。如：

Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.

她說(shuō)她要來(lái)，還要帶她的兒子來(lái)。TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars.ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars.PeoplethinkthathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier.WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem.ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?√√√IsJimin?Hasshetakenanymedicine?UsingwonderLiLeiwondersifJimisin.Thedoctorwondersifshehastakensomemedicine.疑問(wèn)句變賓語(yǔ)從句的步驟：1、把句子變?yōu)榭隙ň銲sJimathome?

Jimisathome.

2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?JuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.

3.Doeshelikesports?Helikessports.

4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?Theywillplaybasketballafterschool.變化方法：主句+if/whether+一般疑問(wèn)句。if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份，if/whether可互換。2.在句子前加上從屬連詞whether,if該一般疑問(wèn)句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问?。把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句IsJimathome?(Iwonder…)

Iwonderwhether/ifJimisathome.

2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?(Hewonders…)

Hewonderswhether/ifJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.

把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句

3.Doeshelikesports?(Doyouknow…)Doyouknowwhetherhelikessports?

4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?(Heasks…)Heaskswhethertheywillplaybasketballafterschool.Ⅰ.if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作“是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒(méi)有區(qū)別，可以換用。但if常用于口語(yǔ)中，whether比較正式。如：

Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.

米莉問(wèn)他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。

Thefishermanwantstoknowif/whetheritwillrain.

漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。Objectclauseswithifandwhether由if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Ⅱ.if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意賓語(yǔ)從句三要素，即連詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于if和whether連接的是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此要注意把從句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：

DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208?Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellmeif/whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208?其次要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化：

1.若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。如：

Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.

他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。2.若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用跟過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

Didthetrainleave?Shedidn’tknow.→Shedidn’tknowif/whetherthetrainhadleft.Ⅲ.if和whether的區(qū)別二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：1.賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不用if。如：

Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.

這是否對(duì)，我不能說(shuō)。2.賓語(yǔ)從句與ornot直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不能用if。如：

Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.

我不知道他明天是否來(lái)。3.與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用whether。如：

Shecan’tdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.

她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。4.從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether。如：

IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.

我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。5.賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用if，不能用whether。如：

Tomwantstoknowifhewon’tcomeheretomorrow.

湯姆想知道他明天是否不來(lái)這兒。6.if意為“假如，如果”時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，而whether沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。如：

IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.

假如西蒙明天來(lái)這兒，我將打電話告訴你。1.Idon'tknowifMr.Wang____onafieldtrip.Ifhe___onafieldtriptomorrow,pleasecallme.A.goes;willgoB.willgo;goesC.willgo;willgoD.goes;goes2.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisitBB3.Theywonderediftheteacher______usEnglishthenextterm.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taughtAChoosetherightanswers.5.Ihaven’tdecide____I’llgooutorstayathome.A.ifB.whenC.whyD.whether6.Iwanttoknow______helovesyou.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whoDC4.Theboyasked______anynoisefromoutside.A.whetherhadIheardB.whetherIhadheardC.whetherhaveIheardD.whetherIhaveheardBAC

7.Iwondered____ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty.A.whetherB.whyC.whereD.that8.I’dliketoknow_____ornot.A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.ifhewillcome改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句1.Willthetrainarriveontime?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_______thetrain______ontime.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.willarriveif/whether

cameif/whether

Completethesentences.1.我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。

Wearewondering__________________________________onMars.2.你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星上去嗎？

Couldyoutellme_____________________

__________________toMars?whether/ifwecanif/whethermanypeoplearegoingtomovegrowplants3.我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。

Idon'tknow_________________________anywashingathome.4.我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。

Iamworriedabout__________________

_________.whetherornothedoeswhetherIhurtherfeelings1.UncleWangcameuptosee__________therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather________ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.if/whetherwhether3.Idon’tknow__________togoorstay.4.________thatistrue,whatshouldwedo?whetherIf5.________theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell.

WhetherCompletethesentenceswithif/whether.賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序主句+連接詞

+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分.把下列賓語(yǔ)從句變?yōu)榉穸ň?。Ithinkthattheyarefuntowatch.

Idon’tthinkthattheyarefuntowatch.2.IbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

Idon’tbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.

三、賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化一般體現(xiàn)在主句的變化上。PleasetellmehowIcangothere.CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangothere?Don’ttellmehowIcangothere.四、賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主語(yǔ)又是第一人稱時(shí)，它后面接的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的動(dòng)詞，而從句用肯定形式．即：主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，否定在主句，翻譯在從句。

Translatethefollowingsentences.1.我認(rèn)為不會(huì)下雨．

I____________thatit____________.2.我認(rèn)為你的答案不對(duì).I_____________youranswer＿＿right.３.我們相信他還沒(méi)走.We_____________thathe____________.

don’tthink

willraindon’tthinkisdon’tbelieve

hasgonePractice:根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子的意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子1.我認(rèn)為瑪麗不回來(lái)了。

Idon’tthinkMary____________.2.山姆給我說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備去上海。

Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上還有沒(méi)有去北京的火車。

Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.willcome

was

leavingif/whether

()1.—Iwonder___________.—I'mafraidwe'llbelate.(2011山東青島)A.howwecanbeontimeB.whatwearegoingtodoC.whywegettoschoollate D.ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontime中考鏈接D()2.We’llplanttreestomorrow,andIdon’tknow_____Tomwillcomeandjoinus.(2011天津)A.ifB.whichC.whatD.whereA()3.—Doyouknow_______tomorrow?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.YoumaysurftheInternet.(2011湖南湘潭)A.whetherwillitrain

B.ifitwillrain

C.whetherdoesitrainB()4.—Mum,canwegototheartmuseumtomorrow?—Sure.Butfirstweshouldfindout________.(2011廣西南寧市)A.whatcanwedoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegothereD.ifitwillbeopenD()5.Wedon’tknow_______themeetingwillbeheldsoon.(2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭)A.when B.what

C.whether D.sinceC()5.—Mary,couldyoutellmeifyourmother____ourschoolsportsmeetingtomorrow?

—Ithinkshewillcometoschoolifshe_____free.(2011山東濱州)

A.willtakepartin;willbeB.takespartin;isC.willtakepartin;isD.takespartin;willbeC()6.Doyouknow______Guangzhoutomorrow?(2011肇慶)A.whethertheyleavefor

B.whetherwilltheyleaveforC.whethertheyareleavingforC()7.I'vedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering________youcouldgowithme.(2011江西省)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.whereA()8.—Doyouthink_____XiaoMingcanpassthehighschoolentranceexamornot?—Sorry,I’venoidea.(2011廣西百色)A.thatB.which

C.ifD.whetherD()9.Hesaidthatlight______muchfasterthansound.(2011山東棗莊)A.hastravelled B.went

C.travels D.travelledC()10.OvertheseyearsIhavehadanewunderstandingof____peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.(2012江蘇淮安)A.how B.what C.who D.whomA()11.Canyoutellme

inthefuture?(2012江蘇宿遷)A.howlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeC.whatlifewillbelikeD.whatwilllifebelikeC()12.—Doyouknow_____?—AttheendofJuly.(2012江蘇連云港)A.howsoonisyoursisterrunningbackhomeB.howoftenNancyfromherpenfriendC.whentheLondonOlympicGamesw