2021屆新高考英語仿真模擬卷(三)全國I卷 含答案

2021年新高考英語仿真模擬卷（三）（考試時(shí)間：90分鐘試卷滿分：120分）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoyoucontinuetobehealthyinsocialisolation?NASAislookingforpeopletospend8monthslockedinaRussianlabforanewexperiment.WhenhumansgotothemoonandtraveltoMars,theywillneedtobepreparedforlong-termspacetravelandevenlongerstaysonthesefar-offdestinations.Currently,NASA'sArtemisprogramaimstolandhumansonthemoonforthefirsttimesinceNASA'sApollo17missionlandedin1972.WhilethemoonisthemaingoalofNASA'sArtemisprogram,theagency'slargergoalistosendpeopletoMars.Butlong-termspacetravelandhabitationwon'tbeeasy.Suchmissionswillpresentbothphysicalandmentalchallengesasastronautsworktonotonlysurvive,butperformimportantscientificresearchinuniquelydifficultenvironments.IntheupcomingNASA-Russiaexperiment,agroupofpeoplewillliveinaclosedfacilityatRussia'sInstituteforBiomedicalProblems,whichisinMoscow.Thishabitatfacilitywasusedin2011fornotableseriesofRussianmock（模擬的）MarsmissionsknownasMars500.Duringthesemissions,groupsofpeoplespent520and105daysontwoseparatemissionsinthefacility.Thefacility,accordingtothestatement,willhave"environmentalfactorssimilartothoseastronautsareexpectedtoexperienceonfuturemissionstoMars".Thegroupofpeoplewillspend8monthslivingtogetherinisolationandworkingonscientificresearch.BylivingandworkinginthisMars-likeenvironment,participantsinthisstudywillhelpNASAresearchersbetterunderstandthepsychologicalandphysiological（心理和生理的）effectsofisolation.Thesemissionshelpresearchersnotonlyperformrelevantscienceexperimentsbutalsoseehowpeoplemightgetonunderstrangeconditionsforlongperiodsoftime.So,ifyou'refindingthatlivinginsocialisolationworksforyou,youmightbeparticularlywell-suitedforlivinginaMars-likeenvironmentandthiscouldbeforyou.Butfirst,youhavetoqualify.NASAislookingfor"highlymotivated"Americansbetweentheagesof30-55,whomustspeakbothRussianandEnglishfluentlyandhaveaMasterofScience,DoctorofPhilosophy,DoctorofMedicine,ormilitaryofficertraining.Applicantswithotherrelatedexperiencemayalsobeconsidered.Thosewhoarechosentobeapartofthisgroupwillbepaidfortheirwork.

1．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewexperiment?A．ItwillfindthebestwayforhumanstoliveonMars.B．Itisthefirstofitskindtobecarriedoutsince1972.C．ItispreparedforNASA'shumanspaceflightprogram.D．ItwilldecidethepeopletobesenttothemoonbyNASA．2．Whydoestheauthormention"Mars500"inthetext?A．Toexplainwhythefacilityhasbeenchosen.B．Tocomparethesimilaritiesamongrelatedmissions.C．ToshowRussia'sachievementinspaceexploration.D．Toindicatethenewexperimentwillhavegreatsuccess.3．WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?A．A．Theprocessoftheexperiment.C．Thepopularityoftheexperiment.4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Artemis:NASA'snewprogramC．NASA'sMarsexplorationprogramB．Thepurposesoftheexperiment.D．Thepreparationsfortheexperiment.B．Loveisolation?NASAwantsyou!D．WanttohaveatriptoMars?Come!BEveryonehasaphoneintheirpocketnowadays,buthowoftendowereallyusethemfortheiroriginalpurpose-tomakeacall?Telephonecultureisdisappearing.Whatbroughtustothismoment,andwhatareitseffects?“Noonepicksupthephoneanymore,”wroteAlexC．MadrigalonTheAtlant.iTchereflexofanswering-centu20th—telephonicculture—isgone.”Theshiftisofcoursedueinlargeparttomorecommunicationoptions:Textingwithphotos,videos,emojis,reactiongifs,linksandevenvoicemessagescanbeamoreattractiveoption.Textingislightandfun,notnearlyasdemandingofyourattentionasaphonecall.Itcanalsobedonewithmultiplepeopleatthesametime.Socialmedia,emailandvideocallshavealsoeatenawayattraditionalphonecalls.Inrecentyears,anotherreasonhascausedpeopletoignorephonecallscompletely:robocalls.Robocallsareautomatemessagesfromorganizationsverifyingyourphonenumberortelemarketerstryingtosellsomething.Americansreceived22.8billionrobocallshalfwaythrough2020,equalinganannualrateof45.6billion,slightlybelow2018numbers,accordingtoYouMail,arobocallprotectionserviceandblockingapp.Astelephoneculturedisappears,whatisthelossofasingularfamilyphonedoingtothefamilyunit?Earlylandlinephonesunifiedfamilymembers,whereasmobilephonesisolatethem.