高中英語外研版Module5Cloning module5sectionⅲ

SectionⅢIntegratingSkills根據(jù)所給詞性和漢語提示寫出下列單詞1．a(chǎn)dj. 完全相同的，同一的2．a(chǎn)dj. 有益的，有用的3．v. 治愈4．a(chǎn)dj. 假想的，虛構(gòu)的5．a(chǎn)dj. 難以置信的6．n. 撫育，養(yǎng)育7．a(chǎn)dj. 透明的8．a(chǎn)dj. 扭曲的，彎曲的9．a(chǎn)dj. 基本的，不可或缺的，重要的10．n. 程序11．a(chǎn)dj. 有爭議的12．a(chǎn)dj. 有確實(shí)根據(jù)的，有效的13．a(chǎn)dj. 可選擇的14．a(chǎn)dj. 特別的，非凡的，卓越的15．a(chǎn)dj. 互相矛盾的，相反的，對應(yīng)的16．n. 道德上的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，善行17．a(chǎn)dj. 易適應(yīng)的18．a(chǎn)dj. 強(qiáng)制的，強(qiáng)迫的19．n. 法規(guī)，條例20．a(chǎn)dj. 方便的，便利的21．v. 抵抗22．v. 分析23．n. 嫌疑人24．v. 吐出(唾液)25．v. 陪伴，陪同26．v. 吸收27．n. 樣本28．v. (問題、困難等)發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)29．n. 暴力【答案】4．imaginary11．controversial18．compulsory根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語1．mistake 錯(cuò)誤地2．a(chǎn)s 如下3．beidentical 與……一致，和……一樣4．rely 依靠，依賴5．treat... 把……當(dāng)成……對待6．knock 摧毀7．a(chǎn)sasweknow 據(jù)我們所知8．break 分解9．bring...backlife 使……復(fù)活【答案】6．out根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列教材原句1．AnItaliandoctorwantstooffercloningasanoptionaltreatmentforcoupleswhochildren.一位意大利醫(yī)生想把克隆作為不孕夫婦的一種選擇性治療方案。2．somevoluntarycodeofpracticeamongscientistshastobeagreed.很明顯，科學(xué)家們的一些非官方的行醫(yī)法規(guī)必須被獲準(zhǔn)。3．byHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer-controlledcars.在哈蒙德的兩個(gè)孫子的陪伴下，他們被送到電腦控制的轎車中進(jìn)行環(huán)繞侏羅紀(jì)公園的旅行。4．Butatropicalstormhitstheisland,thepowersupply，andanemployeedestroysthesecuritysystemsothathecanstealdinosaurembryosandsellthem.但是一場熱帶風(fēng)暴襲擊了該島嶼，摧毀了電力供應(yīng)，一個(gè)雇員破壞了安全系統(tǒng)，因此他能偷出恐龍胚胎并賣掉它們。5．BraveNewWorldisstillsofamousitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》這本書現(xiàn)在仍然很出名，原因是它向我們展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)可怕的未來世界，并且這個(gè)世界越來越可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)?！敬鸢浮縤tdifficulttohaveisclearisthatoutreasonwhy；isthat閱讀P64～65教材原文，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案Stemcellscanbeusedto．A．developintoenzymesB．solvecrimesC．createprizewinninganimalsD．helppeoplerecoverfromdiseases【答案】D閱讀P67教材原文，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Dinosaursdiedoutaftermosquitoesbegantoexist.B．JurassicC．Therearestillproperconditionsfordinosaurstoexisttoday.D．Cloningdinosaursispossible.2．Fromthewholetextwecanconcludethat．A．mosquitoespreservedsinceprehistorictimecanbeusedtocreatelivingdinosaursB．wecanclonedinosaurssuccessfullyC．a(chǎn)suitableenvironmentwheredinosaursmightsurviveprobablydoesn'texisttodayD．femalemosquitoescannotabsorbDNA3．Thewriterofthenoveltakesattitudetosuchastorydescribedinthenovel.A．doubtful B．supportiveC．cold D．objective【答案】1—3BCA閱讀P69教材原文，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案1．InBraveNewWorld,whichofthefollowingtypesofclonesareleadersofsociety?A．Betas. B．Epsilons.C．Alphas. D．AlphasandBetas.2．ItseemsthatpeopleinBraveNewWorld．A．lovetheirnationverymuchB．hatetheirnationverymuchC．don'thaveanyfeelingsD．a(chǎn)resatisfiedwiththeirownpositions3．Howdoesthegovernmentcontrolthesociety?A．Byteachingthemwhattolikeordislikeandgivingthemdrugstomakethemhappy.B．Bydividingthewholesocietyintofiveclasses.C．Bygivingequalrightstothefivetypesofpeople.D．Bystrongandcruelmethods.【答案】1－3CDAidenticaladj.