專業(yè)英語八級(jí)模擬試卷563(題后含答案及解析)

專業(yè)英語八級(jí)模擬試卷563(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION2.READINGCOMPREHENSION3.GENERALKNOWLEDGE4.PROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION5.TRANSLATION6.WRITINGPARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(35MIN)SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREDirections:Inthissectionyousillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.聽力原文：Note-TakingGoodmorning.I’dliketobeginbysayinghowpleasedIamthatsomanyofyouhavecometothefirstofourstudyskillssessionsthisterm.TodayI’lltalkabouthowtotakenotes.Note-takingisquiteaninterestingtopictodiscuss.FirstIwouldask,whydoyoutakenotes?Ithinkyoumightconsidertworeasons.First,notesareanaidtomemory.Obviouslyifyouarereadingforalongessayoveraperiodofweeks,orfortwoorthreeessayssimultaneously,(1)thenyoumusthavesomesystemsofsortingandrecallingtheinformationyouwillneedwhenyoufinallycometoplanandwritetheessay.Second,yournotesprovidetherawmaterialonwhichyourmindmustworkinrelationtoyoursetessaytopic.Andyouwillneedcertaintypesofinformation,suchas;facts,figuresanddirectquotations.Theymustbeavailablequicklyandaccurately,Whenyoutakenotes,theprocessofdoingithelpsyoutosummarizeideasandarguments,selectpointsrelevanttoyourpurpose,andfinallyunderstandandinterprettheoriginalsource.Sonote-takingisanimportantstageindevelopingyourunderstandingofyourtopic.Yournoteswillprovidethebasisforyourthinkingandthematerialsforyouressay.Youmayask;whendoItakenotes?Itreallydependsonyourownpurposeandthestageofreadingyouhavereached.Inyourearlystagesofreadingwhenyouareskimmingmaterialofageneralnature,youwillprobablynotwanttomakeanynotesatall,untilafteryouhavefinishedyourskimmingandhavegotafeelforthesubject.Thenyoumayfinditusefultogobackandmakenotesonthepointsorsectionwithinthegeneralsurveywhichseemedimportanttoyou.Atalaterstageofreading,whenyoucanrecognizetounderlinekeypointsormakemarginalnotes,youwillprobablywanttodothiswithessentialsourcematerialsororiginaltextswhichyoumuststudyindetailandrefertoconstantly.Nowwecometothequestion;whatdoyounote,andhowmuchdoyoutakenotesfromreading?Weoftenconsiderthefollowingthreeways:First,whatisthewriter’sintentioninthepassage?Youknowthewriterhasselectedandstructuredhismaterialtosuithisintentions,buttheseareunlikelytobepreciselythesamefocusasyouressaytopic.Therefore,whilerecognizingthewriter’sownpurpose,youmustsifthisinformationandideasaccordingtoyourowninterests.Thesameholdstrueforlecturesandtutorials.Andthen,thedisciplineinwhichyouareworking.Indisciplinesinwhichyouareworkingwithoriginalsources,forexample,historyorliterature,(5)you,willhavetoincludemanydirectquotationsinyournotes.Asyouwillwanttoincludesomeofthesequotationsinyouressay,youmustcopythemwithabsoluteaccuracy.Youmustremembertoattributetheworktotheoriginalwritertoo.Inotherdisciplinesyouwillmoreoftensummarizepassagesinyourownwords.Thelastisyourownpurposeinrelationtoyouressaytopic.