“Thesharedfamilyphoneservedasananchorforhome,”saidLukeFernandez,aWeberStateUniversitycomputer-scienceprofessorandco-authorofBored,Lonely,Angry,Stupid:FeelingsAboutTechnology,FromtheTelegraphtoTwitter.“Withsmartphoneswehavegainedmobilityandprivacy.Butthevalueofthehomehasbeendiminished,ashasitsabilitytoguideandmonitorfamilybehaviorandperhapsconnectfamiliesmoreclosely,”Fernandezsaid.Ofcourse,astechnologyprogresses,livesalwayschangeforbetterorforworse.Withthelossoftelephoneculture,familieswillneedtofindotherwaystounite.5．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Topointoutthedisadvantagesofthetraditionalphonecall.B．Tocallforthetraditionalphonetoadvancewiththetimes.C．Toencouragepeopletomakemorephonecallsandbeclosertofamily.D．Tointroducethecausesandeffectsofthedisappearingtelephoneculture.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Thetelephoneculturedisappearedjustbecauseoftoomanyrobocalls.B．Earlylandlinephonesareinconvenientandtheyseparatefamilymembers.C．Somecommunicationoptionsaremoreattractivethanthetraditionalphonecall.D．Textingwithmultiplepeopleatthesametimetakesupourattentiontoomuch.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminished”inParagraph7probablymean?A．ChangedB．DecreasedC．StrengthenedD．Continued8．What'stheauthor'sattitudetotheeffectsofthedisappearingtelephoneculture?A．Supportive.B．Opposed.C．Objective.D．Skeptical.CWithexamsjustaroundthecorner,nowisagoodtimetoexploresomeofUCL'slesser-knownstudyspacesandgetdowntosomerevision.Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.UCLSenateHouseHubUCLSenateHouseHubopenedin2015andprovides144studyspaces.What'smore,youcancheckhowmanyspacesareavailableonlinebeforeyouheadtotheplace.Locatedonthe3rdflooroftheSouthBlockofSenateHouse,thecenterhasroomforindividualandgroupstudyintraditionallibraryspaces,aswellasarmchairsandwi-ficoverage.UCLEastmanDentalLibraryThenewlyredecoratedUCLEastmanDentalLibraryislocatedhalfwayalongGray'sInnRoadandisopenfromMondaytoFriday,9:00am800pm.Thelibraryhas72studyspaces,andmanyITfacilities（equipmentwithaccesstotheInternet）.Thelibraryalsohasastudyroomformeetingsandacomputerclusterroomwithawhiteboard.UCLLanguage&SpeechScienceLibraryUCLLanguage&SpeechScienceLibrary（LASS）hasdisabledaccessandhasrecentlybeendecoratedtoaddextrastudyspaces.Withonly49spaces,LASSissmallerthanmostotherUCLlibrariesandtendstofillupquickly,sogetthereearlytoavoiddisappointment.SenateHouseLibraryThisonemaybecheatingastheSenateHouseLibraryisnottechnicallyaUCLlibrary.However,allUCLstudentsandstaffcanregisterforfreemembershiponline.Withmillionsofbooksandjournals,SenateHouseLibraryofferssomeplacesalittlelessusedbyUCLstudentsbutperfectforstudentswhowanttofocusonsomehardwork.9．Thefourplacesaremainlyintroducedtosomeonewho.A．likeslearningonlineB．preferstostudyinwidely-knownlibrariesC．lovesreadingD．ispreparingforexams10．WhatshouldstudentsdoonlinebeforetheygotoUCLSenateHouseHub?A．Checkwhetherthereareavailableseats.B．TaketheMembershipCard.C．Makeanappointmentinadvance.D．Checkthelibrary'sopeninghours.11．HowmanylibrariescanofferInternetservices?A．Four.B．One.C．Two.D．