完全相同的，同樣的(教材P61)InwhatwayareSheepAandSheepBidentical?A羊在哪方面與B羊一樣？(1)beidenticalwith/to 和……一樣，與……一致beidenticalin 在……方面一樣/一致(2)identityn. 同一性，一致；身份(3)identifyv. 識(shí)別，認(rèn)同，把……和……看成一樣①Thispictureisidenticaltoonemymotherhas.這張照片和我母親的那張一模一樣。②Thetwowordsareidenticalinmeaning.這兩個(gè)字的字義完全一樣。beneficialadj.有益的，有用的(教材P61)Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?Giveatleastonereason.你認(rèn)為克隆技術(shù)會(huì)對人類有益/有幫助嗎？給出至少一個(gè)原因。bebeneficialtosb./sth.＝beofbenefittosb./sth. 對……有益的(to為介詞)benefitfrom/by 從……受益forthebenefitof 為了……的利益①Let'sgooutforawalk,forfreshairisbeneficialtoyourhealth.咱們出去走走吧，因?yàn)樾迈r空氣有益于你的健康。②Ibenefitedalotfromreading.閱讀使我受益匪淺。③Thesituationintheworldtodayisofbenefittothepeople.當(dāng)今世界形勢對人們非常有利。curev．治愈，治療n．治愈，療法；藥(劑)(教材P61)Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我們可以使用克隆(技術(shù))來治療疾病。(1)curesb.(ofsth.) 治愈某人(的病等)；糾正/消除(弊病等)(2)acurefor... ……的一種治療法(3)curableadj. 可治愈的(4)beyondcure 不可救藥①Thedoctorhascuredmanypeopleofsuchdisease.那位醫(yī)生已經(jīng)治愈了許多患這種病的人。②Theyclaimedtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他們聲稱已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了治療此病的一種藥物。[明辨異同]cure/treatcure作為動(dòng)詞，多用于疾病方面，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，意為“治好”，是及物動(dòng)詞，其主語可以是醫(yī)生，也可以是某種藥。表示“治好某人的某種疾病”，要用curesth.來表示。treat強(qiáng)調(diào)治療的動(dòng)作，不涉及結(jié)果，用于treatsth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。cure/treat③WhenIlefthospitalIwascompletely．④Afamousdoctorisherforherillness.【答案】③cured④treatingresistv．抵抗，反抗，抗拒(其后常跟名詞、代詞、v.-ing形式作賓語，而不跟不定式)(教材P65)．..forexample,aprizecowwhichcanresistbacteriaordisease,ortosowaclonedcropwhichcanresistrotorpests.……比如：(克隆)能夠抵御細(xì)菌或疾病的優(yōu)選奶牛，種植能夠抵抗枯病或蟲害的克隆作物。(1)resist＋n./pron./doing 抵抗；反對；忍住做can't/couldn'tresistdoingsth. 禁不住做某事resistthetemptation 抵擋住誘惑(2)resistancen. 反抗，抵制，抵抗力(3)resistant(to)adj. 抵抗的；耐……的①Icanneverresistanicecream.我一見到冰淇淋就忍不住想吃。②Icouldn'tresisttelling(tell)himthesecret.我忍不住要把秘密告訴他。③Therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisnewlaw.反對這項(xiàng)新法律的人很多。④Ahealthydietcreatesabodyresistant(resist)todisease.健康飲食有助于增強(qiáng)身體對疾病的抵抗力。relyon依靠，依賴；信賴(教材P65)Buttorelyonafewclonedanimalsorcropswouldrestrictthebiodiversityofthebreed.但是，僅僅依賴少數(shù)幾種克隆動(dòng)植物會(huì)限制生物品種的多樣性。relyon/upon＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(n./pron.,n./sth.,todo,it＋that-clause))①Wemustrelyonourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.我們必須依靠自己的努力來擺脫困境。②Youmayrelyonitthathewilldoagoodjobofit.你放心好了，他會(huì)做好這件事的。③Theyrelyontheriverfortheirwater.他們的用水依賴于那條河。suspectn．嫌疑人v.懷疑(教材P65)Finally,thelatestresearchintoDNAhashelpedsolvecrimesbyanalysingthesuspect'ssalivawhichtheyspitatacrimesceneorthedirtundertheirfingernails.最后，在DNA的最新研究中，通過分析嫌疑犯在犯罪現(xiàn)場留下的唾液或手指甲下的污洉已幫助查明了許多犯罪行為。(1)suspectthat... 懷疑……suspect(be) 懷疑某人是……suspect(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做過)某事(2)suspectadj. 可疑的；不可信的①Isuspectedhimtobe(be)aliar.我懷疑他是一個(gè)說謊者。②Thepolicesuspecthimoftakingpartinthejewelrobbery.警察懷疑他參與了珠寶盜竊案。accompanyv.陪伴，陪同；伴隨……發(fā)生；補(bǔ)充；給……伴奏(教材P67)AccompaniedbyHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer-controlledcars.在哈蒙德的兩個(gè)孫子的陪伴下，他們被送到電腦控制的轎車中進(jìn)行環(huán)繞侏羅紀(jì)公園的旅行。accompany... 陪某人去某地(to為介詞)beaccompaniedby 附有，伴隨accompanyatthe＋樂器 用樂器為某人伴奏insb.'scompany＝inthecompanyofsb.