高中英語人教版Unit3AHealthyLife unit3sectionⅳ

SectionⅣGrammar&Writingit的用法(Ⅰ)閱讀下列句子，并體會黑體部分的用法1．ItisabeautifuldayhereandIamsittingunderthebigtreeattheendofthegarden.2．ItseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.3．Believeme，Iknowhoweasyitistobeginsmokingandhowtoughitistostop.一、用作代詞1．it作非人稱代詞，常用于指代時間、距離、自然現(xiàn)象、量度、價值等。Itistimetogetup.(指時間)到起床的時間了。Itisgoingtosnow.(指天氣)(天)要下雪了。Itisalongwayfrommyschooltothehospital.(指距離)從我的學校到醫(yī)院(距離)很遠。2．it用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到的事物或動物、指嬰兒(尤指性別不明者)，未指明但談話雙方都明白的事情或情況。Herbaby'sduenexthopesitwillbeaboy.她的孩子該下個月出生。她希望會是個男孩(性別不明)。Weboughtanewhousebutitwillneedalotofworkbeforewecanmovein.(代替前文提到的事物)我們買了一所新房子但搬進去之前還需要做很多工作。二、用作形式主語it充當形式主語，本身無意義，其真正的主語通常是不定式、動名詞或主語從句。it作為形式主語常用于下面句型中：1．Itbe＋adj.＋(forsb.)todo...(對某人來說)做……是……的常用于此句型的形容詞有：possible，necessary，important，easy，strange，natural等2．Itbe＋n.＋doing...做……是……的常用于本句型的名詞有：good，use等3．Itbe＋adj.＋doing...做……是……的常用于本句型的形容詞有：useless，worthwhile等4．Itbe＋adj.＋that...(對某人來說)做……是……的常用于此句型的形容詞有：necessary，important，strange，natural等Itisimpossibletogettherebyboat.坐船不可能到那里。Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.＝Itisuselessgivinghimsomeadvice.給他提建議沒用。Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.這項工作應該被完美完成是必須的。Itwassaidthatthetyphoonhadcausedalotofdamage.據(jù)說臺風已造成了很多的破壞。It'sapitythatyoumissedsuchanexcitingfootballmatch.你錯過了這么令人興奮的足球比賽，真遺憾。[名師點津]it作形式主語沒有具體的意義，只是把真正的主語移至句子的后面，避免頭重腳輕。三、用作形式賓語1．用于“主語＋及物動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語”句型中：當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式、動名詞或賓語從句時，常使用it作形式賓語，而往往把真正的賓語——不定式、動名詞或賓語從句置于補足語之后。Theyfeltitdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.他們認為在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成這項工作是困難的。Hemadeitclearthathehatedme.他表達得很明確，他討厭我。[名師點津]為了便于記憶，可以把該句型稱為“6123結(jié)構(gòu)”：6指的是句中常用的六個謂語動詞：think/believe/consider/feel/find/make；1指的是形式賓語it；2指的是賓語補足語的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式、動名詞或賓語從句。2．在動詞appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love等后代替if或when等引導的從句。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldcome.如果你能來我會很感激。3．在動詞have(表明；堅持說)，take(認為；猜想)，hide(隱瞞)，publish(公布)，put(表達；寫出來)等后代替that引導的賓語從句。Itakeitthatyoudon'tagreewithme.我認為你不同意我的見解。4．在動詞短語answerfor(擔保)，counton(期待)，dependon，insiston，seeto(確保)等后代替that引導的賓語從句。Hewillappreciateitiftheyinvitehim.如果他們邀請他，他將非常感激。Seetoitthatyouareherepunctuallytomorrow.明天你務必要準時到這里。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．－What'sliketoliveattheNorthPoleinwinter,canyouimagine?－You'llhavetotolerateextremecoldandthelongabsenceofsunlight.2．I'dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.3．worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.4．Hedidn'tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.5．Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneytobuy.【答案】Ⅱ.完成句子1．抽煙危害健康，這是個事實。thatsmokingisadangertohealth.2．我認為我們彼此保持聯(lián)系是重要的。Ithinkthatwekeepupwitheachother.3．我們首次見面是在秋天。whenwemetforthefirsttime.4．他三年前買了個照相機，他已經(jīng)用它拍了很多照片。Heboughtacamerathreeyearsagoandhastakenmanypictures．5．你這么做是聰明的。todoso.【答案】isafactimportantwasautumnit'scleverofyou應用文寫作——回復建議信回復建議信是針對對方提出的問題或困惑，有針對性地提出自己的建議的一種書信文體。一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)首先，要分析問題，表明自己的觀點；其次，針對問題提出建議，并說明原因；最后，提出期望，希望收信者積極行動，改進現(xiàn)狀，并禮貌地結(jié)束全文。二、注意事項提出個人的建議時，應注意以下兩點：1．態(tài)度謙恭理智：不管對方提出的問題有無實際價值，態(tài)度是否中肯，都要認真對待，理智分析，并對對方提出的問題給出合理的解釋以及實際有效的解決方法。2.簡明扼要，以理服人：針對問題提出解決方法時，一定要語氣柔和，態(tài)度明確，邏輯分明，重點突出，讓對方感到“納而有因，拒而有理”。