英語句子常見錯(cuò)誤

WhydoWesternwomenseldommarryChinesemen?1.Chinesemenareshy.2.Chineseboysarespoiled.3.Chinesemenareraciallyinsecure,especiallywhencomparedtoCaucasians.k??ke??n4.Chinesemenaretraditional.5.ChinesemencannotspeakEnglishwell.6.Chinesemenlovetosavemoney.Chinesepeopleareinclinedtosavetobuyahouse.Foreignguyswillspendmostofwhattheyearnandwillgofortopclothingbrandsoreatatfancyrestaurants.Thatdifferenceishugeintermsofromance.7.Chineseboysaretoobusystudyingandmenaretoobusyworking.8.Chineseguysarerelativelylesssocialandout-going.TheClinicofsentencemakingTypicalproblemsofspokenEnglish常見的英語口語問題：lGrammaticallywrong;lPoorpronunciationandintonation;lChineseEnglish(Chinglish);lLackofvocabulary;lLackoffluency.AtChristmasEve,JimwentwithhisfathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychooseabigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!Theyputtheminthecornerofthesittingroom.JimwascovereditwithalotofChristmaslight.Thesittingroomlookedreallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewasafireburninginthefireplace,buttheChristmastreelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimandhisparentssinginganddancinghappily...9.10.AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________on_________chose_______tall_______it動詞形介詞短語習(xí)慣用法要記住還要注意形和副代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninginthefireplace,buttheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimandhis9.____parentssinginganddancinghappily.10.____＼was＼_______lights_____________beautiful____and√∧were動詞形還要注意形和副動詞形名詞數(shù)冠詞連詞須關(guān)注英語句子常見錯(cuò)誤與分析一、

不一致

Disagreements所謂不一致，不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數(shù)的不一致、時(shí)態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等．

When

one

have

money,he

can

do

what

he

want

to.剖析：one是單數(shù)第三人稱，因而本句的have應(yīng)改為has

;同理，want應(yīng)改為wants.本句是典型的主謂不一致．改為：Once

one

has

money,he

can

do

what

he

wantsto.二、

修飾語錯(cuò)位

Misplaced

Modifiers

英語與漢語不同，同一個(gè)修飾語置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化．對于這一點(diǎn)中國學(xué)生往往沒有引起足夠的重視，因而造成了不必要的誤解．I

believe

I

can

do

it

well

and

I

will

better

know

the

world

outside

the

campus.分析：better位置不當(dāng)，應(yīng)置于句末．

三．

句子不完整

Sentence

Fragments

在口語中，交際雙方可借助手勢語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解．可是書面語就不同了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會令意思表達(dá)不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后，又想加些補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)發(fā)生．

There

are

many

ways

to

know

the

society.

For

example,by

TV,radio,newspaper

and

so

on.剖析：“for

example

by

TV,radio,newspaper

and

so

on

.”不是一個(gè)完整的句子，僅為一些不連貫的詞語，不能獨(dú)立成句．

改為：There

are

many

ways

to

know

society,for

example,by

TV,radioand

newspaper.四．

懸垂修飾語

Dangling

Modifiers

所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清．例1：At

the

age

of

ten,

my

grandfather

died.

這句中“at

the

age

of

ten”只點(diǎn)出十歲時(shí)，但沒有說明“誰”十歲時(shí)．按一般推理不可能是my

grandfather,

如果我們把這個(gè)懸垂修飾語改明確一點(diǎn)，全句就不那么費(fèi)解了．

改為：When

I

was

ten,

my

grandfather

died.

例2．

To

do

well

in

college,

good

grades

are

essential.

句中不定式短語

“to

do

well

in

college”

的邏輯主語不清楚．改為：

To

do

well

in

college,

a

student

needs

good

grades.

五．

詞性誤用

Misuse

of

Parts

of

Speech

“詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當(dāng)動詞用；形容詞當(dāng)副詞用；名詞當(dāng)動詞用等．

Nobody

can

negative

the

importance

of

money.

剖析：negative

系形容詞，誤作動詞。

改為：

Nobody

can

deny

the

importance

of

money.六、

指代不清

Ambiguous

Reference

of

Pronouns

指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清，或者先后所用的代詞不一致。

Mary

was

friendly

to

my

sister

because

she

wanted

her

to

be

her

bridesmaid.

讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結(jié)婚，誰將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對象加以明確，意思就一目了然了。改為：

Mary

was

friendly

to

my

sister

because

she

wanted

my

sister

to

be

her

bridesmaid.

七．

不間斷句子

Run-on

SentencesTherearemanywayswegettoknowtheoutsideworld.剖析：這個(gè)句子包含了兩層完整意思There

are

many

ways.We

get

to

know

the

outside

world.簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。改為:There

are

many

ways

for

us

to

learn

about

the

outside

world.

八．

措詞毛病

Troubles

in

DictionDiction

是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語的問題，作文中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤比比皆是。

The

increasing

use

of

chemical

obstacles

in

agriculture

also

makes

pollution.