Three.DScientistshaveanunlikelynewhelperwhileexploringtheEarth'scrust（地殼）deepbeneaththeocean:Finwhales.Newresearch,publishedThursdayinScience,findstheseFinwhalecalls‘soundwavescanhelpcreateimagesoftheseafloordownto2.5kilometers.Seafloorimaging,whichisimportantforstudyingthingslikeearthquakemechanicsandcarbonstoragecapacity,typicallyuseslargeairgunsthatsendwavesofsounddownwards.Thesoundwavesgothroughthecrustandbouncebacktoinstrumentsontheseafloor,carryinginformationaboutthestructurestheytravelthrough.Butsuchsurveysareexpensive,andtheguns'explosivenoisemayinterruptseacreaturesthatusesoundtocommunicate.VaclavKuna,thestudyco-author,wasstudyingearthquakeswhenhenoticedstrangereadingsontheseafloorseismic（地震的）instruments,whichturnedouttomatchthefrequenciesoffinwhalecalls.Whalesongsoftenappearinsuchinstruments'records,saysEmilyRoland,amarineseismologistattheUniversityofWashington.Seismologistsusuallyseethesesignalsasannoyance.Kuna,however,noticedthatthesignalswerenotcomingdirectlyfromthewhales,butwereechoes（回聲）bouncingbackfromwithinthecrust.Thistechniquedoeshavelimitations,Kunasays.Finwhalesongsarelimitedinfrequency,meaningthesubsurfaceimagesarenotasclearasthosemadewithairguns.Additionally,arenativelyflatseafloorisneededtotriangulate（作三角測(cè)量）thewhales'positionswhilemultiplestationswouldbeneededinunevenormountainousregions,headds.Nevertheless,thesewhalesarefoundalmosteverywhereexcepttheice-coveredareasoftheArctic.Thewhalecalls'wideexistencemeanstheycouldprovidenewinsightintooldseismicdatasets,Rolandsays.“Atleastthewhalesongscanserveasanadditionalsourceofsignals.Theyarefreeandtheyarealwaysthere,”Kunasays.“It'sawin-win.”12．WhatdoweknowaboutseafloorimaginginParagraph2?A．Itmayaffectsomeseaanimals.B．Itcanhelppredictearthquakes.C．Itisnodcompletelyaccurate.D．Itisenvironmentally-friendly.13．Whatcanweinferaboutfinwhalecalls?A．Theycanhelpscientiststolocatetheirhabitats.B．Theyareseasytorecordandmeasureintheocean.C．Theyarelikelytobeusedforseafloorimaging.D．Theyhavedifferentfrequenciesamongfinwhales.14．Whatisthepotentialuseoffinwhalesongs?A．Conveyingmessagesbetweenwhales.B．Workingasanextrasourceofsignals.C．Providingusefulinsightsintowhales.D．Exploringtheice-coveredareasoftheArctic.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FinWhaleCallsRevealStructurebeneathOceanFloorB．FinWhalesCommunicatebySingingSpecialSongsC．FinWhaleConservationIsaWin-winMoveforAllD．SeafloorImagingHelpstoLocateMoreResources第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2?5分，滿分12?5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopleofallagesareconcernedaboutthespreadofthecoronavirus,andteenagers,asagroup,tendtoexperienceemotionsespeciallyintenselv.Ifyouareraising,teachingorotherwisecaringforanadolescentwhoisfeelingverynervousaboutit,youmaybeatalosssometimes.16..NormalizeAnxietyAnxietycanbehealthy.Butnotalladolescents,oradults,knowthatittypicallyactsasausefulandprotectiveemotion.17..Theycanalsoencourageteenagerstochanneltheirdiscomfortintousefulaction.18.Adolescentswillkeeptheirworriesaboutthecoronavirusatanappropriatelevelbymakingsuretheydon'toverestimatethedangersorunderestimatetheirabilitytoprotectthemselvesfromthesedangers.Soit'swisetokeeptheminformedofthelatestupdates.ShifttheSpotlightDaringdifficulttimes,researchsuggeststhatteenagersfeelbetterwhentheyturntheirattentiontosupportingothers.EncourageDistraction（分心）Whenwefocusondangers,anxietygrows.19..Youmighthelpencouragefindingdistractions.suchasaskingthemtodotheirhomeworkorwatchafavoriteshow.ManageYourOwnAnxietyAnxiousparentsaremorelikelytohaveanxiousteenagers.Beforetryingtosupportananxiousteenager,tenseadultsshouldtakestepstocalmyourownnerves.20.OfferFacts.KillDangers.Herearefivethingswhichcanbeofsomehelp.Whenweturnourattentionelsewhere,itshrinks.Todoso,youcanusethesamestrategiesoutlinedabove.Parentsaresometimesfearfulinawaythatputstheirchildrenonedge.Adultscanhelpyoungpeopleappreciatethathealthyanxietyhasacertainpurpose.