(6)Ifyourpurposeisclear,youcanselectandrecordrelevantmaterialinasmuchdetailasyouwant.Somestudentsinsistthattheypreferalwaystotakedetailednotesbecause”itisallsointer-esting”or”itmaycomeinhandylater”or”thebookisastandardtextandsoitisworthwhilespendingtimeonit”.Well,maybe—butinpracticaltermsyouseldomhavetime.NowI’lldealwithourlastquestion;howdoyoutakenotes?Therearethreegeneralprinciplesthatapplytoallthemethodsofcompilingnotes:1.Clearidentification:(7)Yournotesmustbeclearlyheadedwithallthebibliographicaldetailsyoumaylaterneed.whenyouwanttousethesematerialsinyouressay.Inpracticethismeans(8)youmustrecordtheauthor.title.placeofpublication.publisherandedition,anddate.Andnexttoeachkeypointordirectquotationyoumustnotetheexactpagereference.Otherwiseitmayberecognizedplagiarism,whichmeansthatyouhavestolenothers’opinionsinyourownessay.2.Flexiblesystem:(9)Youshouldrecordyournotesinsuchawaythatiseasytorearrangethemforthepurposeofyouressay.Notesmadeonloose-leafpaperandcardshavetheadvantagethattheycanbeshuffled,combinedandreorganizedattheplanningandwritingstagesofyouressay.3.Roomforcomment:(10)Widemarginsareuseful.Asyoubuildupyourmaterialsyouwillfindyouwanttoaddcross-referencestoothersources.Youmayalsowanttoincludeyourowncommentsorreactionstothetext,orjustindicatethatacertainpointmaybecrucialtoyouressay.Mylectureisgoingtostophere.Beforeweend,Iwanttoemphasizemore.Note-takingisaverygoodwayinyoureverydaystudy.Whenyouarereading,youtakenotestoanswertheread-afterquestionsorforknowledgeaccumulations.Whenyouarewritingessaysortranslatingsomething,note-takingisessential.Asyoucannotalwaysmemorizeallthepassagesinashortperiodoftime,youmayrefertoyournoteswhenyou’rewritingortranslating,particularlyinterpreting.Thisistheendoftoday’slecture.Thanksforyourattention.Note-TakingI.Whytotakenotes?—Notesareanaidtomemory.Therearesystemof(1)_____andrecallingtheinformationyouwillneedwhenyouwriteanessay.—Notesprovidetherawmaterialofyoursetessaytopic.Theprocessoftakingnoteshelpsyouto(2)_____ideasandarguments,selectrelevantpoints.II.Whentotakenotes?—Intheearlystagesofreading,youmaymakenotesontheimportantpointsorsectionsafterfirstskimming.—Atalaterstage,youwillunderlinekeypointsofessential(3)_____materialsortexts.III.Whatandhowmuchtonote?—Youshouldknowthewriter’s(4)_____inthepassage.Itwillnotbepreciselythesamewithyouressaytopic.—Whenyouareworkinginhistoryorliterature,youwillhavetoincludemanydirect(5)_____inyournotes.—Youshouldkeepyourpurposeclear,sothatyoucanselectandrecordrelevantmaterialinasmuch(6)_____asyouwant.IV.Howtotakenotes?—Forclearidentification,yournotesmustbeheadedclearlywithallthe(7)_____facts.Youmustrecordtheauthor,title,placeof(8)_____,publisherandedition,anddate.—Youshouldsetupflexiblesystemsothatyoucan(9)_____yournoteseasily.—Youshouldleaveenoughspaceforcomment,so(10)_____areuseful.1．正確答案：sorting解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。做筆記有助于記憶。youmusthavesomesystemsofsortingandrecallingtheinformation，當(dāng)讀一篇較長(zhǎng)的文章時(shí)，做筆記有助于對(duì)信息分類和回顧，因此填人sorting。知識(shí)模塊：講座2．正確答案：summarize解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。做筆記的第二條原因是，筆記能夠提供原始素材。