＝incompanywithsb. 和某人在一起①Lightningisusuallyaccompaniedbythunder.雷聲常常伴隨著閃電而來。②Thesingerwasaccompanied(accompany)onthepianobyhereldersister.那位女歌手的姐姐為她用鋼琴伴奏。③Sheaskedmetoaccompanyhertotheairport.她要求我陪她到機(jī)場去。absorbv．吸收；吸引……的注意；吞并；理解(教材P67)Infact,onlyfemalescanabsorbtheDNAofanothercreature.實(shí)際上，只有雌蚊子才能吸收另一種生物的DNA。(1)absorbone'sattention 吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj. 全神貫注的，一心一意的beabsorbedin 全神貫注于，專心于(3)absorbingadj. 十分吸引人的①VitaminDisslowlyabsorbedbythebody.維生素D緩慢地被人體吸收。②Hepretendstobeabsorbedinlistening.他假裝在專心聽講。[圖形助記]吸收全神貫注arisev．(問題、困難等)發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)(常和from或outof連用)(教材P67)Manyquestionsalsoariseinthecloningofdinosaurs.在克隆恐龍的過程中也產(chǎn)生了許多問題。①Theproblemmaynotarise,butthere'snoharminkeepingourpowderdry.問題不一定會(huì)發(fā)生，但有備無患并無害處。②Inmodernsociety,thereareanincreasingnumberofproblemsarisingfromthelackofcommunication.在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)出現(xiàn)了越來越多由于缺乏交流而產(chǎn)生的問題。[明辨異同]arise/rise/raise/arouse原形過去式過去分詞詞性詞義arisearosearisenvi.產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)riseroserisenvi.上升，起床raiseraisedraisedvt.提高，舉起arousearousedarousedvt.喚起，激起arise/rise/raise/arouseWhenthewind，peoplewerewatchingthemthenationalflag;itwasslowlyinthewind,whichtheirfeelingoflovingtheirmotherland.【答案】arose；raising；rising；arousedⅠ.語境填詞1．LilyistoLucy，soit'sdifficultformethem.(identify)2．Thefilmswouldbeseenastotheyoungbutwithoutmuchtoteenagers.(benefit)3．Theytookattitudestowardstheeducationofteenagersandtheiroftencausedthemagainsteachother.(contradict)4．Ithinkthatthecrophastothedisease，becauseitthediseaselastyear.(resist)【答案】；toidentify；benefit；contradictions；tocontradict；resistedⅡ.選詞填空【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：38300036】bymistake，asfollows，(be)identicalto，relyon，treat...as...，asfarasweknow，breakdown1．Wemustourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.2．Yourlookyourdadwhenhewasyourage.3．Itookyourbaginsteadofmine．4．，he'llbeawayfor3months.5．Aftermanyyears,rockscanintodirt.【答案】onidenticaltomistake4．Asfarasweknowdown(教材P67)ThereasonwhyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamousisthatitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》這本書現(xiàn)在仍然很出名，原因是它向我們展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)可怕的未來世界，并且這個(gè)世界越來越可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】本句屬于“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”句型，其中whyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamous是定語從句，why可用forwhich替換；第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)表語從句，僅起連接作用，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為aterrifyingfutureworld。(1)thereason作主語時(shí)，表語從句不能用because引導(dǎo)，而只能用that引導(dǎo)，且that不能省略。(2)先行詞為reason時(shí)，若定語從句的主干成分完整，定語從句通常由why(＝forwhich)引導(dǎo)；若定語從句缺少主語或賓語，則定語從句用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。①Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.他缺席會(huì)議的原因是他遇到交通阻塞了。②Isthisthereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?這就是他在會(huì)議上解釋的工作中粗心的原因嗎？單句改錯(cuò)Thisisthereasonwhyhesaidforhiscominglate.【答案】去掉why或why→that/which學(xué)業(yè)分層測評(十四)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines,butnonehas(cure)thedisease.2．