[亮點句式]1．首段：引出問題①Iamsorryyouhavehadsomuchtroublein...②Youhaveaskedformyadviceon...andIwilltrytomakesomesuggestions.③Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobetrusted...2．主體：提出提議①Inmyopinion，youwouldbewisetotakethefollowingaction.②Firstofall，...；Meanwhile，...；Inaddition...③It'simportantforyouto...3．結(jié)尾：提出期望①Don'tloseheart，whateverhappens.②Iwillbeverygladifyoufindmysuggestionsuseful.③PleaseletmeknowifIcanhelpfurther.④Cheerup！Yourtroubleswillsoonbeover.⑤Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.[寫作任務]假設你是李華。你的英國筆友John寫信告訴你近日他由于沉迷于電腦游戲，健康受到很大影響。他十分焦慮。請你根據(jù)以下要點提示，給他寫一封回信，建議他養(yǎng)成良好的生活習慣。要點：1.限制玩游戲的時間，把精力逐漸轉(zhuǎn)移到其他事情上；2．規(guī)定起床和睡覺的時間，形成良好的作息習慣；3．每天鍛煉半小時，增強體質(zhì)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJohn，I'msorrytohearthatyou'readdictedtocomputergames，whichhashadabadeffectonyourhealth.Bestwishes!Yours，LiHua[審題謀篇]體裁建議信話題日常生活時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時人稱第一、二人稱[遣詞造句]Ⅰ.詞匯1．擺脫2．參加3．養(yǎng)成……的習慣4．增強體質(zhì)【答案】ridof/removetakepartin/participatein/joininintothehabitof...up/strengthenone'shealthⅡ.句式1．I'mwillingtogiveyousomeadvicewillhelpgetridofcomputergames.(用定語從句合并句子)I'mwillingtogiveyousomeadvicethatwillhelpgetridofcomputergames.2．Youshouldriseandsleepaccordingtoscheduleinordertogetintothehabitofworkingandrestingregularly.(改為復合句)Youshouldriseandsleepaccordingtoschedulesothat/inorderthatyoucangetintothehabitofworkingandrestingregularly.[妙筆成篇]DearJohn，I'msorrytohearthatyou'readdictedtocomputergames，whichhashadabadeffectonyourhealth.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely，LiHua【參考范文】DearJohn，I'msorrytohearthatyou'readdictedtocomputergames，whichhashadabadeffectonyourknowyouworryaboutitveryI'mwillingtogiveyousomeadvicethatwillhelpyougetridofcomputergames.Firstly，limitthetimetoplaycomputergamesandpaymoreattentiontootheractivitiesafter，youshouldriseandsleepaccordingtoschedulesothatyoucangetintothehabitofworkingandrestingbutnotleast，dosomeexerciseforabouthalfanhourtostrengthenyourhealtheveryday.Ihopeyoucangetridofcomputergamestoliveahealthylife.Bestwishes!Yours，LiHua學業(yè)分層測評（九）Ⅰ.完成句子1．很清楚他不喜歡它。hedoesn'tlikeit.2．請注意一下門鎖了沒有。Pleasethedoorislocked.3．做出那道數(shù)學題很容易。Itiseasy．4．我花了一周時間才看完這本書。tofinishreadingthebook.5．他習慣了黎明前起床。Hethathegetsupbeforedawn.【答案】isveryclearthat2．seetoitthat3．toworkoutthemathsproblem4．Ittookmeaweek5．makesitaruleⅡ.閱讀理解Whohasn'tfoundthemselvesreachingfortheclosestfoodavailablewhenthey'retiredandstressed?Moreandmoreresearchisprovingthatthisisn'tallinourmind.Somefoodsreallydoleadtoachangeinourmoods.Carbohydrate(碳水化合物)forcalmThisishowsomepeoplemedicatethemselveswithfood－byreachingforcookiesorpastawheneverthey'reupset.Unfortunately,itdoesn'talwayswork.Youmusteatamealconsistingof100%carbohydrate,onanemptystomach,toobtaintheserotonin(血清素)increasesothatyouhaveagoodmood.Togetthewished-foreffect,youmustnoteatanythingforfourhoursandtheneatatleast30gramsofstraightcarbohydrate.Drycereal(谷類食品),apieceofbreadwithjam,orapotatoshoulddothetrick．ProteinforpowerOfcourse,sometimeswedon'tneedtobecalmandsleepy.Sometimesweneedagreatdealofmentalconcentration,sothisiswhenit'simportanttomixproteinandcarbohydrate.Theproteinwillpreventthetryptophan(色氨酸)fromfloodingyourbrain,andtheriseinserotoninwon'toccur.WhydessertmakesushappyFatandsugarcausethebraintoletgoendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽),whichsendpleasuresignalsthroughoutthebody.Thiswouldbefine,excepthumansarenotparticularlygoodatstoppingatonecookieorcake.Youcanalsosatisfyyoursweettoothbychoosingfruitfordessert.TimingyourmealsforenergyBloodsugardropsafterfourhoursofgoingwithoutfood,causingadecreaseinenergy.Eatingusuallyfixesthiswithin20to30minutes,butdon'tsupposethateatingmorewillcauseafasterincreaseinenergy.Whenyoueathasasmuchofaneffectonyourmoodaswhatyoueat.Ifyouregularlygoforalongperiodoftimebetweenmeals,rethinkyourscheduleandplanahead.1．