根據(jù)Whenyoutakenotes，theprocessofdoingithelpsyoutosummarizeideasandarguments，selectpointsrelevanttoyourpurpose，andfinallyunderstandandinterprettheoriginalsource．可知．此空應(yīng)填入summarize。知識(shí)模塊：講座3．正確答案：source／original解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。演講者講到做筆記的時(shí)機(jī)，認(rèn)為Atalaterstageofreading，whenyouCallrecognizetounderlinekeypointsormakemarginalnotes，youwillprobablywanttodothiswithessentialsourcematerialsororiginaltexts…，即在原始素材中把重點(diǎn)信息劃線加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，因此可填入source或original。知識(shí)模塊：講座4．正確答案：intention解析：本題為要點(diǎn)題。作者的第三個(gè)問題是，筆記記什么和記多少。第一點(diǎn)就是thewriter’sintentioninthepassage，即作者的寫作意圖。因此答案為intention。知識(shí)模塊：講座5．正確答案：quotations解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。演講者講到的第二點(diǎn)就是thediscipline，即所關(guān)注的學(xué)科。此處作者以歷史和文學(xué)舉例，在做筆記時(shí)，需要直接引用原文語句。因此填入quotations，指“引用語”。知識(shí)模塊：講座6．正確答案：detail解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。演講者講到了第三點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為Ifyourpurposeisclear，youcanselectandrecordrelevantmaterialinasmuchdetailasyouwant．如果目的明確清晰，就可以記錄盡量多的細(xì)節(jié)信息，故此處答案為detail。知識(shí)模塊：講座7．正確答案：bibliographical解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。此處演講者講到了如何做筆記。第一條就是。要有明確的說明。Yournotesmustbeclearlyheadedwithallthebibliographicaldetails…，做筆記時(shí)要記錄所有書目的詳細(xì)信息，故此處填人bibliographical。知識(shí)模塊：講座8．正確答案：publication解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。此處講到的是做筆記要記下書目的詳細(xì)信息，包括theauthor，title，placeofpublication，publisherandedition，anddate．And…theexactpagereference，否則，你使用的筆記可能被認(rèn)定為剽竊(plagiarism)。所以填入publication。知識(shí)模塊：講座9．正確答案：rearrange解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。演講者第二點(diǎn)講到做筆記時(shí)可以靈活使用活頁紙或卡片，thatiseasytorearrangethemforthepurposeofyouressay，這樣便于更好地安排你的筆記。故填入rearrange。知識(shí)模塊：講座10．正確答案：widemargins解析：本題為要點(diǎn)題。演講者最后講到要留有做評(píng)論的余地。Widemarginsareuseful，可以使頁邊空白寬一些，便于對(duì)筆記內(nèi)容進(jìn)行評(píng)論，因此填入widemargins。知識(shí)模塊：講座SECTIONBINTERVIEWDirections:InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.聽力原文：Mike:Let’sstartbytalkingaboutyoursomewhatunusualteachingsituation.WhenIvisitedyourclass,youhadstudentsfromgradesIthrough5.Whyisthat?Carol(CarolWilson):SinceIcamebacktoteachingin1992,Ihavebeenteachinggiftedstudentsinacontent-basedpull-outprogramattwoschools(twodaysateachschool).ThispastyearIpartiallyretiredandtaughtonlyatSandpiperElementarySchoolthreedaysaweek.Iteachfourthandfifthgraderstogetherfortwofulldaysandmyfirsttothirdgradersforonedayaweek.Forthemostpart,Itrytoclusterstudentsbyage,buteveryonceinawhile,whenwehaveasuitableproject,Ibringallthestudentstogether.Whenthestudentsheardyouwerecoming,theyaskediftheycouldallbeinclassthatday!Mike:Howisitworkingwithsuchadiversegroup?Carol:Forshortperiodsandforspecificprojects,workingwiththeentiregroupisfine.Theolderstudentsareprettygoodatmodellingandsupportingtheyoungerstudents,andtheyoungerstudentsenjoyinteractingwiththeolderstudents.Butundernormalcircumstancesit’seasierworkingwithgroupsthatarecloserinage.Eventhoughthegiftedstudentsaremorehomogenouswithrespecttotheirskills,theirmaturitydifferencesaresuchthatitisintheirbestintereststospendmostoftheirtimewiththeiragepeers.Mike:Whatroledoestechnologyplayinyourstudents’learning?Carol:Didn’tyouoncesaythatweusedmorechalkthantechnologyinourrooms?Thatisreallytrue.TenyearsagoIhadoneAppleIIinmyroom!Iwantedaccesstomoretechnology,soIstartedwritinggrants.I’vemanagedtogetenoughgrants(45inall)toensurethatwehave.accesstovirtuallyeverykindoftechnologyyoucanimagine.Whatisperhapsmoreimportantisthatitiscompletelyintegratedintoteachingandlearning.Weusetechnologywhenit’sappropriate,butwedon’tforceit.Mike:Canyoutellmemoreabouthowyouusetechnologytopromotestudentlearning?Carol:TechnologyisapowerfultoolthatIusetoenhance,enrich,andextendmycurriculum.Iuseaproject/performance-basedapproachwheretechnologyisintegratedintoeveryareaofathematicstudy,andtechnologyisusedasastudentpresentationtool,motivationaltool,andinstructionaltool.Ourdailylearningandintegrationprocessincludeswordprocessing,accessinginformationfromaCD-ROMandtheinternet,anddesigningmultimediapresentationsanddocumentingwiththedigitalcamera,35mmcamera,andvideocamera.Thechildrenconductresearch,designprojects,andcreatemultimediapresentationscenteredontheintegratedcurriculum.Mike:Whatkindofimpactdocsthisapproachhaveonyourstudents?Carol:Technologybecomesnotonlyfunandinteresting,butalsomeaningfulandimmediatelyusefulforstudentsinschool.Theyaremoreengagedintheirlearning.Itisdifficulttobeboredusingtechnology,becauseitwilldriveyourstudentstobecomemoreinvolvedintheirownlearning.Mike:Howdoyouusetechnologytoevaluate/assessstudents’work/projects?Carol:Thestudentsdocumenttheirlearningwithanongoingvideoandwithaphotojournalinwhichtheyreflectabouttheirworkthroughphotographstakenofeveryproject--theyask“WhatdidIdo,whydidIdoit,whatdidIlearn,whatcanIdotoimprove?”Attheendoftheyear,thestudentsexplaintheirphotojournalsandtheongoingvideototheirparentsinastudent-ledconference.Inthisway,theyreallytakeownershipoftheirwork.SinceIhavesomechildrenforfiveyears,itisfuntowatchthemmatureovertheyears.Theyendupwithaverylongvideotapetokeepofalltheirpresentationsaswellasfivephotojournals.Itellthemtosavethemtoshowtotheirgrandchildren.Mike:OneofyourprojectsthatmostimpressedmewasyourJuniorToastmastersproject.Howdidthisgetstarted?Carol:Duringmysecondyearteaching,acolleaguetoldmeaboutToastmastersInternational(anon-profitorganizationofferingpeoplethechancetolearnpublicspeakingthroughparticipationinclubs).IhadaToastmastervisittheclassandteachtheprogramfor10weeks.ThestudentsloveditandwehavekeptaninformalToastmastersgroupgoingeversince.WearenotaffiliatedwithToastmastersInternational,butmystudentsenjoyemulatingthegroup’smissionofpublicspeaking.Mike:Um...Carol:Mystudentswouldtellyouthataccomplishedspeakersdon’tusecrutchwordslike“urn”whentheyspeak!Actually,thereisprobablynobetterwaytointegratereading,writing,speaking,andlisteningthanwithToastmasters.inaddition,thestudentsusetechnologytodoresearchabouttheirspeakingtopicsandtodeveloptheirpresentations.Theypresenttheirfinalspeechtoparentsandpeersatourstudent-ledconference.Theseend-of-yearpresentationsareprettyextraordinary,andthestudentsputanenormousamountofeffortintothem.11．