山西省呂梁市方山縣第四中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析

山西省呂梁市方山縣第四中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Lilytookafewfriendstomybirthdayparty，noneof__________Iwasfamiliarwith．A．which

B．whose

C．that

D．whom參考答案：D2.I'dliketoplacethings_______itisconvenienttogetthem.

A.inwhich

B.what

C.where

D.that參考答案：C3.Manycompaniesgiveawaysmallquantitiesoftheirproductsassamples_

peoplecantrythembeforebuyingthem．A．if

B．nowthat

C．since

D．sothat參考答案：D4.Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell

.

A．tospend B．spent

C．beingspent

D．spending

參考答案：B解析：此題考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)。由于spend與money之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞不定式，在形式上是錯(cuò)誤的。5.Sincethereisonlyonelaboratoryintheschool，itisimportanttocheck_____thestudentscanuseit．A．which

B．what

C．when

D．where參考答案：C考點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句

試題解析：句意：因?yàn)閷W(xué)校只有一個(gè)圖書(shū)館，所以核實(shí)一下學(xué)生們何時(shí)可以使用很重要。根據(jù)句意可知選C。6.We______waitforabustogettothestationsincewearenotinahurry.A.mightwell

B.mightaswell

C.couldwell

D.shouldaswell參考答案：B7.Allthebuses______whenwearrivedatthebusstation,wehadtotakeataxitogobackhome.A.beingleft B.havingleft C.hadleft D.wereleaving參考答案：B8.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8,450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.

A.are；is B.are；are C.is；are D.is；is參考答案：A9.________fromtheoperation,thepatientwasadvisedtostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.A．Havingnotfullyrecovered B．BeingnotfullyrecoveredC．Nothavingfullyrecovered D．Notfullyrecovering參考答案：C10.JustnowIgotane-mailfrommygirlfriend,______saidthatshewasgoingtoteachinTibet.A.who

B.what

C.which

D.it參考答案：C11.Mymotheropenedthedrawerto_________theknivesandspoons．（）A．putaway B．putup C．puton D．puttogether參考答案：A．句意：媽媽打開(kāi)抽屜把刀和湯匙收拾起來(lái)．putaway"放好，收好"；putup"舉起，搭建，張貼"；puton"播放，上演，增加，穿上"；puttogether"組合，裝配"．根據(jù)句意，to_________theknivesandspoons是目的狀語(yǔ)，媽媽打開(kāi)抽屜是為了"收好"刀和湯匙．故選A．本題是基礎(chǔ)題，考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，要掌握短語(yǔ)的意思并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境選擇出正確選項(xiàng)．12.Theecosystemandtheunreasonableeconomicstructurearethemajorcausesoftheworsenedcircleoftheeco-economicsystemofthearea.A.vague B.diverse C.rough D.fragile參考答案：D考查形容詞辨析。句意:生態(tài)系統(tǒng)脆弱和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理是導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)惡性循環(huán)的主要原因。vague"模糊的";diverse"多樣化的";rough"粗糙的";fragile"脆弱的"。13..TopreparefortheOlympicGamesinsummer,London____itslargesteverexercisetotesttheresponseofemergencyservices.

A.planned

B.isplanning

C.hadplanned

D.plans參考答案：B略14.When

forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A.asking

B.asked

C.havingasked

D.tobeasked參考答案：B略15.Hishealthisimprovingdaybyday.Itisquite______thatthemedicinehasagoodeffectonhisdisease.A.strange

B.apparent

C.complex

D.uncertain

參考答案：B略16.Thisnewmodelofcarissopricedthatitis_______thereachofthosewithaverageincomes,sothatmanyofuscanaffordtobuyone.A．over

B．beyond

C．within

D．below參考答案：C二、填空17.SpreadinganInfection

I’vemadeitahabittosmileatpeopleasoftenaspossible,sayingsomekindwords,“hello,thankyou,haveaniceday”,whateverfits.IhavetherightsituationasIamlivingin

61

bigcitywithmany,manypeople.

I’mdoingthisforquiteawhilenow,soI’veseenall

62

（kind）ofreactions,frompeoplefeeling

63

（threaten）byafriendlyword,reacting

64

（angry）orevenaggressively,topeople65

faceslitupwithahugesmileandgavemethe

66

（impress）thatI’vemadethismomentgoodforthem.

TodaysomethinghappenedthatIhadn’tyetexperienced:Twopeople,completestrangers__67

me,oneinthemorning,oneintheafternoon,whomIpassedonthestreetwithout

68__

（smile）atthem,

69

withafriendlyface,lookedupfromtheirinnerfocus,lookedatme,startedtosmileandgreetedmefriendlywhilethey

70

（pass）.

