人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修3賓語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解及練習(xí)

Grammar

賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句名詞性句在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞此主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句分別作主句的主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)從句：willwinthematchstillunknown.賓語(yǔ)從句：Itoknowhetoldyou.表語(yǔ)從句：factisthathavelostgame.同位語(yǔ)從句：thatwewongameisexciting.引導(dǎo)名性從句的連詞可分三類：連接詞(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)：that,whether,if連接代詞：whose,which,wh+ever連接副詞：,whereClauses

賓語(yǔ)從句請(qǐng)對(duì)應(yīng)寫出句子成分Iknowhim.（）（）（）Ihe（）（）（）請(qǐng)用橫線畫出下面句子的賓語(yǔ)從句部分。Iknowhim.DohaveIthinkthatisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayme?總結(jié)：賓語(yǔ)通位于_____________或者_(dá)后一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。位置：通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。句子結(jié)：主句+連(引導(dǎo)詞+賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.SheifthesewereWewhatwedoknow.ewilltalktouswhathesawinU.S.A.don’tknowwherewewillthe通過觀察，我們可以知道賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：1/連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分練習(xí)：1)Couldyoutellme______.youwillgetwhenB.whenwillhereC.getwhenyouwillD.whenyouwillget2)MotheraskedsonwhatlunchatdiddoeshehadheD.3)Pointingtheheme____seeninpicture.whatB.ifwhereD.二、連接詞1、從屬連詞(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)：that,ifIhearhewillinanhour.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgotopark注：1、由that引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語(yǔ)從句，在很多動(dòng)詞如say,wish,hope,agree,feel等動(dòng)詞后。連詞that起連接作用，在從句中不做句子的成分，也無(wú)詞匯意義，在口語(yǔ)中常被省略，但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省為好，特別是在筆試中。例：Ihimthat2it形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以放在動(dòng)詞find,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語(yǔ)而真正的賓語(yǔ)——that從句則放在句尾（此時(shí)一定不可以省略）IthinkitthatyouEnglishaloud.Wehearditwouldmarriedmonth.3、that句位于句首時(shí)，不可省略。hesaidsuchathingIsimply’t4、if和的區(qū)別1連詞if、whether引導(dǎo)的表示“是否…”賓語(yǔ)從句。Whether,if在從句中不做句子的成分，一般情況下，和if可以替換。例：I’thewilltomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwefinishedtheexperiment.2面幾種情況只能用①和不定式連(whethertodo用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不用if導(dǎo)2/例：WhethertogotherehasntbeenTheyaskedmeto②賓語(yǔ)從句中有not時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).例：Idontknowstarwillnot.③在介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中不用if引導(dǎo)例：I’mthinkingwhethershouldgofishing.④賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：例：Whetherthisistrueornot,can’tsay.練習(xí)：1.Iaskedher_____________We’reworriedabout__________heissafe.I______________heiswell.Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell.Idon’tknow__________togo.2、連接代和連接副詞連接代詞：whose,which,wh+ever連接副詞,where因?yàn)檫B接代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。Doknowwhathesaidnow?Idon’twearrived.IhimwhereIcouldmuchtellwho(whom)haveto練習(xí)：WangHaitoldme_______didn'thiking（how,why）youtellmeelseisgoingtobe（whomalwaysthinks______can（）Theydon'tknow_________wearehiking.(when,Idon'tknow________socrowdingroundhim.why)Doknowshirtitis?(whose,who’s)三、時(shí)1.主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定IknowthathelivesIknowthathelivedhereago.Ihaveheardhewillcome2.如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相3/對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）Iwholivedhere.Isawthatwaswithhersaidthathisgoneto3.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。toldtheboythatthreesix.toldmetheeartharoundsun.練習(xí)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1.Theyoungmanaskedit'swinter.thatC.weatherD.whether2.We______theydidit.howB.whatD.which3.Theteacherasks____JimonthatB.ifD.whattime4.anybodyknowwillhaveasportsmeetingweekendnot.ifB.wherewhetherD.5.Couldyoushowme________howIgettostationB.whereisstationC.howIcouldthestationD.Icanthe6.tellme_______.whatlikewhathelikeC.whatD.whathelike7.him________.whatdayitB.C.whowaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive8.SomeoneisringingGoandseewhoheB.heiswhoisitD.whoitis9.CouldyoutellmelongyouhavetheB.youbookC.beenawayfromD.youbeenamemberofGreener10.Hethatifit______tomorrow,hefishing.willwon'tB.goC.won'tD.rain,willgo4/PredicativeClauseshisjob.Thisiswhatdoes