CarolWilson______.A．isanadvocateofgroupingstudentsofdifferentgradestogetherwheneverpossibleB．enjoysbringingtogetherstudentswhenthere’snoparticularprojectforacertaingradeC．thinksthatinmostcasesit’seasierworkingwithgroupsthatarecloserinageD．findsthatwhengroupedtogether,youngerstudentsarelessconfidentandshytoaskquestions正確答案：C解析：根據(jù)原文(undernormalcircumstancesit’seasierworkingwithgroupsthatarecloserinage，即通常情況下將年齡接近的學(xué)生安排在一起上課會(huì)比較容易)，所以選項(xiàng)中C符合原意。12．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttechnologyisNOTmentionedbyCarolWilson?A．Technologywasnotasprevalentintheclassroomtenyearsagoasitisnow.B．Technologymustbeintegratedintoteachingandlearning.C．It’snotnecessarytousetechnologyunlessitisappropriate.D．It’simportantthattheclassroombeequippedwithupgradeabledevices.正確答案：D解析：原文提到了A(Didn’tyouoncesaythatweusedmorechalkthantechnologyinourrooms?Thatisreallytrue．即你不是曾說過我們教室里粉筆比技術(shù)要用得更多嗎?你說的沒錯(cuò)。)；B(Whatisperhapsmoreimportantisthatitiscompletelyintegratedintoteachingandlearning．即更為重要的是技術(shù)必須同教學(xué)相結(jié)合。)；C(Weusetechnologywhenit’sappropriate，butwedon’tforceit.即我們?cè)谇‘?dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候使用技術(shù)，但我們并不強(qiáng)迫使用技術(shù)。)。文中卻并沒有提到D，即教室里的設(shè)備必須能夠升級(jí)。因此，此題答案為D。13．WhichofthefollowingdoesCarolWilsonNOTusetechnologytodowithherstudents?A．Toenrichhexcurriculum.B．Topublishthestudents’researchontheInternet.C．Asastudentpresentationtool.D．Toaccessinformation.正確答案：B解析：文中提到了A(TechnologyisapowerfultoolthatIusetoenhance,enrich,andextendmycurriculum,即技術(shù)0B用來豐富并拓展課程安排)；C(technologyisusedasastudentpresentationtool，技術(shù)可以成為學(xué)生展示的工具)；D(Ourdailylearningandintegrationprocessincludeswordprocessing，accessinginformationfromaCD-ROMandtheInternet，即日常學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)生通過光盤和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲得信息)。但并沒有提到B(Topublishthestudents’researchontheInternet，即在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)面學(xué)生的研究成果)。14．Withtechnologyintegratedintotheclassroom,thestudentsdoNOT______.A．findlearningmoreinterestingB．becomemoreinvolvedinwhattheyarelearningC．canbeevaluatedwiththeirphotojournalsD．growtobeexpertsindigitaltechnology正確答案：D解析：采訪中提到通過把技術(shù)與教學(xué)結(jié)合，學(xué)生們學(xué)得更有興趣(Technologybecomesnotonlyfunandinteresting)，即A；提到了學(xué)生參與程度更高，即(Theyaremoreengagedintheirlearning...driveyourstudentstobecomemoreinvolvedintheirownlearning)，即B；提到了如何評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生(Thestudentsdocumenttheirlearningwithanongoingvideoandwithaphotojournalinwhichtheyreflectabouttheirworkthroughphotographstakenofeveryproject)，即C。但沒有說學(xué)生都成了數(shù)字技術(shù)方面的專家，所以此題的答案為D。15．JuniorToastmastersprojectaimsathelpingstudentstolearn______.A．publicspeakingB．howtoaccessinformationontheInternetC．computertechnologyD．