《中考寶典》2016廣東省中考英語復(fù)習(xí)(語法考點)課件：動詞語態(tài)及其考點(共16張PPT)

動詞的語態(tài)中考語法語態(tài)概述 英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)（theActiveVoice）和被動語態(tài)（thePassiveVoice）。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.當(dāng)我們不知道或沒必要提到動作的執(zhí)行者是誰或者強(qiáng)調(diào)突出動作的承受者時，常用被動語態(tài)?？键c分布（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)（2）一般過去時的被動語態(tài)（3）一般將來時的被動語態(tài)（4）一般現(xiàn)在時帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)考點梳理考點一被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動詞時完全一樣。被動語態(tài)的肯定式、否定式及疑問式列表如下：句式句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+be+過去分詞+（by…）Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).否定句主語+benot+過去分詞+（by…）Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).一般疑問句Be+主語+過去分詞+（by…）？Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?特殊疑問句疑問詞+be+主語+過去分詞+（by…）？Whatisthissweatermadeof?考點梳理考點二被動語態(tài)的用法：(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，不用by＋動作執(zhí)行者短語。如：

Such

books

are

written

for

children.

這些書是為兒童寫的。

(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用by短語。

The

cup

was

broken

by

David.

這個杯子被大衛(wèi)打碎了。

(3)做客觀說明時,常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型：It’s

/

was

said

/

believed

/

reported

/

+

that

…據(jù)說/據(jù)報道……如：It’s

reported

that

about

three

hundred

people

were

killed

in

this

earthquake.考點梳理考點三中考常見被動語態(tài)的形式形式句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時主語＋am

/

is

/

are

＋過去分詞Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.一般過去時主語＋was

/

were

＋過去分詞ThecarwasmadeinGermanyin2003.一般將來時主語＋will

＋be

＋過去分詞主語＋begoingto＋be

＋過去分詞ThesportsmeetingwillbeheldinOctober.Anairportisgoingtobebuilthere.含情態(tài)詞的主語+can/may/must+be+givenTeenagers

should

be

allowed

to

surf

the

Internet.

考點梳理【考點精練】()1.Apopularsport,Ping-pong,________bymanyaroundChina,forfunandexercise. A.areenjoyed B.wasenjoyed C.wereenjoyed D.isenjoyed()2.—DidyougotoLinda’sbirthdayparty,Jill?—No.I_________. A.didn’tinvite B.wasn’tinvited C.amnotinvited D.haven’tinvited()3.—IamafraidthatIcan’tfinishthetasksuccessfully.—Don’tworry.You_______plentyoftimetodoit. A.willbegiven B.give

C.willgiveD.given()4.—HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?—It_________foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry. A.mustgive B.mustbegive C.mustbegiven D.mustbegaveDBCA考點梳理考點四使用中應(yīng)注意的幾個問題(1)有兩個賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)（直接賓語，間接賓語）

常見的接雙賓語的動詞有：give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。

通常這種句子可以改為以“人”當(dāng)主語和以“物”當(dāng)作主語的兩種被動語態(tài)。如：He

gave

me

a

book.

－I

was

given

a

book

by

him.(以I做主語)

－A

book

was

given

to

me

by

him.

(以物book作主語)【考點精練】5.He

teaches

us

English.

________________________________(以人當(dāng)主語)________________________________(以物作主語)WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).Englishistaughttous(byhim).考點梳理（2）英語中有“十大動詞”的說法，即feel,hear,listen

to,have,make,let(讓、使)

,

lookat,

watch,see,notice，這些詞在主動語態(tài)中，其后的動詞不定式不加to，但在變被動語態(tài)時必須加to。如：I

saw

him

go

into

the

office

building.

—Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.【考點精練】6.IheardJohnleavetheroom.

—____________________________________.Johnwasheardtoleavetheroom.考點梳理（3）動詞短語變被動語態(tài)時，不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動詞的介詞或副詞。這類動詞短語有：lookafter,lookat,takecareof,putup,takeaway,goover,payattentionto,cutdown,laughat等。如：They

take

good

care

of

my

child.

=Mychildwastakengoodcareof(bythem).

I

turned

off

the

radio.

=Theradiowasturnedoff.【考點精練】7.Sallyworkedoutalltheproblems.________________________________________.8.Youcan’ttakethemagazinesoutofthereadingroom._________________________________________.Theproblemswereworkedout(byher)

Themagazinescan’tbetakenoutofthereadingroom考點梳理（4）有些動詞表被動意義,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。特別主語為物時。常見的動詞有sell,write,wash等。如：Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.這些小說不好賣。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布容易洗（5）連系動詞如feel,look,smell,taste,sound等用主動形式表被動。如：Thefishtastesgood.(6)不及物動詞happen,takeplace沒有被動語態(tài)。如：GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinDongguaninthelastfewyears.考點梳理()9.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe_____________. A.mustlookafter B.mustbetakencare C.mustbelookedafter D.musttakecareof()10.Amodelship____hissonbyMrMore. A.wasmadefor B.wasmadeto C.madefor D.makesfor()11.Thiskindofsweater_______verysoft. A.isfelt B.feels C.feel D.isfeelingCA【考點精練】B考點梳理()12.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_______,todayhewasmade_____byher. A.cry;tocry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.tocry;cry()13.When________theaccident__________? A.was;happened B.has;happened C.was;happening D.did;happen()14.Thiskindofrecorder_________well. A.hasbeensold B.issold C.sells D.willbesoldAD【考點精練】C考點梳理g.want/need/require+動名詞用主動表被動。如：

Thedoorisbroken,itneedsrepairing.=Thedoorisbroken,itneedtoberepaired.

門壞了，需要修理?？键c梳理考點五記住一些常用詞組:1.被用來做某事beusedfordoingsth.2.由…制造 bemadeof/from+(原材料)3.在某地制造 bemadein(aplace)4.裝滿 befullof/befilledwithsth.5.被…覆蓋 becoveredwith6.據(jù)說… It’ssaidthat…7.被迫做某事 be