表語(yǔ)從句（）（）表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后。一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞+語(yǔ)從句”。系動(dòng)詞有那些呢常見的系動(dòng)詞分為三種：．表示特征和狀態(tài)：taste,seem,．表示由一類狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為另一類狀態(tài)：get,grow,fall,．表示某種狀態(tài)的：prove,stay從句連接詞分為三類：引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般不省略。連接詞:thatwhetherifthough(if不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)連接代詞://whose/which/what連接副詞:/wherewhy//用橫線畫出表語(yǔ)從句：iswhethercanonhim.iswereinofmoneyatthattime.lookedifgoingtocry.iswhyI過觀察，我們可以知道表語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序也是用陳述語(yǔ)序注意：1that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，that僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。Thefactisthehasn’tyetrecoverfromillness.Ourpurposeiscanfaults.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinwillfrom*詞主語(yǔ)+引起的表語(yǔ)句表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact,truth表示看法，觀點(diǎn)、問題、麻煩的名詞，如：opinion,belief,view,advice,feeling,plan,trouble,problem等Thefactisthatteamhasthegame.Thetruththatshewasthearelookingfor.2.whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，連接詞whether起連接作用，意為“是否、究竟、到底”在句中也不作任何成分（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)。Thewhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thewhethermanwilluptime.5/Whatdoctoriswhethermymotherwillfromthe3、連接代除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。TomnolongerwhathetoThewhichofshouldcomefirst.TheproblemiswhoisreallyfithardTheimportantthingisshouldontopofMystrongestIanwedding.4.連接副詞when,why,how除在句中起連接作用外在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。That’sIcantagreeyou.whySarawasformeeting.howtheMystrongestIanwedding.5.其他連詞asif,because,as引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于“This/That/Itbecause…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Itsoundsif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatMyangerbecauseyouhavenwrittentomeforlongtime.單項(xiàng)選擇：1.That’s____thePartycalledonustodo.whyB.whathowD.2.The____istheB.whyC.D.Whether3.Shelooked____sheweretenyearsA.thatB.likeC.asD.as4.Janeisnolongerwasfourago.whatB.whichC.D.5．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingwithstudies.What;howyouB.；youC.How；youareD.；you6.Theshorttools.whatB.thatC.howD.that7Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“IndiabyColumbus.6/whatB.whereplaceD.where8.isItisnolonger_________.whatitusedtoB.whatitusedtoC.itusedtoD.whatitusedto9.________he________hedisagreeswithA.WhatthatB.ThatwhatC.What…whatD.Thatwhat10.The________makesthecellsabletotheirwork.thatB.whichwhatD.such綜合練習(xí)：1．—IYorkforthetalkshowTVweek．—thathadadaysoff?A．B．whenC．whatD．where2．Iaskherwith．A．ifshewillBifwillsheC．whetherwillsheD．willshe3．Itaof_______wouldtaketheA．Bwhoever．whomD．whomever4．Cantell________?A．that．thatgentlemanwhoC．whothatgentlemanD．whomisthatgentleman5．Cantell________thestation?A．IcanBwhatIC．whereIgotD．wherecanI．Itgenerallyconsideredtogiveachild________heor．A．BCwhicheverD．whenever．Doknow________?A．whatishisBhowisC．whatisD．is8．yourIt's________youleftit．A．thereBwhere．therewhereD．where9．Imuch________．A．doesthecostBthecostC．D．thewatchcosts7/10Itwas__________me．A．what；B．thatthatC．；whatD．；what11"IsfromYork"Iknow_______．"A．fromwhatcityshefrom．fromwhatcitysheC．whatcityshefromD．whatcityshecomesfrom12Henrythedog．I'llaskhimwhy________．A．didhethatB．het