digitalphotography正確答案：A解析：文中提到組織JuniorToastmastersproject的機(jī)構(gòu)ToastmastersInternational為非盈利性組織，旨在提供人們學(xué)習(xí)公開演講的機(jī)會(huì)[(Duringmysecondyearteaching,acolleaguetoldmeaboutToastmastersInternational(anon-profitorganizationofferingpeoplethechancetolearnpublicspeakingthroughparticipationinclubs)]。所以本題答案為A。SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTDirections:InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Attheendofeachnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.聽力原文：China’seconomyshowedunexpectedstrengthinthesecondquarterasindustrialoutputandinvestmentremainedrobustdespitegovernmentattemptstoengineeraslowdown,dataonWednesdayshowed.China’sgrossdomesticproductinthesecondquartergrew9.5percentfromayearearlier,abovemarketestimatesfora9.3percentrise.Itwastheeighthstraightquarterofannualgrowthover9percent.Manyeconomists,pointingtofallingoildemandandweakersteelandpropertyprices,hadexpectedamoderateslowdowningrowthforthesecondquarterandtherestoftheyear.“Theneedforslowingtheeconomyisstillquiteobvious,‘a(chǎn)lthoughtherearepeoplearguingtherewillbesomeadjustmentcorningthroughautomaticallyascompanymarginsarebeingsqueezed,”saidYipingHuang,aCitigroupeconomistinHongKong.“Therearestillsomeproblemsintheeconomythatpolicymakersneedtoaddress,”headded.Wednesday’sdatashowedgrowthstillbeingfueledbyanexportboom,asensitivepoliticalissuebetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.ThestrengthoftheeconomymayreinforcetheconvictionofcriticsinWashingtonandelsewherethattheyuan’spegof8.28tothedollarisunfairlylow,butanalystsdiscernednonewtrendsinthedatatoaddurgencytothecurrencyreformdebate.“Thisdatashouldn’thaveanyimplicationsforayuanrevaluation.That’sanotherstory,”saidYasuoSone,aneconomistwithNomuraInternationalinHongKong.16．A______riseofindustrialoutputhadbeenexpectedofthesecondquarter.A．8%B．9%C．9.3%D．9.5%正確答案：C17．Accordingtothenewsitem,______wasthemaindrivingforceforthehighrateofindustrialoutputinthesecondquarter.A．robustinvestmentB．rapidexportincreaseC．theyuan’spegof8.28tothedollarD．fallingoildemandandlowersteelandpropertyprices正確答案：BPARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)Directions:Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.TheCulturalRevivalintheByzantineEmpireBetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesA.D.,theByzantineEmpirestagedanalmostunparalleledeconomicandculturalrevival,arecoverythatisallthemorestrikingbecauseitfollowedalongperiodofsevereinternaldecline.Bytheearlyeighthcentury,theempirehadlostroughlytwo-thirdsoftheterritoryithadpossessedintheyear600,anditsremainingareawasbeingraidedbyArabsandBulgarians,whoattimesthreatenedtotakeConstantinopleandextinguishedtheempirealtogether.Thewealthofthestateanditssubjectswasgreatlydiminished,andartisticandliteraryproductionhadvirtuallyceased.Bytheearlyeleventhcentury,howevertheempirehadregainedalmosthalfofitslostpossessions,itsnewfrontiersweresecure,anditsinfluenceextendedfarbeyonditsborders.Theeconomyhadrecovered,thetreasurywasfull,andartandscholarshiphadadvanced.ToconsidertheByzantinemilitary,cultural,andeconomicadvancesasdifferentiatedaspectsofasinglephenomenonisreasonable.Afterall,thesethreeformsofprogresshavegonetogetherinanumberofstatesandcivilizations.RomeunderAugustusandfifth-centuryAthensprovidethemostobviousexamplesinantiquity.Moreover,anexaminationoftheapparentsequentialconnectionsamongmilitary,economic,andculturalformsofprogressmighthelpexplainthedynamicsofhistoricalchange.ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantinewouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantinemilitaryachievementsledtoeconomicadvances,whichinturnledtoculturalrevival.Nodoubtthishypotheticalpatterndidapplyattimesduringthecourseoftherecovery.Yetitisnotclearthatmilitaryadvancesinvariablycamefirst.Economicadvancessecond,andintellectualadvancesthird.Inthe860’stheByzantineEmpirebegantorecoverfromArabincursionssothatby872themilitarybalancewiththeAbbasidCaliphatehadbeenpermanentlyalteredintheempire’sfavor.Thebeginningoftheempire’seconomicrevival,however,canbeplacedbetween810and830.Finally,theByzantinerevivaloflearningappearstohavebegunevenearlier.Anumberofnotablescholarsandwritersappearedby788and,bythelastdecadeoftheeighthcentury,aculturalrevivalwasinfullbloom,arevivalthatlasteduntilthefallofconstantinoplein1453.ThusthecommonlyexpectedorderofmilitaryrevivalfollowedbyeconomicandthenbyculturalrecoverywasreversedinByzantium.Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.18．Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?A．TheByzantineEmpirewasauniquecaseinwhichtheusualorderofmilitaryandeconomicrevivalprecedingculturalrevivalwasreversed.B．Theeconomic,cultural,andmilitaryrevivalintheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturieswassimilarinitsordertothesequenceofrevivalsinAugustRomeandfifth-centuryAthens.C．TherevivaloftheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesshowsculturalrebirthprecedingeconomicandmilitaryrevival,thereverseofthecommonlyacceptedorderofprogress.D．Theeighth-centuryrevivalofByzantinelearningisaninexplic,~iephenomenon,anditseconomicandmilitaryprecursorshaveyettobediscovered.正確答案：C解析：選項(xiàng)A說明拜占庭帝國(guó)是軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化復(fù)興逆序出現(xiàn)的唯一例子。文中并沒有“唯一性”的字眼。選項(xiàng)B說明三者在拜占庭帝國(guó)的出現(xiàn)次序與其在古希臘、羅馬的出現(xiàn)次序一樣，與作者觀點(diǎn)不符。C說明8至11世紀(jì)之間拜占庭帝國(guó)的復(fù)興中，文化復(fù)興先于經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事復(fù)興產(chǎn)生，和一般的復(fù)興順序相反，符合文章結(jié)尾的敘述，故而正確。D說明8世紀(jì)拜占庭文化復(fù)興是不可解釋的現(xiàn)象，其經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事的先導(dǎo)還有待發(fā)展，不符合作者的說法。作者認(rèn)為文化復(fù)興是其他兩種復(fù)興的先導(dǎo)。19．WhichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionascrucialevidenceconcerningthemannerinwhichtheByzantinerevivalbegan?A．TheByzantinemilitaryrevivalofthe860’sledtoeconomicandculturaladvances,B．TheByzantineculturalrevivallasteduntil1453.C．TheByzantineeconomicrecoverybeganinthe900’s.D．TherevivalofByzantinelearningbegantowardtheendoftheeightycentury.正確答案：D解析：A講的是860年左右拜占庭軍事復(fù)興引出經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化復(fù)興，和作者態(tài)度相反。B講的是文化復(fù)興延伸至1453年。此點(diǎn)文中有，但文化復(fù)興的截止日期對(duì)判斷本文作者的論題——三種復(fù)興間誰推動(dòng)誰的問題沒有幫助，與本題題干無關(guān)。