Thepolicehavenownarroweddowntheirlistof(suspect)．3．Herdressisalmost(identify)tomine.4．(accompany)byhermother，shewenttohospitalformedicalexamination.5．By(analyse)thepartsofthesentence,welearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.6．Thesituationintheworldtodayisvery(benefit)todevelopingcountries.7．Weoftenmeetwithadifficulty(arise)outofthepeculiarnaturalconditions.8．Thereasonhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.9．Thereisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcall-slips(索書單)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampuswithoutpermission.10．struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.【答案】Ⅱ.完成句子1．他的帽子同我的一模一樣。Hishatmine.2．我喜歡吃甜食，見到巧克力和冰淇淋就想吃。Ihaveasweettoothandchocolateandicecream.3．你可以信賴我對你的幫助。Youmayyou.4．你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？Whatmadeyouhavingtakenthemoney?5．那就是他提出問題的原因。Thatisheraisedthequestion.【答案】identicalto'tresisteating3．relyonmetohelpherofreasonwhyⅢ.閱讀理解AI'msuremanyofyouhaveseenStarWars，JurassicPark，Multiplicity,ormanyoftheothermoviesthatdescribeofwhatyouseeinthesemoviesisyoudon'tknowisthatcloningcouldbedangerous，tothecloneandtooursocietyasa'simmoraltohaveahumanclone.Whataboutidentity?Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownwouldhappenifweignorethoserightsbygivingthemsomeoneelse'sgeneticidentity?True,personalityisnotfixedingeneticfaultofthecloned.Also,thereisalargepowerstrugglemeansadegreeofpowerandcontroloveranotherperson'sphysicalidentityandthatignorestheirrightsandtheironlypersondoingthecloningwouldhavemorepowerthananyparentwouldhave.Cloningwouldalsodealwithkillingembryons(胚胎)．Youmightnothaveknown,butDolly,thesheepthatwasclonedin1996,wasoneofover200sheepembryosandherswastheonlyembryothatrestdiedorwerethrownifthefailureratewasthathighwhenwestartedtoclonethan200embryos,thestartof200humanbeings,woulddieforthesakeofjustoneembryothatwouldhavethesameDNAassomeoneelse.Cloningsomeone,atthispresenttime,wouldbeextremelydangeroustothebirthmotherandthestudiesdoneoncows，4outof12birthmothersisaveryhighfailurerate,whichisshowedinthecloningofifyouhadafewgoodembryos,failureshavebeennoticeableinanimaltests.So,shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning?Isayrisksaregreaterthanthe'sdangeroustothecloneandtothebirthwouldbekillinghumanlivesinthewouldalsobeaviolation(侵害)oftheclone'srighttoitsowngeneticidentityandpersonality.1．Accordingtothearticle,whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutidentity?A．Cloningitselfgivesparentsgreatpoweroveridentity.B．People'sidentityiscompletelydeterminedbytheirgenes.C．Governmentshavetherightstoconfirmpeople'sidentities.D．Cloningmaypreventpeoplefrompossessingtheiridentity.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownpersonality.”以及后面的內(nèi)容判斷?！敬鸢浮緿2．FromParagraph4wecaninferthat．A．humancloningismuchmoredifficultthananimalcloningB．Dollyisthemostsuccessfuloneamong200sheepembryosC．cloningmeansrunningtheriskofwastingtoomucheffortD．numbersofbabyanimalsarelikelytobecreatedbycloning【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Therestdiedorwerethrownaway.”可知。【答案】C3．Whydoestheauthormentionsomemoviesinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.B．Topresenthisideaaboutthemovies.C．