(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)

The

increasing

use

of

chemical

substances

in

agriculture

also

causes/leads

to

pollution.九．

累贅

Redundancy語言以簡潔為貴。寫句子沒有一個(gè)多余的詞；寫段落沒有一個(gè)無必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組；能用詞組的不用從句或句子。如：

In

spite

of

the

fact

that

he

is

lazy,

I

like

him.

本句的“the

fact

that

he

is

lazy”系同位語從句，我們按照上述“能用詞組的不用從句”的規(guī)則，改為：In

spite

of

his

laziness,

I

like

him.十．

不連貫

Incoherence不連貫是指一個(gè)句子前言不對后語，或是結(jié)構(gòu)上不暢通。這也是學(xué)生常犯的毛病。

The

fresh

water,

it

is

the

most

important

things

of

the

earth.

剖析：The

fresh

water與逗號后的it不連貫。It與things在數(shù)方面不一致。

改為：

Fresh

water

is

the

most

important

thing

in

the

world.

十一．

綜合性語言錯(cuò)誤

Comprehensive

Misusage

所謂“綜合性語言錯(cuò)誤”，是指除了上述十種錯(cuò)誤以外，還有諸如時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，大小寫等方面的錯(cuò)誤。

Today,

Money

to

everybody

is

very

importance,

our’s

eat,

cloth,

live,

go,etc.

HaveyougotthoseChinglish?我很喜歡它。Iverylikeit.Ilikeitverymuch.這個(gè)價(jià)錢很合適。Thepriceisverysuitableforme.Thepriceisright.

Note：suitable(合適的、相配的)最常見的用法是以否定的形式出現(xiàn)在告示或通知上，如：Thefollowingprogramisnotsuitableforchildren.(下列節(jié)目兒童不宜)在這組句子中用后面的說法會更合適。你是做什么工作的？What’syourjob?Areyouworkingatthemoment?

Note：what’syourjob？這種說法難道也有毛病嗎？是的。因?yàn)槿绻恼勗拰ο髣倓偸I(yè)，如此直接的問法會讓對方有失面子，所以您要問：Areyouworkingatthemoment?接下來您才問：Whereareyouworkingthesedays?目前您在哪兒工作呢？Whatlineofworkareyouin?或者您從事哪個(gè)行業(yè)呢？我明天有事。Ihavesomethingtodotomorrow.SorrybutIamtiedupalldaytomorrow.

Note：用Ihavesomethingtodo來表示您很忙，這也完全是中國式的說法。因?yàn)槊繒r(shí)每刻我們都有事情要做，躺在那里睡大覺也是事情。所以您可以說我很忙，脫不開身：I’mtiedup.還有其他的說法：Ican’tmakeitatthattime.I’dloveto,butIcan’t,Ihavetostayathome.這事我做不了。IthinkIcan’t.Idon’tthinkIcan.

Note：這一組是個(gè)習(xí)慣問題，在語法上稱為否定前置，這就是漢語里面說“我想我不會”的時(shí)候，英語里面總是說“我不認(rèn)為我會”。我舞跳得也不好。Idon’tdancewelltoo.Iamnotaverygooddancereither.我很熱。Iamhot.It’shot.現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？Whattimeisitnow?Whattimeisit,please?

Note：Whattimeisitnow？這是一個(gè)直接從漢語翻譯過的句子，講英語的時(shí)候沒有必要說now,因?yàn)槟豢赡軉杦hattimewasityesterday,或者whattimeisittomorrow?還有一種說法是：Howarewedoingfortime?這句話在有時(shí)間限制的時(shí)候特別合適。我英語學(xué)得不好。MyEnglishispoor.Iamnot100%fluent,butatleastIamimproving.周五來參加我們的晚會嗎？WouldyouliketojoinourpartyonFriday?WouldyouliketocometoourpartyonFriday?Note：join往往是指參加俱樂部或者協(xié)會，如：joinahealthclub;jointheCommunistParty.事實(shí)上，常常與party搭配的動詞的come或者go。如gotoawildparty，或者cometoaChristmasparty。

對此我沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Ihavenoexperience.Idon’tknowmuchaboutthat.

Note：Ihavenoexperience這句話聽起來古里古怪，因?yàn)槟恍枰f：那方面我懂得不多，或者這方面我不在行，就行了。Iamnotreallyanexpertinthisarea.我沒有男朋友。Ihavenoboyfriend.Idon’thaveaboyfriend.

我身體健康。Mybodyishealthy.Iamingoodhealth./I’mhealthy.

太貴了！Thepriceistooexpensive/cheap.Thepriceistoohigh/ratherlow.

我們下了車。Wegotoffthecar.Wegotoutofthecar.

NMET2000Thedaybeforethespeechcontest(比賽)Englishteacher1._________talkedtome.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateall2._________wishedmesuccess,butitdidn’tmatterthatIwould3._________winornot.WhenIwasonthestagethenextday,Ifeltso4._________nervousasIshooklikealeaf.Thereweres