Theunderlinedphraseinthethirdparagraphmeans．A．beextremelysmartB．intendtocheatsomeoneC．bringaboutthedesiredresultD．dosomethingtoamusepeople【解析】詞義理解題。此處與本段開頭部分的“Togetthewished-foreffect”相呼應，由此可推斷其意思是“達到預期效果”?！敬鸢浮緾2．Thefunctionofproteinis．A．tohelpyoukeepcalmandsleepyB．tomakeyoufeelenergeticC．toleadyoutoslownessD．toincreaseserotonininyourbrain【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個標題中的內(nèi)容可知蛋白質(zhì)的功能是讓你精力充沛?！敬鸢浮緽3．Wecaninferfromthelasttwopartsthat．A．fatandsugarcangreatlyhelppeoplefeelhappyB．wehumanstendtoeatlotsofcookiesandcakesC．themoreweeat,thefasterwewillgainenergyD．whatweeatismoreimportantthanwhenweeat【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三個標題第一句中的內(nèi)容可知脂肪和糖能極大地幫助人們感覺高興?！敬鸢浮緼4．Themainideaofthepassageis．A．eatingforabettermoodB．eatingtomakeyoucalmC．eatingformoreproteinD．eatingtomakeusstrong【解析】主旨大意題。第一段的最后一句是本文的中心句，根據(jù)本句的內(nèi)容可知最佳標題是“吃出好心情”?！敬鸢浮緼Ⅲ.語法填空【導學號：33100039】(2023·陜西西安高二模擬)Oncetherelivedarichman1.wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.2.firsthewantedtofindoutwhethertheydeservedhishelp.Inthecentreofthemainroadintothetown,heplaced3.verylargestone.Thenhe4.(hide)behindatreeandwaited.Soonanoldmancamealongwithhiscow.“Whoputthisstoneinthecentreoftheroad？”saidtheoldman，buthedidnottrytoremovethestone.Instead,withsomedifficultyhepassedaroundthestoneandcontinuedonhisway.5.mancamealonganddidthesamething；thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemcomplainedaboutthestonebutnottriedtoremoveintheafternoonayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestone,6.(say)tohimself:“Thenight7.(be)verydark.Someneighborswillcomealong8.(late)inthedarkandwillfallagainstthestone.”Thenhebegantomovethestone.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis9.(strong)tomoveit,only10.(find)abagofmoneyunderthestone.Imaginehowsurprisedhewas!1．【解析】who引導定語從句，修飾arichman?！敬鸢浮縲ho2．【解析】but表示轉(zhuǎn)折?！敬鸢浮緽ut3．【解析】averylargestone一塊非常大的石頭?！敬鸢浮縜4．【解析】短文用一般過去時敘述了一個故事?！敬鸢浮縣id5．【解析】前文提到anoldman，此處指另一個人?！敬鸢浮緼nother6．【解析】say與he為邏輯上的主動關系，故用saying?！敬鸢浮縮aying7．【解析】晚上將會很黑，由下文willcome也可知用將來時?！敬鸢浮縲illbe8．【解析】副詞作狀語。【答案】later9．【解析】形容詞性物主代詞后應該用名詞?！敬鸢浮縮trength10．【解析】onlytodo表示意料之外的結(jié)果?！敬鸢浮縯ofindⅣ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。(2023·浙江寧海中學高二期中考試)Inschoolsandathome，mostofushavebeenscoldedorevengotpunishedformajorityofpeoplesaythatbydaydreamingwewasteourtimeandenergyinsomethingthatisnothinglessthanunproductivemanymedicalstudieshaveshowedsomething'vestressedonthefactthatdaydreamingworkswondersonourimaginationpower，creativityandsituation-handlingfact，manyproblemscanbeeasilysolvedifwedaydream.Thetopmostbenefitofdaydreamingisthatyourmoodgetstherightseparatingyourselffromtheworldaroundyou，youtendtoenjoythealonenessinyourmindandgetpeacefromdaydreamingasyouthinkaboutsomethingthatcalmsyouryoustartimaginingthingswhiledaydreaming，youtendtoforgetallthestressand，yougethappinessfromitandthishappinesschangesintoasourceofenergythathelpsyouinworkinginagoodmood.Manypsychologistshavesaidthatpeoplewhodaydreamtendtohaveasharper'struethatwhenyou'redaydreaming，youtendtog