Tostatetheconclusionfirst.D．Tomakethearticleunusual.【解析】推理判斷題。作者在文章的開頭提到幾部電影，目的是為了引出“克隆”這個(gè)話題。【答案】A4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardcloning?A．Heisinfavorofit.B．Heisagainstit.C．Hetakesitforgranted.D．Thepassagedoesn'tsay.【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So，shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning？Isayno.”可知，作者持反對態(tài)度。【答案】BB【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：38300052】WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedinNorthAmerica,theybroughtEuropeandiseaseswith,hugenumbersofNativeAmericansbegandyingfromsmallpox(天花)-hundredyear-olddocumentsrecordthistale,butnowscientistssaythey'vefoundotherevidenceburieddeepinsidehumancells.Inanewstudy，BrendanO'FallonandLarsFehren-SchmitzreportevidencefoundingenesthattheNativeAmericanpopulationdroppedbyhalfafterthearrivalof'FallonstudiesgenesatARUPLaboratoriesinSaltLakeCity,whileFehrenSchmitzisascientistwhostudieshumankind,attheUniversityofGottingeninGermany.Cellsmakeupeverypartoftheinsidealmosteverycellisalong，coiledmolecule(盤繞顆粒)calledarepartsofDNAthatplayimportantrolesindeterminingone'shelpdetermineaperson'sappearance,suchasskincolorandheight,andalsoplayaroleinmanythingsyoucan'tsee,likethechanceofgettingadisease.Geneschangeovertime,andbyfollowingthesechangesscientistscanlearnaboutaperson's'FallonandFehren-Schmitzlookedatgenesinthemitochondriaofcells.(Mitochondriaarelikefactoriesthathelpcellsuseenergyfromfood.)ThescientistscomparedDNAfromtheremainsofancientNativeAmericanswithDNAfromlivingpeopledescended(遺傳)fromNativeAmericans.Thescientistsstudiedpatternsinthegenesfromthetwogroupsandidentifiedwaysthatthepatternschangedoverstatistics,whichincludesusefulmathematicaltoolsforanalyzinglargeamountsofdata,theresearcherswereabletojudgethesizeoftheNativeAmericanpopulationbeforeandaftertheEuropeans'comparisonshowedthenumberofnativepeoplereducedsharplyafterEuropeansettlerslandedintheNewWorld.Earliergeneticstudiesdidn'thaveevidenceoftheNativeAmericandie-involvedinthenewstudysaythatthere'snowmoredatafromancientremains,soresearcherscangetabetterideaofwhathappened.【語篇解讀】基因承載了人類遺傳密碼，是隨時(shí)間的推移而不斷變化的。通過對基因的分析和研究，人們可以解開很多秘密。5．WhenEuropeansettlersarrived,theybroughttoNorthAmerica.A．smallpoxdisease B．olddocumentsC．otherevidence D．a(chǎn)newstudy【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedin...dyingfromsmallpox(天花)infection”可知?dú)W洲殖民者進(jìn)入美洲時(shí)，也帶去了傳染病，所以A項(xiàng)正確。【答案】A6．GeneshelpdeterminemanythingsofapersonEXCEPT．A．a(chǎn)person'sappearanceB．a(chǎn)person'sskincolorC．a(chǎn)person'sheightD．a(chǎn)person'ssuccess【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Geneshelpdetermineaperson's...chanceofgettingadisease.”一句，可知基因可決定一個(gè)人的外表、膚色、身高，或得某種疾病的可能，而不是一個(gè)人的成功。所以D項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮緿7．Thescientistsgottheresultofthestudyby．A．followinggenes'changeovertimeB．studyinggenesofancientpeopleC．a(chǎn)nalyzinglargeamountsofdataD．findingoutgenesinthecells【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Usingstatistics，whichincludes...Europeans'arrival”可知通過分析對比數(shù)據(jù)，得出歐洲人到美洲前后美洲居民的數(shù)量，從而得出最后的結(jié)論。所以C項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮緾8．WhatcanbetheBESTtitleofthispassage?A．Scientistswo