HaveIstarteda“kindnessvirus”?Thatwouldbegreat!Itmakesmyday,andI’mstillsmiling.Ihopeyoudotoo!參考答案：

47.Redfordwantedtoexposethepublictofilms______(make)outsideoftheHollywoodsystemthatordinarypeoplemighthavenoaccesstootherwise.48.Thisfilmismade_______toshowoffthespecialeffectsthantohelpthefilm’splot.49.Theskill_______whichthesethreeyoungactorsbecometheircharactersisoneofthefilm'smainattractions.50.Atourfestival,Hollywoodfilmsareintheminority,whilefilmsthatarelikely_____(overlook)atotherfestivalshavearealchanceofbecomingchampions.51.Calgaryfirstbecameasettlementinthe1870s.Backthen,itwaslittlemorethananarmycamp_____(protect)huntersandmerchants.52.ThesportthatmostoftheworldcallsfootballisknownassoccerinAustralia,tod_____itfromAustralianrulesfootball.53.Canadahasvastareasof_______(wild),fromtheArcticnorthtothe8,892-kilometre-longborderwiththeUSAtothesouth,whichisthelongestborderintheworldnotdefendedbyanarmyorthepolice.54.Thatisanoccasion_____modelplanesandmodelrocketsarcflownovertheschoolgrounds.參考答案：47.made

48.more

49.with

50.tobeoverlooked

51.protecting

52.distinguish

53.wilderness

54.when【分析】考查考生對(duì)于詞匯的應(yīng)用能力及語(yǔ)句的理解能力，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出正確的單詞形式。【47題詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。句意：雷德福想讓公眾接觸到好萊塢體制之外普通人可能無(wú)法接觸到的電影。所填動(dòng)詞make及其短語(yǔ)outsideoftheHollywoodsystem作之前films的后置定語(yǔ)，與其為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填made?！?8題詳解】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：這部電影更多的是為了展示特技效果，而不是為了展示電影情節(jié)。more…than固定結(jié)構(gòu)，是…不是。故填more。【49題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這三位年輕演員的演技是這部電影最吸引人的地方之一。介詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)。先行詞為skills，從句中可以理解為thesethreeyoungactorsbecometheircharacterswiththeskills,故填with。【50題詳解】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：在我們的電影節(jié)上，好萊塢電影是少數(shù)，而在其他電影節(jié)上可能被忽視的電影有真正的機(jī)會(huì)成為冠軍。belikelytodo有可能做某事，固定結(jié)構(gòu)。所填動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填tobeoverlooked?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：19世紀(jì)70年代，卡爾加里首次成為殖民地。那時(shí)，它只是一個(gè)保護(hù)獵人和商人的軍營(yíng)。所填詞作armycamp的后置定語(yǔ)，與其為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填protecting。【52題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：世界上大多數(shù)人稱之為足球的運(yùn)動(dòng)在澳大利亞被稱為soccer，以區(qū)別于澳式足球。此處為todo不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意理解為區(qū)分，區(qū)別，distinguish動(dòng)詞，區(qū)分。故填distinguish。【53題詳解】考查名詞。句意：加拿大幅員遼闊，北至北極，南至長(zhǎng)達(dá)8,892公里的美加邊界，是世界上最長(zhǎng)的沒(méi)有軍隊(duì)或警察保衛(wèi)的邊界。of+名詞/代詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填wildness?！?4題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：那是模型飛機(jī)和模型火箭飛過(guò)學(xué)校操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候。先行詞為occasion，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when?！军c(diǎn)睛】介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句中介詞的選擇來(lái)源主要依靠介詞在固定搭配中的使用和介詞在語(yǔ)境中的使用。一根據(jù)先行詞跟介詞的搭配Eg.I'llneverforgetthedayonwhichijoinedthearmy.二根據(jù)句意確定Eg.Sheisthegirlaboutwhomyouweretalking.此題易錯(cuò)題為第3小題。3.Theskill_______whichthesethreeyoungactorsbecometheircharactersisoneofthefilm'smainattractions.很容易忽略這是考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句導(dǎo)致填寫有困難。先行詞為skills，從句中可以理解為thesethreeyoungactorsbecometheircharacterswiththeskills,故填with。三、閱讀理解19.Scientistshavealwaysbeeninterestedinthehighleveloforganizationinantsocieties.Americanresearchershavewatchedantsbuildlife-savingrafts(筏子)tokeepafloatduringfloods.Theyalsohavedocumentedhowantcolonieschoosetheirnextqueen—thefemalewhosejobistoproduceeggsratherthanseekfoodforothers.

Newtechnologyishelpingtoimproveresearchers’understandingoftheinsects.Butthereisstillalottobelearned.FireantslivinginBrazilianforestsareperfectlyathomeinanenvironmentwherefloodingiscommon.Tosavethemselves,theinsectsconnecttheirlegstogetherandcreatefloatingrafts.Someantraftscanbeupto20centimeterswide.

DavidHu,whoisamechanicalengineerwiththeGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,alsoknownasGeorgiaTech,says,“Ifyouhave100ants,whichmeans600legs,99percentofthoselegswillbeconnectedtoaneighbor.Sothey’revery,verygoodatmaintainingthisnetwork.”

DavidHuandotherGeorgiaTechresearcherswanttostudyantsandthesecretoftheirengineering.Theyfreezeantraftsandthenlookatthemwiththehelpofcomputedtechnology,orCT,images.Thepicturesshowthatlargerantsserveincentralpositionstowhichsmallerantshold.Thelargerantsformpocketsofairthatkeeptheinsectsafloat.Scientistssaysmallrobotsorm