C講的是經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)興在900年左右開始，和原文不符。D講的是拜占庭文化8世紀(jì)末就復(fù)興了。是正確的。作者正是用它來說明拜占庭復(fù)興開始的方式和普遍認(rèn)為的不同。20．Accordingtotheauthor,“Thecommonexplanation”(firstsentenceinthirdparagraph)ofconnectionsbetweeneconomic,military,andculturaldevelopmentis_______.A．revolutionaryandtoonewtohavebeenappliedtothehistoryoftheByzantineEmpireB．reasonable,butanantiquatedtheoryofthenatureofprogressC．notapplicabletotheByzantinerevivalasawhole,butdoesperhapsaccuratelydescribelimitedperiodsduringtherevivalD．essentiallynothelpful,becausemilitary,economic,andculturaladvancesarepartofasinglephenomenon正確答案：C解析：A認(rèn)為有革命性，但應(yīng)用于拜占庭歷史還過于超前，與作者的評(píng)價(jià)不一致。B認(rèn)為有理，但過時(shí)。文中指出其缺點(diǎn)是不能解釋拜占庭的實(shí)際情況，未提它是否符合潮流。C認(rèn)為對(duì)拜占庭復(fù)興整體上是不適用的，但或許能解釋其中有限一段時(shí)間的情況，故而正確。D認(rèn)為基本上沒什么用，因?yàn)檐娛?、?jīng)濟(jì)、文化進(jìn)步是一個(gè)現(xiàn)象的不同側(cè)面，前言不搭后語。Because之后的原因根本推不出前面的結(jié)論。PARTIIIGENERALKNOWLEDGE(10MIN)Directions:Therearetenmultiple-choicequestionsinthissection.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.21．ThecharacterofScotsis______.A．seriousandcautiousB．cautiousandthriftyC．hospitableandgenerousD．emotionalandcheerful正確答案：C涉及知識(shí)點(diǎn)：英國(guó)國(guó)家概況22．______isfreeandcompulsoryintheUnitedStates.A．Elementary,secondaryandhighereducationB．ElementaryandsecondaryeducationC．SecondaryandhighereducationD．Adulteducation正確答案：B解析：美國(guó)的小學(xué)和中學(xué)教育都是免費(fèi)的義務(wù)教育。知識(shí)模塊：美國(guó)概況教育23．TheRavenisapoembyA．EdgarAllanPoe.B．WaltWhitman.C．RalphWaldoEmerson.D．HenryDavidThoreau.正確答案：A解析：《烏鴉》(TheRaven)是埃德加·愛倫·坡(EdgarAllanPoe)最著名的詩歌代表作之一。知識(shí)模塊：美國(guó)文學(xué)浪漫主義時(shí)期24．AccordingtoChomsky,theUniversalGrammarisA．gainedspecificallyforeachlanguage.B．a(chǎn)cquiredthroughtheinteractionwiththeenvironment.C．gotthroughimitationandpractice.D．pre-equippedinchildren’sbrains.正確答案：D解析：以喬姆斯基為代表的語法天生主義者認(rèn)為人的大腦中有一種與生俱來的語言學(xué)習(xí)生理機(jī)構(gòu)。其所包含的規(guī)則是普遍適用于所有人類語言的。知識(shí)模塊：第一語言習(xí)得25．TheGreatBarrierReefliesoff______coastofAustralia.A．thesoutheastB．thesouthwestC．thenortheastD．thenorthwest正確答案：C解析：大堡礁(theGreatBarrierReef)是世界上最大、最長(zhǎng)的珊瑚礁區(qū)，是世界七大自然景觀之一，也是澳大利亞人最引以為豪的天然景觀，延于澳大利亞東北海岸外的大陸架上，北面從托雷斯海峽起，向南直到弗雷澤島附近。知識(shí)模塊：人文知識(shí)26．Australiaistheworld’slargestexporterofA．wheat.B．wool.C．meat.D．dairyproducts.正確答案：B解析：本題考查澳大利亞背景知識(shí)。澳大利亞的養(yǎng)羊業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)，有“騎在羊背上的國(guó)家”之稱。澳大利亞是全球最大的羊毛生產(chǎn)和出口國(guó)。27．Theword“aconic”is______.A．onomatopoeicallymotivatedB．morphologicallymotivatedC．semanticallymotivatedD．etymologicallymotivated正確答案：D28．______wasconsideredtobethegreatestdramatistinthe18thcentury.A．HenryFieldingB．LaurenceSterneC．OliverGoldsmithD．RichardB.Sheridan正確答案：D解析：理查德·B·謝立丹被認(rèn)為是18世紀(jì)最偉大的劇作家。本題屬于英國(guó)文學(xué)類問題。29．PercyByssheShelleywasfamousfor______.A．OdetoaNightingaleB．OdetoAutumnC．TherimeofAncientMarinerD．PrometheusUnbound正確答案：D解析：英國(guó)文學(xué)之作家作品。Shelley(雪萊)的代表作有PrometheusUnbound(《解放了的普羅米修斯》)和OdetotheWestWind(《西風(fēng)頌》)。30．WhichofthefollowingisthemostsignificantAmericanpoemofthe20thcenturybyT.S