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）JadelivesinAustralia,acountryfamousforkangaroos,butnotforsnow.Yetat12,she21toskiattheNorthPole.Despitethelackof22trainingspace,Jadestillbuilther23atthegym.Sheranwithgianttyresattachedtoherwaistto24whatitwasliketopullasledacrossice.Bytheageof14,Jadewas25.Thefarnorthisnotablankcarpetofsoftsnow,butJade26thetoughconditions.Eventhougheverypartofherbodywas27,sheneverthoughtofgivingup.InApril2016,Jademade28,becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.Whentalkingabouther29,shestatedthateveryhumanbodyis30,whetheryouareamanorawoman.Butwhenthetalkwaspostedonline,someInternetbullieswrote31commentslike“Makemeasandwich”tomakeherfeel32.Toprovewomen'splaceisfarbeyondthe33,JadeandherteampushedontotheSouthPoleandmadeit.Holdingaplatewithasandwich,Jade34hadherphototakenandpostedonline.Shedaredthebullies,“Imadeyouasandwich.Now3537daysand600kmtotheSouthPole,andyoucaneatit.”21.A.managedB.decidedC.offeredD.afforded22.A.authenticB.largeC.comfortableD.private23.A.careerB.confidenceC.strengthD.team24.A.tellB.feelC.rememberD.share25.A.matureB.determinedC.availableD.ready26.A.bravedB.improvedC.predictedD.identified27.A.workingB.refusingC.bleedingD.aching28.A.progressB.promisesC.historyD.efforts29.A.hobbyB.adventureC.advantageD.award30.A.complexB.beautifulC.amazingD.valuable31.A.meanB.kindC.briefD.fair32.A.puzzledB.smallC.nervousD.worried33.A.gymB.fieldC.kitchenD.office34.A.unwillinglyB.casuallyC.secretlyD.proudly35.A.skiB.walkC.runD.cycle第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anappleadaykeepsthedoctorawayisarhymemanyofuscanrecallfromourchildhoods--anditmayholdsome36.(true).Applesarerichinantioxidantscalledflavonoids,whichhavebeenshown37.(lower)theriskofaprematuredeath,particularlyfromheartdisease.Thepopularfruithasalsobeenlinkedtoa3.8(reduce)riskoftype2diabetesandevensomecancers.Applesalsoactasatoothbrush,cleaningteethandkillingbacteriainthemouth.39.mayreducetheriskoftoothdecay.They'realsolowincaloriedensity,oneofthetrademarksofahealthyfood.Whenafoodislowincaloriedensityyoucaneatgoodsizeportionsofthefoodforrelativelyfewcalories.40.(addition),applesareaffordableandreadilyavailable.Withallofthisinformational,iseasytoseethat,yes,anapplehasitshealthbenefits.Butdoeseatinganappleeverydaymeanyou'llnevergetsick?Notlikely.Variousstudiesshowhealthbenefitswhen42.(participate)eatanapplebetweenthreeandfivetimesaweek,butallailments(微恙，小疾)cannotbecuredbydietalone.Whileanappleadaywillgoalongwaytoward43(keep)thedoctoraway,mostnutritionistsrecommendavarieddiet.Inaddition44.apples,fillyourshoppingcartwithcitrusfruits,tropicaltreatslikemangos,andavarietyofberries,whichpackanutritionalpunch.Eatingseveralservingsofavariedselectionoffruitseachday45.(be)trulythebestwaytokeepthedoctoraway.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)一家學(xué)生英文報(bào)社正在面向中學(xué)生開展以“我愛我班”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫一篇英文稿件，介紹你為班級(jí)做的最有意義的一件事，內(nèi)容包括：事情起因和背景；事情過程的介紹；收獲和個(gè)人感受。詞數(shù)100左右；不得出現(xiàn)與本人相關(guān)的真實(shí)信息；可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Lilylovedschool.However,therewasoneclassLilyworriedaboutmorethananyother—art.Shedidn'tknowwhyshejustwasn'tanygoodatdrawing,painting,orcutting.Ms.Clay,theartteacher,stoodatthefrontoftheroom.“Class,nextFridayourschoolisgoingtohaveanartcompetition,”sheannounced.Ms.Claywasagreatteacher,andLilylikedheralot.ButthisannouncementmadeLilynervous.“Everyoneintheschoolwillcreateapieceofartworktoshowinthelibrary.Youcanusethedifferenttypesofartworkwehavebeenstudying.”Ms.ClaywasquiteexcitedwhenshespokewhileLilyfoundherselfsinkinglowerinherchair.Lilyhadthewholeweekendtoworkonherproject,butshecouldnotthinkofanythingtodo.OnMonday,Lilyfeltfrightened,soafterschoolLilyaskedMs.Clayifshecouldwriteanartpaperinsteadofdoinganartproject.“Iunderstandthisprojectscaredyou,Lily,”Ms.Claysaid.“Justremember,youcancreateanykindofartyouwant.”Ms.Claysmiledather.“Artisaperson'swayofexpressinghisorherfeelings—itisn'talwayspainting,drawing,orcutting.Iknowyouwillthinkofsomethingverycreative,andIcan'twaittoseeit.”WhenLilyarrivedhome,shetookoutapieceofpaperandapencil.SherememberedMs.Clay'swords.“Artisaperson'swayofexpressinghisorherfeelings.”Lilywrotetheword“terrified”onherpaper.Shecrumpled（揉皺）thepaperandthrewittothesideofherdesk.ThenLilystaredatthecrumpledball.Suddenlyanideastruckher.Paragraph1：Whynotcreatesomethingoutofcru